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Genocide in Bosnia
Bosnian Genocide, 1992-1995

Posts Tagged Foca

12-year-old Bosniak Girl Describes Rape by Serb Soldiers
Daily News, p.2
12 December 1992.

ZAGREB, Croatia The Serbian fighters who have seized large parts of Bosnia-Herzegovina
are being accused of systematic rape against captured Bosniak [Bosnian Muslim] women and
girls. Read the rest of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

January 29, 2011 at 7:10 pm

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Bosnia, Bosnia Genocide, Bosnian Genocide, Bosnian Muslim Victim of Rape,
Chetniks, Ethnic Cleansing, Foca, Foca Genocide, Serbs, Systematic Rape, Vazima Visovic

Primitive Serb Peasants Blamed for the Destruction

of Bosnia
First the Bricks, then the Soul

New Sunday Times

18 October 1992.

By Rohas
(A Bosnian refugee)

ZAGREB: The Serbian academic dissident Bogdan Bogdanovic said:

Serbian fascism is especially dangerous because it originates in the rural areas, and feels no
responsibility for the architecture of towns.
Their criminal attack on urban areas has been especially directed towards Bosnia-
Herzegovinian towns, mainly the Muslim ones of Foca, Visegrad, Zvornik, Sarajevo,
Srebrenica, Brcko, and the old towns of Prusac.

Bosniak and Croatian architectures of value in Mostar have been especially attacked and
religious buildings mosques, abbeys, Catholic churches, graveyards, and other sacred places,
have become particular targets. Read the rest of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

January 12, 2011 at 8:16 pm

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Banja Luka, Bosnia, Bosnia Genocide, Bosnian Genocide, Bosnian War, Brcko,
Croatia, Dubrovnik, Foca, Gorazde, Mostar, Prusac, Sarajevo, Serb fascism, Serbia, Serbian
fascism, Serbs, Srebrenica, Visegrad, Vukovar, Zvornik

Some Acts are Not Forgivable, Genocidal Rapes in Bosnia

An 18-year old Bosnian Muslim rape victim (September 1992, Bosnian Genocide). Photo by
Nina Berman, Sipa Press

An 18-year-old Muslim woman in Bosnia recovers one day after aborting a pregnancy resulting
from rape in September 1992. This rape occurred three years before the Srebrenica genocide.
Rape was used systematically as an instrument of war in the Bosnian genocide. Photo by Nina
Berman/NOOR. (note: lower quality photo posted for fair use only, non-profit/educational
purposes, full credits given to photographer) Please visit Nina Bermans blog for more photos.

I was sent to the special department for the pregnant women at Foca (see: Foca Genocide). I
had one month to go. For one month nobody touched us, and then Chetnik soldiers visited us,
and took all our gold and took two women from our room at 3 a.m. One of those women had
given birth to a dead baby before that and the other was three months pregnant. They brought
them back at 9 a.m. The next night they came back and took four women, the two from before
and another two, who had newborn babies. It happened every night. They came and took those
four women all the time. When I noticed someone was coming in the evening hoursI hid
under a sink in a cupboard. Everything else was like normal. We got food for the children. A
Serb doctor told us the soldiers wouldnt touch usand we didnt tell them anything. I gave
birth to my daughter Aida there. After some months, Munira and the other women were told
they would be freed in a prisoner exchange. One evening some soldiers came with vehicles to
take us. I thought we would be killed. Dr Cancar saved us. Dont worry, my children while Im
here nothing will happen to you. And at that moment one of the soldiers took away the woman
who had had the stillborn baby Read the rest of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

January 4, 2011 at 4:20 am

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Almira Bektovic, Bosnian Genocide, Foca, Foca Genocide, Karaman's House,
Rapes, Systematic Rapes, Systematic Rapes in Bosnia

Legally Validated Foca Genocide is part of

Bosnian Genocide
 Foca (Bosnian: Foa, pronounces as: FO-CHA)
is a town in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina on the Drina River, close to Srebrenica. In 1991,
the population of the municipality of Foca consisted of 20,790 Bosniaks (Muslims), 18,315
Serbs (Orthodox), 94 Croats (Catholics), 463 Yugoslavs, and 851 Others.

