Problem Statement

The rate of school bus and van accidents in Kenya have been alarming to parent, relatives and

Kenyans at the thought of young children losing their lives (Obuhuma, Ondiek & Ombui, 2013).

Using school busses involves handing over children to persons who parents trust will deliver
them to school. With the high number of pupils crisscrossing the City of Nairobi to attend school
in school busses, there is need to track them at all times. Tracking the vehicles and as a result the

children will provide peace of mind for parents and school administrators.

There is need for an integrated system for schools administrators, school buses and parents to

automatically track the movement of pupils in real-time. This system would help reassure parents

and school administration of the safety of the pupils.

Research Questions
i.What systems are being used is schools around the world to track school buses?
ii.What solutions are used in Nairobi County to track school children?
iii.What technology solution can be used to notify parents and schools on the location of pupils?
iv.Is the developed solution
efficient in tracking school children while on transit?

Scope of Work
This thesis is aimed at linking junior primary school pupils with their parents during transit to
and from school. It is limited only to notification of parents whenever the pupil boards and
alights a school bus and tracking the bus via GPS though a mobile phone in the vehicle.
The study will be constrained to Nairobi County schools and parents and the devices to be used
in this research are Android based smartphones with Internet, GPS and NFC capability.
2.3.Need for Tracking Children
Millions of children need to be moved from home to school and vice versa every day. For
parents, obtaining safe transport for their children is a critical issue. Many children find
themselves locked in a school bus in the bus parking lot after falling asleep on their way to
school, miss the bus, step into the wrong bus, or leave at the wrong station with no means of
track them (Shaaban et al., 2013). A research undertaken by the Scottish Executive Central
Research Unit with the purpose of increasing the proportion of non-car travel to school reveals
that travelling by bus or coach appears to be by far the safest mode (Shaaban et al., 2013).

2.4 Child Tracking Solutions

Several child tracking solutions have been designed around the world to assist parents monitor
their children. A solutions designed for Malaysia by Al-Mazloum, Omer & Abdullah (2013)
describes a GPS and SMS based child tracking system using a smart phone. They proposed an
android based solution to aid the parents track their children in real time. It works by a parent
sending a request location SMS to the child’s smart phone. The child’s devise will then reply
with he GPS position to the parent’s device. This solution takes advantage of the many children
using smartphones these days and is aimed at locating missing or lost children. Tekawade et al.
(2014) have designed a mobile tracking app for locating friends using GPS. The application is
implemented as a client server system to help users locate their friends and receive alerts when
their friends are nearby. The application works in open space areas only since it relies on GPS by
calculating the longitude and latitude values of the mobile.

2.6 Benefits of Tracking to Parents and Schools

An online article, Should Parents Use GPS Tracking on their Kids? (n.d.), lists some benefits of
tracking children using GPS. With the increased availability and technology of GPS tracking
now so easily accessible, it can be used to keep track of children at all times. If a child is young
enough to get lost or be abducted, using GPS is not an invasion of privacy. A GPS tracker can be
placed inconspicuously in a child's backpack, jacket or pocket, so the parent can always know
that the child is safe in school, has made it home safely from school, or is where they're supposed
to be. Another great benefit of GPS tracking for kids is to help care for children that have mental
disabilities or behavioral problems such as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). A child that has
mental disabilities or behavioral issues may be more inclined to wander away from their
guardian when they become distracted. Whether a child has ADD or Autism, a GPS tracking
monitor can give you much needed peace of mind when he or she is not directly in your care.

