Index

Abbt, Thomas 318 Alexander III, Pope 153

Abrams, Philip 127 Alexander the Great 46
Absolutism, political theory of 61 Alfieri 299, 300
Achaemenids 35, 42 Alfred the Great 70, 71, 72, 73
Act for the Better Propagation and Preaching of ‘instrumental ethnicity’ of 72
the Gospel 234 court of 72
Acton, Lord 1 creates a national consciousness 72
nationality 13–14 imposes a cultural hegemony 72
Adelsnation 61 origins of state during the time of 135
Adrian IV, Pope 153, 154 unifies the English 72, 129
Adua 296 use of language in constructing realm 132
Æfic, the Æthelings’ seneschal 120 Algerian French 75
Ælfgar, the King’s reeve 120 Allemannia 321
Ælfgyfu 120 Alsace-Lorraine 316
Ælfhelm 120 am 38
Ælfhere, Abbot 119 America, North
Ælfric, Abbot 119 and national consciousness 87
Ælfric, Ealdorman 119 colonies of 62, 147
Ælfthryth, King Æthelred’s mother 119 American colonists 260
Ælfwaru 120 American War of Independence 220
Ælfweard 120 Amos 45
Ælfwine 120 ancien régime 258, See also France
Aeolian/s 36 collapse of 265
Æsc 131 Anderson, Benedict 3, 17, 74, 82, 132, 147, 197, 315
Æscwig, Bishop 119 Angelcynn 72, 129
Æthelflæd 120 Angles 133
Æthelgyfu 120 Anglicisation
Æthelhild 120 as ethnic transformation 73
Æthelred, King 116, 119 of British Isles 71
Æthelred, King, realm of 131 Anglo-Saxon realm, fiscal organisation of 134
Æthelsige, Bishop 119, 120 Anglo-Norman monarchy 107
Æthelwold, Bishop of Winchester 107 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 70, 71, 116, 130, 132
Africa 71, 109, 116 Anglo-Saxon state power 133
Agat’angelos 33, 43, 44 Anglo-Saxons 34, 132, 133
Agincourt, Battle of 78 conversion of 71
agriculture 4, 21, 63 Anglo-Scottish wars 145, 146
arable farming 76 anoblis 288
pastoral societies 71 Anselm 155
Albania 43 Antiquities, Society of, chartered (1751) 263
Albert I 174 Antiquity 5, 34
Alcuin 71 anti-semitic polemics, in Germany 319
Aleksei, Tsar r 195, 198 Apadana 35
Alexander I 204 appropriation 93
Alexander II 201 Aquitaine 77, 78

370

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 371
Aram 41–42, 45 Bednyi, Demina, poet 203
Arbroath, Declaration of 58 Belarus’ian identity 223
Arbuckle, James, ‘Letter of Hibernicus’ 264 Belarus’ian nationalists 223, 227
Arc, Joan of 77, 78 Belfast radicals 262
Aristotle 80, 81 Bell, David 263
Armagh 112 Bellars, John, proposals for a Federal European
Armenia 40, 47, 48, 49, 146 council (1710) 257, 258
Church in 44 bellatores 131
development of 42–45 Belorussia 209
myth of being ‘first Christian nation’ 43 Bentham, Jeremy 261, 278
Armenian communities, within the Benveniste, Emil 113
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 214 Beowulf 106, 112
Arndt, Ernst Moritz 319 Berlin, Isaiah 248
Arthur, King 82, 153 Berry, Major-General James 236
Ascher, Saul, Die Germanomie 319 Beust, Friedrich Ferdinand von, Saxon Prime
Assemblies, Irish 112 Minister 327
assemblies, noble 283 Bianchi, Nicomede 295
assembly, Isle of Man 112 Bible 33, 38, 42, 45, 57
assembly/ies 92, 112 Gideon 85
assembly, popular 112 Greek New Testament 38
Assyria 42 Hebrew Old Testament 38
Assyrians 33, 45, 46, 49 importance to development of the nation 249
Athenians 36 scholars of 73
Athens 59 translated into English 72
Atlov, Hans 37 translation 115
Augustine 155 biblical civilisation 109
Augustus II 226 Bicknor, Alexander, Archbishop of Dublin 156
Austria Bielfeld, Baron von, ranking of European
excluded from Kaiserreich 316, 317, 319 powers 256
part of German ‘old Reich’ 316 Bismarck 296, 297, 307, 327
Austria-Hungary, collapse of 214 and nation-state 316, 317, 327
Avarayr, defeat of 33, 43 Black Land, the 33
Avignon, papal court of 58, 178 Black, Anthony 68–69, 80
Azande 109 Blundell, William 241, 242
azats 44 Bobrowski, Tadeusz 223
Boer War 363
Babylon 45 Boethius 72
Balbo 300 Bohemia 21, 171, 173, 316
Balthasar, Joseph Anton Felix 336 Bolg an tSolair (1795) 262
Banti, Alberto 299, 300, 304 Bolsheviks 228
barbarians 76, 84, 91, 118, 303 Bolshevism 202, 203
Barmouth 235 Boniface 71
barrow/s 112 Book of Martyrs, see Foxe
Barth, Frederik 337 Borders 256
Bartlett, Robert 149 Bowle, John 80
Batavian 86 boyars, power of 196, 199
Bavaria 316, 317, 321, 324 Brabant 278
Bavarian 169, 321 Braddick, Michael 131
Bayankoke of Uganda, the 110 Bradfield 119
Bebenburg, Lupold of 172, 173, 179, 180 Brandon, S. G. F 46
Bede 73, 106, 155 Branicki 226
‘invention of the English’ 72 Bretwalda 136
Ecclesiastical History of the English People 39, 47, Breuilly, John 16, 19, 20, 64, 198, 201, 202, 207,
69, 70, 71 209, 296, 315
use of terms ‘England’ and ‘English’ 75 Brewer, John 358

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 372 INDEX

Bridgeman, Bishop 242 Caernarfon 235

Britain 57 Caesar 176
Chartism 363, 364 Callières, François de, De la manière de négocier
Education 360, 363 avec les souverains (1716) 258
Enfranchisement 364 Calvinism 86, 218
local government 360 French 86
modernisation in 357 Cambacérès 287
monarchy 361–362 Camden, William, Britannia 241
national integration 365 Campbell, James 117, 125, 126, 127, 131–2,
national symbolism 361 133, 134
nation-building 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, 360–1, Canaanites 42
362, 363 Caporetto 298
nation-state 359, 363, 364 Carberry, Earl of 235
People’s Charter 363 Carli, Gian Rinaldo, Della patria degli italiani
Reform Act of 1832 361 299
Roman history of 71 Carlow 147
war against France 358 Carlyle, Thomas, characterisation of the
Britannia 71, 263, 359 English 133
Britannia, see Camden Carolingian monarchy 107
British Carteret, Sir George 237, 238
Army 110 Carteret, Sir Philip 237
cultural traits of 33 Case of Ireland, see Molyneux, William
distinctiveness 365 Castile, king of 172
national identities 363 Catalonia 47
patriotism 358, 365 Catholicism
propaganda 358 advances in the seventeenth century 226
state 356, 358, 360, 365 defines Polish state 222
British Isles, Anglicisation of 71 Lithuanian nobility converted to 41, 215
British Museum 263 role of in Italy 303
‘British Pantheon’ in the crypt of St Paul’s Cattaneo, Carlo 302, 303, 305
Cathedral 359, 361 Cavour 296, 297
Britishness 233, 234, 235, 238, 243, 356, 357 Celtic Christians 39, 71
Britons 71 Celtic cultural identities 232
Brooke, Charlotte, Reliques of Irish Poetry 262 Celtis 179
Brooks, N. 71 central diet (Sejm), in the Polish-Lithuanian
Brown, Allen 133 Commonwealth 217
Brown, John, Estimate of the Manners and Chadwick, H. M., The Heroic Age 106
Principles of the Times (1757–8) 263 Chaloner, John 234, 241, 242
Bunting, Edward 265 Channel Islands 232, 236
Burgundy 171, 175 Charisma 106, 107, 108
Burke, Edmund 157, 265 Charlemagne, Emperor 171, 173
Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents Charles II, King of England, execution of 238
(1770) 259 Charles IV 173
Burke, Walter and Edmund 156, 157 Charles VI 78
Bursche, Juliusz, leader of the Masurian Charlotte, Countess 240
Plebiscite Committee 229 Cheka 228
Burschenschaften 319 Cheshire 74, 232
Burton, Henry 236 Chickering, Roger 328
Byrhtnoth 107, 108 China 105, 107
Byrhtric 119 Chivalry 75
Byzantine 47 choral movement, in Germany 326
Byzantine Empire, collapse of 195 Christianity 71, 80, 85
Byzantine Empire, heritage of, claimed by early Irish 154, 155
Ivan IV 195 conversion to, spreading and ‘Englishness’ 71
Byzantium 43 church courts, see courts, church

