General Studies Manual

for
UPSC and State Public Services
Examinations
2014

Indian Economy
Module-8: Cotton, Jute, Wool, Sericulture, Handloom and Handicrafts
sector


www.gktoday.in

First Published in 2010

Last Updated: November 2013

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved

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Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

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CP[ KPHQTOCVKQP RTQXKFGF KP VJKU RWDNKECVKQP
  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

Contents
Chapter 1. Cotton & Cotton Textile Industry........................................................................... 3
Basics................................................................................................................................... 3
Facts and Figures................................................................................................................. 3
Contribution to Indian Economy .......................................................................................... 3
Current Production Trends.......................................................................................... 4
Varieties and Producing areas.................................................................................... 5
Cotton Corporation of India................................................................................................. 6
Bt Cotton .................................................................................................................... 6
Extent of Use ....................................................................................................................... 7
Rationale ............................................................................................................................. 7
Introduction in India ............................................................................................................ 7
Biosafety assessment by Government / Mahyco..................................................................8
Controversy ......................................................................................................................... 9
Analysing the reasons of distress among farmers ...............................................................9
Organic Cotton ......................................................................................................... 11
Chapter 2. Jute Sector .......................................................................................................... 12
Basic Production Data ....................................................................................................... 13
National Jute Policy........................................................................................................... 14
International Jute Study Group ......................................................................................... 14
Jute Technology Mission (JTM) ........................................................................................... 14
Jute Packaging Norms and Legal Protection to Jute Cultivators .......................................14
Chapter 3. Sericulture Sector................................................................................................ 15
Central Silk Board ............................................................................................................. 15
National Silkworm Seed Organisation, Bangalore ............................................................15
Silk Mark............................................................................................................................ 16
Sericulture in RKVY ............................................................................................................ 16
Chapter 4. Wool Sector ........................................................................................................ 16
Only Natural Fiber in which India is Deficient ....................................................................16
Production Status: ............................................................................................................. 17
Central Wool Development Board..................................................................................... 17
Integrated Wool Improvement and Development Programme (IWIDP) .............................17
Sheep & Wool Improvement Scheme (SWIS) ......................................................................17
Sheep Breeders Insurance Scheme..................................................................................... 17
Sheep Insurance Scheme: .................................................................................................. 17
Chapter 5. Handloom Sector ................................................................................................ 18
Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana.............................................................................. 18
Handloom Mark................................................................................................................. 18
Handloom Marketing Complex .......................................................................................... 18
Sant Kabir Award .............................................................................................................. 18
Comprehensive Powerloom, Handloom and Handicraft Cluster Development Schemes ...19
Chapter 6. Handicrafts Sector .............................................................................................. 19
Indian Institutes of Handloom Technology (IIHTS) .............................................................19
Crafts Museum................................................................................................................... 20
Handloom Export Promotion Council (HEPC) .....................................................................20
Handloom Export Zone (HEZ)............................................................................................. 20
Handicraft Museum - Gondamunda, Odisha.....................................................................20
Chapter 7. Textile Sector : Miscellaneous notes ...................................................................20
Integrated Handloom Development Scheme: ....................................................................20
Revival Reforms and Restructuring package for Handlooms:............................................20
Current Development of Mega Clusters ............................................................................. 21
Technology Up-gradation Fund
Member Name: sunil kumar Scheme(TUFS)..................................................................21
Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

Cotton Corporation of India............................................................................................... 21

Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks(SITP): ........................................................................21
Scheme for Usage of Geotextiles in North Eastern Region .................................................21
Scheme for Promoting of Agro textiles in North Eastern Region........................................21


© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

2|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

Chapter 1. Cotton & Cotton Textile Industry

Basics
 ‘––‘ ™ƒ• ˆ‹”•– …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡† ͹ǡͲͲͲ ›‡ƒ”• ƒ‰‘ „› –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ‘ˆ †—• ƒŽŽ‡› …‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ
˜‹†‡…‡ ‘ˆ …‘––‘ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• „‡‡ ˆ‘—† ƒ– –Š‡ •‹–‡ ‘ˆ ‡Š”‰ƒ”Šǡ ™Š‡”‡ ‡ƒ”Ž› …‘––‘
–Š”‡ƒ†•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡’”‡•‡”˜‡†‹…‘’’‡”„‡ƒ†•Ǥ
 ‘––‘ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ „‡…ƒ‡ ‘”‡ ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ †—• ƒŽŽ‡› ‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹…Š
…‘˜‡”‡†ƒŠ—‰‡•™ƒ–Š‘ˆ–Š‡‘”–Š-™‡•–‡”’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‘—–Š•‹ƒǡ…‘’”‹•‹‰–‘†ƒ›’ƒ”–•‘ˆ
‡ƒ•–‡”ƒ‹•–ƒƒ†‘”–Š-™‡•–‡”†‹ƒǤ
 Š‡ †—• …‘––‘ ‹†—•–”› ™ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ƒ† •‘‡ ‡–Š‘†• —•‡† ‹ …‘––‘ •’‹‹‰
ƒ† ˆƒ„”‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‘–‹—‡† –‘ „‡ —•‡† —–‹Ž –Š‡ ‘†‡” ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ƒǤ ‡–™‡‡
ʹͲͲͲ ƒ† ͳͲͲͲ  …‘––‘ „‡…ƒ‡ ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† ‹ —…Š ‘ˆ †‹ƒǤ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‹– Šƒ• „‡‡
ˆ‘—† ƒ– –Š‡ •‹–‡ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ—• ‹ ƒ”ƒ–ƒƒ ƒ”‘—† ͳͲͲͲ Ǥ Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ …‘––‘ –‡š–‹Ž‡• Šƒ†
•’”‡ƒ†ˆ”‘†‹ƒ–‘–Š‡‡†‹–‡””ƒ‡ƒƒ†„‡›‘†Ǥ
 Š‡ ‘––‘Ȁ ƒ-ƒ†‡ ˆ‹„‡” –‡š–‹Ž‡ ‹†—•–”› ‹• –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡•– organized industry ‹ –Š‡
…‘—–”›‹–‡”•‘ˆ‡’Ž‘›‡–ƒ†—„‡”‘ˆ—‹–•Ǥ
Facts and Figures
 †‹ƒ‹•ˆ‹”•–…‘—–”›‹–Š‡™‘”†‹–‡”•‘ˆ…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡ƒƒ† •‡…‘†‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†‹
–‡”• ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ǡ ‡š– –‘ Š‹ƒǤ †‹ƒ Šƒ• ƒ”‡ƒ —†‡” …‘––‘ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ”ƒ‰‹‰
„‡–™‡‡ ͳͳͲ –‘ ͳʹͳ ŽƒŠ Š‡…–ƒ”‡• ƒ† …‘•–‹–—–‡• ƒ”‘—† ʹͷΨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘–ƒŽ ƒ”‡ƒ —†‡”
‘––‘ —Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǥ —– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ƒ”‘—† ͸ͷΨ ‹• ”ƒ‹ˆ‡† ƒ”‡ƒ ƒ† ”‡ƒ‹‹‰
ƒ”‘—†͵ͷΨ‹•‹””‹‰ƒ–‡†ƒ”‡ƒǤ‘––‘‹•ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–”ƒ‹ˆ‡†…”‘’‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›Ǥ
 TŠ‡ Žƒ”‰‡•– ’”‘†—…‡”• ‘ˆ …‘––‘ ƒ”‡ Š‹ƒ ƒ† †‹ƒǡ ™‹–Š ƒ—ƒŽ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ„‘—– ͵Ͷ
‹ŽŽ‹‘„ƒŽ‡•ƒ†ʹ͹‹ŽŽ‹‘„ƒŽ‡•ǡ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡Ž›(2009)Ǣ‘•–‘ˆ–Š‹•’”‘†—…–‹‘‹•…‘•—‡†
domesticallyǤŠ‡Žƒ”‰‡•–‡š’‘”–‡”•‘ˆ”ƒ™…‘––‘is–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•Ǥ
Contribution to Indian Economy
 †‹ƒ‹•™‘”Ž†ǯ•Žƒ”‰‡•–…‘––‘‡š’‘”–‡”ƒˆ–‡” ‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ǤʹͲͳʹǡ†‹ƒ̵•…‘––‘‡š’‘”–•
…”‘••‡†ͳͲͲŽƒŠ„ƒŽ‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ‹”•––‹‡ǡƒ”‹‰ƒ‡›‹Ž‡•–‘‡‹–Š‡…‘—–”›̵••‡˜‡›‡ƒ”
Œ‘—”‡›ˆ”‘‡–‹’‘”–‡”–‘–Š‡™‘”Ž†̵••‡…‘†Žƒ”‰‡•–‡š’‘”–‡”™‹–Š–Š‡…Š‡ƒ’‡•–…‘––‘Ǥ
†‹ƒ ™ƒ• ƒ ‡– ‹’‘”–‡” —–‹Ž ͸ͶͶ͹-04 ƒˆ–‡” ™Š‹…Š ‡– ‡š’‘”–• –—”‡† ’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ǥ Š‹• ™ƒ•
ƒ‹Ž› †—‡ –‘ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› ȋ …‘––‘Ȍ ™Š‹…Š ‹…”‡ƒ•‡† ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ†
Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡š’‘”–™Š‹…Š’”‘˜‹†‡†–Š‡ƒ”‡–ˆ‘”‹…”‡ƒ•‡†‘—–’—–Ǥ
 Š‡ƒŒ‘”•—„-•‡…–‘”•–Šƒ–…‘’”‹•‡†‹ƒǯ•text‹Ž‡••‡…–‘”‹…Ž—†‡ǣ
o ”‰ƒ‹œ‡†‘––‘Ȁƒ-ƒ†‡ ‹„‡”‡š–‹Ž‡•‹ŽŽ†—•–”›
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

o Man-ƒ†‡ ‹„”‡Ȁ ‹Žƒ‡–ƒ”†—•–”›

o ‘‘Žƒ†‘‘Ž‡‡š–‹Ž‡•†—•–”›
o ‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†‹Ž‡š–‹Ž‡•†—•–”›

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

3|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

o ƒ†Ž‘‘•ǡƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–•ǡ
o
—–‡ƒ†
—–‡‡š–‹Ž‡•†—•–”›
o TextilesExports.
 ‘––‘ ‹• †‹ƒ̵• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ …”‘’ ‹ †‹ƒǤ ‘––‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡• †‹”‡…– ‡’Ž‘›‡– –‘
ƒ”‘—† ͸Ͳ ƒŠ ˆƒ”‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ† ’”‘˜‹†‡• ‹†‹”‡…– ‡’Ž‘›‡– ‹ …‘––‘
”‡Žƒ–‡† ‹†—•–”› –‘ ƒ”‘—† Ͷ-ͷ ”‘”‡ ‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ ‘––‘ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡•– ˆ‘”‡‹‰
‡š…Šƒ‰‡‡ƒ”‡”…‘‘†‹–‹‡•‘ˆ†‹ƒǤ
 ’ƒ”– ˆ”‘ ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „ƒ•‹… ‡…‡••‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ –Š‡ –‡š–‹Ž‡ ‹†—•–”› ƒŽ•‘ ’Žƒ›• ƒ
’‹˜‘–ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ –Š”‘—‰Š ‹–• …‘–”‹„—–‹‘ –‘ ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ ‘—–’—–ǡ ‡’Ž‘›‡– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡
‡š’‘”– ‡ƒ”‹‰• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”›Ǥ – …‘–”‹„—–‡• ƒ„‘—– ͳͶΨ –‘ –Š‡ ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ǡ
ͶΨ–‘–Š‡
ƒ†ͳͶǤͶʹΨ–‘–Š‡…‘—–”›̵•‡š’‘”–‡ƒ”‹‰•ǤȋŽŽ†ƒ–ƒƒ”‡ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ȍ
Current Production Trends
  ʹͲͳʹ-13ǡ –Š‡ –‘–ƒŽ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘––‘ ™ƒ• ‡•–‹ƒ–‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ”‘—† ͵ͷͶǤʹͷ ŽƒŠ „ƒŽ‡•ǡ
ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‘––‘••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ†‹ƒǤŠ‡
’”‘Œ‡…–‡†„ƒŽƒ…‡•Š‡‡–†”ƒ™„›ˆ‘”–Š‡
›‡ƒ” ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵ ‡•–‹ƒ–‡† –Š‡ –‘–ƒŽ …‘––‘
•—’’Ž› ƒ– Ͷͳ͹ǤͶ͸ ŽƒŠ „ƒŽ‡• ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡
†‘‡•–‹… …‘•—’–‹‘ ‹• ‡•–‹ƒ–‡† ƒ– ʹ͸͸
ŽƒŠ „ƒŽ‡•ǡ –Š—• Ž‡ƒ˜‹‰ ƒ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ •—”’Ž—•
Open General License
Please note that Open General License was a license given in
1970s and 1980s and it was used to monitor freely imported
and exported commodities. Today OGL as such does not
exist; still the term is used for items on which there is no
restriction of import and export. All items and the sensitive
import items are monitored by Directorate General of
Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S), Kolkata,
‘ˆͳͷͳǤͶ͸ŽƒŠ„ƒŽ‡•Ǥ†‹ƒ‹•ƒ‘––‘•—”’Ž—• without the need of a separate licence. Today's the
ƒ†ƒ”•—”’Ž—•…‘—–”›Ǥ importability or the exportability of items in India has three
categories viz. Prohibited items, Restricted items and freely

‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ †‹ƒ Šƒ† Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ‹œ‡† ”ƒ™ importable.
…‘––‘ ‡š’‘”–• •‹…‡
—Ž› ʹͲͲͳǡ †‹•’‡•‹‰
™‹–Š–Š‡•›•–‡‘ˆƒŽŽ‘…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘––‘‡š’‘”–“—‘–ƒ
‹ ˆƒ˜‘—” ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ƒ† –”ƒ†‡”•Ǥ š’‘”–•
‘ˆ …‘––‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ”‡ —†‡” ’‡
‡‡”ƒŽ
‹…‡•‡ȋ
Ȍ•‹…‡
—Ž›ʹͲͲͳǤ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹–Šƒ•„‡‡
•—„Œ‡…– –‘ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‘–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‹••—‡† „› –Š‡
‰‘˜‡”‡––‹‡–‘–‹‡Ǥ
 Š‹• ›‡ƒ”ǡ –Š‡ ‘––‘ ‡š’‘”–• ˆ”‘ †‹ƒ …ƒ‡ –‘ ƒ
ŠƒŽ– ƒ• …‘––‘ ’”‹…‡• Šƒ˜‡ –—”‡† —˜‹ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘”
‡š’‘”–•Ǥ ”‹…‡• ‹ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ƒ”‡– ƒ”‡ ”—Ž‹‰ Ž‘™‡”
–Šƒ’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‹‰‹†‹ƒƒ†‡š’‘”–•‘ˆ…‘––‘ƒ”‡–
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ› Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ •Ž‘™‡† †‘™ ‹ ”‡…‡– ’ƒ•–Ǥ

†‹ƒ Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ •‡‡ ƒ •–‡‡’ ˆƒŽŽ ‹ †‘‡•–‹… …‘––‘ ’”‹…‡• –Š‹• ›‡ƒ”Ǥ  ‘˜‡„‡” ʹͲͳʹǡ –Š‡
‰‘˜‡”‡– •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– ‹– ™‹ŽŽ ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž› ’”‘…—”‡ ƒ”‘—† ͻ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ „ƒŽ‡• ‘ˆ …‘––‘ ȋʹ͹Ψ ‘ˆ –Š‡
–‘–ƒŽ…‘––‘’”‘†—…‡†Ȍˆ”‘ˆƒ”‡”•ȋͳ„ƒŽ‡αͳ͹Ͳ‹Ž‘‰”ƒ•ȌǤŠ‹•†‡…‹•‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡–ƒ‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•–