2.7 EXISTING SYSTEM

Implementation of children tracking system on android mobile terminals is a system which is
introduced to track the children using a child module that transmits the
tracking information to a database and a mobile device.
A Self Configurable New Generation Children Tracking System Based on MobileAd Hoc
Networks Consisting of Android Mobile Terminals is introduced to report a
tracking system that utilizes Android terminals that communicate among themselves using
Bluetooth technology to form clusters.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

A. Description
A SMS based solution to aid parents to track their children location in real time is
proposed. The system will be designed to monitor children ridership in a safe and non-
intrusive way. It will use a combination of RFID, GPS (Global Positioning System), and
GSM technologies. Each student is issued one or more unique RFID card(s) to carry. The
card will be embedded in the school bag for each student. As the student’s tag is detected
by the reader installed in the school bus upon entering or leaving the bus, the time, date
and location is logged and transmitted to a secure database. The system will enable
 parents to receive instant SMS alerts when bus is within 10 minutes of the designated
pick up and drop off points reducing the time the child spends on the street as shown in
Figs.1 and 2. The system will also notify parents via SMS when the child boards and
alights from the bus or enters/leaves the school. Parents will take the appropriate action
because they have precise answers to boarding status and times. If a child is still inside
the bus for a predefined time after the vehicle's engine is turned off, and doors are closed,
an SMS message will be sent to parents.

Fig. 1. Block diagram for Bus unit.

 Fig.2. Block diagram for School unit.

1.3 TRACKING SYSTEM

GPS, GSM, Tracking System

1.3.1 INTRODUCTION
In this urban life transportation is very common. A lot of mishappenings occur on the road
everyday .Therefore the need of security and monitoring is developed. To resolve such problems,
a system is developed using GPS and GSM technologies and an application is introduced in this
research work.

Various problems that we face:

1. In critical condition (when vehicle is stolen), one is confused what to do
2. If one has something expensive and he wants to check it regularly
3. To find the shortest path available
All these problems are overcome by the system.
This system has Global Positioning System (GPS) which will receive thecoordinates from the
satellites among other critical information. Tracking system is very important in modern world.
This can be useful in soldier monitoring, tracking of the theft vehicle and variousother
applications. The system is microcontroller based that consists of a globalpositioning
system(GPS) and global system for mobile communication (GSM).
This project uses only one GPS Device and a two way communication process is achieved using
a GSM modem.GSM modem,provided with a SIM card uses the same communication process
aswe are using in regular phone.International Journal of Computer Science,Thesystem is not
limited to find the location of the target but also calculates thedistancetravelled b/w two
stations.This system is user friendly, easily installable,easily accessible and can be used for
various otherpurposes. After installationsystem will locate target by the use of a Web application
(HTMLbasedapplication) in Google map. The system allows to track the target anytime
andanywhere inany weather conditions.

1.6 HARDWARE DESIGN

In this we are using a 40 pin ATmega16 microcontroller. It has four input–output
ports.ATmega16 microcontroller is the heart of the project that is used for interfacing. Two pins
areVCC pins and other twopins are at ground. Pin 9 is reset pin. A crystal oscillator of 12 MHz
isconnected to the microcontroller. RS-232 protocol is used as serial communication between
themicrocontroller, GPS and GSM modem. A serialdriver MAX232, 16 pin IC is used
forconverting RS-232 voltage levels into TTL voltage levels. There arefour electrolytic
capacitorswhich are used with MAX232. A 9V battery is used to power the circuit. A
7805regulator is usedto convert 9V into 5V. The microcontroller and MAX232 are powered by
5V. LED indicatesthepresence of power supply.

1.7 SOFTWARE PROGRAM

The software programming is done in ‘C ‘language. Data (co-ordinates) received by GPS
fromthe satellites is defined in the software. Decoding the NMEA (National Marine
ElectronicsAssociation) protocol is the main purpose of developing this software. The mobile
number of theuser should be included in the softwareprogramming in order to receive the
location values fromthe SIM card which we are using in GSM modem.The NMEA protocol
consists of set ofmessages. These messages are ASCII character set. GPS receives dataand
present it in the formof ASCII comma – delimited message strings. ‘$’ sign is used at the starting
of eachmessage.The locations (latitude and longitude) have the format of ddmm.mmmm. i.e.
.degrees minutes anddecimal minutes. The software protocol consists of the GGA (global
positioning system fixed data) and GLL(geographic position latitude/longitude). But in this
system we are using CGAonly. The flow chart of thesystem is given as:
No
Yes

