vertical aspect ratio does not playa large

role in determining overall loads, the

coefficients given in Figure 4. I will likely
be slightly conservative for relatively
shorter structures and slightly
unconservative for relatively taller
structures

Force coefficients CDg are applicable

for frames consisting of typical sharp-
edged steel shapes such as wide flange
shapes, channels and angles. Reference
GeorgioulVickery/Church suggests a
method to account for structures
containing some members of circular or
other cross sectional shape.

4.2.4 Solidity Ratio C4.2.4 Solidity Ratio

The solidity ratio & is given by; Reference Willjord/AJJsop presents

, a method to account for the effects of
I & = As I Ag (4.3)
where Ag is the gross area (envelope
area) of the windward frame and As is
the effective solid area of the windward
frame defined by the following •
secondary floor beams (beams not in the
plane ofa frame). Use of this method
may result in a small increase in the total
wind force on the structure. With the
associated uncertainties with the
determination of the wind forces this
minor addition may be ignored.

4.2.4.1 The solid area of a frame is

defined as the solid area of each element
in the plane of the frame projected
normal to the nominal wind direction.
Elements considered as part of the solid
area of a frame include beams, columns,
bracing, cladding, stairs, ladders,
handrails, etc. Items such as vessels,
tanks, piping and cable trays are not
included in calculation of solid area of
frame; wind loads on these items are
calculated separately.

4.2.4.2 The presence of flooring or C4.2.4.2 Reference Willjord/AI/sop

decking does not cause an increase of the indicates that although extremely little

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