In 1992, the city came under the control of Serbian paramilitaries. Most of the Bosniaks were
expelled from the area. Foa was also the site of a rape camp in Partizan hall which was set up
by the Serb authorities in which hundreds of Bosniak women were raped.

Once the Serb forces cleared Eastern Bosnia of much of its Bosniak civilian population, the
towns and villages were securely in their hands. All of the Serb forces (i.e. the military, police,
paramilitaries and sometimes, villagers too) applied the same pattern: houses and apartments
of the expelled population were systematically ransacked or burnt down; remaining members
of the Bosniak civilian population were rounded up or captured, and sometimes beaten or killed
in the process. Read the rest of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

January 4, 2011 at 4:09 am

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Bosnia, Bosnian Genocide, Foca, Foca Genocide, Maksim Sokolovic, Nikola
Jorgic, Novislav Djajic

Systematic Rapes of Bosnian Muslim Women, An

Instrument of the Bosnian War 1992-95
Introduction by Khadija Husain: Systematic rape is a brutal tactic used in times of war to
terrorize women by sexually assaulting them. It has also been used as a means to perform ethnic
cleansing by degrading and demoralizing the persecuted ethnic group. According to
international law, systematic rape has been declared a crime against humanity as well as a war
crime. It is also one of the criteria that identifies a genocide.

The concept of systematic rape was utilized during the genocide in the Bosnian War. During
the ethnic cleansing performed by the Serbian soldiers against the Bosnian Muslims, the
Bosnian women and girls were tortured by sexual violence. A United Nations committee
determined that the number of women who were raped was around twenty thousand, whereas
the Bosnian government estimated that there were in fact fifty thousand rape victims. As a
result, war crime tribunals are now allowed to prosecute superior officers and hold them liable
for the actions of their subordinate soldiers.

Currently in the city of Darfur in Sudan, the Janjawid militia is systematically raping the women
there leading to another human rights crisis. This is similar to the brutality faced by Tutsi people
in Rwanda where the women and children today still remain distraught and tormented as the
deal with the aftermath of the systematic rape by the Hutu tribe that occurred there 10 years
ago. There is no question that rape is a tool of genocide even if it does not result in physical
death, it does have a decided impact on the rape victims both mentally and spirtually.

***

The following is a report from the Dallas Morning news:

Women: Weapons of War

In Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serb leaders policy of ethnic cleansing has allowed or

commanded Serb troops to terrorize, slaughter and rape. Rape required neither
gasoline nor bullets and made a powerful weapon, according to local war-crimes
investigators.

By George Rodrigue
Dallas Morning News
9 May 1993.

SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Herzegovina First Serb prison guards branded Aziza Osmanovic with
iron rods. Then they raped her, along with her 12-year-old daughter. Read the rest of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

December 17, 2010 at 11:01 pm

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Bijeljina, Bosnia, Bosnia Genocide, Bosniakophobia, Bosnian Genocide,

Bosnian War, Bratunac, Brcko, Ethnic Cleansing, Foca, Genocide, Genocide in Bosnia,
Prijedor, Srebrenica, Srebrenica Genocide, Srebrenica Massacre, Systematic Rape, Systematic
Rapes, Visegrad, Zvornik
Gorazde Massacre, Serbs Kill 50 Bosniaks in First-
Aid Center
By CHUCK SUDETIC,
Published: June 14, 1993

SARAJEVO, Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 13 More than 50 people were reported killed
today at an improvised first-aid center when Bosnian Serb forces unleashed heavy artillery
barrages on Gorazde, which the United Nations designated a safe area less than two weeks ago.