1.8. WEB APPLICATION

The web application named as ‘Tracking System’ is shown in figures that represents the
complete output of the system. In this system two applications are developed that are linked to
each other. First one is used to get the initial position of the vehicle (starting point) and as system
will receive the different co-ordinates (longitude and latitude) switching to the next one will be
done to get the distance travelled b/w the two positions. The application will run on WAMP
server and will run only if the internet is in use. WAMP server homepage is shown in diagram.
GSM, GPS on GPS on (get coordinates) GSM gets data and send GSM waits for the request
User receives the data

1.8.1 Various features of web Application are:

 Both the applications are user friendly .i.e. new users can be easily comfortable.
 Since the applications are HTML based user can easily modify according to his
requirements
 Gives the exact location of the target.
 The applications also alerts about the distance travelled by the target and also the routes
that are possible to reach to the target.

Figure 6.System Application 1

Figure 6 shows the first application where location will be found .As shown in figure by clicking
on the ‘next’ button will open up next page, where the route and the distance travelled will be
found. And by clicking on the ‘Back’ button will open up first one (page) as suggested in the fig.
7.Both the applications are HTML based. PHP is also used for some modifications.
Figure 7.System Application 2
Introduction

As GPS devices become more accurate, efficient, and cost-effective, can it

be entirely reliable in real applications? There are shortcomings found in the GPS data, for
instance:
Inaccuracy: Most modern low-cost GPS receivers have a stated accuracy of 5 meters in
geographical positioning. This implies a precision in instantaneous speeds calculated
from this data to be ±18km/h, if a 1 second sampling interval is used.
Complexity: The inaccuracies outlined above mean that for any real useful purpose,
complex rules must be imposed when analyzing the data in order to try to reflect the
individual’s mobility. Furthermore, the reliability evaluation is more crucial in
transportation applications due to the inherent restriction from the road network.

Conclusion

The GPS tracking data identified the actual positions of the vehicles fairly successfully. The
surroundings of the experiment had no obviously interfering attributes like high built-ups,
forests,
magnetic fields, and so on. The partially poor identification of the bike’s positions by trees and in
the vicinity of magnetic fields shows however that the positional error of the GPS is highly
vulnerable to the surroundings (see also Modsching et al., 2006). Fortunately, this problem can
be rectified by using map-matching algorithms as proposed by Brakatsoulas et al. (2005), Taylor
et al. (2006), and Quddus et al. (2007). We believe that the GPS tracking data on position may be
useful for routing, mobility patter recognition, and general navigation of travellers. However, the
accuracy is insufficient in cases requiring high geographical precision such as parking,
emergency rescue, and the like.

Reference

Brakatsoulas, S., Pfoser, D., Salas, R., & Wenk, C. (2005, August). On map-matching vehicle
tracking data. In Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Very large data bases (pp.
853-864). VLDB Endowment.

Modsching M., Kramer R., & ten Hagen K. (2006, March). Field trial on GPS Accuracy in a
medium size city: The influence of built-up. In 3rd Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and
Communication , 209-218.

Quddus, M. A., Ochieng, W. Y., & Noland, R. B. (2007). Current map-matching algorithms for
transport applications: State-of-the art and future research directions. Transportation Research
Part C: Emerging Technologies, 15(5), 312-328.

Taylor, G., Brunsdon, C., Li, J., Olden, A., Steup, D., & Winter, M. (2006). GPS accuracy
estimation using map matching techniques: Applied to vehicle positioning and odometer
calibration. Computers, environment and urban systems, 30(6), 757-772.