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 373
Church, the 11, 21, 44, 80, 84, 150, 180 Confessions, see Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
ambitions of in ‘Russia’ 195 conflict/s 63
benefits to national movements 302 Connor, Walker 37
central role in process of England’s unification Conrad I 173
134 Conrad, Joseph (Józef Korzeniowski) 226
drawing of ‘national’ boundaries by 149 Conscription 90
and the Germans 172 Considerations on Poland, see Rousseau,
relationship with the German monarchy 177 Jean-Jacques
requests to, to say prayers for the king 79 Constance, Council of 81
subordinated to secular power in Russia 196 Constantine, Emperor 4, 82
Church, official, in ‘Russia’ 196 Constantinople 196, 197
Church, Orthodox 197, 204, 208 constitutional debate, in Switzerland 342
Church, universal 178, 303 constitutional reform, Swiss 345
Churches 90, 92, 111 conversion 71
medieval 81 accounts of by Bede 71
Cistercian Order 150 in eighth-century England 71
Citizenship 275 of pagan Anglo-Saxons 71
German 322, 328, 329 of pagans to Christianity 71
model for nineteenth-century France 291 conversion, campaigns of, in ‘Russia’ 196
power of state in defining 275 Cornish particularism 233
city-state 81 Cornwall 232, 233
civic pride, German 320 Cornwall, Richard of 171, 173
civil magistrate 258 coronation and unction, rituals of 107
civitas, see state coronation of Empire’s ruler 176
Clanwilliam, charter of 157 coronation ordo, earliest English 107
Clark, J. C. D. 357 corporations 90
Claudius, Emperor 155 Corrigan and Sayer 133
Clergy 76, 148 Corsica 62, 259
Taxed 170 absorbed by France (1768) 259
Closener, Fritsche 173 Rousseau on 259
Cohen, Shaye 46 Corsicans 259
Coke and Camden 242 Cossack revolts in the Ukraine 223
collective identification, in Switzerland 334 council of the marches 236
collective identity, and nationalism in counties 135
Switzerland 334 court/s 74, 92, 118
collective loyalties, Italy 309 courts, borough, in medieval Ireland 152
Colley, Linda 337, 357, 361 courts, central, at Dublin 145
Collinson, Patrick 232 courts, church,in medieval Ireland 150
Cologne 180 courts, county, in medieval Ireland 147, 152
archbishops of 180 Great sessions 41, 236
Roman remains 182 courts, local 217
colonisation, of Ireland from Britain 143 Couthon 288
Columba, Saint 156 Cowley, Abraham, ‘Answer to a Copy of Verses’
commercialisation, in Britain 355 237
Communism 205 Cracow 226
leading world against US imperialism 208 Crispi, Francsco 296
Communism, Soviet, see Soviet crown (corona)
Communist ideology 203 crown wearings 107
Communist Parties 202 crown, elective, establishment in Germany 171
Communist Party 205 English 143
as focus of power and bearer of messianic relationship with the nation 77, 79, 92, 146
vision 202 crusader states 153
Russian 208 Curia 178, 179
Communists 205 Cusa, Nicholas of 179
communities of the realm, medieval 252 Cwichelm 116

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 374 INDEX

Cwichelmeshlæw 116, 119 Dorians 36

Cyning 115 Dostoevskii, Fiodr 197, 198, 202, 203, 204, 208
Cynn 113, 115 Douglas, David 136
Cyrillic alphabet 223 Drapier’s Letter, see Jonathan Swift
Czartoryski, the 225 Drayton, Michael, Poly-olbion 233, 241
Czartoryski, Adam 224, 227 Drogheda 146, 151
Dublin 143, 145, 146, 147, 148, 153, 154, 157
D’Azeglios 300 Archbishop of, see Lorcán Ua Tuathail, Henry
Danegeld 134 of London, Alexander Bicknor
Danelaw 135 Dundalk 151
Danes 116 Dunstan 155
Dann, Otto 322 Durham 232
Darlington, R. R. 134 Dutch nationalism 265
Darwin, Charles, Origin of Species (1859) 129 Dutch Revolt 12, 85, 265
Datchet 119 Dyfed 149
Daunton, Martin 358 Dzierzynski, Feliks 228
Davies, Rees 137, 144, 145, 249
Davies, Sir John 149 Eadgyfu, Abbess 120
de Burgh family, Clanwilliam (Mayo) branch of Eadgyfu of Lewknor 120
156 Eadhelm 120
de Courcy, John 155 Eadric 120
De Jure Naturae et Gentium, see Pufendorf, Eadwine 120
Samuel Eadwold 120
De la manière de négocier avec les souverains see Earls 118, 134, 135
Callières, François de East Anglia 137
Declaration of Independence 62, 259 Ecclesiastical History of the English People, see Bede
Defoe, Daniel 356 Ecgberht, dynasty of 107
Della patria degli italiani, see Carli, Gian Rinaldo Écuyer 288
Democracy, as an element of nationalism 22, Edgar, King 107, 108, 132
63, 91 Edmund, son of King Æthelred 131
Denmark/Danish, establishment of political Edom 40–2, 44, 46
unity in eleventh century 71, 72 Education
Derby, Earls of 232, 233, 239, 240, 241 and literacy 5, 21, 35, 41, 63, 76, 157, 180, 223
Desmond, Earl of 154, 157 Elementary, in the modern nation-state 346
Deuteronomic code 46 expansion of literacy in early modern 84
Dialect Europe
Seventeenth-century Britain 234 German 317, 345
Italy 310 in Britain 360, 363
Diaspora 48 Prussian 316, 317, 323
Armenian 49 Swiss 344
Jewish 49 Edward I, King of England 58, 108, 118, 136, 146
Dictionary of the English Language, see Johnson, Edward II, King of England 152, 154, 156
Samuel Edward III, King of England 150, 152
Digby, Lord George 239 Edward VI, King of England 85
Dingle peninsula 147 Edwards, Thomas Carlyle 137
Diplomacy 256 Edwin, King of Northumbria 116, 118
Discourse on the Love of Country, see Price, Richard Egypt 23, 33, 35, 40, 48, 49
divine right 196 development of nationhood 48–9
Dmochowski, Franciszek 220 Elamites 36
Dmowski, Roman 227 Elijah 45
Dobbs, Francis 253 Elisha 45
Domboc of Alfred the Great 135 Elishe 43, 44
Domesday survey 127 Elizabeth I, Queen of England 232, 237
Dominicans 178 Elrington, the Rev. Thomas, Two Treatises 254
Donetsk 203 Elton, G. R. 85

