VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN

By
Prof. G.Ragunath
Advantages of MOSFET over BJT
MOSFETs have higher input impedance than BJTs :
When designing voltage amplifiers it is desirable for the
input resistance to be as high as possible

MOSFETs can be made much smaller than BJTs :

Many more MOSFETs can be placed in a smaller area
than BJTs. For this reason MOSFETs form the bulk of the
transistors used in microchips and computer processors.

MOSFETs are also easier to manufacture than BJTs :

Because they take fewer steps to make and
symmetrical property.
Advantages of MOSFET over BJT
MOSFETs are less noisy than BJTs :
In an electronics context noise refers to random interference
in a signal. When a transistor is used to amplify a signal
the internal processes of the transistor will introduce some
of this random interference. BJTs generally introduce more
Noise into the signal than MOSFETs. This means MOSFETs
are more suitable for signal processing applications
or for voltage amplifiers.
Advantages of MOSFET over BJT
BJTs suffer from a property known as "thermal
runaway” : Thermal runaway happens because the
conductivity of a BJT increases with temperature.
Because transistors tend to heat up in proportion to
current flowing through them this means that the
conductivity and temperature of BJTs can increase
exponentially. This can damage the BJT and makes
designing circuits for BJTs more difficult. MOSFETs do not
suffer from thermal runaway.

Source: https://sciencing.com/advantages-mosfet-over-bjt-8756672.html
 History of MOSFET

The basic principle of this kind of transistor (JFET) was first

patented by Julius Edgar Lilienfeld in 1925.In 1959, Dawon
Kahng and Martin M. (John) Atalla at Bell Labs invented
the metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor
(MOSFET) as an offshoot to the patented FET design.
The earliest microprocessors starting in 1970 were all MOS
microprocessors i.e. fabricated entirely from PMOS logic or
fabricated entirely from NMOS logic. The most widely used
device in integrated circuit technology, the MOSFET has
profound impact on semiconductor electronics
superseded JFET making JFET obsolete.
 Features of MOSFET

The goal of digital designers is to make devices :

 consume less power
 Smaller size
 Fast operation
 Cheaper.
 MOSFETs satisfy above all.
 Question

Which mobile phone will you prefer ?

a) The battery drains in 5hrs
b) The battery drains in 10hrs
c) The battery drains in 2 days
d) The battery drains in 5 days
 Question

Which mobile phone will you buy ?

Assume area of the RAM is same
a) 1 GB RAM
b) 2 GB RAM
c) 4 GB RAM
d) 6 GB RAM
 Question

Which mobile phone will you buy ?

Assume features are same
a) Rs.10,000
b) Rs.11,000
c) Rs.11,500
d) Rs.8000
NMOS-FET (3 Terminals)
d/s
g – Gate terminal
g d – Drain terminal

s/d S – source terminal

d The arrow indicates

conventional current
g directions (from higher
potential to lower
s potential)
NMOS-FET (4 Terminals)

d/s
g Substrate / Body

s/d

d
g Substrate / Body

s
PMOS-FET

Substrate / Body