Shaaban, K., Bekkali A., Hamida E. & Kadri A. (2013), Smart Tracking System for School
Buses Using Passive RFID Technology to Enhance Child Safety, Journal of Traffic and Logistics
Engineering, Vol, 1, No. 2 December 2013

Al-Mazloum A, Omer E, & Abdullah M (2013), GPS and SMS-Based Child Tracking System
Using Smart Phone. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International
Journal of Electrical, Computer, Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol:7, No:2, 2013
Takawade A, Tutake A, Shinde R, Dhole P & Hirve S (2013), Mobile Tracking Application for
Locating Friends using LBS. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering Vol. 1, Issue 2, April 2013

Thuong Le-Tien, Vu Phung, Vietnam “Routing andTracking System for Mobile Vehicles in
Large Area IEEE 2010.

4.2 Terminology
4.2.1 Latitude & Longitude
Both are the angles that are uniquely defined on the sphere.Together the angle comprises the co-
ordinate scheme thatcan locate or identify the geographic position on the planet.Latitude is
defined with respect to the equatorial reference,the value becomes positive as it moves towards
north and itbecomes negative towards south. Longitude is measuredwith reference to prime
meridian and is positive towards eastand negative towards west.
4.2.2 Routing
Routing means a compass sensor is used to calculate theangle between the current direction of
mobile vehicle andmagnetic north direction [1].
4.2.3 Tracking
Tracking allows the base station to continuously track thevehicle without any interference of the
driver or the methodof continuously collecting the co-ordinates of movingvehicle that is getting
from GPS receiver.
4.2.4 Vehicle Disabling
Vehicle can be disabled just by sending the SMS from theGSM modem of owner to the GSM
modem which is in car. The form which is generated in Visual Basic in the computeris connected
to the GSM. If the message is send to disablethe vehicle than the vehicle can be disabled. This
feature isnot present with the any of the vehicle security system.

 Chief Executive Officer

 GPS Car Tracker Installation and Repair Engineers / Technicians
 Admin and HR Manager
 Marketing and Sales Executive
 Accountant
 Customer Care Executive / Front Desk Officer
Roles and Responsibilities

Chief Executive Office:

 Increases management’s effectiveness by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training,

coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and
objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising job results;
developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions;
providing educational opportunities.
 Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization’s vision, mission, and
overall direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall
organization’s strategy.
 Responsible for fixing prices and signing business deals
 Responsible for providing direction for the business
 Creates, communicates, and implements the organization’s vision, mission, and overall
direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall organization’s
strategy.
 Responsible for signing checks and documents on behalf of the company
 Evaluates the success of the organization

GPS Car Tracker Installation and Repair Engineers / Technicians

 Responsible for installation, repair and maintenance of GPS car tracking device
 Responsible for conducting GPS car tracking trainings, advisory and consultancy services
 Responsible for writing and presenting reports, proposals, applications and contracts
 In charge of choosing the GPS car tracker components and software to be used and
specifying the requirements for the project
 Adapts plans according to circumstances and resolving any problems that may arise
during GPS car tracker installation and monitoring
 Responsible for making sure the project is running according to schedule and budget
 Plays a part in project and team management

Admin and HR Manager

 Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of HR and administrative tasks for the
organization
 Designs job descriptions with KPI to drive performance management for clients
 Regularly hold meetings with key stakeholders to review the effectiveness of HR
Policies, Procedures and Processes
 Maintains office supplies by checking stocks; placing and expediting orders; evaluating
new products.
 Ensures operation of equipment by completing preventive maintenance requirements;
calling for repairs.
 Defines job positions for recruitment and managing interviewing process
 Carries out staff induction for new team members
 Responsible for training, evaluation and assessment of employees
  Responsible for arranging travel, meetings and appointments
 Updates job knowledge by participating in educational opportunities; reading
professional publications; maintaining personal networks; participating in professional
organizations.
 Oversee the smooth running of the daily office activities.