The Sarajevo radio reported that the shelling had left Goradzes streets littered with bodies and
that a rocket had exploded in the first-aid center, killing all 50 or so people inside. Read the rest
of this entry

Written by genocideinbosnia

December 11, 2010 at 2:31 am

Posted in Genocide

Tagged with Bosnia Genocide, Bosniakophobia, Bosniaks, Bosnian Genocide, Bosnian

Muslims, Bosnian War, Cajnice, eastern Bosnia, Foca, Gorazde, Gorazde massacre,
Islamophobia, Srebrenica, Visegrad

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fo%C4%8Da_ethnic_cleansing

Foa ethnic cleansing

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Foa ethnic cleansing
Chart showing exhumations carried out between 1996
and 2000 in the Foa municipality, Bosnia and
Herzegovina. (Photograph provided courtesy of the
ICTY)

Foa
Foa (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Location Foa, Bosnia and Herzegovina
7 April 1992 to January 1994
Date
(Central European Time)
Target Bosniaks
Attack type Mass killing
Perpetrators Serb forces

There was a campaign of ethnic cleansing in the area of the town of Foa committed by Serb
military, police, and paramilitary forces on Bosniak civilians from 7 April 1992 to January
1994 during the Bosnian War.

In numerous verdicts, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
ruled that the ethnic cleansing (all Bosniaks were expelled), killings, mass rapes, and the
deliberate destruction of Bosniak property and cultural sites constituted crimes against
humanity. Some 2,704 people from Foa are missing or were killed during this period.[1]
Additionally, Bosnian Serb authorities set up locations, commonly described as rape camps,
in which hundreds of women were raped.[2][3] Numerous Serb officers, soldiers and other
participants in the Foa massacres were accused and convicted of war crimes by the ICTY.

Contents
1 Attack against the civilian population
2 Mass rapes
3 War crime trials
o 3.1 Convicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former
Yugoslavia
o 3.2 Convicted by the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina
o 3.3 Acquitted by the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Attack against the civilian population

At the outset of the Bosnian War, Serb forces attacked the non-Serb civilian population in
Eastern Bosnia. Once towns and villages were securely in their hands, Serb forces - i.e. the
military, the police, the paramilitaries and, sometimes, even Serb villagers applied the same
pattern: Bosniak houses and apartments were systematically ransacked or burnt down while
Bosniak civilians were rounded up or captured and, sometimes, beaten or killed in the
process. Men and women were separated, with many of the men detained in local camps.[3]

13 mosques including the Alada Mosque were destroyed and the 22,500 Muslims who made
up the majority of inhabitants fled.[4] Only about 10 Muslims remained at the end of the
conflict.[5] On January 1994, the Serb authorities renamed Foa "Srbinje" (Serbian: ),
meaning "place of the Serbs" (from Srbi Serbs and -nje which is a Slavic locative suffix).

Mass rapes
See also: Rape in the Bosnian War

"Karaman's House", a location where women were tortured and raped near Foa (Photograph
provided courtesy of the ICTY).

Bosniak women were kept in various detention centres where they lived in unhygienic
conditions and were mistreated in many ways, including being repeatedly raped. Serbian
soldiers or policemen would come to these detention centres, select one or more women, take
them out and rape them. All this was done in full view, in complete knowledge and often with
the direct involvement of the Serbian local authorities, particularly the police forces. The head
of Foa police forces, Dragan Gagovi, was personally identified as one of the men who came
to these detention centres to take women out and rape them. There were numerous rape camps
in Foa. "Karaman's house" was one of the most notorious rape camps. The women kept in
this house were raped repeatedly. Among the women held in "Karaman's house" there were
minors as young as 15 years of age.[3]

Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) women were raped by the Serbs as part of a methodical and
concentrated campaign of ethnic cleansing. For instance, the girls and women selected by the
later convicted war criminal Dragoljub Kunarac or by his men, were systematically taken to
the soldiers' base, a house located in Osmana iki street no 16. There, the women and girls
(some as young as 14) were repeatedly raped. Serb soldiers regularly took Muslim girls from
various detention centres and kept them as sex slaves.[3]

Radomir Kova, who was also convicted by ICTY, kept four Bosniak Muslim girls in his
apartment, sexually abusing and repeatedly raping them. Kova would also invite friends to
his home and allow them to rape the girls. Kova also sold three of the girls; prior to selling
them, he gave two of the girls to other Serb soldiers who gang raped them for more than three
weeks. The girls were then taken back to Kova, who immediately sold one and gave the
other away as a present to his friend.[3]