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

4|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

–Š‡ •—††‡ ƒ† •Šƒ”’ ˆƒŽŽ ‹ †‘‡•–‹… …‘––‘ ’”‹…‡• –‘  Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‹ •‘‡ ’Žƒ…‡• Ž‹‡ †Š”ƒ
”ƒ†‡•Šǡ ƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡ —Œƒ„ǡ ƒŒƒ•–Šƒ ƒ† ƒ†Š›ƒ ”ƒ†‡•ŠǤ ‡•’‹–‡ ƒ ͷǤͳΨ ˆƒŽŽ ‹ …‘––‘
’”‘†—…–‹‘ –Š‹• ›‡ƒ” ƒ– ͵͵ǤͶ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ „ƒŽ‡•ǡ †‘‡•–‹… ’”‹…‡• Šƒ˜‡ •Š”— „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ ™‡ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ
’”‹…‡•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ƒ•Šƒ”’†‡…Ž‹‡‹‰Ž‘„ƒŽ–”ƒ†‡ƒ†‹…”‡ƒ•‡‹™‘”Ž†•–‘…•Ǥ
Varieties and Producing areas
 †‹ƒ‹•–Š‡‘Ž›…‘—–”›‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†™Š‹…Š‰”‘™•ƒŽŽ–Š‡Ͷ•’‡…‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘––‘…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†Ǥ
Š‡•‡•’‡…‹‡•ƒ”‡
o
‘••›’‹—ƒ”„‘”‡—ȋ•‹ƒ‘––‘Ȍ
o
‘••›’‹—Š‡”„ƒ…‡—ȋ•‹ƒ…‘––‘Ȍǡ
o
Ǥ„ƒ”„ƒ†‡•‡ȋ‰›’–‹ƒ…‘––‘Ȍ
o
ǤŠ‹”•—–—ȋ‡”‹…ƒ’Žƒ†…‘–ton)
 —–‘ˆƒ„‘—–ͷͲ•’‡…‹‡•‘ˆ…‘––‘’Žƒ–•‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†ǡ‘Ž›ƒ„‘˜‡ˆ‘—”Šƒ˜‡„‡‡†‘‡•–‹…ƒŽŽ›
…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†ˆ‘”…‘––‘ˆ‹„”‡•Ǥ

‘••›’‹—Š‹”•—–—ƒ†
‘••›’‹—„ƒ”„ƒ†‡•‡ƒ”‡–Š‡‘•–…‘‘Ž›…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†•’‡…‹‡•‘ˆ
…‘––‘ ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǥ
‘••›’‹— Š‹”•—–—m ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘––‘ǡ
ƒ……‘—–‹‰ˆ‘”‘”‡–ŠƒͻͲΨ‘ˆ™‘”Ž†ˆ‹„”‡’”‘†—…–‹‘Ǥ
 ‘‰ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ˆ‘—”ǡ –™‘ ƒ”‡ †‹’Ž‘‹† ȋ
‘••›’‹— ƒ”„‘”‡— ƒ†
 Š‡”„ƒ…‡—Ȍ ƒ† –Š‡
‘–Š‡” –™‘ –‡–”ƒ’Ž‘‹† ȋ
 Š‹”•—–— and
 „ƒ”„ƒ†‡•‡ȌǤ †‹ƒ ‹• –Š‡ ‘Ž› …‘—–”› –‘ ‰”‘™ ƒŽŽ
ˆ‘—”•’‡…‹‡•‘ˆ…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†…‘––‘ǤŠ‡†‹’Ž‘‹†•’‡…‹‡•”‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘ƒ•–Š‡Ǯ‡•‹ǯ…‘––‘ǡŠƒ˜‹‰
Ž‘™ ’”‘†—…–‹˜‹–› ƒ† Ž‘™ “—ƒŽ‹–› …‘––‘ǡ …‘–”‹„—–‡• ʹͷ - ͵ͲΨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ’”‘†—…–‹‘Ǥ
Š‡–‡–”ƒ’Ž‘‹†•˜ƒ”‹‡–›…‘–”‹„—–‡•”‡ƒ‹‹‰͹ͲΨ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘––‘’”‘†—…–‹‘‹†‹ƒǤŠ‡•‡
˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•Šƒ˜‡ˆ‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–›ˆ‹„”‡ǡƒ†ƒ”‡‘”ƒŽŽ›—•‡†„›–Š‡–‡š–‹Ž‡‹†—•–”›Ǥ
 Apƒ”–ˆ”‘–Šƒ–ǡŠ›„”‹†…‘––‘‹•’”‘†—…‡†ˆ”‘…”‘••‹‰–‡–”ƒ’Ž‘‹†•’‡…‹‡•
Š‹”•—–—ƒ”‡
ƒŽ•‘…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†‹–Š‡…‡–”ƒŽƒ†•‘—–Š‡”œ‘‡•Ǥ
 Š‡ ’Žƒ–‹‰ ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ …‘––‘ ‘”ƒŽŽ› ‹• ˆ”‘ ƒ”…Š –‘ ‡’–‡„‡”ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ Šƒ”˜‡•–‹‰
’‡”‹‘† ‹• ˆ”‘ …–‘„‡” –‘ ‡„”—ƒ”›Ǥ Š‡ ’‡ƒ ƒ”‡–‹‰ •‡ƒ•‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ …”‘’ ‹• †—”‹‰
‘˜‡„‡”–‘ƒ”…ŠǤ
 Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ‹Ž› –Š”‡‡ …‘––‘-’”‘†—…‹‰
œ‘‡•‹†‹ƒviz. India’s Largest Cotton Producing States
Gujarat 7.99
o ‘”–Š‡” œ‘‡ ȋ‹”•—–— ƒ† Maharashtra 5.86
”„‘”‡— ‘‡•Ȍǡ …‘’”‹•‹‰ —Œƒ„ǡ Andhra Pradesh 3.23
All - India 24.02
ƒ”›ƒƒƒ†ƒŒƒ•–ŠƒǤ
Data : Million Bales of 170 Kg each. Source: Indian Agriculture Data 2011
o ‡–”ƒŽ œ‘‡ ȋ‹”•—–—ǡ ”„‘”‡—ǡ
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

‡”„ƒ…‡— ƒ† ›„”‹† ‘‡•Ȍǡ …‘’”‹•‹‰ ƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡ ƒ†Š›ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Š ƒ†

Gujarat.
o ‘—–Š‡” œ‘‡ ȋ‹”•—–—ǡ ”„‘”‡—ǡ ‡”„ƒ…‡—ǡ ƒ”„ƒ†‡•‡ ƒ† ›„”‹† ‘‡•Ȍ
…‘’”‹•‹‰†Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•Šǡƒ”ƒ–ƒƒƒ†ƒ‹Žƒ†—Ǥ

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  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

„‘—–͹ͲΨ‘ˆ–‘–ƒŽ…‘––‘ƒ”‡’”‘†—…‡†‹
—Œƒ”ƒ–ǡƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒƒ††Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•ŠǤŠ‡‘”–Š‡”
”‡‰‹‘ ’”‘†—…‡• •Š‘”– ƒ† ‡†‹— •–ƒ’Ž‡ …‘––‘Ǣ –Š‡ •‘—–Š‡” ”‡‰‹‘ ‘”ƒŽŽ› ’”‘†—…‡• Ž‘‰
•–ƒ’Ž‡•…‘––‘ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡…‡–”ƒŽ”‡‰‹‘’”‘†—…‡•Ž‘‰ƒ†‡†‹—•–ƒ’Ž‡•Ǥ
ƒ‡• ‘ˆ ‘‡ ‘’—Žƒ” ›„”‹† ƒ”‹‡–‹‡• ‘ˆ ‘––‘ǣ ••ƒ ‘‹ŽŽƒǡ ‡‰ƒŽ ‡•‹ǡ ƒ›ƒ†Šƒ”ǡ
ƒ”ƒ–Š™ƒ†ƒ Ƭ Šƒ†‡•Š ǡ
Š—”ƒ”ǡ —› ”ƒŠƒǡ
”ƒŠƒǡ—›ǡ—˜‹Ǥ
Cotton Corporation of
India
‘––‘ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ
†‹ƒ ™ƒ• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹
1970 —†‡” ‘’ƒ‹‡•
…– ͳͻͷ͸Ǥ –̵• ƒ

‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ †‹ƒ̵•
…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ƒ‰‡…›ǡ‡‰ƒ‰‡†
‹ †‹˜‡”•‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•
”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –”ƒ†‡ǡ
’”‘…—”‡‡–ǡ ƒ† ‡š’‘”– ‘ˆ …‘––‘Ǥ  ‹• ‰‘˜‡”‡† „› ‡š–‹Ž‡ ‘Ž‹…› ͳͻͺͷ ‹••—‡† „› ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ
‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ
‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ †‹ƒǤ  ‘’‡”ƒ–‡• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ •–ƒ–‡• ƒ• ‘ˆ ‘™ - —Œƒ„ǡ ƒ”›ƒƒǡ
ƒŒƒ•–Šƒǡ
—Œƒ”ƒ–ǡ ƒŠƒ”ƒ•–”ƒǡ ƒ†Š›ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ ƒ”ƒ–ƒƒ ǡ ƒ‹Ž ƒ†— ƒ†
Orissa.
Bt Cotton
– ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ bacterium
ƒ…‹ŽŽ—• –Š—”‹‰‹‡•‹• ™Š‹…Š Genes and Proteins in Bt Cotton
Bt cotton, a transgenic plant which produces an insect controlling protein
ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ› ’”‘†—…‡• ƒ …Š‡‹…ƒŽ Cry1A(c), the gene for which has been derived from the naturally occurring
bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (B.t.k.). The cotton hybrids
Šƒ”ˆ—Ž ‘Ž› –‘ ƒ •ƒŽŽ ˆ”ƒ…–‹‘
containing Bt gene produces its own toxin for bollworm attack thus
‘ˆ ‹•‡…–•ǡ ‘•– ‘–ƒ„Ž› –Š‡ significantly reducing chemical insecticide use and providing a major benefit
to cotton growers and the environment.
Žƒ”˜ƒ‡ ‘ˆ ‘–Š• ƒ† „—––‡”ˆŽ‹‡•ǡ Please note that Bt cotton contains the three genes inserted via genetic
„‡‡–Ž‡•ǡƒ†ˆŽ‹‡•ǡƒ†Šƒ”Ž‡••–‘ engineering techniques. These are Cry1Ac, NPTII and AAD. The Cry1Ac gene,
which encodes for an insecticidal protein, Cry1Ac, derived from the common
‘–Š‡” ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ Ž‹ˆ‡Ǥ ‘ ’”‘†—…‡ soil microbe Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (B.t.k.). The NPTII gene
–Š‡
 ‘––‘ǡ –Š‡ ‰‡‡ …‘†‹‰ and the AAD gene aencode for the NPTII and AAD proteins and they are used
as a selectable marker and have no pesticidal activity and are not known to be
ˆ‘” – –‘š‹ (Cry-1-ƒ…Ȍ Šƒ• „‡‡ toxic to any species.
‹•‡”–‡† ‹–‘ …‘––‘ǡ …ƒ—•‹‰
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142
…‘––‘ –‘ ’”‘†—…‡ –Š‹• ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡ ‹ ‹–• –‹ssuesǤ › –Š‹•ǡ –Š‡ Žƒ”˜ƒ‡ ƒ”‡ ‹ŽŽ‡† „› –Š‡ –
’”‘–‡‹‹–Š‡
…‘––‘–Š‡›‡ƒ–ǤŠ‹•‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡•–Š‡‡‡†–‘—•‡Žƒ”‰‡ƒ‘—–•‘ˆ„”‘ƒ†-•’‡…–”—
‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡•–‘‹ŽŽ˜ƒ”‹‘—•’‡•–‹…‹†‡•Ǥ

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  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

Extent of Use
 Bt …‘––‘ ™ƒ• ’Žƒ–‡† ‘ ƒ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ ʹͷ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ Š‡…–ƒ”‡• ‹ ʹͲͳͳǤ Š‹• ™ƒ• ͸ͻΨ ‘ˆ –Š‡
™‘”Ž†™‹†‡ –‘–ƒŽ ƒ”‡ƒ ’Žƒ–‡† ‹ …‘––‘Ǥ
 …‘––‘ ƒ…”‡ƒ‰‡ ‹ †‹ƒ ‰”‡™ ƒ– ƒ ”ƒ’‹† ”ƒ–‡ǡ
‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ˆ”‘ͷͲǡͲͲͲŠ‡…–ƒ”‡•‹ʹͲͲʹ–‘ͳͲǤ͸‹ŽŽ‹‘Š‡…–ƒ”‡•‹ʹͲͳͳǤ
 Š‡–‘–ƒŽ…‘––‘ƒ”‡ƒ‹†‹ƒ™ƒ•ͳʹǤͳ‹ŽŽ‹‘Š‡…–ƒ”‡•‹ʹͲͳͳǡ•‘
…‘––‘™ƒ•‰”‘™‘
ͺͺΨ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘––‘ƒ”‡ƒǤŠ‹•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ–Š‡…‘—–”›™‹–Š–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡•–ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆ
…‘––‘‹–Š‡
™‘”Ž†ǤŠ‡ǤǤ
…‘––‘…”‘’™ƒ•ͶǤͲ‹ŽŽ‹‘Š‡…–ƒ”‡•‹ʹͲͳͳ–Š‡•‡…‘†Žƒ”‰‡•–ƒ”‡ƒ‹
–Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ǡ –Š‡ Š‹‡•‡
 …‘––‘ …”‘’ ™ƒ• –Š‹”† Žƒ”‰‡•– „› ƒ”‡ƒ ™‹–Š ͵Ǥͻ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ Š‡…–ƒ”‡•
ƒ† ƒ‹•–ƒ Šƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‘—”–Š Žƒ”‰‡•–
 …‘––‘ …”‘’ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ ʹǤ͸ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ Š‡…–ƒ”‡• ‹ ʹͲͳͳǤ
—•–”ƒŽ‹ƒ‹•–Š‡…‘—–”›™‹–Š–Š‡ˆ‹ˆ–ŠŽƒ”‰‡•–
…‘––‘…”‘’‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†Ǥ
 –Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡• —•‹‰
 …‘––‘ ƒ”‡ ”‰‡–‹ƒǡ ›ƒƒ”ǡ —”‹ƒ ƒ•‘ǡ ”ƒœ‹Žǡ ‡š‹…‘ǡ
‘Ž‘„‹ƒǡ‘—–Šˆ”‹…ƒƒ†‘•–ƒ‹…ƒǤ
Rationale
 Rƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡ „‡Š‹†
 •‡‡†• ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ …‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‘†• ‘ˆ „”‡‡†‹‰ –Šƒ– „”‘—‰Š– –Š‡