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 375
Emain Macha, Navan fort 112 English Reformation 85
Emilia, papal (Italy) 308 English revolution 257
emperor/s 108, 115, 117, 169, 178 English state, interaction with non-English
Emperor, German 319 communities 232–243
empire 56, 61, 80, 115 English written vernacular 70, 75
and Christian imperialism 172 Englishness 71, 74, 118, 137, 143, 148, 151, 234, 356
armies of 175 Enlightenment 213, 301
German writings on 180 Erfurt Union 323
ideas concerning 179 Ertmann, Thomas 358
relationship with the German people 179 Essenes 46
ruler of, Estates-General 87, 285, 286
Encyclopedia Britannica 263 Ethnie(s) 15, 16, 37, 38, 39, 40–42, 46
Endecja, see National Democrats characteristics of 209
Engla-Lond 129, 132 definition of 38–39
England 73, 75, 81, 84, 87, 105, 134 ethnic identity 317
as dynastic project of Alfred the Great 72 Anglo-Saxon shared 132
constructing of common set of legal, political Germany 326
and religious institutions from late in Russia 207
Anglo-Saxon period 84 in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia
rise of national monarchy of 59 195
statehood develops in early modern period 232 ethnic stereotypes 76, 78, 79, 235
Union with Ireland 355 ethnicity 16, 60, 75, 82, 250
Union with Scotland 355 ethnogenesis 71
use of term by Normans 75 ethno-symbolists 93, 94
England, Anglo-Saxon, as a state 127 Eulenberg, Friedrich 316, 317, 329
England, King of, as dominus Hibernie 76, 143 Europe
England, kingdom of, in Middle Ages 171 as states’ system 249
England, medieval community of independent states 265
as a pre-modern nation 68, 69 late medieval political development of 166
nationalism in 68 transition to nation-state 315
Englisc, usage in eleventh-century ‘England’ 129 European community 23, 23
English 43, 71, 73, 75, 79, 81 European order, pre-modern 182
as a national label 149 Exeter 118
as new Israelites 71 Ezra 46
capacity for self-government 364
character 365 Farington, Joseph 359
Constitution 364 Farini, Luigi Carlo 305
continuity of the use of 73 Fatherland, German 322, 323
imagined community 129, 233 Fatherland, dual
national character 133 Germany 324
national consciousness 262, 263, 266 Switzerland 336, 348
Parliament 361, 363, 364, 365 Fereter, Nicholas and William 147
patriotism 365 Fernow, Carl Ludwig 319
use of term by Normans 47, 73, 75 Feudalism 56, 128
English Civil War 233, 240, 243 Finley, Moses, and Friedrich Meinecke 36
English crown 77, 78, 79, 81, 82 Finnish-Swedish struggle 225
English identity 70, 151 Fiore, Joachim of 178
English imperialism 76, 233, 243, 263 First World War 21, 37, 310, 315
English law 135 FitzRalph of Armagh, Archbishop Richard 151
English monarchy 75, 76, 134, 137 Flanders 59
English nation 72, 73, 137 Fleetwood, Lieutenant Colonel 238
emergence of 132, 134 Flood, Henry 251
English Puritanism 86 Florence 309
English radicals 266 Flores Historiarum 93
English realm 79 Foot, Sarah 126

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 376 INDEX

Foote, Samuel 263 naturalisation 291

Foscolo 299 popular sovereignty 275
Foucault, Michel 89, 105, 118 French revolutionaries, export doctrine of the
Foxe, John, Book of Martyrs 85, 85 sovereign nation 213
Frame, Robin 249 Frenchness 289
France 21, 58, 70, 76, 77, 78, 81, 91, 154, 170, 179, Friedrich Willhelm II, Kaiser, call to rise against
291, 291, 309, 318, 344, 358 Napoleon 316, 317, 320
as a monarchical nation-state 170 Friedrich Wilhelm IV, Kaiser
formation as a political nation 170 Erfurt Union 323
nationalism 17 kleindeutsch national union 323
rise of national monarchy of 59 Furness, Jocelin, Life of Patrick
France, ancien régime 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283,
288, 289, 290, 291 Gaelic
Franciscans 178 annals (‘MacCarthy’s Book’) 153
Franco-Gallia, see Hotman, François antiquity 265
Franconian form of Germanic speech 169 Irish 233, 239
Frankfurt Parliament 319 revival 261
Basic Rights 323, 329 society 147
Nationalism 316, 317, 322, 323 Gaels, the 252
Frankish Gagging Act 266
Identity 153 Galbraith, V. H. 129, 135, 136
Kingship 170 Galilee 47
Franks 57, 58, 115, 156 Ganfield 112
legal transaction of 116 Gaoidhil Gaels 157
Trojan ancestry of 176 Garibaldi 297, 300
Fraternity, Edict of 260 Garrick, David 263
Frederick II, Emperor 170, 171, 178 Garsoian, Nina 43
death of 175 Gellner, Ernest 8–9, 10, 13, 16–17, 36, 84, 202, 249,
struggle with the Curia 178 315, 316, 317
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia 318, 320 gens/gentes 6, 55, 57, 113, 132
Freeman, Edward Augustus 129, 133 gentry 148, 152
French 76, 77 George IV, King of England 362
citizenship, in nineteenth century 291 collapse (1806) 318
crown 77, 78, 79 legacy 318, 319
kings 76 German Empire, ruler of 171
and the Hundred Years War, 77 German ‘old Reich’ (‘Holy Roman Empire’,
language, as a national label 149; as a vernacular Heiliges Römisches Reich deutscher Nation)
in England 75 316, 322, 323, 329
National Assembly, birth 284 government, in the medieval period 174
National Guard 284 history, medieval 167
princes as candidates for imperial crown 172 identity 169, 172, 173, 174, 175, 180, 181, 182, 183,
stereotyped as effeminate 79 217, 318
French Revolution 13, 58, 90, 213, 248, 260, 278, imperialism education and patronage 180
281, 282 kinship with ancient Romans 176
‘invention’ of the nation 315, 320 medieval legacy 167
citizenship 276, 277, 278, 279, 289, 290, 291 medieval Reich 169
and development of the nation 250, 275, monarchy 180; relationship with the Church
276, 291 177
foreign-born Jews 282, 283 nation, historical focus upon 166; medievalist
French immigrants 279, 283 accounts of 167, 169; the late medieval
language of regeneration 276, 277, 279, 281, 168, 169 182
283, 284, 285, 286, 290, 291 prince-electors 179
National Convention 279, 285, 286, 290 princes 176
nationalism in 87, 275, 335 German Reich 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 327
nationality 276, 289, 290 plans for reform 317