Marketing and Sales Executive

 Identifies, prioritizes, and reaches out to new partners, and business opportunities et al
 Identifies development opportunities; follows up on development leads and contacts;
participates in the structuring and financing of projects; assures the completion of
relevant projects.
 Writes winning proposal documents, negotiate fees and rates in line with company policy
 Responsible for handling business research, marker surveys and feasibility studies for
clients
 Responsible for supervising implementation, advocate for the customer’s needs, and
communicate with clients
 Develops, executes and evaluates new plans for expanding increase sales
 Documents all customer contact and information
 Represents the company in strategic meetings
 Helps to increase sales and growth for the company

Accountant

Client Service Executive / Front Desk Officer

 Welcomes guests and clients by greeting them in person or on the telephone; answering
or directing inquiries.
 Ensures that all contacts with clients (e-mail, walk-In center, SMS or phone) provides the
client with a personalized customer service experience of the highest level
 Through interaction with clients on the phone, uses every opportunity to build client’s
interest in the company’s products and services
 Manages administrative duties assigned by the manager in an effective and timely
manner
 Consistently stays abreast of any new information on the company’s products,
promotional campaigns etc. to ensure accurate and helpful information is supplied to
clients
 Receives parcels / documents for the company
 Distributes mails in the organization
 Handles any other duties as assigned my the line manager

 Strength:

The system is convenient for the drivers.

 The prices are lower

High valuation

ease of payment,

wide range of GPS

experienced and qualified team

 Weakness:
 Costs of operating vehicles are very high.
 Very Unpredictable business model.

 Opportunities:
 Cheaper electric cars can be used.
 reduce the cost and increase the driver’s profit margin.
 Additional services like transporting older patients to hospital

 Threat:
 economic downturn.
 Drivers aren’t happy with the low-profit margins
 Increasing competition will ultimately decrease prices

 Market Trends

The market for GPS car tracking installation and maintenance services is driven by the purchase
of cars and the increase in consumers’ spending – in essence, as the general economy of a
country grows, more people will buy cars and more people will patronize the services of GPS car
tracking installation and maintenance businesses.

GPS car tracking installation and maintenance services business responds to the increase in
household spending and also increase in the volume of cars in a particular area or city. The trend
of the market can be predicted without stress.
The trend in the GPS car tracking installation and maintenance line of business is that most GPS
car tracking installation and maintenance companies in the bid to survive the recent global
economic meltdown included additional services to their core service offerings.

Some GPS car tracking installation and maintenance companies includes services such as
automobile electrical repair works, sale of auto electronic accessories and GPS car tracking
installation and maintenance trainings, advisory and consulting services. It is much easier for
GPS car tracking installation and maintenance companies to increase their revenues by
diversifying as against increasing the scope of their market.

 Our Target Market

Before choosing a location for our GPS car tracking installation and maintenance company, we
conducted our feasibility studies and market survey and we were able to identify those who will
benefit greatly from our service offerings..

The demographic component of those who need the services of car wash and auto detailing
services spreads across the public sector, the organized private sector, and individuals from
different strata of the society and from all walks of life.

Below is a list of the people and organizations that our GPS car tracking installation and
maintenance services is designed for;

 The public sector; government ministries, agencies and parastatals.

 Organized private sector
 Households
 Corporate Executives
 Business People
 Car Dealership Shops
 Government
 Household
 Taxi and car rental company
 Transport Companies

Our Competitive Advantage

GPS car tracking installation and maintenance business is an easy to set up business especially if
you are able to acquire the required training, start – up capital and of course the required license.
It means that the possibility of GPS car tracking installation and maintenance business springing
up in the location where our company is located is high. We are aware of this which is why we
decided to come up with a business concept that will position us to become the leader in
Frankfort – Kentucky.
Our competitive edge is that we are a standard and well equipped GPS car tracking installation
and maintenance business that is positioned to handle both corporate clients and individual
clients.

We can confidently say that the strategic locations we intend covering, the business model we
will be operating on, ease of payment, wide range of GPS car trackers and our excellent
customer service culture will definitely count as a strong competitive advantage for System Spec
GPS Tech®, Inc. So also we have a well – experienced and qualified team that can go all the
way to give our clients value for their money; a team that are trained and equipped to pay
attention to details.

