*41058* Reg. No.

Question Paper Code : 41058

M.E./M.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017

Elective
Energy Engineering
TE7001 – DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
(Common to M.E. Thermal Engineering)
(Regulations 2013)

Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks

Use of HMT Data Book and approved heat Exchanger Data Book
is allowed.

Answer ALL questions

PART – A (10×2=20 Marks)

1. Give some examples of regenerative heat exchanger.

2. Under what circumstances NTU method is preferred over LMTD method ?

3. Mention the role of pressure drop in heat exchanger design.

4. Classify the types of failures occurs in heat exchanger.

5. What do you mean by hydraulic diameter and its impact on heat exchanger ?

6. What is baffle cut ?

7. Reveal the performance influencing parameters of plate heat exchangers.

8. “Human lungs considered as compact heat exchangers” – Justify the statement

with valid reason.

9. Why condenser operations fail ? State any five reasons for the failures in the
operation of condenser.
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10. What is Nusselt’s idealized theory of condensation ?

PART – B (5×13=65 Marks)

11. a) A counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger is to heat the cold fluid from 30°C
to 65°C at a rate of 2 kg/s. The heat is to be accomplished by hot fluid available
at 100°C at a mass flow rate of 1 kg/s. The inner tube is thin-walled and has a
diameter of 1.5 cm. Specific heat of the hot fluid is 10 kJ/kgK and that of the cold
fluid is 5 kJ/kgK. If the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger is
640 W/m2 °C, determine the length of the heat exchanger required to achieve
the desired heating.

(OR)

b) Design a two pass shell and tube heat exchanger to supply vapour for the turbine
of an OTEC system based on standard power cycle is to generate 2 MW at
efficiency of 3%. Ocean water enters the tubes of the exchanger at 300 K and its
desired outlet temperature is 292 K. The working fluid of the power cycle is
evaporated in the tubes of the exchanger at its phase change temperature of
290 K and over all heat transfer coefficient is 1200 W/m2 K.

12. a) i) Explain the causes of fouling in a heat exchanger. How does fouling effect
heat transfer and pressure drop ? (8)

ii) What are the causes of development of stress in a heat exchanger and how
thermal stress can be minimized ? (5)

(OR)

b) List all the information you need to perform the stress analysis of a given heat
exchanger.

13. a) i) Discuss the impact of baffle plate for effective heat transfer in shell-and-tube
heat exchanger. (8)

ii) Discuss the need of Bell-Delaware method for shell-and-tube heat exchanger
analysis. (5)
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(OR)

b) In a shell and tube feed water heater, cold water at 15°C flowing at the rate of
180 kg/hr is preheated to 90°C by flue gases from 150°C flowing at the rate of
900 kg/hr. The water flows inside the copper tubes (di = 25 mm, Do = 32 mm)
having thermal conductivity kw = 381 W/mK. The heat transfer coefficients on
gas and water sides are 120 and 1200 W/m2K respectively. The fouling factor
on the water side is 0.002 m2K/W. Determine the flue gas outlet temperature,
the overall heat transfer coefficient based on the outside tube diameter and the
true mean temperature difference for heat transfer. Consider specific heats (Cp)
for flue gases and water as 1.05 and 4.19 J/gK respectively and the total tube
outside surface area as 5 m2. There are no fins inside or outside the tubes and
there is no fouling on the gas side.

14. a) i) Discuss the constructional details and working method of plate heat
exchangers with a neat diagram. (8)
ii) Write the merits and demerits of plate heat exchanger. (5)
(OR)
b) i) Air at 1 atm. and 400 K and with a velocity of U = 10 m/s flows across a

compact heat exchanger matrix. Calculate the heat transfer coefficient and
frictional pressure drop for the air side. The length of the matrix is 0.6 m.
(
= 0.534 and Dh = 0.3633 cm). (8)
ii) Discuss how pressure drop in compact heat exchangers are usually evaluated. (5)

15. a) i) Explain how the makeup water requirement is estimated from energy and
mass balance of a cooling tower. (8)
ii) Discuss how performance characteristics of cooling towers. (50)
(OR)
b) The condenser of a large steam power plant is a heat exchanger in which stem
is condensed to liquid water. Assume the condenser to be a shell-and-tube heat
exchanger consisting of a single shell and 30,000 tubes, each executing two
passes. The tubes are of thin wall construction with D = 25 mm and steam
condenses on their outer surface with an associated convection coefficient of
h0 = 11,000 W/m. K. The heat transfer rate that must be effected by the
exchanger is q = 2 × 109 W and this is accomplished by passing cooling water
through the tubes at a rate of 3 × 104 kg/sec. The water enters at 20°C while the
steam condenses at 50°C. What is the temperature of the cooling water emerging
from the condenser ? What is the required tube length L per pass ?
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PART – C (1×15=15 Marks)

16. a) Hot exhaust gases which enter a cross-flow heat exchanger at 300°C and leaves
at 100°C are used to heat water at a flow rate of 1 kg/s from 35 to 125°C. The
specific heat of the gas is 1000 J/kg.K and gas side U = 100 W/m2.K. Find the
required gas side surface area using the NTU method and LMTD method.
(OR)
b) A steam condenser consisting of a square array of 2000 horizontal tubes, each
6 mm in diameter, is installed at the exhaust hood of a steam turbine. The
tubes are exposed to saturated steam at a pressure of 15 KPa. If the surface
temperature is maintained at 50°C. Calculate i) the heat transfer coefficient
ii) the rate at which steam is condensed per unit length of tubes.
Assume film condensation on the tubes and absence of non-condensable gases.

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