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 377
political institutions of 317 Goths/Gothic 115
political value of liberty 317 Gotthelf, Jeremias 340
Germania 174 goyim 38
Germanic peoples 134 Grand Tour 263, 301
Germanic tongues 169 Grattan, Henry 251, 252, 253
Germanisation 223, 329 Great Council 134
Germanness 182, 317, 324, 326, 327 Great Reform Act (Britain) 363
Germans Greco-Roman civilisation 109, 111
in annals 172 Greece 33, 36, 40, 42
character and historical role of 182 cultural identity in 36
in Latin chronicles 172 failure to constitute a political nation 36
in political songs 172 traditions of 119
relationship with Empire 179 Greenfeld, Liah 315
speakers of German tongues subject to the Gregory, Pope 42, 43
emperor 169 mission to the English 35
term 173 travels in Armenia 44
Trojan ancestry of 176 work of, translated into English 72
Germans, ancient, myth of aiding Caesar 176 Grosby, Stephen 40–42, 47
Germans, ‘translation’ to, of Roman Empire Grotius, Hugo,
176 Treatise on the Antiquity of the 257
Germany 20, 21, 129, 171, 173, 317, 318, 325 Batavian Republic 250
anti-semitic polemics 319 Grunwald, Battle of, painted by Jan Matejko 222
as Kulturnation 316, 317, 319, 322 Guenée, Bernard 170
constitutional base of 176 Guernsey 236
creation of nation-state 316, 318 Guicciardini 296
dual meaning of Fatherland 324 Guizot, François 295
ethnic identity 326 Gurguntius of Britain, King 153
historic and institutional traditions 318 Gwiazda, Johann
medieval commentators on 168 Protest naprzeciw Polakom 229
medieval constructions of 182 Pruski Przyaciel Ludu 229
nationalism 317, 318, 327 Gymnastic movement (Germany) 326, 328
political tradition 319
state identity 325 Habermas, Jürgen 4, 168, 182
state-based patriotism and national identity 328 Habsburg Empire
state-building 316, 317, 325 dismantling of 250
state-constitutions 325 establishment of 167
state-patriotism 324 Hadad (Aramean god) 42
unification 328 Hagbourne 119
Germany, king of, as ruler of the Empire 174 Hague, The 238
Gillingham, John 76, 137, 144, 148, 233 Haik, myth of 42
Gioberti 301 Hall, Edith 36
Glanville, Ranulf 157 Hälsingar 112
Glorious Revolution 258, 265 Hapsburg, Rudolf of 173
Gloucester, Robert of 75 Hardy, Thomas 266
Gloucestershire 233, 236 Harlech 235
Gluckmann, Max 110 Hasmonean kings 41
Glyn Dŵr, Owain 12 Hastings, Adrian 34, 70, 249, 250, 265, 315
‘God save the King’ 263 Hebrew notion of the elect nation 86
Godwine crisis (1051) 137 Hebrides, Scots/Irish of 241
Gogol, Nicolai 223 Hechter, Michael 233, 235, 243
Goldsmith, Oliver 263 Helvetic
Görres, Josef 321 Constitution 339
Gorski, Philip 12, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 Regime 333
Gorzkowski, Franciszek 220 Republic 333, 339
Gosplan 206 Society 336, 337, 338, 349

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 378 INDEX

Hengest 134 medieval 174

Henrietta Maria, Queen of England 233, 240 Indo-European languages, see language,
Henry II, King of England 149, 153, 154, 252 Indo-European
Henry III, King of England 144 Ine 131
Henry V (Shakespeare) 69, 78 Innocent III, Pope 176, 177
Henry V, King of England 78, 154 Intellectuals 88
Henry VIII, King of England 85, 108 in pre-modern period 88
Heptarchy (in Anglo-Saxon England) 127 Investiture Contest 169, 177
Hercules, Pillars of 58 Ionians 36
Herder, Johann Gottfried 40, 213, 214, 216, 226, Ireland 4, 9, 75, 76, 91, 92, 143, 145, 147, 150, 151,
319, 320 153, 233, 261
Herodotus 76 as a nation 144, 233, 252, 265
Hezekiah, King 46 as self-contained political entity 251
Higden, Ranulf, Polychronicon 153 as imagined community 233
historical methodology early modern 158
romantic 295 lordship of 144, 150
scientific 295 medieval 143, 148, 151, 152
Hittites 35–6 national identity in 251
Hobbes, Thomas 252, 257 pre-Norman 262
Hobsbawm, Eric 7, 13, 14–15, 18, 34, 214, 249, 250, Irish 76
259, 262, 265, 315 ‘revolution’ (1782) 251, 253
Hogarth, William 262 Christian past 156
Hohenstaufen dynasty 167, 175, 176, 178 clergy 149
Holy Roman Empire 327 independence 260
Holywell, shrine at 235 Jacobins 266
Homer 57 parliament 145, 146, 147, 153, 253
Hosea 45 patriots 251, 253, 265
Hotman, François, Franco-Gallia 249 Protestants, self image 252
Hrushevsky, Mikhailo 223 people, characterisation of 80, 233
Hume, David, and national character 259, 261 Iron Age hill-forts 111
Hundred Years War 70, 76, 77, 79 Isle of Man, assembly of 112, 113, 232, 240, 243
hundred, the, emergence as an administrative Isocrates 36
unit in the Anglo-Saxon period 134, 135 Israel 45
Hungary 21 destruction by Assyrians 45
Hunt, Lynn 254 Italian
Huntingdon, Henry of 39, 74 liberals, British party system as ideal model
Hussite movement 12 for 305
Hyksos 48 nation 295, 298, 299–304, 305, 307, 310
nationalist movements 296
Iberia 43 renaissance 257
ideal-type nation 34–5, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 49 socialist party, rapid growth 306
‘Ierne United’ (Wolfe Tone) 262 state, boycotted by papacy 305
Il Caffè 299 Italy 21, 171
‘imagined community’ 56, 74, 129, 132, 147, 168, Catholicism in 303
197, 213 common language 299
imagined past 93 cultural consequences of 296
imperial: dialects 310
monarchy, fate of in Germany 170, 174; in divisive memories 298
relation to German identity 172; regional political movements 310
specifically ‘German’ 172; impact of fascist regime 310
rule, ethnic foundations of 176 impact of First World War 310
throne 173 imperial 173
imperialism, European 61; see also Communism Jewish integration 304
imperium 130, 176, 259 loyalty to the city 309
fashioned by the emperors of the Middle Ages 177 loyalty to the region 309, 310

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 379
modernisation 306 Kiev 226
museums 310 Kiev, princes of, heritage claimed by Ivan IV 195
nation-state 298, 306, 307, 309 Kildare, Earl of 152, 153
national identity 300, 303, 307, 309 Kilkenny, assembly at (1341) 152
nation-building 301, 304, 307, 309 Kilkenny, Statutes of (1366) 150, 156
primary schooling 301, 305 King, Daniel, The Vale-Royall of England 241
Savoy dynasty 295, 308 King 115, 125, 131, 134
unification of 296, 306, 307, 309 and relationship with the state 128
iter, the ruler’s 171, 179 in Anglo-Saxon England 130
Ivan IV, Tsar 195, 204 obligations to during Anglo-Saxon period 135
claims heritage of Byzantine Empire and relationship with subjects 252
princes of Kiev 195 role of 109–110
crowned (1547) 195 separation from kingdom 79
kingdom 61, 67, 77, 91, 130, 131
Jacobins 23, 278, 280, 285, 299, 336, 359 prouincia 130
Irish 266 relationship with the nation 77
Jagiełło, Władysław 215, 222, 225 see also King
James I, King of England 149 kingdoms
Japan 105 Anglo-Saxon 131
Jefferson, Thomas 62 medieval 56, 57, 58, 61
Jersey 38, 233, 236, 237–43 territorial 86
identification with English monarchy 238 kings
Jerusalem 46 Mercian 136
Jewlaszewski, Teodor 221 post-Roman 117
Jews 38, 46, 49, 178, 217, 229, 282, 283, 304 West Saxon 136
Jogaila, Lithuanian Grand Duke 215 Kingston coronations 107
John Bull 263, 359 Kivelson, Valerie 201
John, King of England 143, 150, 157 kleindeutsch unification 316, 317, 323, 325,
Johnson, Lesley 158 326, 328
Johnson, Samuel, Dictionary of the English Kohn, Hans 335
Language 248 Königsberg 224
Josiah, King 46 Korzeniowski, Józef, see Joseph Conrad
Juckniewicz, Michal 225 Kosciuszko, Tadeusz 220, 222, 224
Judah 41, 43, 45 Kosovo Polje, battle of 43
Judea 33, 46, 47, 48 Kotliarevsky, Ivan 223
Jungingen, Ulrich von Grand Master of the Krasicki, Ignacy 226
Teutonic Order 222 Kresy 225, 226, 227, 229
Krüger, Peter 316
Kaiser 315, 316 krugovaia poruka 199, 201, 203, 205, 206
Kaiserreich 316, 329 Kulturkampf 297
and German nationhood 328 Kulturnation 36, 167, 168, 181, 316, 317, 319, 322
borders and political institutions 327 Kumar, Krishan 208
nationalism 327
nation-state 328 Lancashire 240
Kamose, King of Thebes 48, 49 Landesmuseum (Swiss National Museum) 346,
Karlsbad Decrees 319 347, 348
Karpinski, Franciszek 226 Lanfranc 155
Kassites 36 Langdale, Sir Marmaduke 239
Kazakhstan 204 Language
Kedourie, Elie 5, 248 Anglo-Saxon use of 129, 130, 132
Kelsey, Sean 232 Chancery Ruthenian 216
Kent 72, 82, 131, 232 Church Slavonic 223
Khar’kov 203 English, see English and English written
Kidd, Colin 60, 158 vernacular
Kiernan, V. G. 128 Finnish 115