”‡‡ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ Šƒ† Š‹– ƒ ’Žƒ–‡ƒ—Ǥ Eš…‡••‹˜‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‡”–‹Ž‹•‡”• ƒ† ™ƒ–‡” Šƒ• Ž‡† –‘ •‘‹Ž
†‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ǡ•ƒŽ‹‹–›ƒ†ƒŽƒŽ‹‹–›Ǥ
 ‘ǡ–Š‡
•‡‡†•™‹–Šˆ—”–Š‡”“—ƒŽ‹–›‹’”‘˜‡‡–•™‡”‡•‡‡ƒ•ƒ•‘Ž—–‹‘Ǥ–Š‡””‡ƒ•‘•
…‹–‡† ™‡”‡ –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ ˆƒ”‡”ǯ• ‡– ‹…‘‡ „› ”‡†—…‹‰ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ …‘•–• ƒ† ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰
‘—–’—–Ǥ
Introduction in India
ŽŽ –”ƒ•‰‡‹… …”‘’• ‹ †‹ƒ ”‡“—‹”‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ …Ž‡ƒ”ƒ…‡ —†‡” ͳͻͺͻ Dz—Ž‡• ˆ‘” ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡ǡ
•‡ǡ ’‘”–ǡ š’‘”– ƒ† •–‘”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ Šƒœƒ”†‘—• ‹…”‘‘”‰ƒ‹••Ȁ
‡‡–‹…ƒŽŽ› ‰‹‡‡”‡† ”‰ƒ‹••
‘” ‡ŽŽ•dz ‘–‹ˆ‹‡† —†‡” –Š‡ ˜‹”‘‡– ȋ”‘–‡…–‹‘Ȍ …–ǡ ͳͻͺ͸Ǥ ‹…‡ – …‘––‘ ‹• ƒ ‰‡‡–‹…ƒŽŽ›
‘†‹ˆ‹‡†’Žƒ–ǡ‹–™ƒ•‡˜‡”…Ž‡ƒ”™Š‡–Š‡”‹–™ƒ••ƒˆ‡
‘”‘–ǤŠ‡‹‹–‹ƒŽˆ‘”ƒŽ•‡…–‘”•–—†‹‡•…‘†—…–‡†„›
–Š‡ †—•–”› ƒ†
‘˜‡”‡– ‘•– Ž‹‡Ž› ˆ‘—† –Š‡
’‘•‹–‹˜‡ ƒ‰”‘-‡…‘‘‹… ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘ˆ – ‘––‘Ǥ Š‡•‡
•–—†‹‡• ™‡”‡ ”‡’‘”–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡– ˆ”‘
‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽŽ›•ƒ…–‹‘‡†ˆ‹‡Ž†–”‹ƒŽ•‘ˆ–…‘––‘ǤŠ‡•–—†‹‡•™‡”‡…‘ˆ‹”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡•‘ˆ–Š‡–
‘––‘–Šƒ–‹–”‡•—Ž–‡†‹‹…”‡ƒ•‡†›‹‡Ž†„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ•—’‡”‹‘”„‘ŽŽ™‘”…‘–”‘ŽǢ„”‹‰‹‰†‘™…‘•–
‘ˆ„‘ŽŽ™‘”…‘–”‘Žƒ†–Š‡”‡„›”ƒ‹•‹‰–Š‡‡–‹…‘‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ”‡”•Ǥ
Š—•ǡ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆ–‘––‘™ƒ•‰”ƒ–‡†‹ƒ”…ŠʹͲͲʹǡ–Š—•–‘––‘became–Š‡ˆ‹”•–

cropƒ’’”‘˜‡†‹India. ƒŠ›…‘„‡…ƒ‡–Š‡ˆ‹”•–†‹ƒ…‘’ƒ›–‘…‘‡”…‹ƒŽ‹œ‡–”ƒ•‰‡‹……‘––‘
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

Š›„”‹†•‹†‹ƒ‹͸ͶͶ͸Ǥ
‘‡”…‹ƒŽ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ‹ – …‘––‘ ™ƒ• Žƒ—…Š‡† ‹ ‹š –ƒ–‡• ˜‹œǤ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ
—Œƒ”ƒ–ǡ
ƒ”ƒ–ƒƒǡƒ†Š›ƒ”ƒ†‡•ŠǡƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡƒ‹Žƒ†—Ǥ

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  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

Š‡
Šƒ†ƒ……‘”†‡†…‘†‹–‹‘ƒŽƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽˆ‘”
‹–”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ – …‘––‘ Š›„”‹†• ƒ‡Ž› MECH
The natural gene cry 1ac has been further modified by
ͳ͸ʹǡͳͺͶǡͳʹƒˆ–‡” Monsanto Inc., USA. The transgenic cotton varieties
†‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘–Š‡‡ˆˆ‹…ƒ…›ƒ†•ƒˆ‡–›‘ˆ containing this improved gene have been branded
''Bollgard'' by Mahyco. Mahyco has produced Bt cotton
–Š‡ ’”‘†—…–Ǥ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ …‘†‹–‹‘• ™‡”‡ ƒ• lines by back-crossing the Bt lines of Monsanto with
ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ existing cotton hybrids. These lines have been named
MECH (Mahyco's early cotton hybrid) with a number
 Š‡…”‘’•™‡”‡ƒ’’”‘˜‡†ˆ‘”ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ suffixed such as 12, 162, 184 and 915.
͵›‡ƒ”•ȋʹͲͲʹ-2005)
 ˜‡”› ˆ‹‡Ž† ™Š‡”‡ – …‘––‘ ‹• ’Žƒ–‡† •ŠƒŽŽ „‡ ˆ—ŽŽ› •—””‘—†‡† „› ƒ „‡Ž– ‘ˆ Žƒ† …ƒŽŽ‡†
Ǯ”‡ˆ—‰‡ǯ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡•ƒ‡‘-–…‘––‘˜ƒ”‹‡–›•ŠƒŽŽ„‡•‘™ǤŠ‡•‹œ‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ˆ—‰‡„‡Ž–
•Š‘—Ž†„‡•—…Šƒ•–‘–ƒ‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ˆ‹˜‡”‘™•‘ˆ‘-–…‘––‘‘”•ŠƒŽŽ„‡ʹͲΨ‘ˆ–‘–ƒŽ•‘™
ƒ”‡ƒ ™Š‹…Š‡˜‡” ‹• ‘”‡Ǥ ‘ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ –Š‹•ǡ ‡ƒ…Š ’ƒ…‡– ‘ˆ •‡‡†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ’’”‘˜‡† ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•
•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘…‘–ƒ‹ƒ•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡’ƒ…‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡†•‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡‘-–…‘––‘˜ƒ”‹‡–›™Š‹…Š‹•
•—ˆˆ‹…‹‡–ˆ‘”’Žƒ–‹‰‹–Š‡”‡ˆ—‰‡†‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ„‘˜‡Ǥ
 ƒ…Š’ƒ…‡–•Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡Ž›Žƒ„‡Ž‡†ƒ„‘—––Š‡–•‡‡†•‹˜‡”ƒ…—Žƒ”Žƒ‰ƒ—‰‡
  ™‹ŽŽ ‡–‡” ‹–‘ ƒ‰”‡‡‡–• ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” †‡ƒŽ‡”•Ȁƒ‰‡–•ǡ –Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ •’‡…‹ˆ› –Š‡
”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ˆ”‘ †‡ƒŽ‡”•Ȁƒ‰‡–• –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ •ƒŽ‡ ‘ˆ •‡‡†•ǡ ƒ…”‡ƒ‰‡
…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡†ǡƒ†•–ƒ–‡Ȁ”‡‰‹‘•™Š‡”‡–…‘––‘‹••‘™Ǥ
 ™‹ŽŽ’”‡’ƒ”‡ƒ—ƒŽ”‡’‘”–•ƒ†•—„‹––Š‡•ƒ‡‹‡Ž‡…–”‘‹…ˆ‘”–‘

  ™‹ŽŽ †‡˜‡Ž‘’ ’Žƒ• ˆ‘” – „ƒ•‡† –‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‡•– ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ† ‹…Ž—†‡ –Š‹•
‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡•‡‡†’ƒ…‡–Ǥ
 ™‹ŽŽ‘‹–‘”ƒ—ƒŽŽ›–Š‡•—•…‡’–‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ„‘ŽŽ™‘”•–‘–‰‡‡
  ™‹ŽŽ †‡’‘•‹– ͳͲͲ ‰ •‡‡† ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ ƒ’’”‘˜‡† Š›„”‹†• ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡‹” ’ƒ”‡–ƒŽ Ž‹‡•
™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ—”‡ƒ—‘ˆŽƒ–
‡‡–‹…‡•‘—”…‡•ȋ
ȌǤ
Biosafety assessment by Government / Mahyco
Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ƒ”‡•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–…‘…Ž—•‹‘•‘„–ƒ‹‡†ƒˆ–‡”–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—••–—†‹‡•…‘†—…–‡†„›
•ƒˆ‡–› ƒ••‡••‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ – ‘––‘ ›„”‹† •‡‡†•Ǥ Š‡•‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •‘—”…‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ
‡˜‹”‘‡–‹‹•–”›†‘…—‡–
 Š‡’‘ŽŽ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡–‘––‘›„”‹†•ƒ”‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘’‘ŽŽ‹ƒ–‡‘•–Ž›™‹–Š‹ƒ”ƒ‰‡‘ˆʹ‡–‡”•
ƒ† ‘Ž› ʹΨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘ŽŽ‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ”‡ƒ…Š ƒ †‹•–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ͳͷ ‡–‡”• –Š—• –Š‡ …Šƒ…‡• ‘ˆ
…”‘••’‘ŽŽ‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘-–Š›„”‹†•ƒ”‡‡ƒ‰”‡ǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ›‘…Šƒ…‡–Šƒ–
–Š‡ – ‰‡‡ ™‹ŽŽ –”ƒ•ˆ‡” ˆ”‘ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡† –‡–”ƒ’Ž‘‹† •’‡…‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ – Š›„”‹†• –‘
–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡††‹’Ž‘‹†•’‡…‹‡•Ǥ
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

 Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ‘ •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ˆ‘—† „‡–™‡‡ – ƒ† ‘-– …‘––‘ ˆ‘” ‰‡”‹ƒ–‹‘
ƒ† ˜‹‰‘”ǡ ‹†‹…ƒ–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ •—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ „‡–™‡‡ –”ƒ•‰‡‹… – ƒ†
…‘–”‘Ž‘-–…‘––‘™‹–Š”‡‰ƒ”†–‘–Š‡‹”™‡‡†‹‡••’‘–‡–‹ƒŽǤ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

8|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

 – …‘––‘ Š›„”‹†• †‘ ‘– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ› –‘š‹… ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘ –Š‡ ‘ -–ƒ”‰‡– •’‡…‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• •—…‹‰
’‡•–• ȋƒ’Ž˜‡Ž•ǡ Œƒ••‹†•ǡ ™Š‹–‡ ˆŽ› ƒ† ‹–‡•ȌǤ Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ‹•‡…–• ȋŽƒ†› „‡‡–Ž‡ǡ •’‹†‡”•Ȍ
”‡ƒ‹‡†ƒ…–‹˜‡‹„‘–Š–ƒ†‘–˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•Ǥ
 –’”‘–‡‹™ƒ•‘–†‡–‡…–‡†‹•‘‹Ž•ƒ’Ž‡•‹†‹…ƒ–‹‰–Šƒ––’”‘–‡‹‹•”ƒ’‹†Ž›†‡‰”ƒ†‡†‹
–Š‡•‘‹Ž‘™Š‹…Š–…‘––‘‹•‰”‘™ǤŠ‡ŠƒŽˆ-Ž‹ˆ‡‘ˆ–Š‡”›ͳ’”‘–‡‹‹’Žƒ––‹••—‡™ƒ•
…ƒŽ…—Žƒ–‡†–‘Ͷͳ†ƒ›• ™Š‹…Š‹•…‘’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡–‘–Š‡†‡‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘”ƒ–‡• ”‡’‘”–‡†ˆ‘”‹…”‘„‹ƒŽ
ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–ǤŠ—•–Š‡”‡™ƒ•‘’‘••‹„Ž‡”‹•‘ˆƒ……——Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‰‡‡‹–Š‡•‘‹Ž
 Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ‘ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹…”‘„‡• ƒ† •‘‹Ž ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡• Ž‹‡
‡ƒ”–Š™‘”ƒ†
ŽŽ‡„‘Žƒ„‡–™‡‡–ƒ†‘-–•‘‹Ž•ƒ’Ž‡•Ǥ
 Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ …Šƒ‰‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ – ƒ† ‘ – •‡‡†•ǡ ™‹–Š ”‡•’‡…– –‘ ’”‘–‡‹•ǡ
…ƒ”„‘Š›†”ƒ–‡•ǡ‘‹Žǡ…ƒŽ‘”‹‡•ƒ†ƒ•Š…‘–‡–Ǥ
 ‘•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•‹ˆ‡‡†…‘•—’–‹‘ǡƒ‹ƒŽ™‡‹‰Š–‰ƒ‹ƒ†‰‡‡”ƒŽƒ‹ƒŽ
health ™‡”‡ ˆ‘—† „‡–™‡‡ ƒ‹ƒŽ• ˆ‡† ™‹–Š – …‘––‘ •‡‡† ƒ† ‘ …‘––‘•‡‡†Ǥ  ‘
•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•™‡”‡ˆ‘—†„‡–™‡‡ƒ‹ƒŽ•ˆ‡†™‹–Š–ƒ†‘–…‘––‘•‡‡†Ǥ
 ”›ͷ‰‡‡ƒ†’”‘–‡‹ƒ”‡‘–ˆ‘—†‹”‡ˆ‹‡†‘‹Ž‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘–…‘––‘•‡‡†•Ǥ–…‘––‘
•‡‡†‡ƒŽ‹•—–”‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‡–ǡ™Š‘Ž‡•‘‡ƒ†•ƒˆ‡ƒ•–Š‡‘n-–…‘––‘•‡‡†‡ƒŽǤ
 Š‡–”ƒ•‰‡‹…–‘––‘’Žƒ–™ƒ•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†„›‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‰–‰‡‡‹–‘‹–ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡‹–
™ƒ• †‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ••‡•• –Šƒ– ‘ ‘–Š‡” ‰‡‡ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ …”‡ ”‡…‘„‹ƒ•‡ ‰‡‡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ƒ
‹–‡‰”ƒŽ…‘’‘‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•‘…ƒŽŽ‡†Dz–‡”‹ƒ–‘”–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›dz‹•’”‡•‡–‹–…‘––‘Ǥ•–—†›
™ƒ• …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– „› Š‡ ‡’ƒ”–‡– ‘ˆ
‡‡–‹…•ǡ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ ‡ŽŠ‹ –‘ …Š‡… –Š‡
’”‡•‡…‡Ȁƒ„•‡…‡‘ˆ•—…Š‰‡‡‹–Š‡–…‘––‘Ǥ Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹••Š‘™‡†–Š‡ƒ„•‡…‡‘ˆ
Dz–‡”‹ƒ–‘”‰‡‡dz‹–…‘––‘Š›„”‹†•Ǥ
Controversy
˜‡”–Š‡’ƒ•––™‘›‡ƒ”•ǡ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ‹•–•ǡˆƒ”‡”•ǡ•…‹‡–‹•–•ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•”ƒ‹•‡†…‘…‡”•
‘˜‡” ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ‹••—‡•ǡ „‹‘-•ƒˆ‡–› ‡ƒ•—”‡•ǡ ƒ† Š‡ƒŽ–Š ‹’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ – ‘––‘Ǥ ‡‘’Ž‡
…‘–‹—‡–‘†‘—„––Š‡‡ˆˆ‹…ƒ…›‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒˆ‡‰—ƒ”†•’—–‹’Žƒ…‡Ǥ”‡…‡––‹‡•ǡ–Š‡‰”‘™‹‰—„‡”‘ˆ
ˆƒ”‡”•…‘‹––‹‰•—‹…‹†‡•‹•‘‡…‘––‘‰”‘™‹‰•–ƒ–‡•Šƒ•”‡-‹‰‹–‡†–Š‡’”‘–‡•–•ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡
–‘––‘Ǥ
Analysing the reasons of distress among farmers
(Parts of the below information is sourced from an interview of K R Kranti, Director General, Central Institute of
Cotton Research as published in Business Standard)
Indiscriminate use of Hybrids
 – ‹• –Š‡ ‹†‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ – Š›„”‹†• ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ – •–”ƒ‹‰Š– ȋ‘” ‘-Š›„”‹†Ȍ ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•
–Šƒ– ‹• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” sunil
Member Name: †‹•–”‡•• ƒ‘‰
kumar Member's …‘––‘
Email address: ˆƒ”‡”• ‹ ”ƒ‹-ˆ‡†
tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com ƒ”‡ƒ•Ǥ Š‡ – –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›
120.56.225.142

†‘‡•‘Ž›‘‡–Š‹‰–Šƒ–‹•–‘’”‘–‡…––Š‡…”‘’ˆ”‘–Š‡„‘ŽŽ™‘”•ƒ†ƒˆ‡™…ƒ–‡”’‹ŽŽƒ”•ƒ†
‘–Š‹‰‡Ž•‡Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ†‹ƒ•‘‘ƒˆ–‡”‹–•Žƒ—…Š„‡…ƒ‡ƒƒ”‡–’Žƒ›‰”‘—†‘ˆ…‘’ƒ‹‡•
™Š‡”‡–Š‘—•ƒ†•‘ˆ„”ƒ†•‘ˆ–Š‡–Š›„”‹†•ƒ”‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡Ǥˆ™‡…‘’ƒ”‡‹–™‹–Š–Š‡”‡•–‘ˆ
–Š‡™‘”Ž†ǡ™‡ˆ‹†–Šƒ––…‘––‘‹•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‘Ž›ƒ•ƒˆ‡™•–”ƒ‹‰Š–˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•‡Ž•‡™Š‡”‡Ǥ‘ǡ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

9|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

–Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‹•–ƒ‡ †‹ƒ †‹† ™ƒ• –‘ ƒŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ – ›„”‹†• ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ Ž‹‹–‡† – –”ƒ‹‰Š–
˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•Ǥ
 Š‡‹†‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‡”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡‘ˆ‘”‡–ŠƒͳǡͲͲͲ–Š›„”‹†•‹•ƒƒŒ‘”…‘…‡”Ǥ ƒ”‡”•ˆ‹†‹–
‹’‘••‹„Ž‡–‘ƒ‡ƒ‹ˆ‘”‡††‡…‹•‹‘ˆ”‘–Š‡”ƒ†‘Ž›ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡„”ƒ†•Ǥ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ
–Š‡”‡‹•‘†‹•…‹’Ž‹‡‹–Š›„”‹†„”ƒ†•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‹–Š‡ƒ”‡–ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡•‡˜‡”ƒŽ…ƒ•‡•‘ˆ
•’—”‹‘—•ƒ†—‘™–Š›„”‹†„”ƒ†•ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘‹•–ƒ…‡•‘ˆƒ›–Š›„”‹†„”ƒ†•
•‘Ž† ‹ ”‡‰‹‘• ˆ‘” ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ™‡”‡ ‘– ƒ’’”‘˜‡† „› –Š‡
‡‡–‹… ‰‹‡‡”‹‰ ’’”‘˜ƒŽ
‘‹––‡‡Ǥ ’ƒ”– ˆ”‘ ƒ’’”‘˜‹‰ –Š‡
‡˜‡– ˆ‘” ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ǡ –Š‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ
‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ•‘ƒ’’”‘˜‡•‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ–Š›„”‹†•ǤŠ‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•
ƒ† Š›„”‹†• •—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ”‡‰‹‘• ™ƒ• ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‹ –Š‡ †‘ƒ‹ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ
ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”‡ǡ„—–‘–‹–Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š›„”‹†•Ǥ
Late Maturing Hybrids
 †‹ƒǡ ‘––‘ ‹• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ”ƒ‹ˆ‡† …”‘’Ǥ ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ – Š›„”‹†• ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ͳͺͲ-–‘ ʹͲͲ-†ƒ›
†—”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ”‡‘–•—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘””ƒ‹-
“Bt cotton in India was approved in 2002. Before 2002, the area under
ˆ‡†…‘†‹–‹‘•Ǥ‹…‡–Š‡›„”‹†•‡‡†• “non-Bt” hybrid-cotton was less than two per cent in north India and
about 40 per cent in central and south India. By 2011, more than 96
ƒ”‡ …‘•–Ž›ǡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ •‘™ Žƒ–‡ ǡ ‘Ž›
per cent of the cotton area was under hybrid cotton, more specifically
™Š‡–Š‡ˆƒ”‡”•‡•—”‡†–Šƒ––Š‡”‡‹• the Bt hybrid. For rain-fed regions, especially with shallow-marginal
soils, characterised by low input use, early-maturing straight varieties
ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡ •‘‹Ž ‘‹•–—”‡Ǥ Š‡ „‘ŽŽ are the best option”
statement of K R Kranti, Director General, Central Institute of Cotton
Research
ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ •‘™ ƒ–—”‹‰
Š›„”‹†• •—ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ •‡˜‡”‡ ‘‹•–—”‡
•–”‡••„‡…ƒ—•‡‹––ƒ‡•’Žƒ…‡—…ŠŽƒ–‡”ƒˆ–‡”–Š‡”ƒ‹•”‡…‡†‡ǤŠ‹•—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›”‡•—Ž–•‹Ž‘™›‹‡Ž†•Ǥ
•–‡ƒ†ǡ–Š‡ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡™‹–Š•–”ƒ‹‰Š–˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡•™‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡„‡‡–Šƒ–ˆƒ”‡”•…ƒ”‡—•‡ˆƒ”-•ƒ˜‡†
•‡‡†•ƒ†…ƒ–ƒ‡–Š‡Ž‹„‡”–›‘ˆ‡ƒ”Ž›†”›•‘™‹‰ǡ‡˜‡„‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡‘•‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‘•‘‘ǡ™‹–Š‘—–
Šƒ˜‹‰–‘™‘””›ƒ„‘—– –Š‡”‹••‘ˆ’‘‘” ‰‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡-•‘™‹‰ǤŠ‡ǡƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Š›„”‹†•
ƒ”‡ƒ”‡•—•…‡’–‹„Ž‡–‘•ƒ’-•—…‹‰‹•‡…–•ǡŽ‡ƒˆ-…—”Ž˜‹”—•ƒ†Ž‡ƒˆ”‡††‡‹‰ǡƒ††‹‰–‘‹’—–…‘•–•Ǥ

No doubling of Yields Is Bt Cotton connected to farmer's suicides?

Š‡ – …‘––‘ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› Šƒ• „”‘—‰Š– †‘™ Arguments in favour and against this have been flooding
in media in recent times. Bt technology is not directly
’‡•–‹…‹†‡ —•‡ „› ƒ„‘—– ͷͲ ’‡” …‡–ǡ „—– ‹– ‹• connected with farmer suicides or with enhanced
‹…‘””‡…–  –‘ ƒ••—‡ –Šƒ– …‘––‘ ›‹‡Ž†• ‹ †‹ƒ requirement of fertilisers or water. The problem is with
late maturing hybrids that do not perform well owing to
†‘—„Ž‡† „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ – …‘––‘ ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ –Šƒ– the late-season moisture deficit in shallow soils, especially
„‘ŽŽ™‘” ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ–‹‘• †‡…Ž‹‡† „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ – when they are sown late. Farmers in rain-fed regions are
compelled to choose from a long list of Bt hybrids, most of
…‘––‘Ǥ which are late maturing, sucking pest-susceptible hybrids,
that are unsuitable for rain-fed regions.
‘––‘›‹‡Ž†•‹…”‡ƒ•‡†„›ƒ„‘—–͸Ͳ’‡”…‡–‹
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

–Š”‡‡ ›‡ƒ”• „‡–™‡‡ ʹͲͲʹ ƒ† ʹͲͲͶ ™Š‡ –Š‡

ƒ”‡ƒ—†‡”–…‘––‘™ƒ•ƒ‡ƒ‰”‡ͷǤ͸’‡”…‡–ƒ†–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ—†‡”‘-–…‘––‘™ƒ•ͻͶǤͶ’‡”…‡–Ǥ
Š‡ ›‹‡Ž†• †‹† ‘– ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–Ž› ‘”‡ –Šƒ –Š‡ ’”‡-– ‡”ƒ ‡˜‡ —–‹Ž ʹͲͳͳ ™Š‡ –Š‡ –
…‘––‘ƒ”‡ƒ–‘—…Š‡†ͻ͸’‡”…‡–Ǥ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

10|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

On Bollworm Infestations
‘ŽŽ™‘”‹ˆ‡•–ƒ–‹‘•†‡…Ž‹‡†•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–Ž›‘˜‡”–Š‡’ƒ•–ͳʹ›‡ƒ”•ƒ‹Ž›„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆƒ•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–
†‡…Ž‹‡ ‹ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡ Dz•›–Š‡–‹…-’›”‡–Š”‘‹†dz …‘—’Ž‡† ™‹–Š ‡Šƒ…‡† —•ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ •‘‡
’‘–‡–„‘ŽŽ™‘”-…‘–”‘ŽŽ‹‰‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡••—…Šƒ•’‹‘•ƒ†ǡƒ‡…–‹ƒ††‘šƒ…ƒ”„ǡ™Š‹…Š™‡”‡
‹–”‘†—…‡† †—”‹‰ ʹͲͲͲ-ʹͲͲͳǤ – …‘––‘ Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ ’Žƒ›‡† ƒ ’ƒ”– ‹ –Š‡ †‡…Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ „‘ŽŽ™‘”
populations.
Monsanto and Hybrids
‘•ƒ–‘’”‡ˆ‡””‡†–Š›„”‹†•‹†‹ƒƒ•ƒ‡ƒ•‘ˆDz˜ƒŽ—‡…ƒ’–—”‡dzǡ•‹…‡ˆƒ”‡”•…ƒ‘–”‡—•‡
–Š‡ •‡‡†•Ǥ  ƒŽŽ ‘–Š‡”…‘—–”‹‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ —„‡” ‘ˆ ˆƒ”‡”• ‹• •ƒŽŽǡ ‘•ƒ–‘ –”ƒ•ˆ‡””‡† –Š‡
‰‡‡• ‹–‘ –Š‡ Ž‘…ƒŽ •–”ƒ‹‰Š– ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† ƒ ‘•ƒ–‘ ƒ‰”‡‡‡– ˆ‘” ‹• •‹‰‡† „› ˆƒ”‡”• –Šƒ–
–Š‡›™‘—Ž†‘–”‡—•‡–Š‡•‡‡†•ǤŠ‹ƒƒ†ƒ‹•–ƒǡ™Š‡”‡–Š‡—„‡”‘ˆˆƒ”‡”•‹•Š—‰‡ǡ–Š‡
ƒ‰”‡‡‡– ˆ‘” •›•–‡ ™ƒ• ‘– ƒ……‡’–ƒ„Ž‡Ǥ Š‹ƒǯ• ’—„Ž‹… •‡…–‘” ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š •›•–‡ •—……‡‡†‡† ‹
d‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ ‹– ‘™ – ‹ •–”ƒ‹‰Š– ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† ™‡– ƒŠ‡ƒ† ™‹–Š …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘Ǥ • ƒ ”‡•—Ž–ǡ
‘•ƒ–‘†‘‡•‘–Šƒ˜‡—…Š‘ˆƒ’”‡•‡…‡‹Š‹ƒ‘™Ǥƒ‹•–ƒ”‡ˆ—•‡†–‘–ƒ‡–Š‡–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›
‹Š›„”‹†•ƒ†‘•ƒ–‘†‘‡•‘–Šƒ˜‡ƒ’”‡•‡…‡–Š‡”‡‡‹–Š‡”Ǥ‘‡’—„Ž‹…•‡…–‘””‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•‹
†‹ƒǡ •—…Š ƒ• ˆ”‘ ‡–”ƒŽ •–‹–—–‡ ˆ‘” ‘––‘ ‡•‡ƒ”…Š ƒ† ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ ‰”‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‹‡…‡•ǡ
Šƒ”™ƒ†ǡ Šƒ˜‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† – ‹ •–”ƒ‹‰Š– ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† ƒ”‡ ‹ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• •–ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› –‡•–‹‰Ǥ
Š‹•’”‘…‡••ƒ›–ƒ‡•‘‡–ime.
Organic Cotton
C‘––‘ ‰”‘™ ™‹–Š‘—– –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ› •›–Š‡–‹…ƒŽŽ› …‘’‘—†‡† …Š‡‹…ƒŽ• ȋ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ ’‡•–‹…‹†‡•ǡ
ˆ‡”–‹Ž‹œ‡”•ǡ †‡ˆ‘Ž‹ƒ–•ǡ ‡–…ǤȌ
Cotton covers 55% of the world's cultivated land yet uses 75% of the world's
‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† Dz‘”‰ƒ‹… insecticides, more than any other single major crop. High levels of agrochemicals are
…‘––‘dzǤ —”‡›ǡ †‹ƒǡ  used in the production of non-organic, conventional cotton. Cotton production uses
more chemicals per unit area than any other crop and accounts in total for 10-16% of
ƒ† Š‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ƒŒ‘” the world's pesticides (including herbicides, insecticides, and defoliants). Chemicals
used in the processing of cotton pollute the air and surface waters.
’”‘†—…‡”• ‘ˆ ”‰ƒ‹…
‘––‘Ǥ ‘†ƒ› ‘”‰ƒ‹…
…‘––‘‹•‰”‘™‹‘”‡–Šƒʹͷ…‘—–”‹‡•Ǥ—”‹‰–Š‡
›‡ƒ” ʹͲͲ͹-Ͳͺ –Š‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‰ƒ‹… ‘––‘ ™ƒ•
ʹʹͶ͸Ͷ͵ ‡–”‹… –‘‡• ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ ‹– ™ƒ•
͵ͷͲͲͲ ‡–”‹… –‘n‡• ‹ †‹ƒǤ
‡”ƒ›ǡSwitzerland,
UK, ™‡†‡ǡ  ƒ† ƒ’ƒ ƒ”‡ ƒŒ‘” ƒ”‡–• ‘ˆ
”‰ƒ‹… ‘––‘ ‰”‘™ ‹ †‹ƒǤ †‹ƒ Šƒ• …‘•–‹–—–‡†
‹–• ”‰ƒ‹… ‘––‘ †˜‹•‘”› ‘ƒ”† ȋȌ ™‹–Š ͵ͷ
‡„‡”• ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ Member
”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡• ˆ”‘
Name: sunil kumar Member's ˜ƒ”‹‘—•
Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

•–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”• ‡‰ƒ‰‡† ‹ –Š‡ ’”‘‘–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹…

cotton. ƒ”‹‘—• ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• •—…Š ƒ•
”‰ƒ‹… š…Šƒ‰‡ǡ Ǣ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

11|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

ˆ‘”‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘-‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ȋȌǡ ”ƒ…‡Ǣƒ”–‹ ƒ„‡”– ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ǢŠ‡ŽŽ ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ǡǤǤǢ

Ƭǡ—”‘’‡ƒ”‡™‘”‹‰‹†‹ƒ–‘’”‘‘–‡”‰ƒ‹…‘––‘Ǥ
Pre-requisites for Organic Cotton Farming
 ‘—•‡‘ˆ•›–Š‡–‹…ˆ‡”–‹Ž‹œ‡”•Ž‹‡”‡ƒǡǡ
 ‘—•‡‘ˆ•›–Š‡–‹…‡•–‹…‹†‡•Ž‹‡Š‡”„‹…‹†‡•ǡ‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡•ǡˆ—‰‹…‹†‡•‡–…Ǥ
 ‘”†‡”ˆ”ƒ‹‰‹•—•‡†–‘’”‡˜‡–•’”ƒ›†”‹ˆ–ˆ”‘–Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰ˆ‹‡Ž†•
 ‘—•‡‘ˆ‰‡‡–‹…ƒŽŽ›‘†‹ˆ‹‡†”‰ƒ‹••—…Šƒ•–…‘––‘Ǣ
 ”‘’ ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ —•– –‘ ”‡’‡ƒ– …”‘’‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ˆ‘” ʹ •—„•‡“—‡– ›‡ƒ”• ƒ† ‘”
intercropping
 ”‘’‡”ƒ‹–‡ƒ…‡‘ˆ”‡…‘”†•ƒ††‘…—‡–•ˆ‘”…‡”–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘
Advantages of Organic Cotton
 ”‘–‡…–‹‰•—”ˆƒ…‡ƒ†‰”‘—†™ƒ–‡”“—ƒŽ‹–›
 ‡†—…‡†”‹•‹‹•‡…–ƒ††‹•‡ƒ•‡…‘–”‘Ž„›”‡’Žƒ…‹‰‹•‡…–‹…‹†‡™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ
ecosystems
 Long-–‡”’”‡˜‡–‹‘‘ˆ’‡•–•–Š”‘—‰Š„‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒŽŠƒ„‹–ƒ–’Žƒ–‹‰
 ‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ„‹‘†‹˜‡”•‹–›
 Ž‹‹ƒ–‡–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–‘š‹……Š‡‹…ƒŽ•—•‡†‹…‘––‘
 ”‰ƒ‹…ƒŽŽ›‰”‘™…”‘’•ƒŽ•‘›‹‡Ž†•‘‹Ž•™‹–ŠŠ‹‰Š‡”‘”‰ƒ‹…ƒ––‡”…‘–‡–ǡ–Š‹…‡”–‘’•‘‹Ž
†‡’–Šǡ Š‹‰Š‡” ’‘Ž›•ƒ……Šƒ”‹†‡ …‘–‡–ǡ ƒ† Ž‘™‡” ‘†—Ž—• ‘ˆ ”—’–—”‡Ǣ –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ ”‡†—…‹‰
…‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž›•‘‹Ž‡”‘•‹‘Ǥ
Certification
 —Ž›ʹͲͳʹǡ–Š‡†‹ƒ–ƒ†ƒ”†•ˆ‘””‰ƒ‹…‡š–‹Ž‡•ȋȌ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡Žƒ—…Š‡†„›‘‡”…‡ǡ
Industry ƒ† ‡š–‹Ž‡• ‹‹•–”› —†‡” –Š‡
India produces more than 1,000 branded organic products which
ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‘‰”ƒ‡ ˆ‘” ”‰ƒ‹… are backed by certification. In 2011-12, the country exported
”‘†—…–‹‘•ȋȌǤŠ‡ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•ƒ certified organic products to various countries in Europe, Asia
and the US worth Rs 1,866 crore. (Economic Times)
Ž‡‰ƒŽ ”‡‰‹‡ ƒ†‹‹•–‡”‡† „› –Š‡ ‹‹•–”›
‘ˆ ‘‡”…‡ ƒ† †—•–”›ǡ ‹…Ž—†‡• ‘”• ˆ‘” ‘”‰ƒ‹… ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘…‡••‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”‡
…”‘’•ƒŽ‘‰™‹–Š…‡”–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘•–ƒ†ƒ”†•Ǥ‡ˆ‘”‡–Šƒ–’”‹˜ƒ–‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†•’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‡†‹–Š‡…‘—–”›ˆ‘”
‘”‰ƒ‹… –‡š–‹Ž‡• ƒ† –Š‡•‡ ™‡”‡ ‘– ‹ …‘ˆ‘”‹–› ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ „‡…Šƒ”•Ǥ ›
‹–”‘†—…‹‰ ǡ †‹ƒ –‘‘ ‘˜‡” –Š‡ Ž‘‰-•–ƒ†‹‰ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡
Ž‘„ƒŽ ”‰ƒ‹… ‡š–‹Ž‡•
•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ȋ
Ȍǡ™Š‹…Šƒ”‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†•’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‹‰‹–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹…–‡š–‹Ž‡•‹†—•–”›Ǥ‹–Š–Š‹•ǡ
†‹ƒŠƒ•–Š‡†‹•–‹…–‹‘‘ˆ„‡‹‰–Š‡‘Ž›…‘—–”›‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†–‘Šƒ˜‡‹–”‘†—…‡†‘”‰ƒ‹…–‡š–‹Ž‡•
•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ƒ––Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ‡˜‡ŽǤ
Chapter 2. Jute Sector
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

—–‡ ‡š–‹Ž‡ †—•–”› ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” †—•–”‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ•–‡” †‹ƒǡ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› ‹ ‡•–
BengalǤ —–‡•—’’‘”–•ƒ”‘—†ͶͲƒŠˆƒ”ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•ƒ†’”‘˜‹†‡•†‹”‡…–‡’Ž‘›‡––‘ʹǤ͸ƒŠ
†—•–”‹ƒŽ‘”‡”•ƒ†ͳǤͶƒŠ‹–Š‡–‡”–‹ƒ”›•‡…–‘”ǤŠ‡’”‘†—…–‹‘’”‘…‡••‹–Š‡ —–‡†—•–”›

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

12|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

‰‘‡• –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹…Ž—†‡ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ

”ƒ™ Œ—–‡ǡ ’”‘…‡••‹‰ ‘ˆ Œ—–‡ ˆ‹„”‡•ǡ •’‹‹‰ǡ ™‡ƒ˜‹‰ǡ „Ž‡ƒ…Š‹‰ǡ
†›‡‹‰ǡ ˆ‹‹•Š‹‰ ƒ† ƒ”‡–‹‰ ‘ˆ „‘–Šǡ –Š‡ ”ƒ™ Œ—–‡ ƒ† ‹–•
ˆ‹‹•Š‡†’”‘†—…–•ǤSoǡ —–‡†—•–”›‹•Žƒ„‘—”‹–‡•‹˜‡ƒ†ƒ••—…Š
‹–• Žƒ„‘—”-‘—–’—– ”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ Š‹‰Š ‹ •’‹–‡ ‘ˆ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–‹‡•
„‡‹‰ ˆƒ…‡† „› –Š‡ ‹†—•–”›Ǥ ƒ’ƒ…‹–› —–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†—•–”› ‹•
ƒ”‘—† ͹ͷ ’‡” …‡–Ǥ  —–‡ ‹†—•–”› …‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ –Š‡ ‡š’‘”–
earnings‹–Š‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ•ǤͳǡͲͲͲ–‘•ǤͳǡʹͲͲ…”‘”‡ƒ—ƒŽŽ›Ǥ
Basic Production Data
 †‹ƒŠƒ†’”‘†—…‡†ͳͲʹŽƒŠ„ƒŽ‡•‘ˆŒ—–‡‹ʹͲͳͳ-ͳʹ”‘’yearȋ —Ž›- —‡ȌǤ‡„ƒŽ‡‘ˆŒ—–‡
‹•‡“—ƒŽ–‘͵͵ʹǤͷ‰Ǥ
 —–‡’”‘†—…–‹‘‹–Š‡…‘—–”›‹•‡š’‡…–‡†–‘†‡…Ž‹‡„›ͳʹΨ–‘ͻͲŽƒŠ„ƒŽ‡•‹–Š‡ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵
…”‘’ ›‡ƒ” †—‡ –‘ ’‘‘” ”ƒ‹• ‹ –Š‡ ‰”‘™‹‰ •–ƒ–‡• ƒ• ’‡” ƒ —‰—•– ʹͲͳʹ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡
ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡‘ƒ”†Ǥ
 —–‡ ‹• …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡† ‹ •‡˜‡ •–ƒ–‡• — ‡•–
Jute is an important cash crop, which is as an
‡‰ƒŽǡ ‹Šƒ”ǡ †‹•Šƒǡ ••ƒǡ ”‹’—”ƒǡ intercrop before paddy transplantation in most
‡‰ŠƒŽƒ›ƒƒ††Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•ŠǤ parts of the country. Paddy and jute are not
competing crops as they are not sown during the
 —–‡ ‹• ‘”ƒŽŽ› …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡† ƒ• ƒ ‹–‡”-…”‘’ same period on the same land. This has significant
„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ –™‘ ƒ‹ ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ •‡ƒ•‘•ǡ contribution to the farm income of a large section of

Šƒ”‹ˆƒ†”ƒ„‹Ǥ
 Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ͵͵ ‘†† †‹•–”‹…–• •’ƒ‹‰
We•– ‡‰ƒŽǡ ”‹••ƒǡ ‹Šƒ” ƒ† ••ƒǡ
™Š‹…Š ƒ……‘—– ˆ‘” ͻͺǤͶͳ ’‡” …‡– ƒ”‡ƒ
—†‡” Œ—–‡ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ͻͺǤͶ͵
’‡” …‡– ‘ˆ –‘–ƒŽ ”ƒ™ Œ—–‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‹
–Š‡…‘—–”›Ǥ
 ƒ†‹ƒǡ —”•Š‹†ƒ„ƒ†ǡ —”‡ƒǡ ‘‘…Š
‹Šƒ”ǡ ‡•– ‹ƒŒ’—”ǡ ƒŽ’ƒ‹‰—”‹ǡ ‘”–Š
24-ƒ”‰ƒƒǡ ‘‘‰Ž› ƒ† ƒŽ†ƒ †‹•–”‹…–•
‹ ‡•– ‡‰ƒŽ ƒ……‘—– ˆ‘” ͹ͳ ’‡” …‡–
‘ˆ ƒ”‡ƒ —†‡” Œ—–‡ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ‹ †‹ƒ
ƒ† ͹͵ǤͲͻ ’‡” …‡– ‘ˆ –‘–ƒŽ ”ƒ™ Œ—–‡
’”‘†—…–‹‘‹–Š‡…‘—–”›Ǥ
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

 Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ͹͹ …‘’‘•‹–‡ Œ—–‡ ‹ŽŽ• ‹

Indiaǡ ‘ˆ ™Š‹…Š ͸Ͳ Œ—–‡ ‹ŽŽ• ƒ”‡
Ž‘…ƒ–‡† ‹ ‡•– ‡‰ƒŽǤ ͸ͺ ƒ”‡ ‹
’”‹˜ƒ–‡•‡…–‘”Ǥ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

13|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

National Jute Policy

Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ †‹ƒ ƒ‘—…‡† ‹–• ‹”•– ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡ ‘Ž‹…› ‹ ’”‹Ž ʹͲͲͷ –‘ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ –Š‡
‡…–‘” –‘ ƒ––ƒ‹ ƒ† •—•–ƒ‹ ƒ ’”‡-‡‹‡– ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ •–ƒ†‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡ ƒ† ‡š’‘”– ‘ˆ —–‡
’”‘†—…–• „› ‡ƒ„Ž‹‰ –Š‡ —–‡ †—•–”› –‘ „—‹Ž† ™‘”Ž† …Žƒ•• •–ate-of-the-ƒ”– ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‹‰
…ƒ’ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡•ǡƒ†•–”‡‰–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡ–Š”‘—‰Š’—„Ž‹…’”‹˜ƒ–‡‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡ǡ
ƒ†‡•—”‡”‡—‡”ƒ–‹˜‡’”‹…‡•–‘–Š‡ˆƒ”‡”•Ǥ
National Jute Board
Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡‘ƒ”†…–ǡʹͲͲͺ”‡…‡‹˜‡†–Š‡ƒ••‡–‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•‹†‡–‘–Š‡ ‡„”—ƒ”›ʹͲͲͻƒ†
™ƒ•’—„Ž‹•Š‡†‹–Š‡
ƒœ‡––‡‘ˆ†‹ƒ‘ ‡„”—ƒ”›ͳʹǡʹͲͲͻǤŠ‡…–’”‘˜‹†‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡–
‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡ ‘ƒ”† ˆ‘” –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ …—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡ ƒ† ƒ”‡–‹‰ ‘ˆ Œ—–‡
ƒ† Œ—–‡ ’”‘†—…–• ƒ† ˆ‘” ƒ––‡”• …‘‡…–‡†Ǥ Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡ ‘ƒ”† ȋ Ȍ ‹• –Š‡ ƒ’‡š „‘†› ˆ‘”
’”‘‘–‹‘‘ˆ†‹ƒ —–‡ǤŠ‡‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡‘ƒ”†ƒ”‡‹‘Žƒ–ƒǡ™‹–Š”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ
”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‹ —–‡ ‰”‘™‹‰ ƒ”‡ƒ• ƒ† ‹ ‘–Š‡” ƒ”‡ƒ• ˆ‘” ƒ”‡–‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ —–‡ Products. Š‡
—–‡ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡•‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘—…‹Ž™ƒ•…‘•–‹–—–‡†ƒ•ƒ•–ƒ–—–‘”›„‘†›‹ͳͻͺͶƒ†‘™Šƒ•
„‡‡‡”‰‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡‘ƒ”†Ǥ
International Jute Study Group
Š‡–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ —–‡–—†›
”‘—’ȋ 
Ȍ‹•ƒ‹–‡”‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ„‘†›•‡–—’—†‡”–Š‡ƒ‡‰‹•‘ˆ
 –‘ ˆ—…–‹‘ ƒ• –Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘‘†‹–› ‘†› ȋȌ ˆ‘” —–‡ǡ ‡ƒˆ ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ŽŽ‹‡†
‹„”‡•Ǥ–•Š‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”•ƒ”‡Ž‘…ƒ–‡†ƒ–Šƒƒǡƒ‰Žƒ†‡•ŠǤ
Jute Technology Mission (JTM)
—–‡‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›‹••‹‘ȋ Ȍ™ƒ•ƒ’’”‘˜‡†„›–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡–‘ˆ†‹ƒ‹ʹͲͲ͸ƒ†‹–Šƒ•Ͷ‹‹
‹••‹‘•ǤŠ‡ —–‡‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›‹••‹‘ȋ Ȍ™‹ŽŽ„‡‡š‡…—–‡††—”‹‰–Š‡–Šˆ‹˜‡›‡ƒ”Žƒ™‹–Šƒ
‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ‘—–Žƒ›‘ˆ`͵ͷͷǤͷ͸…”‘”‡ǤŠ‡„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ
 ‘•–”‡‰–Š‡ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ†–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡‡–•
 ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–Ȁ‡š–‡•‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ™Œ—–‡‹‹•–”›‘ˆƒ†–”ƒ•ˆ‡”‘ˆ‹’”‘˜‡†–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›
 ‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–ƒ”‡–Ž‹ƒ‰‡•‹‹•–”›‘ˆˆ‘””ƒ™Œ—–‡
 ‘ ‘†‡”‹œ‡ǡ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›  —’‰”ƒ†‡ǡ ‹’”‘˜‡ ’”‘†—…–‹˜‹–›ǡ ‡š–‹Ž‡• †‹˜‡”•‹ˆ› ƒ†
†‡˜‡Ž‘’Š—ƒ”‡•‘—”…‡ˆ‘”–Š‡Œ—–‡‹†—•–”›
Jute Packaging Norms and Legal Protection to Jute Cultivators
Ž‡ƒ•‡ ‘–‡ –Šƒ– ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡– Šƒ† ‡ƒ…–‡† –Š‡ —–‡ ƒ…ƒ‰‹‰ ƒ†ƒ–‘”› …–ǡ ͳͻͺ͹ ™‹–Š ƒ
‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡–‘’”‘–‡…––Š‡ —–‡‹†—•–”›Ǥ•’‡”–Š‹•ƒ…–ǡ–Š‡ˆ‘‘†‰”ƒ‹ƒ†•—‰ƒ”’”‘†—…‡†‹•”‡•‡”˜‡†
ƒ†ƒ†ƒ–‘”‹Ž›’ƒ…‡†‹Œ—–‡„ƒ‰•ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡†‡˜‡”››‡ƒ”Ǥ
Š‡
‘˜‡”‡– ”‡…‡–Ž› •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ—–‡ ‹†—•–”› …‘—Ž† ‘– ƒ–…Š †‡ƒ†• ‹ ʹͲͳͳ – ͳʹ ˆ‘”
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

