Freetown City Administrative Complex

CALCULATION
(Wastewater Treatment Facility)
 Sierra Leone
Wasteswater Treatment Facility
Caculation Sheet for Drawing

(Design capacity : 330 ton/day)

2014. 08

289 Munjung-dong Songpa-gu Seoul Korea http://www.gakyung.co.kr

TEL :+82-2-2047-1300 FAX :+82-2-2047-1313 e-maIl : gakyung@chollian.net

■ Mass Balance (TEMP 20℃)

Raw water Screen Effulent Bioreactor Influent Bioreactor Effulent Treated Water
Bioreactor Efficiency A/C Efficiency
Q = 330.0 Q = 330.0 Q = 331.4 Q = 328.72 Q = 328.72
BOD = 66.0 (200.0) BOD = 66.0 (200.0) BOD = 67.0 (202.2) BOD = 97.5% BOD = 1.6 (5.0) BOD = 60.0% BOD = 0.7 (2.0)
COD = 54.5 (165.0) COD = 54.5 (165.0) COD = 55.3 (166.8) COD = 88.0% COD = 6.6 (20.0) COD = 60.0% COD = 2.6 (8.0)
SS = 66.0 (200.0) SS = 56.1 (170.0) SS = 57.5 (173.4) SS = 97.1% SS = 1.6 (5.0) SS = 60.0% SS = 0.7 (2.0)
T-N = 13.2 (40.0) T-N = 13.2 (40.0) T-N = 13.3 (40.1) T-N = 55.1% T-N = 5.9 (18.0) T-N = 44.4% T-N = 3.3 (10.0)
T-P = 2.0 (6.00) T-P = 2.0 (6.00) T-P = 2.1 (6.19) T-P = 70.9% T-P = 0.59 (1.8) T-P = 44.4% T-P = 0.33 (1.0)
coliform 100,000 coliform 100,000 coliform 100,000 coliform 99.7% coliform 300 coliform 100.0% coliform 0

Aeration +
Sewage Influent SCREEN Equalization Tank Anoxic Anaerobic Exhausting A/C FILTER Outflow
Membrane

Inner Recycling
Screen Efficiency
Supernatant
BOD = 0.0% Q = 1.42
COD = 0.0% BOD = 1.01 (714.3)
SS = 15.0% COD = 0.84 (589.3)
T-N = 0.0% SS = 1.35 (952.4) WAS
T-P = 0.0% T-N = 0.09 (66.7) Q = 2.70
대장균수 0.0% T-P = 0.07 (51.5) BOD = 20.3 (7,500)
COD = 16.7 (6,188)
SS = 27.0 (10,000)
Sludge Thickening Tank
T-N = 1.9 (700)
T-P = 1.46 (540)

sludge(water content 98%) = 0.98

Legend Standard for Design Recovery ratio of solids = 0.95 Thickened Sludge
Q= ㎥/d Anoxic 35.3 ㎥ Q = 1.28
Disposal
BOD = ㎏/d (㎎/L) Anaerobic 23.5 ㎥ BOD = 19.3 (15,000)
COD = ㎏/d (㎎/L) Reacto Aeration 44.9 ㎥ COD = 15.9 (12,375)
SS = ㎏/d (㎎/L) r Membrane 92.9 ㎥ SS = 25.7 (20,000)
T-N = ㎏/d (㎎/L) Exhausting 12 ㎥ T-N = 1.8 (1,400)
T-P = ㎏/d (㎎/L) SUM 208 ㎥ T-P = 1.4 (1,081)
F/M비 0.147 HRT 15.09
MLSS 7,000 SRT 60.0
 Process Calculation

1. Background of Design

1-1 Application of Facility :

1-2 Numbers of People :

1-3 Designed Amount of Sewage : 330 ㎥/day

1-4 Water Quality

Item Raw water Treated water Efficiency

BOD5 200 ㎎/ℓ 5 ㎎/ℓ 97.5% more than

CODmn 165 ㎎/ℓ 20 ㎎/ℓ 87.9% more than

SS 200 ㎎/ℓ 5 ㎎/ℓ 97.5% more than

T-N 40 ㎎/ℓ 18 ㎎/ℓ 55.0% more than

T-P 6 ㎎/ℓ 1.8 ㎎/ℓ 70.0% more than

Coliforms 100,000 ㎎/ℓ 300 ㎎/ℓ 99.7% more than

1-5 Name of Process : HANT Process

(Guaranteed by Ministry of Environment )
 Process Calculation

1-6 Flow of Process

Inflow

Grit Chamber & Screen

Supernatant
Flow Control Tank

DRUM SCREEN

Inner Recycling
Anoxic Tank

Anaerobic Tank

Aeration Tank

Separation Tank O2 Exhausting Tank Sludge Thickening Tank

Filtrate Tank Disposal

A/C FILTER

Treated Water Tank

Outflow
 Process Calculation

2. Unit Processes

2-1 GRIT CHAMBER

Function
■ Removal of relatively heavy substances such as grit, clay, rubber, metal and plastic

