Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
0 0 00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
V
± 4
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
---
V mA
A
~V
µA
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
Introduction
This lesson covers basic functions and operation of the digital
multimeter. Although an analog multimeter and test light may be
used by a service technician, the digital multimeter performs the
more complex measurements on the newer electronic systems. In
order to make it easier to work with large numbers, digital
multimeters use the metric system.
Objectives
At the completion of this lesson, the student will be able to:
Given a 9U7330 Digital Multimeter and an electrical circuit, connect
the meter leads to the electrical circuit and adjust the meter to
correctly measure:
Voltage
Current
Resistance
Unit 2 2-3-2 Electrical Fundamentals
Lesson 3
± 4
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
ROTARY SWITCH
---
V mA
A
~V
µA
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
TEST LEAD JACKS
400mA MAX
FUSED
Digital Multimeter
The digital multimeter is highly accurate and used to find the precise
value of any type of voltage, current or resistance. Powered by a 9-
volt alkaline battery, the meter is sealed against dirt, dust and
moisture.
The meter has four main areas: the liquid-crystal-display, push
buttons, rotary dial function switch, and inputs for the meter leads.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
4
RANGE
BACK
LIGHTING MIN MAX RANGE HOLD PUSH
BUTTONS
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Push Buttons
The buttons on the meter are used to perform additional functions.
This lesson will cover only the range button. The additional buttons
will be covered later in the course as they apply to the type of
measurement taken.
When it is first switched on and a measurement is made, the meter
automatically selects a range and displays the word AUTO in the
upper left. Pressing the range button will put the meter in manual
range mode and display the range scale in the lower right. With each
additional press of the range button, the next increment will be
displayed. Press and hold the range button to return to the auto range
mode. The yellow button can be used to back light the meter display.
Rotary Switch
Various meter functions are selected by turning the meter's rotary
switch. Each time the rotary switch is moved from OFF to a function
setting, all display segments and indicators turn on as part of a self-
test routine. Moving clockwise from the OFF switch, the first three
positions on the rotary switch are used for measuring AC voltage,
DC voltage and DC millivolts. The top position is used for
measuring resistance. The next position will allow the meter to check
diodes. The last two positions are used for measuring AC and DC
current in amperes, milli-amperes and micro-amperes.
Unit 2 2-3-4 Electrical Fundamentals
Lesson 3
METER LEAD
INPUT JACKS
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
H DC
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
4
12 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
V
± 4
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
---
V mA
A
~
V µA
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
10A MAX 1000V MAX
FUSED
- Place the black meter lead in the COM input port on the meter
and the red lead in the VOLT/OHM input port.
- Place the black meter lead in the on the low side or the ground
side of the component or circuit being measured.
- Place the red meter lead in the on the high side or the positive
side of the component or circuit being measured.
Unit 2 2-3-7 Electrical Fundamentals
Lesson 3
± 4
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
---
V mA
A
~V Load
µA
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
10A MAX 1000V MAX
FUSED
Observe the circuit in Fig. 2.3.7. The tests leads are connected in
parallel across the circuit load. With a 12 volt power source
connected to the load, the meter should read a voltage drop equal to
the source voltage or 12 volts.
If the meter reads a voltage drop less than 12 volts, it would indicate
that an un-wanted resistance was present in the circuit. A logical
process would be to measure the voltage drop across the closed
switch contacts. If a voltage reading was present it would indicate
that the switch contacts were corroded, requiring the switch to be
replaced.
The 9U7330 digital multimeter is a high impedance meter. This
means the meter will not significantly increase the current flow in the
circuit being measured. Voltage measurements should always be
made with the circuit under power. The 9U7330 Digital Multimeter
is ideal for use in circuits controlled by solid state devices such as,
electronic components, computers and microprocessors.
Unit 2: Lesson 3 -1- Electrical Fundamentals
Student Copy Exercise 2.3.1
Voltage Measurements
R1 = 4Ω
R2 = 2Ω V2 V2 = _____
+ 12V -
R1 = 4Ω
V2 = _____
V2
V1 = ____ V1
R2 = 2Ω
+ 12V -
V3
V3 = _____
1 35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
A
± 4
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
--- mA
V A
~V µA Red Lead
(+)
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
10A MAX 1000V MAX
FUSED
Black Lead
(-)
- Place the black multimeter input lead in the COM port and the
red input lead in the A (amp) port.
- Place the leads in SERIES with the circuit, so that the circuit
amperage is flowing through the meter.
Caution: If the current flow exceeds the rating of the fuse in the
meter, the fuse will "open."
1 35 A
±
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
4
12V
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
Switch
--- Open
mA
V A
~V µA
OFF Load
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
10A MAX 1000V MAX
FUSED
V1
A2
A1 R1
R2 R3 V2
+ 24V -
A3 A4
In the above circuit, ammeters have been placed in different locations to measure current flow. Insert
the following resistance values in the circuit (R1 = 10 ohms, R2 = 6 ohms, R3 = 3 ohms). Calculate
the individual ammeter readings.
Measuring Resistance
O L M Ω
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
± 40
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Ω
---
mV
---
V mA - - -
A ~
~V
µA - - -
~
OFF
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
Additionally, the resistance of the test leads can affect the accuracy
when the meter is in its lowest (400 ohm) range. The expected error
is approximately 0.1 to 0.2 ohms for a standard pair of test leads. To
determine the actual error, short the test leads together and reads the
value displayed on the meter. Use the (REL) mode on the 9U7330 to
automatically subtract the lead resistance from the actual
measurements.
Unit 2 2-3-11 Electrical Fundamentals
Lesson 3
- Place the red lead in the jack marked Volt/Ohms and the black
lead in the jack marked COM.
57.3 Ω 12V
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
± 40
REL ∆ Hz
Peak Min Max
Switch
Ω Open
---
mV
---
V mA - - -
A ~
~V 57.3 Ω
µA - - - ~
OFF ~
A mA µA COM V-Ω
400mA MAX
FUSED
10A MAX 1000V MAX
FUSED
NOTE: In the circuit under test in Fig. 2.3.14, the power source is
isolated from the circuit by "opening" the switch. It also, isolates
the resistor from any other path that may affect the accuracy of the
measurement.
Unit 2: Lesson 3 -1- Electrical Fundamentals
Name ______________________________
5 Volt 12 Volt
Power Supply Power Supply
5V 12V
FUSE FUSE
(7.5A) (7.5A)
Switch Switch
Submount Submount
R1 100 Ω R1 100 Ω
1/2 Watt 1/2 Watt
Submount Submount
(A) (B)
Tooling Required:
Lab Objective: Given a training aid, digital multimeter and pair of test leads, measure the current
flow and voltage drop in circuits labeled (A) and (B). Document the measurements and write a brief
summary explaining the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance when the circuit power is
increased from 5 volts to 12 volts..
Directions: Mount the fuse and switch submount and the 100 ohm resistor submount on the
electrical training aid. Connect the 5 volt power source to the submount circuitry.
Connect the 12 volt source to the circuit and repeat the measurements. Answer the following
questions.
Step #7: Write an explanation on the effects of current flow when voltage is increased and resistance
remains the same.
Explanation: