huyhoang

235 posts
#1 Jan 21, 2012, 10:06 am
Problem 1. Find all such that the following equations has natural solutions
:
Problem 2 (open problem of the previous problem). Consider the equation

a. Prove that if then the equation has no solution in .

b. Find all perfect square such that the equation has solution in .
Problem 3. Let be natural numbers such that Prove that
either or .
Problem 4. Prove that the following equation has no natural solution :

Problem 5. Prove that the equation has natural solution

iff can be represented as sum of two perfect squares.
ZKY

teps
131 posts
#2 Feb 23, 2012, 10:23 pm • 3 Y
For the first problem see here:
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=151&t=465179

3.
Suppose . And we can write the function as fallowing:

Let , and suppose there is .

From Vietas we have that:

From the first equation we get that is an integer, and from the second that it is
positive.
Now we have .
.

Suppose , that means that , a contradiction, so

That means , but notice that for we get FMID.

4.
Suppose .

Let , and suppose there is .

From Vietas we have that:

From the first equation we get that is an integer, and from the second that it is
positive.
Now we have .

. Again suppose
, a clear contradiction, which means .

For we get , absurd.

For we get , again absurd. Thus we conclude that there are no

positive integer solutions.

5.
Suppose .
.

Let , and suppose there is . From Vietas we get:

Now suppose , then we have that

, a clear contradiction, thus
we have .

Suppose
We are now left with the case

. Suppose
, we get a contradiction, thus .

For we get the previous case which has no solutions, thus we have
or .
ZKY
Amir Hossein
4737 posts
#3 Mar 2, 2012, 11:15 pm • 1 Y
I've posted some links here, see them.
ZKY

konica
17 posts
#4 Sep 4, 2012, 7:37 pm
teps wrote:
For the first problem see here:
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=151&t=465179

3.
Suppose . And we can write the function as fallowing:

Let , and suppose there is .

From Vietas we have that:

From the first equation we get that is an integer, and from the second that it is
positive.
Now we have .
.

Suppose , that means that , a contradiction, so

That means , but notice that for we get FMID.

4.
Suppose .

Let , and suppose there is .

From Vietas we have that:
 .

From the first equation we get that is an integer, and from the second that it is
positive.
Now we have .

. Again suppose
, a clear contradiction, which means .

For we get , absurd.

For we get , again absurd. Thus we conclude that there are no

positive integer solutions.

5.
Suppose .
.

Let , and suppose there is . From Vietas we get:

Now suppose , then we have that

, a clear contradiction, thus
we have .

Suppose
We are now left with the case

. Suppose
, we get a contradiction, thus .

For we get the previous case which has no solutions, thus we have
or .

I didn't understand why

ZKY

teps
131 posts
#5 Oct 13, 2012, 5:54 am • 1 Y
Because of the assumption that . Examining the function, . If
zeroes of this function are say and , and if ,and , then everything in
the interval: is negative, and everything else is positive.
Regarding the problem we have: , thus is positive.