Standard for Installation

■ Effective capacity is more than 1/60 of maximal amount of sewage for an hour and
average flow velocity is about 0.3m/sec
■ If the number of target people is less than 1,000, it may not be necessary.

*Designed Capacity(V) = Maximal Amount of Sewage for an hour ×1/60

(If designed average flow rate is 0 to 400㎥/d,
maximal amount of sewage for an hour = designed average flow rate ×
2.5,
If 400 to 2,000㎥/d, then designed average flow rate ×2.25)

330 ㎥/day 1
V= ( × ) × 2.5 = 0.573 ㎥
24 60

* Tank Size : 1.5 W × 1.5 L × 0.8 H( 0.5 ) = 1.13 ㎥

 Process Calculation
2-2 Screen

Function
■ Screen and remove relatively bigger substances to protect following machines and pipes

Standard for Installation

■ Install the coarse screen(pitch size 30mm) and fine screen(pitch size 10mm)
■ Install drum screen with mesh(sized #30~#60) to remove solids in sewage to minimize
the fouling of membrane.

*Tank Size : 0.7 W × 2.5 L × 0.8 H( 0.4 ) = 0.70 ㎥ (2 sets-1 set as stand by)
* Retention Time : 3.1 min
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-101
Coarse Screen 30 mm - STS304 - 2 SET
A(B)

M-102 Fine Screen 10 mm - STS304 - 1 SET

M-103 Screw Screen 5 mm - STS304 0.75㎾ 1 SET

 Process Calculation
2-3 Flow Control Tank (Equalization Tank)

Function
■ Adjust and equalize the flow and BOD load of raw water. To prevent decay of sediment,
they usually use stirrer.

Standard for Installation

■ If the daily maximal amount of sewage is less than 100ton/d, the retention time of tank is
about 12hrs. If more than 100ton/d, retention time is over 10hrs.
■ Agitator has to be installed(We usually use submersible agitator).
■ Effective depth is about 1m(If the number of target people is over 500, over 1.5m).
Effective depth does not include the height of 50cm from the bottom of tank and below
the water surface.
■ If pumps are used to transfer the sewage, they has to be more than two(including spare)

Q
*Capacity : V = ( ) × 10
24

330 ㎥/day
V=( ) × 10 = 137.5 ㎥
24

* Tank Size : 6.6 W × 8.4 L × 3.3 H( 2.3 ) = 126.8 ㎥

*Retention Time : 9.2 hrs.
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-201
Raw Water Pump 80A x 0.3㎥/min x 12mH 2.2㎾ 2 SET Sub.
A(B)
Drum
M-202 Fine Screen #30×500Φ - STS304 0.75㎾ 1 SET
Screen

M-203 Sub. Mixer 1200RPM 3.7㎾ 1 SET Propeller

 Process Calculation
2-4 Bioreactor

Function
■ Bioreactor consists of anoxic tank, anaerobic tank, aerobic tank(separation tank) and
O2 exhausting tank. Micro filter is installed in aerobic tank. Because micro filter has very
small pore size(0.4㎛), high conc. of microorganism can be retained in aerobic tank.
It makes it possible to accomplish the high treatment efficiency.

Standard for Installation

■ The range of effective depth is 2m to 5m.
■ Aerator can supply air to stir the sewage equally. The concentration of dissolved oxygen
(DO) has to be over 1ppm.
■ Age of sludge in this HANT process is 30~90days and the MLSS is 5,000~15,000 mg/ℓ.
F/M ratio is 0.015~0.66kg·BOD/kg·MLSS and BOD volume·load is 0.05~2.64kg·BOD/㎥
The pore size is 0.4㎛ and the flux is less than 0.3㎥/㎡·day.
■ The retention time of anaerobic tank is over 1.0hr.