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 380 INDEX

Language (cont.) Literacy, see education

form of eastern Slavonic (Lithuania’s language Lithuania 4, 9, 14, 215, 224
of law and government) 215 Grand Duchy of 216, 218, 219
former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Lithuanian
223–224 alphabet 224
French 76, 263 Declaration of Independence 228
Gaelic 262 identity 224
German 62, 83, 222, 324 nationalists 225, 227
Herdian idea of 223 szlachta 224
Indo-European 113, 115 liuþrettr 112
Latin 71, 75, 76, 130 Llancarfan, Caradoc of 235
Lithuanian 113, 215, 224, 225 Locke, John 253, 254, 257
national, in late Anglo-Saxon England 88, 125 Lombards 303, 308
of nationality, in late medieval England 84 London, Henry of, Archbishop of Dublin 156
Old Chancery Ruthenian 215 Lorcán Ua Tuathail, Archbishop of Dublin 156
Old English 130 lord/s 108, 111, 115, 146
Old Ruthenian 223 lordship, role of, in Carolingian Francia 108
Polish 216, 216, 217, 221, 222, 223, 229 Lot, Ferdinand 134
role of 4, 33, 43, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 68, 69, 73, 75, Louis XIV, King of France 117, 256, 263
76, 79, 81, 88, 89, 90, 92, 113, 115, 126, 127, Lublin, Union of (1569) 212, 214, 215, 216, 222
129, 130, 168, 169, 223 in medieval Lubormirski 225
collective identities, 169 lud, rule of the 220
Russian 202, 223 Ludlow 233
Slavonic 223 Ludwig IV 178
Yiddish 221 Luther, Martin 4, 179
laos 38 Luxemburg, Baldwin of, Archbishop of Trier 179
Lathom, siege of (1644) 240 Luxemburg, House of 172, 173
Latin, see language, Latin Luzio, Alessandro 295
Lavater, Johann Caspar 339 Lwów 226, 227
Law Lynch, Patrick 262
English 143
International, development of 261 Mably 259
Lazar P’arcepi, histories of 33, 44 Maccabees 44, 47
Lazar, King of Serbia 43 Maccabei, Mattathias 43
le Poer, Arnold 155 Machiavelli, Niccolò 296, 298
Ledrede, Richard, Bishop of Ossory 155 Magna Carta 144, 152, 155
Lee, Richard Henry, or fate of Corsicans and Magna Grecia 301
Poles 259 Malmesbury, William of 74, 76
Leff, Gordon 80 Mamikonian, Vardan, Armenian commander 43
Lega, the (Italy) 307 Man, Isle of 233, 236, 239, 243
Leinster, dioceses of 156 Mann, Michael 358, 360
Lelewel, Joachim 220, 226, 227 Manx
Lempriere, Michel 237 civilising effect of Christianity on 242
Leofric of Whitchurch 120 constitutional structures 241
Leofrun, Abbess 120 religion 242
Leofwine 119 Manzoni, Alessandro 303
Lepkowski, Tadeusz 213 marcher society,
Levinger, Matthew 320 Martin, Terry 203
Lex Salicia 112 Marx, Karl 119
Lexington, Stephen 150 Marxism 202
Leyser, Karl 108 Mashtots, Mesrop 43
Liberalism 354 Matejko, Jan 222, 223
Liège 278 Matlock 112
Life of Patrick 155 Maurice, Prince 235
Limerick 146 Max II, King 324

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 381
Mazar, Benjamin 42 Munster 149
Mazovia 226 Muratori, Ludovico Antonio 299
Mazzini, Giuseppe 296, 300, 301 Muscovite Rus 195
Mazzinians 296 Muscovites 217
McDowell, R. B. 261, 262 Mutfod 112
medieval nations, as ‘imagined communities’ 168 Mutlow 112
Mediterranean 196 mythology, Russian imperial 203
Megenberg, Conrad of 168, 179, 180 mytho-symbolic system, Russian 203
Meinecke, Friedrich 36, 167 myths
Mendels, Doron, The Rise and Fall of Jewish of collective origin 58
Nationalism 46, 47, 60 of common descent 77, 78
Mendicant orders 178 ethnic 195
Mercia 72, 129, 137 foundation 39
messianism, Jewish secularised 202 founding, and Swiss Confederation 337
Mezzogiorno, and Luigi Carlo Farini 305 liberation
Mickiewicz, Adam 226, 226, 227, 228 medieval liberation, Swiss 335
Pan Tadeusz 221, 224 of national election 249
Milan 309 of the power of monarchy 181
Milan rising (1848), 295 Russian 202
Miller, David 248 of sacrality and Christian mission 170
Miłosz, Czesław 212, 222, 226, 228
Native Realm 212 Nantes, Edict of 284
Milosz, Oscar 228 Naples, Kingdom of 308
Milton, John 133 Napoleon (Bonaparte), Emperor 46, 82, 90, 299,
Minghetti 300 300, 304, 306
Mir 199, 201 Naruszewicz, Adam 226
Missionaries 71 Narutowicz, Gabriel 228
Modena, Duchy of 308 Narutowicz, Stanislaw 228
Modernity Nassau Memorandum (1807) 320
effect on the nation 67 natio /nations 7, 37, 55, 57, 113
nations and nationalism 315 nation
Modus Tenendi Parliamentum 152 and political power 118, 143, 250
Molyneux, William, Case of Ireland (1698) 251, as post-modern discourse 88–89
252, 253, 260 definition of 7, 248
monarch, hereditary 257 distinction from race 60
monarchic power 175 early modernist perspectives on 2
monarchy formation of 38–9, 47
absolute 218, 260 Herder’s view of 213
imperial 179 in early modern society 87
national 88 in medieval political thought 80, 83
personal 90 in Reformation Europe 93
territorial 81 medieval idea of 175
universal 80, 256 medievalist perspectives on 2, 4–5
Mongol invasion 195 modernist perspectives on 1, 2, 8, 248
Mongols 178, 195, 215 pre-modernist perspectives on 1, 2, 3–13, 56, 67,
Monmouth, Geoffrey of 75, 153 68, 69
Monuments 111 relationship with nationalism 13, 34, 35,
Prehistoric 113, 116 63, 248
Moore, Thomas, nationalism of 262 relationship with the state 354
Moraw, Peter 179 and sovereignty 249
Mosaic lawcode 46, 47 national character 133, 252, 261, 336, 337
Moscow, Princes of 195 national identity
Moser, Frederich Karl von 317, 338 conflicting forms in medieval period 80, 83
Mouses Xorenatsi, histories of 43 contested meaning throughout nineteenth
Mugabe, the, Bayankoke ruler 110 century 334