For the time being, System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. has no real competitors that can match
compete with the quality of services we offer and our business offerings et al. Our customer
service will be customized to meet the needs of all our customers.

Lastly, all our employees will be well taken care of, and their welfare package will be among the
best within our category (startups GPS car tracking installation and maintenance businesses in
the United States) in the industry. It will enable them to be more than willing to build the
business with us and help deliver our set goals and achieve all our business aims and objectives.

GPS Vehicle Tracking Business Plan – SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

 Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

The marketing strategy for System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. is going to be driven basically by
excellent customer service, honesty and quality service delivery. We will ensure that we build a
loyal customer base. We want to drive sales via the output of our jobs and via referral from our
satisfied customers. We are quite aware of how satisfied customers drive business growth
especially businesses like GPS car tracking installation and maintenance services.

System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. is a GPS car tracking installations and maintenance business that
is strategically located and we are going to maximize the opportunities that is available which is
why we spend more to locate the business in a location that will be visible and enable us to
access our target market.

Our sales and marketing team will be recruited based on their vast experience in the industry and
they will be trained on a regular basis so as to be well equipped to meet their targets and the
overall goal of System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc.

Our goal is to grow System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. to become the leading GPS car tracking
installation and maintenance company in Frankfort – Kentucky which is why we have mapped
out strategy that will help us take advantage of the available market and grow to become a major
force to reckon with in the GPS car tracking installation and maintenance services industry.

System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. is set to make use of the following marketing and sales strategies
to attract clients;
  Introduce our GPS car tracking installation and maintenance business by sending
introductory letters alongside our brochure to corporate organizations, transport and
logistics companies, households and key stake holders in Frankfort – Kentucky
 Print out fliers and business cards and strategically drop them in offices, car parks,
libraries, public facilities and train stations et al.
 Use friends and family to spread word about our business
 Post information about our company and the services we offer on bulletin boards in
places like car parks, schools, libraries, and local coffee shops et al
 Placing a small or classified advertisement in the newspaper, or local publication about
our company and the services we offer
 Leverage on referral networks such as agencies that will attract clients who would need
our customized services
 Advertise our GPS car tracking installation and maintenance company in relevant
automobile magazines, newspapers, TV stations, and radio station.
 Attend relevant automobile expos, seminars, and business fairs et al to market our
services
 Engage in direct marketing approach
 Encourage the use of word of mouth marketing from loyal and satisfied students
 Join local chambers of commerce and industry to market our product and services.

Start – Up Expenditure (Budget)

In setting up any business, the amount or cost will depend on the approach and scale you want to
undertake. If you intend to go big by renting a place, then you would need a good amount of
capital as you would need to ensure that your employees are well taken care of, and that your
facility is conducive enough for workers to be creative and productive.

This means that the start-up can either be low or high depending on your goals, vision and
aspirations for your business.

The tools and equipment that will be used are nearly the same cost everywhere, and any
difference in prices would be minimal and can be overlooked. As for the detailed cost analysis
for starting a GPS car tracking installation and maintenance business; it might differ in other
countries due to the value of their money.

However, this is what it would cost us to set up System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. in the United of
America; These are the key areas where we will spend our start – up capital on;

 The Total Fee for Registering the Business in the United States of America –15 lac.
 Legal expenses for obtaining licenses and permits – 6 lac
 Marketing promotion expenses (2,000 flyers at 5 per copy) for the total amount of Rs
10000
 Cost for hiring Business Consultant – Rs 10000
 Insurance (general liability, workers’ compensation and property casualty) coverage at a
total premium – Rs 43000.
 The cost of accounting software, CRM software and Payroll Software – Rs 5000
  The cost for leasing standard office cum warehouse facility- Rs 50,000.
 The cost for facility remodeling – Rs 10,000.
 Other start-up expenses including stationery – Rs 15000
 The cost for Start-up inventory (car tracking devices and accessories) – Rs 50,000
 The total cost for store equipment (cash register, security, ventilation, signage) – Rs
10,000
 The cost for the purchase of furniture and gadgets (Computers, Printers, Telephone, TVs,
Credit card machine, POS, tables and chairs et al): Rs 40000.
 The cost of Launching a Website: Rs 2000
 The total cost for the purchase of vehicle – 36 lac
 The cost for our grand opening party: Rs 1,500
 Miscellaneous: Rs 10,000