Standard of Design
■ Temp. ## ℃
■ DO 2.0 ㎎/ℓ
■ Target SRTaerobic 60 days(30~70)
■ Volatile Solids of Influent TSS 70% (70~80%)
■ Volatile Fraction of Solids(MLSS) 75% (70~80=75%), non-volatile solids = 20.5~23.6%
■ Nitrogen Content in Waste Sludge ##
(7~12% of WAS, 11~12% of Heterotrophic Biomass Produced)

■ Defitrification Rate(k1) 0.035 ㎎.NO3-N/㎎.MLSS.day

(0.03~1.2㎎.NO3-N/㎎.MLSS.day)

■ Heterotrophic Yield(Yh ) 0.6 (0.2~0.7㎎.TSS/㎎.BOD5removed)

■ Heterotrophic Decay Coefficient(bh ) 0.1 (0.025~0.08d-1)

■ Heterotrophic Observed Yield(Yobs ) ## Y1/(1+b.SRTaerobic)
 Process Calculation
1) Anoxic Tank

Total Nitrogen in Influent : 13.29 ㎏/day

Total Nitrogen in Effluent : 5.92 ㎏/day
Effluent TKN 0.33 ㎏/day Effluent Nitrate 5.59 ㎏/day
The amount of nitrogen in sludge
*Nitrogen in WAS = WAS x N% in WAS
1) WAS 25.69 ㎏/day
2) Nitrogen percentage in WAS 7%
3) Nitrogen Assimilated 1.80 ㎏/day

T-N to be removed : 5.58 ㎏/day

* The amount of sludge internally recycled

QIMLR

Q Aerobic(membrane
Anoxic Anaerobic Exhauster
)
Zone Zone Zone
Zone
Q

* Internal recycle rate can be calculated by influent and effluent concentration of ammonia
and effluent concentration of nitrate.

R = (NH3in - NH3eff) ÷ NO3eff - 1

NH3in 40.1 ㎎/ℓ NH3eff 1 ㎎/ℓ NO3eff 17 ㎎/ℓ

Internal Recycling Ratio : over 130% (1.5Q)

 Process Calculation
* Capacity

V = The total amount of nitrogen removed ÷ (Denitrification rate x MLSS) x 1000

1) Total N to be removed 5.58 ㎏/day
2) Denitrification rate 0.035 ㎎.NO3-N/㎎.MLSS.day
3) MLSS 7,000 ㎎/ℓ

The capacity of anoxic tank 22.77 ㎥

*Tank Size : 4.5 W × 2.8 L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 35.3 ㎥

*Retention Time : 2.6 hr
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-301 Sub. Mixer 1200RPM 0.75㎾ 1 SET Propeller

 Process Calculation
2) Anaerobic Tank

■ The capacity of anaerobic tank is determined by the retention time of anaerobic tank.
The HRT of anaerobic tank is over 1.0 hr.
Retention Time(hr) over 1 hr이상
Flow Rate(㎥/day) 330 ㎥
over= 13.8 ㎥
Capacity of anaerobic tank = Flow rate(㎥/day) ÷ 24hr/day x HRT(hr)

*Tank Size : 3.0 W × 2.8 L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 23.5 ㎥

*Retention Time : 1.7 hr
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-401 Sub. Mixer 1200RPM 0.75㎾ 1 SET Propeller

3) Aeration Tank : 1st Aeration Zone + Separation Zone

■ Flow Rate 330 ㎥/day

■ F/M Ratio 0.015~0.66 ㎏.BOD/㎏.MLSS

■ BOD Volume Load 0.05~2.64 ㎏.BOD/㎥.day

■ Conc. of MLSS 5,000~15,000 ㎎/ℓ

■ Flux 0.3 ㎥/㎡.day

* Tank Size
- 1st aeration zone :3.0 W × ## L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 44.9 ㎥
- Separation zone :6.2 W × ## L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 92.9 ㎥
* Total Capacity : 137.8 ㎥
* Retention Time :10.0 hr
 Process Calculation
BOD × Q = 202.2 kg/day × 1000 = 0.147
*F/M Ratio =
V × MLSS 196.6 ㎥ × 7,000 mg/ℓ

* The amount of membrane

Amount of membrane(NMF) = AMF / AF
AMF(membrane surface area) = Flow rate/FLUX
= 330 ㎥/day ÷ 0.3 ㎥/㎡.day
= 1100 ㎡
AF (FRAME Area) = 1100 ㎡ ÷ 120 ㎡/Frame = 9.17 Frame ≒ 10 Frame

Total Surface Area of Membrane = 10 Frame × 120 ㎡/Frame = 1200 ㎡

*ACCESSORY (Aeration Zone)

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

Membrane
M-501 Air Diffuser Φ300×120L/min - 6 EA Disk

*ACCESSORY (Separation Zone)