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 382 INDEX

national identity (cont.) use of terms ‘England’ and ‘English’ 75

definition 68 Northumbria 131, 137
existence of in early modern Europe 85 Northumbrian 71, 136
importance of international rivalry 255 rulers 70
in the modern period 70 Norway 4
pre-modern 69 Norwood, David 232
processes of producing 69 Nowogrodék, Lithuania 221
national Nubians 33, 48
idioms 19 Nuer 109
monarchies, rise in England 59, rise in
France, 59 Occam, William of 80
museums, in Europe 346 Offa’s Dyke 111
National Society (Cavour) 296 Old Believers 196
nationalism 5, 11, 15–16, 34, 54, 60, 63, 91, 248, 317 Old Testament 249
account of modernist views 86 Oppenheim, Walter 178
as post-modern discourse 88, 89 Oppida 111
debate over origins 256 Orange, House of 86
definition 54, 68 Oratores 131
development of modern 55, 58, 64 Ordbriht, Bishop 119
distinction from racism 60 Ordre de St Michel 282
existence of in early modern Europe 85, 88 Ormond, fourth Earl of 154
in medieval political thought 80 Orzechowski, Stanislaw 221
in the French Revolution 87 Otto I 173
in the modern period 70 Ottoman Empire 250
in the Reformation 87 Ottonian monarchy 107
modernist approach to 94, 248 Oxfordshire 118
origins 334
pre-modern perspective 68, 94 Paddy’s Resource (Irish republican songbook) 262
Nationalmuseum, see Swiss national museum Padua, Marsiglio of 80, 81
Nationalverein 326 Pagans/ism 71
Natural Law 80 Paine, Thomas 254, 260, 266
Naxharars 44 Pale, the 143, 144
Nehemiah 46 Palestine (Upper Retenu) 48
Neolithic period 111 Pan-German League 316, 317, 328
Netherlands, Reformation in 68 Pankush 36
Neusner, Jacob 47 Paoli, General Pasquale 259
New Israelites 71, 92 Papacy 150, 153, 154, 170, 178, 259
New Minster charter 107, 108 papal legates 107
Newgrange 111 Papal state 298
Newman, Gerald 262, 263 Parliament
Nice 302 elected 90
Niem, Dietrich of 179 in the sixteenth century 85
Niemcewicz, Ursin 226 term in seventeenth-century Britain 234
Niemen, River 227 parliamentary elections 88
Nieswiez branch of the parliaments 73
Radziwiłłash family 218 in territorial monarchies 81
Nile, the 33 medieval 151
Niloctic pastoralists 110 Scottish and Irish 361
Nippur 36 Parma, Duchy of (Italy) 308
Nootka Sound dispute 254 Paszkowski, Marcin 217
Norman Conquest 126, 133, 134, 136, 137 Patria 113, 299, 308
Normandy 59, 72, 74, 75, 76 Patrick the Briton 155
Normans 74, 133, 136 Patriotism 19, 249, 260
Englishness of 148 British 358, 365
marginalisation of English 74 English 365

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 383
German 320 First Partition (1772) 219
Irish 251 invented traditions of 218
National, Swiss 346 language and identity 221
Prussian 318, 321 partitions 220
Regional, and German identity 180 problems of state-formation 212
in Revolutionary France 285 Rzeczpospolita, Res Publica 214
Russian 204 Polish-Lithuanian 217
State-based, Germany 325, 326, 328 Commonwealth identity
Swiss 333, 336, 341 nobility 217, 218
Patronage 182 partitioned by Austria, Prussia and Russia 213
and German imperialism 180 Poniatowski, Stanislaw August 219
as lever of power 106, 108 Populism, as an element of nationalism 22
British 361 Porter, Roy 355
Russian 201, 203, 206 Portugal 87
Victorian Britain 362 Potocki 225, 226
Paulinus 118 Powel, David, Historie of Cambria 235
Paustos Buzand, histories of 43, 44 Poznán 226
Peasantry, as ‘carriers’ of language of the nation Pravda 202
302 Preston, Christopher 152, 157
Penn, William Preston, Sir Richard 152
Essay towards the Present and Future Peace of Price, Richard
Europe (1693) 258 Discourse on the Love of Country (1789) 260
proposals for a Federal European council Observations on the Nature of Civil Liberty
(1693) 257 (1776) 260
perennialists, assertion of pre-modern nations 69, primitivism, rise of, in literature 252
71, 73, 84, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94 print culture
Pericles’ Funeral Oration 36 development of in early modern
Persepolis 35 Europe 84
Persians 35, 36, 49 expansion of 264
Peter the Great, Tsar 195, 196, 204 propaganda 58, 70
Pharisees 46 British 358
Philadelphians 259 during Seven Years War 317, 321
Phoenicians 36, 42, 45 Germany 324, 325
Phule 113 Mazzini 296
Piedmont, Napoleon’s annexation of 300 of the Masurian Plebiscite Committee 229
Piedmontese 307, 307 print in the vernacular 86
Piłsudski, Józef 227, 227, 228, 228 republican 262
Plemx 115 royal 79
Plethos 115 Soviet 205
Podlaise 216 xenophobic, formulated by churchmen 150,
Poland 62, 222 151
1848 revolution in 21 propagandists
development of nationalist movement 329 English 258
dismemberment of 259 United Irishmen 261
ethnic cleansing (Stalin) 229 Protestant
Lithuanian Union with 223 British nation 92
nationalism in 13, 14, 14 martyrdom 85
Prussian, included in Kaiserreich 316 sense of identity 85
Royal Prussia incorporated into 215 values, in early modern England 85
Poles national identity of 221, 227 Protestantism 86, 217, 218
Polish state 222, 229 proto-nationalism 14–15, 15, 17, 18, 55
Polish-Lithuanian 216, 217 proto-nationalist movements 86
central diet (Sejm) of 217 in England, Holland, Scotland, North
Commonwealth 217, 222 America 86
Constitution of 3 May 1791 219, 220, 229 in London, Edinburgh, Antwerp, Boston 86