•—’’Ž›‘ˆͳ͵ŽƒŠ„ƒŽ‡•‘”ͶǤ͵͵ŽƒŠ–‘•‘ˆ‰—›„ƒ‰•ˆ‘”ƒ„‹•—’’Ž›‘ˆʹͲͳʹ–ͳ͵Ǥ
‘˜‡”‡–
•ƒ‹† –Šƒ– ™‹–Š ͳͲ ‹ŽŽ• ”‡ƒ‹‹‰ …Ž‘•‡† –Š‡ Œ—–‡ ‹†—•–”› ‹• •Š‘”– ‹ …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› „› ͳǤͷ ŽƒŠ –‘Ǥ
”‡•‡–Ž›ǡ‹–…ƒ’”‘†—…‡ͳͳŽƒŠ–‘•‘ˆŒ—–‡•ƒ…•Ȁ‰—›„ƒ‰•Ǥ–ǯ•‹•–ƒŽŽ‡†…ƒ’ƒ…‹–›Š‘™‡˜‡”‹•
ͳͷǤͲʹ ŽƒŠ –‘• ƒ† ƒ••—‹‰ ƒ ͺ͵ ’‡”…‡– —–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ ‹–ǯ• •–ƒ–‡† …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› ‹• ͳʹǤͶ͹ ŽƒŠ –‘•Ǥ Š‡

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

14|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

‹†—•–”›‡ƒ”ƒ„—•‹‡••‘ˆƒ”‘—†•ͳͲǡͲͲͲ…”‘”‡„›•‡ŽŽ‹‰‹–•‡–‹”‡’”‘†—…‡–‘ ǡ•—‰ƒ”‹ŽŽ•
ƒ†…‘-‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡•ƒ†‹–Š‡ƒ”‡–Ǥ ƒ‡•ƒ„—Ž’—”…Šƒ•‡‘ˆƒŽ‘•–͵ͷ–ͶͲΨ‘ˆ‹–•’”‘†—…‡Ǥ
ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵ ‹•‡š’‡…–‡†–‘’—”…Šƒ•‡͸Ǥ͵ͶŽƒŠ–‘•ƒ†ͶǤ͵͵ŽƒŠŒ—–‡Ȁ‰—›„ƒ‰•Ǥ
‘•‡“—‡––‘–Š‹•ǡ–Š‡ƒ„‹‡–‘‹––‡‡‘…‘‘‹…ˆˆƒ‹”•ȋȌŠƒ•†‡…‹†‡†‹…–‘„‡”͸Ͷͷͷ–‘
†‹Ž—–‡ƒ†ƒ–‘”›Œ—–‡’ƒ…ƒ‰‹‰‘”•ˆ‘”•—‰ƒ”ƒ†ˆ‘‘†‰”ƒ‹•ǤŠ‡†‹Ž—–‡† ‘”•„›
ͼͶ ’‡” …‡– ˆ‘” •—‰ƒ” ƒ† ͷͶ ’‡” …‡– ‹ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‘‘† ‰”ƒ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ”‡…‘‡†ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡
‹‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•‹‹•–”›ǤŠ‡Žƒ•–†‹Ž—–‹‘™ƒ•†‘‡‹͸ͶͶͷǤ
Chapter 3. Sericulture Sector
†‹ƒ ’”‘†—…‡• four ˜ƒ”‹‡–‹‡• ‘ˆ •‹Ž ’”‘†—…‡†ǡ ˜‹œǤ —Ž„‡””›ǡ ”‹ǡ ƒ•ƒ” ƒ† —‰ƒǤ ‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡
”‘˜‹†‡•‰ƒ‹ˆ—Ž‘……—’ƒ–‹‘–‘ƒ”‘—†͸͵ƒŠ’‡”•‘•‹”—”ƒŽƒ†•‡‹-—”„ƒƒ”‡ƒ•‹†‹ƒǤ
Š‡–‘–ƒŽ’”‘†—…–‹‘•–‘‘†ƒ–ƒ”‘—†ʹ͵ǡͲͲͲ–‘‡•‹–Š‡›‡ƒ” ʹͲͳͳ-ͳʹƒ†‹ʹͲͳʹ-13‹–…‘—Ž†
…”‘•• ʹ͸ǡͲͲͲ –‘‡•Ǥ †‹ƒ ‹• –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ǯ• •‡…‘† Žƒ”‰‡•– ’”‘†—…‡” ‘ˆ •‹Žǡ ƒˆ–‡” Š‹ƒ ™Š‹…Š
’”‘†—…‡•ͳǤʹͲŽƒŠ–‘‡•‡˜‡”››‡ƒ”Ǥ‹Ž’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆŠ‹ƒ‹•†‡…Ž‹‹‰”ƒ’‹†Ž›‹”‡…‡––‹‡•.
 —‰ƒ‹•—‹“—‡‹Šƒ˜‹‰ƒ‰‘Ž†‡•Š‡‡ƒ†‹•ƒ’”‹œ‡†’‘••‡••‹‘‘ˆ†‹ƒǤ—‰ƒ‹•Žƒ”‰‡Ž›
”‡•–”‹…–‡†–‘••ƒƒ†‘–Š‡”‘”–Š-‡ƒ•–‡”•–ƒ–‡•ƒ†”‡…‡–Ž›•’”‡ƒ†–‘‡•–‡‰ƒŽǤ
 „‘—– ͺͲΨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‹Ž ’”‘†—…‡† ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ‹• ‘ˆ —Ž„‡””› •‹Žǡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘ˆ ™Š‹…Š ‹•
’”‘†—…‡† ‹ –Š‡ –Š”‡‡ •‘—–Š‡” –ƒ–‡• ‘ˆ ƒ”ƒ–ƒƒǡ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Š ƒ† ƒ‹Ž ƒ†—
ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›‡•–‡‰ƒŽƒ† ƒ—Ƭƒ•Š‹”Ǥ—Ž„‡””›•‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡‹•’”ƒ…–‹•‡†•‹…‡–‹‡
‹‡‘”‹ƒŽ‹–Š‡‘”–Šƒ•–‡”‡‰‹‘ȋȌǤ
 Š‡ –”‘’‹…ƒŽ ƒ•ƒ” •‹Ž ‹• ’”‘†—…‡† Žƒ”‰‡Ž› ‹ –Š‡ …‡–”ƒŽ †‹ƒ …‘˜‡”‹‰ –Š‡ –”‹„ƒŽ ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ
Šƒ”Šƒ† ǡ ŠŠƒ––‹•‰ƒ”Šǡ ‹Šƒ”ǡ ƒ†Š›ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ ƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡ ––ƒ” ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ †Š”ƒ
”ƒ†‡•Šǡ ”‹••ƒǡ ‡–…Ǥ ƒ ƒ•ƒ” ‹• ’”‘†—…‡† ‹ ƒ‹’—”ǡ ‹œ‘”ƒǡ ƒ‰ƒŽƒ†ǡ ––ƒ”ƒŠƒ†ǡ
ƒ—Ƭƒ•Š‹”ǡ‡–…Ǥ
 ”‹‹•‰”‘™‹••ƒƒ†–Š‡ƒ†Œƒ…‡–‘”–Š-‡ƒ•–‡”•–ƒ–‡•ǡ‹Šƒ”ǡ‡•–‡‰ƒŽƒ††‹•ŠƒǤ
Central Silk Board
‡–”ƒŽ‹Ž‘ƒ”†‹•ƒ•–ƒ–—–‘”›„‘†›ǡ—†‡”–Š‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜‡…‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ–Š‡‹‹•–”›‘ˆ‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ

‘˜–Ǥ‘ˆ†‹ƒǤ•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†‹ͳͻͶͺǡ„›ƒ…–‘ˆƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡–ǡ–Š‡Šƒ•„‡‡‡–”—•–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡
‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰•‹Ž‹†—•–”›…‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ‰ƒ—–‘ˆ•‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•‹
–Š‡…‘—–”›ˆ”‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆˆ‘‘†’Žƒ–•–‘•‹Ž…‘…‘‘•ˆ‘”’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ•‹Ž›ƒ”‹…Ž—†‹‰
ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•‰‘˜‡”‹‰’‘”–Ƭš’‘”–‘ˆ•‹ŽǤ
National Silkworm Seed Organisation, Bangalore
 ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹Ž™‘” ‡‡† ”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ ‡–‹–› —†‡” ‡–”ƒŽ ‹Ž ‘ƒ”†ǡ
‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ –Š‡
Member›‡ƒ”  ͳͻ͹ͷ
Name: sunil   –‘Email
kumar Member's  •—’’Ž‡‡–  –Š‡   ‡ˆˆ‘”–•120.56.225.142
address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com  ‘ˆ   –ƒ–‡ 
‘˜‡”‡–•  ‹
•—’’Ž›‹‰Š‹‰Š“—ƒŽ‹–›Bivoltineƒ†Multibivoltine•‹Ž™‘”•‡‡†•–‘–Š‡ˆƒ”‡”•Ǥ–Šƒ•
ƒ ƒ†ƒ–‡ –‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ǡ —Ž–‹’Ž› ƒ† •—’’Ž› ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡† •‹Ž™‘” •–‘…•ǡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ†

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

15|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

•—’’Ž› ‘ˆ “—ƒŽ‹–› ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ •‹Ž™‘” •‡‡†• ƒ† –”ƒ•ˆ‡” ‘ˆ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† –‘
‹’”‘˜‡–Š‡’”‘†—…–‹˜‹–›ƒ†“—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ•‹ŽǤ
 ‹Ž™‘”‡‡†”‘†—…–‹‘‡–”‡•ȋ•Ȍƒ”‡ˆ—…–‹‘‹‰—†‡”‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––ƒ–‡•–‘
•—’’‘”––Š‡‹†—•–”›Ǥ
Silk Mark
 ‹Ž ƒ” ‹• ƒ —ƒŽ‹–› ••—”ƒ…‡ ƒ„‡Ž •‹‰‹ˆ›‹‰ –Šƒ– ƒ ’”‘†—…– –‘
™Š‹…Š‹–‹•ƒˆˆ‹š‡†‹•ƒ†‡‘ˆ’—”‡•‹Ž™ƒ•Žƒ—…Š‡†ƒ†‹•ƒƒ‰‡†„›
–Š‡ ‹Ž ƒ” ”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ƒ ȋȌǡ ƒ ”‡‰‹•–‡”‡† ‘…‹‡–›
•’‘•‘”‡† „› –Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ ‹Ž ‘ƒ”† —†‡” –Š‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ ‡š–‹Ž‡•Ǥ
‹•Š‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”‡†‹ƒ‰ƒŽ‘”‡Ǥ
 –Šƒ•—–Š‘”‹œ‡†•‡”•ȋ•Ȍ‘ˆ‘˜‡”ʹͲͲͲƒ…”‘••–Š‡…‘—–”›ƒ†–Š‡
•…Š‡‡‹•„‡‹‰‹–”‘†—…‡†–‘ƒ›‡™ƒ”‡ƒ•‹ƒ’Šƒ•‡†ƒ‡”Ǥ‹Žƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡”ƒ†
†‡ƒŽ‡”•‘ˆ”‡’—–‡“—ƒŽ‹ˆ›‹‰…‡”–ƒ‹•‡–…”‹–‡”‹ƒ…ƒ„‡…‘‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡†•‡”ȋȌ‘ˆ‹Ž
ƒ”ǤŽ›—–Š‘”‹œ‡†—•‡”•ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ‘™‡†–‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹–Š‡‹Žƒ”‡š’‘Ǥ
 ‡–”ƒŽ ‹Ž ‘ƒ”† ‹• ƒŽ•‘ …‘‹‰ —’ ™‹–Š ‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ’”‘†—…–• Ž‹‡ •‹Ž †‡‹• ™Š‹…Š ‹•
‡š’‡…–‡†–‘‰‹˜‡ƒ‰‘‘†„‘‘•––‘–Š‡•‹Ž‹†—•–”›Ǥ
Sericulture in RKVY
 ʹͲͳͲǡ ‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡ ™ƒ• ‹…Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ•Š–”‹›ƒ ”‹•Š‹ ‹ƒ• ‘ŒƒƒǤ   ‘™ …‘˜‡”•
•‡”‹…—Ž–—”‡—’–‘–Š‡•–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ…‘…‘‘’”‘†—…–‹‘ƒŽ‘‰™‹–Š‡š–‡•‹‘•›•–‡ˆ‘”…‘…‘‘’”‘†—…–‹‘
ƒ†•‹Ž›ƒ”’”‘†—…–‹‘‹ƒƒ‰”‹‡–‡”’”‹•‡Ǥ
Chapter 4. Wool Sector
‘‘Ž ƒ† ‘‘ŽŽ‡ ‡š–‹Ž‡• †—•–”› ‹• ƒ ”—”ƒŽ „ƒ•‡†ǡ ‡š’‘”– ‘”‹‡–‡† ‹†—•–”› ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡
‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†•‡…–‘”ǡ–Š‡†‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹œ‡†•‡…–‘”ǡƒ†–Š‡”—”ƒŽ•‡…–‘”…‘’Ž‡‡–‡ƒ…Š‘–Š‡”Ǥ†‹ƒ‹•͹–Š
Žƒ”‰‡•– ’”‘†—…‡” ‘ˆ ™‘‘Ž ƒ† …‘–”‹„—–‡• ͳǤͺΨ –‘ –‘–ƒŽ ™‘”Ž† ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‘‘ŽǤ †‹ƒ ‹• –Š‡
second-Žƒ”‰‡•– ‹’‘”–‡” ‘ˆ ™‘‘Ž ƒˆ–‡” Š‹ƒǤ ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ™‘‘Ž ‡š’‘”–• ˆ”‘ †‹ƒǡ ‰ƒ”‡–•
acco—– ˆ‘” ŠƒŽˆǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ‹‹‰ …‘’”‹•‡• ™‘‘Ž –‘’ ȋƒ •‡‹-’”‘…‡••‡† ’”‘†—…– ˆ”‘ ”ƒ™
™‘‘ŽȌǡ›ƒ”ƒ†ˆ‹„”‡Ǥ
Only Natural Fiber in which India is Deficient
 †‹ƒǡ –Š‡ †‘‡•–‹… ’”‘†—…‡ ‹•
ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡ƒ†–Š‡‹†—•–”›‹•
†‡’‡†‡– ‘ ‹’‘”–‡† ”ƒ™
mate”‹ƒŽǤ‘‘Ž‹•–Š‡‘Ž›ƒ–—”ƒŽ
ˆ‹„‡” ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ Member
…‘—–”›
Name: sunil‹•
kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

†‡ˆ‹…‹‡–Ǥ  •ƒŽŽ “—ƒ–‹–› ‘ˆ

•’‡…‹ƒŽ–› ˆ‹„‡” ‹• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† ˆ”‘
ƒ•Š‹ƒ ‰‘ƒ–• ƒ† ‰‘”ƒ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