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-601
Suction Pump 40A x 0.18㎥/min x 9mH 0.6㎾ 4 SET Self-Primary
A~(D)
Membrane
M-603 SUR234W-120.0㎡(0.4㎛) - 10 SET PE
(Hollow Fiber)
M-604 Membrane Frame 530W x 1,220L x 1,250H - 10 SET STS304
Membrane
M-605 600W x 1,450L x 1,500H - 2 SET STS304
Cleaning
Momentary Flow
M-606
Meter 40A - 2 SET
AB (Orifice)
M-607 TMP Pressure
0 ~ 760mmHg × 100Φ - 2 SET
AB Guage
Cleaning fluid
M-608 50A×0.1㎥/min×8mH 0.4㎾ 1 SET Removable
transfer pumps
M-609
Hoist 1.0TON 1.9㎾ 2 SET
AB
Membrane
M-610 Air Diffuser Φ300×120L/min - 4 EA Disk
 Process Calculation
■ O2 Requirement
* Calculation of O2 requirement (Ototal = O1 + O2 + O3 + O4)

1) O1 : The amount of oxygen for BOD oxidation(kg·O2/day)

= a(0.5~0.7) x (amount of BOD removal) -2.86 x (amount of nitrogen denitrified)
2) O2 : The amount of oxygen for endogenous repiration (kg·O2/day)
= b(0.05~0.15) x Volume of aeration zone x MLVSS(0.6~0.8MLSS)
3) O3 : The amount of oxygen for nitrification(kg·O2/day)
= 4.57 x (Influent TKN-Effluent TKN-amount of removed TKN through cell synthesis)
4) O4 : The amount of oxygen discharged from process(kg·O2/day)

Ototal : The amount of oxygen demand(kg·O2/day)

a : The ratio of oxygen demand for catabolism(kg·O2/kg·BOD)
b : Oxygen consumption rate constant for endogenous respiration(kg·O2/kg·MLVSS·day)

O1 = 0.6 × 65.4 - 2.86 × 5.58 = 23.26 kg·O2/day

O2 = 0.05 × 137.8 × 0.75 × 7,000 ㎎/ℓ ÷ 1000 = 36.18 kg·O2/day
O3 = 4.57 × ( 13.29 - 0.33 - 1.80 ) = 51.03 kg·O2/day
O4 = not considered

Ototal : Total oxygen demand(kg·O2/day) = 110.47 kg·O2/day

* Calculation of the amount of oxygen biologically needed

110.47 kg·O2/day
= 398.82 ㎥·Air/day
0.277 kg·O2/㎥·Air

Because oxygen usage rate is 3% and effective depth of aeration zone is 2.8m,

398.82 ㎥·Air/day
= 13293.88 ㎥·Air/day = 9.23 ㎥·Air/day
0.03
 Process Calculation
* The amout of air for the operation of membrane
1.0 ㎥/set·min × 10 SET = 10 ㎥/min

* Because the amount of air for biological respiration is more than that for the operation
of membrane, the amount for repiration is adapted and applied to design.

4) Exhausting Tank
(Q + QIMLR) x D.O
* Capacity(V) =
E.D
-.D.O(DO in mixed water) : 2.0mg/ℓ
-.IMLR : 1.5Q(150%)
-.E.D(Endogenous Demand) : 20mg/ℓ·hr

( 330 + 2 × 330 )㎥ /day × 2 mg/ℓ

V = = over 3.44 ㎥
20 mg/ℓ·hr × 24 hr/day

*Tank Size : 1.5 W × 2.8 L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 11.8 ㎥

*Retention Time : 0.9 hr
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-701 Internal Recycle

80A x 0.45㎥/min x 10mH 2.2㎾ 2 SET Sub.
A(B) Pump
 Process Calculation
2-5 Filtrate Tank

Function
■ Store and supply filtrate to the A/C filter tank to adsorb and remove metal, odor and color
from filtrate.

*Tank Size : 3.5 W × 3.0 L × 3.3 H( 2.8 ) = 28.9 ㎥

*Retention Time : 2.1 hr

■ Selection of Filter Tank

*Filtering Velocity(V) = 12㎥/㎡·hr
*Area(A) = (Q/V) = 13.8 ㎥/hr ÷ 12 ㎥/㎡·hr = 1.15
*Diameter(D)= √[(4×A)÷π]= 1.21
*Tank Size = Φ1360 × 1830H

*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-801
Filtration Pump 80A×0.3㎥/min×20mH 2.2㎾ 2 SET Sub. High-Head
A(B)

M-802 A/C FILTER Φ1,360×1830H - 1 SET STS304

Measuring Tank
M-803 500W×1,000L×500H - 1 SET STS304
(V-NOTCH)

M-804 Air Diffuser Φ200×100L/min - 3 EA Disk

 Process Calculation
2-6 Backwashing Water Tank

Function
■ To clean the fouled activated carbons, supply and backwash the treated water periodically.