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 384 INDEX

prouincia 130 Reliques of Irish Poetry, see Brooke, Charlotte

Prussia 320 ‘Remonstrance of the Irish Princes’ 154
as defender of German values 321 Renaissance 3, 301
state-nationhood 328 Renan, Ernest 23, 33, 41
struggle during Seven Years War 318 Restoration 303
Prussian Romantic writings of 303
Burghers 217 revolutions (1848) 21, 361, 364
constitutional conflict 326 Reynolds, Susan 7, 54, 71, 77, 128, 176, 200, 252,
education 316, 317, 323 265
expansion 318 Rhine 173
Landtag 323 Riall, Lucy 305
nation 320 Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact 212
nationhood 323 Rice 130
patriotism 318, 321 Richard II, King of England 154
propaganda 321 rights of man 61, 62
reforms 320 Rights of Man, see Paine, Thomas
Prussian School 295 Risorgimento 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 301, 302,
Prynne, William 237 304
Public Record Office Robespierre, Maximilien 288
England (1838) 361 Roes, Alexander of 179, 180, 180
Ireland (1867) 361 on German empire 172
Scotland (1789) 361 views of German identity 180
public sphere 168, 257, 265, 340, 344 Romagnols 308
Pufendorf, Samuel, De Jure Naturae et Gentium Roman
(1672) 255, 257 Administration 118
Christianity/Christians 71
Qaush 41 Citizens 107
Quebec 47 codes 106
Queen Caroline affair 362 Emperor 106
Empire 4, 5, 119, 173, 176, 177, 217, 303
race/s 59 ‘translation’ to Germans 176;
distinction from nations 60 Emperor Charlemagne as renewer
racism, distinction from nationalism 60 of 173; Christian 176; medieval 177
Raclawice, Battle of 220, 222 terminology 171
Radziwiłł 225, 226 Romangnosi, Gian Domenico, leader of Milan
see also Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 303
Ramik 44 Romans 43, 47, 57, 108
Raynal 259 Romans, ancient, German kinship with 176
reeve/s 116, 134 Romanticism 4, 34
Reformation 89, 92, 150, 255, 260 Rome 85, 176, 309
national identity and nationalism in 87 ancient remains 301
regnum 77, 130, 132 centre of universal Church 303
regnum Alemanniae 171 classical 301
Reich 172, 173, 174, 175 classical and Christian heritage 301
medieval 169, 170, 171, 175, 177, 179 papal see 299
Reichspatrioten 318 Rome, Third 196
Reichspatriotismus 316, 317, 318 Roses, Wars of the 147
Reichsstadt 182 Rossiiski (form of Russianness) 197
religion 33, 45, 47, 59, 83, 85 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 61, 257, 257, 263, 264
Catholic Church and 4, 85 ‘Political Institutions’ 257
Christian Church 15 Confessions (1781) 264
church councils 11, 81 Considerations on Poland (1772) 257, 263
in Britain 357 and Corsica 259
Judaism 47 ideas about nations 61–2
religionnaires fugitifs 284, 288, 289 Social Contract (1762) 257

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 385
Routledge, Bruce 38 Russification, within former Polish-Lithuanian
royal: Commonwealth 223
agents, in medieval Ireland 145 russkii (form of Russianness) 197
armies 10 Russkii, association with sovetskii
authority 130 weakened 205
charters 134 Russo-Turkish war 197
collections (Britain) 361 Ruthenia and Lithuania
commands 79 as centre for Polish culture 226
court, in Ireland 146 influence of 225
courts 82, 84 Lubormirski, Potocki, Zamoyski, the
genealogies 77 Radziwiłł, the Sapieha, the
government 108; in Ireland 146 Czartoryski 225
power 130, 134, 137, 252, 265 Ruthenian culture 216
saints, see saints, royal Ruthenian elites, of Royal Prussia 216
writs 79 Rütli, Oath of 335
Royal Academy, founded (1768) 263 Rzeczpospolita, Res Publica, see Polish-Lithuanian
Royal Academy of Arts (England) 362 Commonwealth
Rupert, Prince 240
Rus Sacheverell, William 242
having significant pre-modern history 198 Sadducees 46
land of 195, 196, 199 St Brigid 155, 156
Russell, Thomas 254 St Just 277
Russia 195 St Patrick 154, 155, 156
as ‘imagined community’ 197 St Peter 177
assimilation of non-Russian peoples 199 St Pierre, abbé 257, 258
conflict of modernising and nation-building 209 Saints 106
cultivation of public memory in 205 absence of in medieval Germany 171
effect of modernisation 201 Anglo-Saxon, as national figures 138
effect of Second World War on 204 power of 107
ethnic identity in 207 royal 170
hegemonic rule in 197 Salians, palaces of 182
modernisation in 195 Sapieha 225
non-Russian national identity in 207 Sardinia 310
non-Russian national movements in 207 Sarmatian
political concept of the nation 201 Identity 218, 219
revolutionary 203, 204 Nation 217, 218
‘separatist nationalism’ in 207 Sasanids 43
Tasarist, crisis of nation-building 198 Savoy
Russian 209 cession of 302
Literacy 204 and Italy 295, 308
mytho-symbolic system 203 Sawyer, P. H. 119
national identity 195, 197, 204, 205, 207 Saxon Volk 324
nationalism 208 Saxon and Salian emperors 169
nation-state 208, 209 Saxon kings, court of 157
‘political community’ 198, 201 Saxon, the 169, 262
Russian state building 198 Saxony, dynastic unit 59, 325
Symbols, see symbols Scandinavia 72
Russian and Soviet state relationship Schiller, Friedrich 316, 317, 319
between 203 Schleswig, included in Kaiserreich 316
Russian Empire 196, 204, 208, 209 Schleswig-Holstein crisis 326
Russian Federation 209 Schmidt, Georg 317
Russian Republic (RSFSR) 202 Scotland (natio Scottorum) 47, 58
Russians 197 and national consciousness 87
as ‘holy people’ 197 development of political language in 76
ethnic interests of 203 threat to England 76

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 386 INDEX

Scots 58, 76 Slowacki, Juliusz 226, 226

invade Ireland (1315) 153 Smiles, Samuel 364
King of 58 Self-Help 365
wars with the English from 151 Smith, Adam, Wealth of Nations (1776) 248
Scott, Walter 303 Smith, Anthony D. 15, 15–16, 34–35, 54, 56, 60,
Scottish 68, 70, 81, 143, 195, 250
Crown 76 Smith, Brendan 145
Enlightenment 261 Smith, Joshua Toulmin 364
Gaeldom 76 Smollett, Tobias 263
kingdom, revenues of 146 Snyder, Timothy 22, 213
kings 71, 79 Society of United Irishmen of Belfast (United
planters 266 Irishmen) 253, 253, 254, 261, 262, 265
Scutchamer Knob 116 Sonderbund War 341
Scythia 58 Sonderweg 297, 298
Scythians 76 South America 109
Second World War Sovereignty 249, 254, 265
and British national consciousness 365 concepts of 248
effect on Russia 204 in Anglo-Saxon England 132
impact on British state 365 and the nation 249
Secreta secretorum 154 Soviet Communism 203
Seeley, John 295 Soviet propaganda, see propaganda
Sefire Stele 41 Soviet state 207, 208, 209
Selden, Titles of Honor 241 and Russian people 203
self-determination 54, 61, 64 de-nationalising features of rule 208
and Woodrow Wilson 213 does not generate political community 205
serfdom 199 performs many functions of a modern state 205
serfs, emancipation of 201 Soviet Union 204, 206
Seven Years War 262, 317, 318 as a messianic state 202
Sewell, William 276 modernisation of 207
Shabbat 46 promotion of non-Russian languages 203
Shakespeare, William see also Henry V 78 Spanish Succession, War of the 257
Shevchenko, Taras 223 Spectator 264
Shilluk 109 Stachowicz, Michal 222
shire/s 73, 109, 116, 117, 118, 136 Stadia 117
function of 134 Stämme, German 325, 325
shire court/s 10, 73, 74, 116, 117, 119, 135 state system, continental, origins of 255
scirgemote 119 state/s 55, 56, 57, 60, 63, 69, 80, 81, 88, 91, 115, 125,
shire reeves 134 129, 131–2, 134, 137
Shoemaker, Bob 356 concepts of 127, 133, 248
Shrewsbury 233 crusader 153
Shropshire 236 definition of 127, 130, 131
Siberia 204 and political community 195
Sicilians 307 and relationship with the king 128
Sicily 4 states system (Europe) 249
Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph, What is the Third Stein, Karl Freiherr von 320
Estate? 253 Stenton, Doris 137
Sigeric, Archbishop 119 Stenton, Sir Frank 106, 125, 126, 133, 134,
Sigismund III 226 135, 136
Silva, Pietro 295 Stephen, King of England 75, 237
Sinakan 45 Stonehenge 111
Sinuhe, Song of 48 Stoyle, Mark 233, 239
Skinner, Quentin 257, 336 Strasbourg 178
Slav 181 Strayer, Joseph 131
national character glorified by Stubbs, William 106, 129, 132, 133, 134
Herder 226 Suleiman, Yasir 37