16|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

”ƒ„„‹–•Ǥ
Production Status:
 ˆ–Š‡–‘–ƒŽ’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ™™‘‘Ž‘Ž›ͷΨ‹•ƒ’’ƒ”‡Ž‰”ƒ†‡
 ƒš‹—ƒ‘—–‘ˆ™‘‘Ž’”‘†—…‡†‹†‹ƒ‹Ǥ‡ǤͺͷΨ‹•…ƒ”’‡–‰”ƒ†‡Ǥ
 ͳͲΨ™‘‘Ž’”‘†—…‡†‹†‹ƒ‹•…‘ƒ”•‡‰”ƒ†‡Ǥ
 ‹–ŠͶͶΨ’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ™‘‘ŽǡƒŒƒ•–ŠƒŽ‡ƒ†•ƒŽŽ•–ƒ–‡•‹†‹ƒǤ
 ƒŒƒ•–Šƒ ‹• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡† „› ƒ— Ƭ ƒ•Š‹”ȋͳ͵ ’‡”…‡–Ȍǡ ƒ”ƒ–ƒƒ ȋͳʹ ’‡”…‡–Ȍ
—Œƒ”ƒ–ǡ
Utta””ƒ†‡•Šǡ†Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•Šǡƒ”›ƒƒȋʹ͵’‡”…‡–ȌǤ
 —†Š‹ƒƒƒŽ‘‡ƒ……‘—–•ˆ‘”‘‡–Š‹”†‘ˆ–‘–ƒŽ—‹–•‹–Š‡†‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹œ‡†Š‘•‹‡”›ƒ†
•Šƒ™Ž•‡…–‘”Ǥ
Central Wool Development Board
Š‡‡–”ƒŽ‘‘Ž‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ƒ”†ȋȌǡ ‘†Š’—”ǡƒŒƒ•–Šƒ™ƒ••‡–—’—†‡”–Š‡ƒŒƒ•–Šƒ
‘…‹‡–‹‡•‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘…–ǡͳͻͷͺ‹ —Ž›ͳͻͺ͹ǡ–‘ƒ†‹‹•–‡”–Š‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘‰”ƒ‡•ƒ†
•…Š‡‡•‹…‡–”ƒŽ•‡…–‘”ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‘‘–‹‘ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ™‘‘Žƒ†™‘‘ŽŽ‡‹†—•–”›‹–Š‡
country.
Integrated Wool Improvement and Development Programme (IWIDP)
Š‡ –‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‘‘Ž ’”‘˜‡‡– Ƭ ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ”‘‰”ƒ‡ ȋȌǡ –Š‡ ˆŽƒ‰•Š‹’ …Š‡‡ ‘ˆ
‘‘Ž‡…–‘”ǡ‹•„‡‹‰‹’Ž‡‡–‡††—”‹‰–Š‡–Š ‹˜‡‡ƒ”Žƒ’‡”‹‘†ƒ–ƒ‡•–‹ƒ–‡†…‘•–‘ˆ`
Ͷͳ…”‘”‡Ǥ
Sheep & Wool Improvement Scheme (SWIS)
Š‡Š‡‡’Ƭ‘‘Ž’”‘˜‡‡–…Š‡‡™ƒ•‹–”‘†—…‡††—”‹‰–Š‡–Š ‹˜‡‡ƒ”Žƒ’‡”‹‘†ǡƒ•
’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‘‘Ž’”‘˜‡‡–”‘‰”ƒ‡ȋȌǡ–‘’”‘˜‹†‡‡ƒŽ–Šƒ”‡–‘•Š‡‡’–‘
‹’”‘˜‡ –Š‡‹” „”‡‡†ǡ –‘ •‡– —’ —Ž–‹’—”’‘•‡ š–‡•‹‘ ‡–”‡•ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ”‡–‹‰ ƒ† •—’’‘”–ǡ
’”‘†—…–†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–—’’‘”–ƒ†ƒ”‡–‹‰ƒ••‹•–ƒ…‡–‘–Š‡„”‡‡†‡”•ǤŠ‡•…Š‡‡‹•…‘–‹—‡†
‹Šˆ‹˜‡›‡ƒ”’ŽƒǤ
Sheep Breeders Insurance Scheme
Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ ‘‘Ž ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ƒ”† ‹• ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ –Š‡ Š‡‡’ ”‡‡†‡”• •—”ƒ…‡ …Š‡‡
†—”‹‰ –Š ‹˜‡ ‡ƒ” Žƒ ’‡”‹‘†Ǥ Š‡ „ƒ•‹… ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Š‡’Š‡”† •—”ƒ…‡ …Š‡‡ ‹• –‘
’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ‡Šƒ…‡†‹•—”ƒ…‡…‘˜‡”–‘Š‡‡’„”‡‡†‡”•‹–Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ–—”ƒŽƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ……‹†‡–ƒŽ
†‡ƒ–ŠǤ—–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ—ƒŽ’”‡‹—‘ˆ•Ǥ͵͵Ͳǡ–Š‡…‘–”‹„—–‹‘ˆ”‘
‹••ǤͳͷͲǡ„”‡‡†‡”••ǤͺͲǡ
ƒ†•ǤͳͲͲ‹•„‘”‡„›ˆ”‘‹–•‘…‹ƒŽ‡…—”‹–› —†•ǤŠ‡„‡‡ˆ‹–•ƒ”‡•Ǥ͸ͲǡͲͲͲ‘ƒ–—”ƒŽ
†‡ƒ–Šƒ†•ǤͳͷͲǡͲͲͲ‘Accidental Death.
Sheep Insurance Scheme:
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com
120.56.225.142

†‹ƒŠƒ•–Š‡–Š‹”†Žƒ”‰‡•–•Š‡‡’’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†™‹–Š͸Ǥͳͷ…”‘”‡•Š‡‡’ǤŠ‡ƒ—ƒŽ™‘‘Ž
’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ Ͷͷ-Ͷͺ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ ‰ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž› ͳǤͺΨ ‘ˆ –‘–ƒŽ ™‘”Ž† ™‘‘Ž
’”‘†—…–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ ‘‘Ž ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ƒ”† ‹• ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ –Š‡ Š‡‡’ •—”ƒ…‡ …Š‡‡

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

17|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

†—”‹‰–ŠǤ–Š‹••…Š‡‡–Š‡’”‹…‡‘ˆƒ•Š‡‡’‹•’‡‰‰‡†•ǤͳʹͲͲƒ†–Š‡‹•—”ƒ…‡…ƒ„‡†‘‡„›

͵ΨΪ•‡”˜‹…‡–ƒš˜‹œǤ•ǤͶͶ’‡”•Š‡‡’Ǥ
Chapter 5. Handloom Sector
†‹ƒǯ•ƒ†Ž‘‘•‡…–‘”‹•…‘ˆ”‘–‡†™‹–Š˜ƒ”‹‘—•’”‘„Ž‡•ǤŠ‡Šƒ†Ž‘‘•‡…–‘”‹••—ˆˆ‡”‹‰†—‡
–‘‹–•˜‡”›ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ„‡‹‰—‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†ƒ††‹•’‡”•‡†ǤŠ‡”‡‹•Žƒ…‘ˆ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ǡŽƒ…‘ˆ‹ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡
™‘”‹‰…ƒ’‹–ƒŽǡ‹ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡ǡ’‘‘”‡š’‘•—”‡–‘‡™–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡƒ„•‡…‡‘ˆƒ”‡–
‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡ǡ•–‹ˆˆ…‘’‡–‹–‹‘™‹–Š‡…Šƒ‹œ‡†•‡…–‘”ƒ†’‘‘”‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”Ǥ
 Š‡ ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ƒǯ• ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ƒ† ’”‘‰”ƒ‡• ‹ –Š‹• •‡…–‘” Ž‹‡• ‘ –Š‡ ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡
structureǡ ™Š‹…Š …‘˜‡”• ‘Ž› ƒ„‘—– ͷͻά ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘–ƒŽ ™‡ƒ˜‡” ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‘•‡ ‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡
…‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ”‡Žƒ”‰‡Ž›ƒ––Š‡‡”…›‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡–ˆ‘”…‡•ƒ†…‘–‹—‡–‘„‡˜—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘
ƒ”‡–˜‘Žƒ–‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—•–›’‡•Ǥ
 Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –™‘ ƒŒ‘” •…Š‡‡• ™‘”‹‰ ‹ –Š‹• •‡…–‘”Ǥ Š‡ –‡‰”ƒ–‡† ƒ†Ž‘‘•
‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–…Š‡‡‹•ˆ‘”ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ…Š‡ƒ’…”‡†‹–ǡ™Š‹Ž‡‹ŽŽ•
ƒ–‡”‹…‡…Š‡‡‹•
‡ƒ–ˆ‘”ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ•—„•‹†‹•‡†Šƒ›ƒ”Ǥ
Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana
 Š‡ƒŠƒ–ƒ
ƒ†Š‹—ƒ”‹ƒ‘Œƒƒȋ
Ȍ‹•„‡‹‰‹’Ž‡‡–‡†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‹ˆ‡
•—”ƒ…‡‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ†‹ƒǤ
 Š‡ ƒ—ƒŽ ’”‡‹— ‹• ` 330/- ’‡” ‡„‡”Ǥ Š‡
 ˆ—†‹‰ ‹• ` ͳͷͲǡ ‡ƒ˜‡”̵•
…‘–”‹„—–‹‘‹•`ͺͲƒ†̵••Šƒ”‡‹•`ͳͲͲǤŠ‡ƒ••—”‡†•—‘ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡ƒ–Š‹•`͸ͲǡͲͲͲ
ƒ†ƒ……‹†‡–ƒŽ†‡ƒ–ŠȀ–‘–ƒŽ†‹•ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‹•`ͳǡͷͲǡͲͲͲǤ
Handloom Mark
Š‡ƒ†Ž‘‘ƒ”™ƒ•Žƒ—…Š‡†„›–Š‡”‹‡‹‹•–‡”‘ˆ†‹ƒ‘ʹͺ–Š —‡ǡ
ʹͲͲ͸ǤŠ‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆƒ†Ž‘‘ƒ”‹•–‘•‡”˜‡ƒ•ƒ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡–‘–Š‡„—›‡”
–Šƒ––Š‡Šƒ†Ž‘‘’”‘†—…–„‡‹‰’—”…Šƒ•‡†‹•ƒ‰‡—‹‡Šƒ†-™‘˜‡’”‘†—…–
ƒ† ‘– ƒ ’‘™‡” Ž‘‘ ‘” ‹ŽŽ ƒ†‡ ’”‘†—…–Ǥ Ž•‘ǡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡™ ‘”‡‹‰ ”ƒ†‡
‘Ž‹…›ǡ ‹…‡–‹˜‡• –‘ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ ’”‘†—…–• „‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ†Ž‘‘ ƒ” Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡
’”‘˜‹†‡†Ǥ Š‡ ‡š–‹Ž‡• ‘‹––‡‡ ‹• –Š‡ ’Ž‡‡–‹‰ ‰‡…› ˆ‘” ’”‘‘–‹‘
‘ˆƒ†Ž‘‘ƒ”Ǥ
Handloom Marketing Complex
™‘”Ž†…Žƒ••ƒ†Ž‘‘ƒ”‡–‹‰‘’Ž‡š‹•—†‡”…‘•–”—…–‹‘ƒ– ƒ’ƒ–Šǡ‡™‡ŽŠ‹–‘’”‘˜‹†‡
‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡•—’’‘”––‘Šƒ†Ž‘‘ƒ‰‡…‹‡•Ǥ
Sant Kabir Award
ƒ– ƒ„‹” ™ƒ”† ‹• „‡‡ ‹‹–‹ƒ–‡† ƒ• ƒ ƒ™ƒ”† ˆ‘” ƒ†Ž‘‘ ™‡ƒ˜‡”• •‹…‡ ʹͲͲͻǤ Š‹• ƒ™ƒ”†
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com
120.56.225.142

‹˜‘Ž˜‡•ƒƒ”ƒ’ƒ–”ƒƒ†ƒˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽƒ••‹•–ƒ…‡‘ˆ•Ǥ͸ǤͲͲƒŠ–‘ƒ™‡ƒ˜‡”™Š‘Šƒ•…”‡ƒ–‡†ͳͲ
‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡†‡•‹‰•Ǥ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

18|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

Comprehensive Powerloom, Handloom and Handicraft Cluster Development Schemes

 ʹͲͲͺǡ –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– Žƒ—…Š‡† –Š‡ …‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡ ’‘™‡”Ž‘‘ǡ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ ƒ† Šƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–
clu•–‡” †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– •…Š‡‡• ™‘”–Š • ͶʹͲ …”‘”‡ ‹ ˆ‹˜‡ •–ƒ–‡•-ƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡ ƒ‹Ž ƒ†—ǡ ––ƒ”
”ƒ†‡•Šǡ••ƒƒ††Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•ŠǤ
 ‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡ ‘™‡”Ž‘‘ Ž—•–‡” ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– …Š‡‡ ȋȌ ™ƒ• Žƒ—…Š‡† ƒ–
Š‹™ƒ†‹‹ƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒƒ†”‘†‡‹ƒ‹Žƒ†—™‹–Šƒ„—†‰‡–’”‘˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ•͹Ͳ…”‘”‡ˆ‘”
‡ƒ…Š…Ž—•–‡”†—”‹‰–Š‡ͳͳ–Šˆ‹˜‡›‡ƒ”’ŽƒǤŠ‡ƒ‹‹•–‘ƒ••‹•––Š‡‡–”‡’”‡‡—”•–‘•‡–—’
world-…Žƒ••—‹–•™‹–Š‘†‡”‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡ǡŽƒ–‡•––‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡƒ†ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ†
Š—ƒ”‡•‘—”…‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹’—–•ƒŽ‘‰™‹–Šƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ƒ”‡–Ž‹ƒ‰‡•Ǥ
 ‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡ƒ†Ž‘‘Ž—•–‡”‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–…Š‡‡ȋȌ™ƒ•Žƒ—…Š‡†ƒ–ƒ”ƒƒ•‹
‹––ƒ””ƒ†‡•Šƒ†‹„•ƒ‰ƒ”‹••ƒ™‹–Šƒ„—†‰‡–’”‘˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ•ͳͶͲ…”‘”‡™‹–Š•
͹Ͳ …”‘”‡ ˆ‘” ‡ƒ…Š …Ž—•–‡” †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ͳͳ–Š ˆ‹˜‡ ›‡ƒ” ’ŽƒǤ Š‡ •…Š‡‡ ‹• –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ˆ‘”
†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡ˆƒ…‡–•‘ˆ•‡Ž‡…–‡†Šƒ†Ž‘‘…Ž—•–‡”•Ž‹‡”ƒ™ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•—’’‘”–ǡ†‡•‹‰
‹’—–•ǡ—’-‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡƒ”‡–‹‰•—’’‘”–ǡ™‡Žˆƒ”‡
‘ˆ™‡ƒ˜‡”•‡–…Ǥ
 ‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡ ƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–• Ž—•–‡” ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– …Š‡‡ ȋȌ ™ƒ• Žƒ—…Š‡† ƒ–
‘”ƒ†ƒ„ƒ†‹––ƒ””ƒ†‡•Šƒ†ƒ”ƒ•ƒ’—” ‹†Š”ƒ”ƒ†‡•ŠǤ‹–Šƒ„—†‰‡–’”‘˜‹•‹‘
‘ˆ•͹Ͳ…”‘”‡‡ƒ…Š…Ž—•–‡”†—”‹‰–Š‡ͳͳ–Š ˆ‹˜‡›‡ƒ”’Žƒǡ–Š‹••…Š‡‡™‘—Ž†‡Šƒ…‡–Š‡
…‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ …Ž—•–‡” ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡† ƒ”‡–
•Šƒ”‡ǡ‡•—”‡‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•…ƒ––‡”‡†ƒ”–‹•ƒ•ƒ†Ž‹‹‰–Š‡–‘•ǡ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡
ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ‹˜‡Ž‹Š‘‘†‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡•‡–…Ǥ
Š‡•‡•…Š‡‡•ƒ”‡„‡‹‰‹’Ž‡‡–‡†–Š”‘—‰Š’—„Ž‹…-privƒ–‡’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’‘†‡Ž„‡–™‡‡…‡–”ƒŽǡ
•–ƒ–‡‰‘˜‡”‡–ǡ„‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒ”›™‡ƒ˜‡”•ƒ†–Š‡‹”‰”‘—’•ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽŽ›…”‡†‹–™‘”–Š›ƒ†…‘‡”…‹ƒŽŽ›
Ž‹‡†ƒ”‡–‹‰‡–‡”’”‹•‡•ƒ†–Š‡ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆˆ‹˜‡›‡ƒ”•„‡‰‹‹‰ˆ”‘
2008-Ͳͻ—’–‘ʹͲͳʹ-13.
Chapter 6. Handicrafts Sector
ƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–• ƒ…–‹˜‹–› „‡‹‰ ƒ –ƒ–‡ •—„Œ‡…–ǡ ‹–• †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ƒ† ’”‘‘–‹‘ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ’”‹ƒ”›
”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ‡˜‡”›–ƒ–‡
‘˜‡”‡–Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡‡–”ƒŽ
‘˜‡”‡–‹••—’’Ž‡‡–‹‰–Š‡‹”
‡ˆˆ‘”–•„›‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰˜ƒ”‹‘—•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ•…Š‡‡•Ǥ
Indian Institutes of Handloom Technology (IIHTS)
TŠ‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ͷ †‹ƒ •–‹–—–‡• ‘ˆ ƒ†Ž‘‘ ‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› (IIHTsȌ ™Š‹…Š ’”‘˜‹†‡ “—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ†
–”ƒ‹‡†ƒ’‘™‡”–‘–Š‡ƒ†Ž‘‘‡…–‘”ƒ†—†‡”–ƒ‡‡š’‡”‹‡–ƒŽƒ†”‡•‡ƒ”…Š’”‘‰”ƒ‡•
‘ƒŽŽƒ•’‡…–•‘ˆ–Š‡Šƒ†Ž‘‘‹†—•–”›ǤŠ‡•‡ƒ”‡
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