*Tank Size : 2.5 W × 2.5 L × 3.4 H( 2.9 ) = 18.1 ㎥

*Retention Time : 1.3 hr
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-901
Backwashing Pump 80A x 0.3㎥/min x 23mH 3.7㎾ 2 SET Sub. High-Head
A(B)

M-902 Air Diffuser Φ200×100L/min - 2 EA Disk

2-7 Treated Water Tank

Function
■ Store the treated water temporarily.

Standard for Design

■ Coliforms can be filtered and removed from the treated water by membrane.
Therefore, disinfection device is needless.

*Tank Size : 2.5 W × 3.0 L × 3.3 H( 2.7 ) = 19.9 ㎥

*Retention Time : 1.4 hr
*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-901
Backwashing Pump 80A x 0.3m3/min x 23mH 3.7㎾ 2 SET
A(B)

M-902Cumulative Flow Meter 80A - 1 SET

Disk
M-903 Diffuser Φ300×120L/min - 3 EA
type
 Process Calculation

Removal of coliforms by membrane

Because the pore size of membrane is 0.4㎛ and the size of coliforms is 2~10㎛,
coliforms can be perfectly removed.

Feature of Membrane Removal of coliforms by membrane

 Process Calculation
2-8 Sludge Thickening Tank

Function
■ Thicken the concentration of excessive sludge to minimize the volume of excessive sludge.

Standard for Design

■ Supernatant transfers to the flow control tank.
■ Effective depth is 2~5m.
■ Agitating device has to be installed.

*The amount of sludge generated

Qw = Y·Lr - b·Sa = Yobs·Lr + C

Y Cell Production Constant(0.6kg·MLSS/kg·BOD)

Yobs Net Cell Production Constant(0.6kg·MLSS/kg·BOD)

Lr The amount of BOD removed(kg·BOD/day)

b Rate Constant of Decrease of Cell Weight(kg·MLVSS/kg·MLVSS·day)

Sa MLVSS(Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids)(kg)

C The Amount of Sludge generated from Inert Solids

Y 0.6
Yobs = = = 0.15
1 + b·SRTaerobic 1 + 0.05 × 60

Generated amount of sludge from BOD removal : 0.2 × ( 67 - 1.64 ) = 9.81 kg/day
Amount of SS in influent = 57.5 kg/day

Inert Solids = 57.5 × 0.3 = 17 kg/day

Total generated amount of sludge = 9.81 + 17.24 = 27.04 kg/day
 Process Calculation

* The generated amount of sludge(water content 98%)

Recovery ratio of solids = 95% (assumption)

100
0.95 × 27.04 kg/day × ÷ 1000 kg/㎥ = 1.28 ㎥/day
100 - 98

*Tank Size : 6.6 W × 3.0 L × 3.3 H( 2.9 ) = 56.5 ㎥

*ACCESSORY

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-
Washing Pump 80A x 0.55m3/min x 12mH 55㎾ 1 SET Spurt
1101
M-
Air Diffuser Φ200×100L/min - 8 EA Disk
1102

2-9 Selection of Blower

Total amount of air = Aeration Zone + Separation Zone + Filtrate Tank + Backwashing
Water Tank + Treated Water Tank + Sludge Thickening Tank
= 0.72 + 10.48 + 0.3 + 0.2 + 0.3 + 0.8
= 12.8 × 1.2 (safety factor)
= 15.4 ㎥/min

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M-602
Blower 125A×15.82㎥/min×3000mmAq 15㎾ 2 SET ROOT'S
A(B)
 Process Calculation
2-10 Selection of Fan for the supply and exhaust of air

*Volume for Ventilation :16.2 W × ## L × 3.6 H = 670.7 ㎥

*Supply : 670.7 ㎥ × 15 times ÷ 60 = 167.67 ㎥/min

NO. Device Specification Power Q'ty Remarks

M- Supply Fan
#4 x 170CMM x ×25mmAq 3.7㎾ 1 SET PVC
1201 (SIROCCO TYPE)
M- Deodorizer
230CMM 1 SET
1202 (UV Photocatalyst)