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 387
Sully, duc de Thingwall 112
‘Grand Design’ 257, 260 Third Estate 253, 284
Memoirs of Henri IV (1638) 257 Thirteen Years War (1454–66) 215
Sumerians 36 Thiudans 115
Sutton Hoo 107 Thomas, Hugh 149
Sweden 112 Thompson, E. P. 356
Swift, Jonathan 251, 252 Thompson, Robert 44
Drapier’s Letter 251 Thomson, James 263
Swiss Thorn 222
cantons 260 Treaty of 215
civil war 339, 340 Thuente, Mary Helen 261
Confederate founding and liberation myths Thunginus 112
337 Tigranes the Great 43
Confederate myth-symbol complex and Tipperary 152
self-image 335, 337 tiutschiu lant 174
Education 344 Tobia, Bruno 297
Federal Army 341 Tone, Wolfe 253, 254
Federal Council 347 An Argument on Behalf of the Catholics (1791)
‘national character’ 336, 337 254, 260
nation-state 339, 344 ‘Ierne United’ 262
Peasant War (1653) 335 On the English Connection (1790) 254
Switzerland references to sovereignty 254
conservative restoration 339 Tonnesson, Stein 37
construction of railways 343 Trdat, King 42
emergence of self-conscious national treason 266; see also Gagging Act
movement 338 Treitschke, Heinrich von 328
expansion of political press 340 Tribes, see Stämme
loose confederation of cantons 339 Tribus 113
nationalism 17, 334, 341, 348, 349 Trier, Roman remains at 182
nation-building 343, 349 Trojan ancestry of Franks and German people
regions and localities 344 176
szlachta (noble polish elite) 214, 224, 226, 229 Trojans 57, 58, 77
Troy 57, 82
Tacitus 76, 86, 117 Troyes, Treaty of (1420) 78
Tadhg Óg Ó hUiginn 156 Tsar as symbol of Russian Empire 196
Talbot, Thomas 152 Tsardom 195
Tambov province 200 Tsarist
Tamworth, crown wearings at 107 Regime 206
Taryba 228 Russia 202
Tatars 217 State 196, 209
Taylor, Charles 264 Tsar/s 196, 204
Taylor, John 235 Tudor
Tell, Wilhelm 335 period 143
Teutones 169 reconquest and plantation of Ireland 144
Teutonia 174 tumuli 112
Teutonic Knights 215, 222 Turin elite 355
Teutonici 169, 172 Tuscany 173
Teutons 129, 133 Tvardovskii, Aleksandr, Vasilii Terkin 204
Thebes 48 Two Sicilies, Kingdom of the 297, 307
Thegns 74 Tynwald (Isle of Man’s assembly) 112
Theod 115
Theoden (prince) 115 uchelwyr, see Welsh
Theodoric 115 Ukraine 203, 209
Thierry, Scott and Augustin 303 Cossack revolts in 223
Thinghoe 112 Kievan Rus’ in 223

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 388 INDEX

Ukrainian Wahnich, Sophie 279, 279

Cossacks 218 Waldron, George 242
Identity 228 Wales 234
Nationalists 223, 227 ‘capitals’ of 233
past, reinterpretation of 223 as ‘imagined community’ 233, 236
territories, absorbed by Polish-Lithuanian historiography of 233
Commonwealth 215, 216 idea of 234
Ulozhenie (1649) importance of language and Celtic cultural
abolished by the Tsars in the 199 identities 232
and Russian serfdom 199 nation in 233
Ulster 112, 145 Wales, Charles Prince of 233, 238
United Provinces 260 Wales, Gerald of 149, 153, 154, 155, 157
USSR 203, 208 justifications of English title to Ireland 154
creates most of the characteristics of Topography and Conquest of Ireland 153
a nation 202 Waliszewski 228
Utrecht, Treaty of (1713) 255, 256, 258, Walloons of Malmédy 324
263, 265 warfare 77, 78, 79, 127, 255, 287
Warren, W. H. 136
Valdostan nation 308 Warrington 240
Vasas 226 Robert Massey of 240
Vasilii Terkin, see Tvardovskii, Aleksandr Wars of Liberation 319
Vattel, Emmerich de, The Law of Nations (1758) Warsaw 226, 226
258 Warwickshire 82
Venerabilem (1202) 176 Washington, George, National Assembly
Venetian Republic 302 declares to be French 278
Venetians 308 Waterford 146, 148, 157
Venice 59, 309 Wealth of Nations, see Adam Smith
Vento, Austrian (Italy) 308 Weber, Eugen 362
vernacular 75, 115 Welsh, as a national label 149
Germanic 115 Welsh
Verri, Pietro, Il Caffè 299 characterisation of 80
Vick, Brian 316, 317, 322 English portrayals of 233
Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy 307 ethnic discourse of, from mid-twelfth
memorial for 297 century 76
Victoria, Queen of England 134 institutions 233, 236
mirror of the nation 362 intermarrying with English-origin settlers 91
Vienna, Congress of 213, 319, 321 marcher lordships 146
Vilnius 226, 227, 228 pastoral society 71, 76
battle for 227 satires on 235
claimed by Poland and Lithuania after First stereotyping of 75, 76, 235
World War 225 uchelwyr (native ministerial class) 149, 234
cultural activity in 226 Wenceslas 173
German occupation of (1918) 222 Wessex, men of 129
Wilno University 226 West Saxon kings 136
Vistula, River 227 Westminster Palace 117
Vögelin, Salomon 346 Westphalia 179
Volk 115, 317, 319, 320, 324, 328 Treaty of (1648) 255
Hanoverian 324 Wexford 146
Saxon 324 What is the Third Estate?, see Sieyés, Emmanuel
Württemberg 324 Joseph
Völkerstämme (‘mixed tribes’ in Germany) 322 White, A. B. 57
Volpe, Gioacchino 295 Williams, Archbishop (royalist leader) 235
Voltaire 259, 301, 303 Wilno, see Vilnius
Vytautas (Witold), cousin of Władysław Jagiełło Wilson, Woodrow 213
222, 223 Wiltshire, court in 74

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538
 Index 389
Winchester, Statute of (1285) 145 Yahweh 33, 41, 45, 46
Witan 134 Yeavering 117
Witenagemots 134 Yeavering bell 118
Woolmer 119 York 118
Worcester, Battle of (1651) 240 Yorkist pretenders 148
Worcestershire 236 Young Ireland movement 261
Wormald, Patrick 129, 135 Young Ireland poets 262
Wright, Thomas, praise of Jersey 237, 238 Young, James, version of Secreta secretorum
Wulfgar, Abbot 120 154
Wulfsige, Bishop 95 Yucatan, pyramids of 111
Wulfstan of York, ‘Institutes of Polity’ 131 Yugoslavia, fall of 23
Wulfstan, Priest 120
Wulfwyn 120 Zamoyski 225, 226
Württemberg Zealots 47
dynastic unit 325 zemskii sobor 198
Volk 324 Zittau, Peter of 169
Wynflæd 116, 119 Ziuganov, Gennadii 208
vs Leofwine, Berkshire (990) 119 Zollverein 326
Zolov council (Armenian) 44
xenophobia 250 Zulu/s 110
xenophobic propaganda, see propaganda national feeling of 118

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Pendlebury Library of Music, on 27 Nov 2017 at 23:09:20, subject to the Cambridge
Cambridge
Core terms of use, available at Books Online © Cambridge
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. University Press, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614538