We would need an estimate of $350,000 to successfully launch our GPS car tracking installation
and maintenance business in Gujranwala

 Amount needed for phone and utility deposits – Rs 3,500

 Operational cost for the first 3 months (payments of bills) – Rs 40,000

Generating Funding / Startup System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc.

System Spec GPS Tech®, Inc. is a business that will be owned and managed by Sean Davidson
and his friend and business partner Cole Perez. They are the sole financial of the business which
is why they decided to restrict the sourcing of the start – up capital for the business to just three
major sources.

These are the areas we intend generating our start – up capital;

 Generate part of the start – up capital from personal savings and sale of his stocks
 Generate part of the start – up capital from friends and other extended family members
 Generate a larger chunk of the startup capital from the bank (loan facility).

Strengths:

 The system is convenient for the drivers.

 The prices are lower
 High valuation
Weaknesses:

 The idea can be easily imitated. Nothing will prevent competition from presenting the same
product.
 The relationship between Uber and the drivers is ethically questionable. It lacks the real
connection. So, it is expected that loyalty between Uber and its drivers is quite low.
 Also, company and its customers have no bonding. Incentive to remain with Uber is low.
 Costs of operating vehicles are very high. But, the drivers do not earn so much.
 Very Unpredictable business model.
 There are privacy concerns. Uber records where customer gets the taxi from. It also notes where
he goes with it.

Opportunities:

 Customers are often dissatisfied with traditional cab companies because of high prices and long
waiting time.
 It can exploit new and big markets in countries like India where taxi services are inconvenient
and expensive.
 Can tap growing markets in suburban areas where taxi services are not available.
 Rise in number of Uber drivers will reduce the Estimated Time of Arrival. This will make Uber
more liked. The startup will get more revenue and drivers will be profited as well.
 Uber can increase the valuation. This might appeal more investors. As a result, Uber will have
more money to operate.
 Cheaper electric cars can be used. It will reduce the cost and increase the driver’s profit margin.
 Additional services like transporting older patients to hospital, transporting children to school
and transporting pets to the vet can be offered.

Threats:

 Drivers aren’t happy with the low-profit margins. This might lead to bad publicity. This can in
turn discourage the new drivers from joining Uber.
 Some new legal regulations in countries like Germany will ban Uber from operating.
 Problems with local authorities can lead to fines. It will also earn a bad PR.
 Increasing competition will ultimately decrease prices. This will discourage drivers from joining
the startup in new markets. This will result in loss of customers. Uber’s revenues will decline.
 As new markets and drivers are joining, fraud and scandals are also increasing. It is damaging for
the brand.
 Self-driving cars, e.g. Google Cars, will eliminate the need for Uber.
 Overvaluation can lead to Overinvestment in locations where there is no room for businesses of
a similar type.

 Payment Options

The payment policy adopted all inclusive because we are quite aware that different customers
prefer different payment options as it suits them but at the same time, we will ensure that we
abide by the financial rules and regulation Here are the payment options that System Spec GPS
Tech®, Inc. will make available to her clients;
  Payment via bank transfer
 Payment with cash
 Payment via online bank transfer
 Payment via check
 Payment via mobile money transfer
 Payment via bank draft

In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will enable our client make
payment for farm produces purchase without any stress on their part. Our bank account numbers
will be made available on our website and promotional materials to clients who may want to
deposit cash or make online transfer for our services and products.