 ƒ”ƒƒ•‹ǡ
 ƒŽ‡ǡ
 
—™ƒŠƒ–‹ǡ
  ‘†Š’—”

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

19|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

 ƒ”‰ƒ”Šǡ”‹••ƒǤ
Crafts Museum
Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–•ƒ†ƒ†Ž‘‘•—•‡—’‘’—Žƒ”Ž›‘™ƒ•”ƒˆ–•—•‡—‹•Ž‘…ƒ–‡†ƒ–
”ƒ‰ƒ–‹ƒ‹†ƒǡ‡™‡ŽŠ‹ǤŠ‡—•‡—Šƒ•ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ‘˜‡”͵ʹǡͲͲͲƒ”–‹ˆƒ…–•…‘•‹•–‹‰‘ˆ‡–ƒŽ
…‘ǡ ƒ’•ǡ …‡•‡ —”‡”•ǡ ‹–—ƒŽ ƒ……‡••‘”‹‡•ǡ ‹–‡• ‘ˆ ‡˜‡”›†ƒ› Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ ‘‘† …ƒ”˜‹‰•ǡ ƒ‹–‡†
™‘‘† ƒ† ƒ’‡” ƒ…Š‡ǡ ‘ŽŽ•ǡ ‘›•ǡ —’’‡–•ǡ ƒ••ǡ ‘Ž ƒ† –”‹„ƒŽ ’ƒ‹–‹‰• ƒ† •…—Ž’–—”‡•ǡ
‡””ƒ…‘––ƒǡ ‘ŽƬ”‹„ƒŽŒ‡™‡ŽŽ‡”›ƒ†ƒ‡–‹”‡•‡…–‹‘‘ˆ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ†‹ƒ–‡š–‹Ž‡•Ǥ
Handloom Export Promotion Council (HEPC)
Š‡ƒ†Ž‘‘š’‘”–”‘‘–‹‘‘—…‹ŽȋȌ™ƒ••‡–—’‹–Š‡›‡ƒ”ͳͻ͸ͷ™‹–Š’”‹‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡
‘ˆ’”‘‘–‹‰‡š’‘”–•‘ˆƒ†-™‘˜‡’”‘†—…–•‘ˆ…‘––‘ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ••‹Žƒ†”‡ƒ†›ƒ†‡‰ƒ”‡–•Ǥ
Handloom Export Zone (HEZ)
 ‘”†‡” –‘ …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ •—’’Ž› Š—„ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡ ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ‡š’‘”– ’”‘†—…–•ǡ  Šƒ•
…‘…‡‹˜‡† ƒ ‘˜‡Ž ’”‘Œ‡…– ‘ˆ ‹–• ‹† ™‹–Š ƒ ƒ”‡– Ž‹ƒ‰‡ ‘™ ƒ• ̶ƒ†Ž‘‘ š’‘”– ‘‡̶Ǥ
ƒ†Ž‘‘š’‘”–‘‡ȋȌ‹•…—””‡–Ž› —†‡”‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ–˜ƒ”‹‘—•Šƒ†Ž‘‘…Ž—•–‡”•ƒ–
Nƒ‰‡”…‘‹Žǡ ƒ…Š‡‡’—”ƒ †‹•–”‹…–ǡ Š‹”—˜ƒƒƒŽƒ‹ǡ ‹”—†Š—ƒ‰ƒ” ƒ† Š‹”—˜ƒŽŽ—˜ƒ” †‹•–”‹…– ‹
ƒ‹Žƒ†—‘Ž›Ǥ
Handicraft Museum - Gondamunda, Odisha
 —Ž›ʹͲͳʹǡ†‹•Šƒ‰‘˜‡”‡–Šƒ•†‡…‹†‡†–‘•‡–—’ƒ•–ƒ–‡—•‡—‘ˆŠƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–ƒ†Šƒ†Ž‘‘
ƒ–
‘†ƒ—†ƒ‘–Š‡‘—–•‹”–•‘ˆŠ—„ƒ‡•™ƒ”ƒ–ƒ‹˜‡•–‡–‘ˆ•ͳʹ…”‘”‡Ǥ’”‡ƒ†‘˜‡”ƒ
ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆͳʹǤ͸ͺƒ…”‡•ǡ–Š‡—•‡—™‹ŽŽŠ‘—•‡Šƒ†Ž‘‘„Ž‘…ǡŠƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–„Ž‘…ǡ‘‡‘’‡ƒ‹”–Š‡ƒ–”‡ǡ
˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡…‘’Ž‡šǡ™‘”•Š‘’„Ž‘…ǡ•‘—˜‡‹”•Š‘’ǡƒ†…ƒˆ‡–‡”‹ƒǤ
Chapter 7. Textile Sector : Miscellaneous notes
Integrated Handloom Development Scheme:
Š‡ •…Š‡‡ ‹• ˆ‘” –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ •‡…–‘” ƒ† ™‡Žˆƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ†Ž‘‘ ™‡ƒ˜‡”•Ǥ Š‡
•…Š‡‡ƒŽ•‘ƒ‹•–‘ˆ‘…—•‘ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ™‡ƒ˜‡”•‰”‘—’•ƒ•ƒ˜‹•‹„Ž‡‡–‹–›ǡ†‡˜‡Ž‘’–Š‡Šƒ†Ž‘‘
W‡ƒ˜‡”•
”‘—’•–‘„‡…‘‡•‡Žˆ-•—•–ƒ‹ƒ„Ž‡ǡ‹…Ž—•‹˜‡ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š–‘…‘˜‡”™‡ƒ˜‡”•„‘–Š™‹–Š‹ƒ†
‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡ …‘-‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ˆ‘Ž† ǡ •‹ŽŽ —’‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ ™‡ƒ˜‡”•Ȁ™‘”‡”• –‘ ’”‘†—…‡
†‹˜‡”•‹ˆ‹‡† ’”‘†—…–• ™‹–Š ‹’”‘˜‡† “—ƒŽ‹–› –‘ ‡‡– –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ”‡“—‹”‡‡–•ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡ •—‹–ƒ„Ž‡
™‘”’Žƒ…‡–‘™‡ƒ˜‡”•–‘‡ƒ„Ž‡–Š‡–‘’”‘†—…‡ƒ“—ƒŽ‹–›’”‘†—…–•™‹–Š‹’”‘˜‡†’”‘†—…–‹˜‹–›‡–…Ǥ
Revival Reforms and Restructuring package for Handlooms:
 †‡”–Š‡•…Š‡‡ǡˆ—†‹•„‡‹‰’”‘˜‹†‡†ˆ‘””‡’ƒ›‡–‘ˆͳͲͲΨ‘ˆ’”‹…‹’ƒŽƒ†ʹͷΨ‘ˆ
‹–‡”‡•– ƒ• ‘ –Š‡ †ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ Ž‘ƒ „‡…‘‹‰  ƒ† ™Š‹…Š ‹• ‘˜‡”†—‡ ƒ• ‘ ͵ͳǤͲ͵ǤʹͲͳͲ ‹
”‡•’‡…– ‘ˆ ˜‹ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ† ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ› ˜‹ƒ„Ž‡ ”‹ƒ”› ‡ƒ˜‡”• ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘…‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† ’‡š
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

‘…‹‡–‹‡• ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ‹ ”‡•’‡…– ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Šƒ†Ž‘‘ ™‡ƒ˜‡”•ǡ ƒ•–‡” ™‡ƒ˜‡”•ǡ ‡Žˆ ‡Ž’

”‘—’• ƒ† ‘‹– ‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›
”‘—’• ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ –ƒ‡ •—…Š Ž‘ƒ• ˆ‘” Šƒ†Ž‘‘ ™‡ƒ˜‹‰
’—”’‘•‡•ǡ’”‘˜‹†‡†–Š‡„ƒ•ƒ‰”‡‡ˆ‘”•ƒ…–‹‘‹‰ˆ”‡•ŠŽ‘ƒ•ǤŠ‡”‡™‘—Ž†„‡ƒ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

20|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

…‡‹Ž‹‰ ‘ˆ ` ͷͲǡͲͲͲ ’‡” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ „‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒ”› ƒ• ˆƒ” ƒ• ˆ—†‹‰ —†‡” –Š‹• •…Š‡‡ ‹•
…‘…‡”‡†‹”‡•’‡…–‘ˆ™ƒ‹˜‡”‘ˆ‘˜‡”†—‡•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŠƒ†Ž‘‘™‡ƒ˜‡”•ǤŠ‡•…Š‡‡‹•
‹’Ž‡‡–‡†„›Ǥ
Current Development of Mega Clusters
Š‡—†‰‡–ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵’”‘˜‹†‡†ˆ—†•–‘–ƒ‡—’‡Ž‡˜‡‡–”‡•ˆ‘”‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒ•‡‰ƒŽ—•–‡”at
 ƒ”ƒƒ•‹ǡ‹˜•ƒ‰ƒ”ǡ‹”—†Š—ƒ‰ƒ”ƒ†—”•Š‹†ƒ„ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒ†Ž‘‘•ǡ
 Š‹™ƒ†‹ǡŠ‹Ž™ƒ”ƒƒ†”‘†‡ˆ‘”‘™‡”Ž‘‘•ƒ†
 ƒ”•ƒ’—”ǡŠƒ†‘Š‹‹”œƒ’—”ǡ”‹ƒ‰ƒ”ƒ†‘”ƒ†ƒ„ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒ†‹…”ƒˆ–•Ǥ
Technology Up-gradation Fund Scheme(TUFS)
 Š‡ …Š‡‡ ’”‘˜‹†‡• ˆ‘” ”‡‹„—”•‡‡– ‘ˆ ͷΨ ‘—– ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡•– ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ› …Šƒ”‰‡† „› –Š‡
Ž‡†‹‰ƒ‰‡…‹‡•ˆ‘”ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‹‰‹˜‡•–‡–‹‘†‡”‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡š–‹Ž‡• —–‡†—•–”‹‡•ǤŠ‡
•…Š‡‡ ‹• „‡‹‰ ‘’‡”ƒ–‡† –Š”‘—‰Š ‘†ƒŽ ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ȋǡǤ  ƒ† ƒŒ‘” ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹œ‡†
banks).
Cotton Corporation of India
Š‡ ‘––‘ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ƒ ȋȌ ‹• ƒ†ƒ–‡† –‘ —†‡”–ƒ‡ —’’‘”– ”‹…‡ ’‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ
Š‡‡˜‡”–Š‡ƒ”‡–’”‹…‡‘ˆƒ’’ƒ•ˆƒŽŽ•„‡Ž‘™Ȁ–‘—…Š‡•–Š‡‹‹—•—’’‘”–’”‹…‡ȋȌǡ–Š‡
‹•–‘—†‡”–ƒ‡—’’‘”–”‹…‡’‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†’—”…Šƒ•‡ƒ’’ƒ•ƒ–ǤŠ‡Ž‘••ǡ‹ˆƒ›ǡ‹…—””‡†
‘ƒ……‘—–‘ˆ—’’‘”–”‹…‡’‡”ƒ–‹‘‹•”‡‹„—”•‡†–‘„›–Š‡
‘˜‡”‡–Ǥ
Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks(SITP):
Š‡…Š‡‡ˆ‘”–‡‰”ƒ–‡†‡š–‹Ž‡ƒ”•ȋȌŠƒ•„‡‡Žƒ—…Š‡†„›‡”‰‹‰–Š‡’’ƒ”‡Ž‡š–‹Ž‡
ƒ”•ƒ†’‰”ƒ†‹‰ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–‹‡•‘ˆ‡š–‹Ž‡‰”‘™–Š…‡–‡”•Ǥ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹’—”’‘•‡•‘ˆ
‹–”‘†—…‹‰–Š‡‹•–‘’”‘˜‹†‡–Š‡†—•–”›™‹–Š™‘”Ž†…Žƒ••‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–‹‡•ˆ‘”•‡––‹‰
—’ –Š‡‹” ‡š–‹Ž‡ ‹–•Ǥ Š‡ •…Š‡‡ ™‘—Ž† ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ ‡š–‹Ž‡ —‹–• –‘ ‡‡– ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ
‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•Ǥ
Scheme for Usage of Geotextiles in North Eastern Region
 Š‡ —†‰‡– ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵ǡ ‹– Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‘’‘•‡† –‘ ‹–”‘†—…‡ ƒ ’Žƒ •…Š‡‡ ˆ‘” ’”‘‘–‹‘ ƒ†
ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‰‡‘-–‡š–‹Ž‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‘”–Š ƒ•–‡” ‡‰‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹• –‘ —–‹Ž‹•‡ ‰‡‘-–‡š–‹Ž‡• ‹ –Š‡
†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ  ‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡ –Š”‘—‰Š ’‹Ž‘– ’”‘Œ‡…–• ‹‹–‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ —Ž–‹ƒ–‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ
‡•—”‹‰—•‡‘ˆ‘†‡”…‘•–‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›‹–Š‡ƒ†‘–Š‡””‡‰‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›‘ƒ
Žƒ”‰‡ •…ƒŽ‡Ǥ ‘–‡–‹ƒŽ ƒ”‡ƒ• ™Š‡”‡ ‰‡‘ –‡š–‹Ž‡• …ƒ „‡ —•‡† ƒ”‡ ‡™ ‘ƒ†•Ǣ ‹˜‡” ƒ ”‘•‹‘
‘–”‘ŽǢŽ‘’‡”‘•‹‘‘–”‘Ž‹‹ŽŽ•ƒ†„ƒ‡–•
Scheme for Promoting of Agro textiles in North Eastern Region
 —†‰‡– ʹͲͳʹ-ͳ͵ǡ –Š‹• •…Š‡‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‘’‘•‡† –‘ —–‹Ž‹•‡ ‰”‘–‡š–‹Ž‡• ‹ ‹’”‘˜‹‰ –Š‡
Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

Š‘”–‹…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†ˆŽ‘”‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’”‘†—…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘”–Šƒ•–‡”–ƒ–‡•Ǥ‹–Š‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ƒ……‡’–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ
‰”‘‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ ‡–”‡’”‡‡—”•Š‹’ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ ƒ‰”‘–‡š–‹Ž‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ™‹ŽŽ ‰‡– ƒ

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

21|P a g e 

  General Studies Manual for UPSC and State Public Service Examinations
Indian Economy 8: Textile and Handicrafts

impetusǤ Š‡ ‰”‘™–Š ‘ˆ —•ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‰”‘–‡š–‹Ž‡• ’”‘†—…–• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ™‹ŽŽ –Š—• „‡‡ˆ‹– „‘–Š
ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–—”‹•–•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•–‡š–‹Ž‡‡–”‡’”‡‡—”•‹–Š‡…‘—–”›Ǥ


Member Name: sunil kumar Member's Email address: tripathisunilkumar21@gmail.com 120.56.225.142

© 2010-2013 Suresh Soni | All Rights Reserved | Email: suresh@gktoday.in

22|P a g e