LPG Energy Content (Btu/f3)

Minimum Maximum
Properties
C3H8 C4H10
Boiling point of liquid at atmospheric pressure (°F) -44 32
Specific Gravity of vapor (Air = 1) 1.53 2.00
Specific Gravity of liquid (Water = 1) 0.51 0.58
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/ft3) 2516 3280
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/gal) 91,690 102,032
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/lb) 21,591 21,221
Latent heat of vaporization (BTU/gal) 785 808
Liquid weight (lbs/gal) 4.24 4.81
Vapor volume from 1 gallon of liquid at 60 °F (ft3) 36.39 31.26
Vapor volume from 1 lb. of liquid at 60 °F (ft3) 8.547 6.506
Combustible limits % of gas in air (min - max) 2.4 - 9.6 1.9 - 8.6
Amount of air required to burn 1 cuft. of gas (ft3) 23.86 31.02
Ignition temperature in air (°F) 920 - 1020 900 - 1000
Maximum flame temperature in air (°F) 3595 3615
Octane Number >100 92

Estimated properties of mixtures in different proportions Propane : Buta

70:30 65:35

Specific Gravity of vapor (Air = 1) 1.67 1.69

Specific Gravity of liquid (Water = 1) 0.53 0.53
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/ft3) 2745.2 2783.4
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/gal) 94792.6 95309.7
Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/lb) 21480 21461.5
Latent heat of vaporization (BTU/gal) 791.9 793.05
Liquid weight (lbs/gal) 4.41 4.44
Vapor volume from 1 gallon of liquid at 60 °F (ft3) 34.85 34.59
Vapor volume from 1 lb. of liquid at 60 °F (ft3) 7.93 7.83

Gas throughput rate for 25 MMBTU/hr Plant (ft3/hr) 9106.80 8981.82

Gas throughput rate for 25 MMBTU/hr Plant (gal/hr) 263.73 262.30
Gas throughput rate for 25 MMBTU/hr Plant (lb/hr) 1163.87 1164.88

Synthetic Natural Gas

Scenario 1 - LPG: Air @ 55:45

Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/ft3) 1509.86 1530.87
Specific gravity 1.37 1.38
Gas throughput rate for 50 MMBTU/hr (ft3/hr) 33,115.65 32,661.17
LPG rate (ft3/hr) 18,213.61 17,963.64
Air rate (ft3/hr) 14,902.04 14,697.52

LPG liquid throughput rate (gal/hr) {pumping reqt} 525.09 528.99

Ideal Heat rate required for vaporization (MMBTU/hr) 0.42 0.42

Scenario 2 - LPG: Air @ 50:50

Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/ft3) 1372.6 1391.7
Specific gravity 1.34 1.35
Gas throughput rate for 50 MMBTU/hr (ft3/hr) 36,427.22 35,927.28
LPG rate (ft3/hr) 18,213.61 17,963.64
Air rate (ft3/hr) 18,213.61 17,963.64

LPG liquid throughput rate (gal/hr) {pumping reqt} 525.09 528.99

Ideal Heat rate required for vaporization (MMBTU/hr) 0.42 0.42

Scenario 3 - LPG:Air @ 45:55

Calorific value @ 60 °F (BTU/ft3) 1235.34 1252.53
Specific Gravity 1.30 1.31
Gas throughput rate for 50 MMBTU/hr (ft3/hr) 40,474.69 39,919.20
LPG rate (ft3/hr) 18,213.61 17,963.64
Air rate (ft3/hr) 22,261.08 21,955.56
Propane : Butane
60:40 55:45 50:50

1.72 1.74 1.77

0.54 0.54 0.55
2821.6 2859.8 2898
95826.8 96343.9 96861
21443 21424.5 21406
794.2 795.35 796.5
4.47 4.50 4.53
34.34 34.08 33.83
7.73 7.63 7.53

8860.22 8741.87 8626.64 pure lpg basis (bad)

260.89 259.49 258.10
1165.88 1166.89 1167.90
 1551.88 1572.89 1593.9
1.39 1.41 1.42
32,218.99 31,788.62 31,369.60
17,720.44 17,483.74 17,253.28 18,300 17,300 17800
14,498.54 14,304.88 14,116.32 250

532.94 536.95 541.02

0.42 0.43 0.43

1410.8 1429.9 1449

1.36 1.37 1.38
35,440.88 34,967.48 34,506.56
17,720.44 17,483.74 17,253.28 18,300 17,300 17800
17,720.44 17,483.74 17,253.28 308

532.94 536.95 541.02

0.42 0.43 0.43

1269.72 1286.91 1304.1

1.32 1.33 1.34
39,378.76 38,852.76 38,340.62
17,720.44 17,483.74 17,253.28 18,300 17,300 17800
21,658.32 21,369.02 21,087.34 372