War crime trials

Convicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia

Dragoljub Kunarac (born 15 May 1960;[6] 28 years in prison)[3]

Radomir Kova (born 31 March 1961;[6] 20 years in prison)[3]
Zoran Vukovi (born 6 September 1955;[6] 12 years in prison); granted early release
after serving about two thirds of the sentence.[7]
Milorad Krnojelac (born 25 July 1940;[8] 12 years in prison);[8] granted early release
on 9 July 2009 on the basis of credit given for the spent in detention since 15 June
1998.
Dragan Zelenovi (born 12 February 1961;[9] 15 years in prison); granted early release
on 28 August 2015 (effective 4 September 2015).[9]
Biljana Plavi (11 years in prison;[10] granted early release on 27 October 2009)[11]
Momilo Krajinik (20 years in prison; granted early release in September 2013)[12]

The trial of Radovan Karadi, wartime President of Republika Srpska, includes crimes
committed in Foa. Dragan Gagovi and Janko Janji were indicted by the ICTY but died, in
1999 and 2000, respectively.[13]

Convicted by the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Radovan Stankovi (20 years in prison;[2] escaped from prison;[14] recaptured five
years later[15])
Neo Samardi (24 years in prison)[16]
Gojko Jankovi (34 years in prison)[2]
 Savo Todorovi (12 years and 6 months in prison)[17][18]
Mitar Raevi (8 years and 6 months in prison)[19]
Radmilo Vukovi was sentenced to five years and six months imprisonment by the
Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina; later acquitted upon appeal.[20]

Acquitted by the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Momilo Mandi was acquitted of all charges.[21]

See also
Bosnian Genocide
List of massacres in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbian war crimes in the Yugoslav Wars

References
1.

"Rezultati istraivanja "Ljudski gubici '91-'95" - Podrinje". IDC. Archived from the
original on 2010-12-03.
"ICTY: Blagojevic and Jokic judgement" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-04-05.
"ICTY: Kunarac, Kova and Vukovi judgement" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-04-05.
Charter, David (28 May 2009). "World Agenda: US hopes for Bosnia rest on town
mayor's shoulders". The Times.
"Facts about Foa" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.
"Kunarac et al. Case Information Sheet" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for the
former Yugoslavia.
Vukovi profile, icty.org; accessed 28 October 2016.
"Milorad Krnojelac Case Information Sheet" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for
the former Yugoslavia.
"Dragan Zelenovi Case Information Sheet" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for
the former Yugoslavia.
"Prosecutor v. Biljana Plavi judgement" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for the
former Yugoslavia. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
"Biljana Plavi Case Information Sheet" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for the
former Yugoslavia.
"Prosecutor v. Momcilo Krajisnik judgement" (PDF). International Criminal Tribunal for
the former Yugoslavia. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
"Foa Confronts its Past". Human Rights Watch. 14 October 2004. Retrieved 17 July
2015.
"Search for Radovan Stankovi Continues". Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. 25
May 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
"Serb war criminal recaptured". Sky News. 21 January 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
"Final verdict handed down, sentencing Neo Samardi to 24 years imprisonment".
Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina. 13 December 2006. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
"Raevi Mitar and another". The Prosecutor's Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Savo Todorovi profile, icty.org; accessed 28 October 2016.
 Mitar Raevi profile, icty.org; accessed 28 October 2016.
"Radmilo Vukovi profile". The Prosecutor's Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Retrieved 17 July 2015.

21. "Momilo Mandi acquitted of all charges". balkaninsight.com. Retrieved 28

October 2016.

External links
Justice Report: Samardi verdict

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Yugoslav Wars
Categories:

Bosnian genocide
Anti-Muslim violence in Europe
Massacres in the Bosnian War
Conflicts in 1992
Conflicts in 1993
Conflicts in 1994
Serbian war crimes in the Bosnian War
1992 in Bosnia and Herzegovina
1993 in Bosnia and Herzegovina
1994 in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Wartime sexual violence
Foa