Basic Chemistry - General Chemistry - Applied Chemistry Notes for all Competitive

Exams
1. The purest form of carbon is Diamond.
2. A Mixture of water and alcohol can be separated by distillation.
3. Radiocarbon Dating, widely employed to determine the age of objects of animal of
vegetable origin involves the radioisotope carbon 14.
4. The use of ozone kills Micro-organisms in water.
5. Electrons in motion behave as if they were waves.
6. Sodium is soluble in benzene and ether.
7. Sun's material is of H2 and He 90%.
8. From liquid air oxygen is prepared by Clud's process.
9. Ozone gas turns silver into black.
10. Graphite and heavy water can be used as a moderator in atomic reactors.
11. Citric acid makes a lemon sour in taste.
12. A catalyst decreases the activation energy and alter the rate Mechanism.
13. Fluming sulphuric acid is called oleum.
14. The atoms of metals tend to lose electrons.
15. Pure water contains O2 up to the level of 89%.
16. Water boils at 100oCunder a pressure of 760mm of Hg.
17. Two solutions are said to be isotonic when they have the same somatic pressure.
18. The element which forms the largest number of compounds with hydrogen is carbon.
19. Gypsum is added to cement clinker to decrease the rate of setting of cement.
20. The industrial preparation of metal aluminium from bauxite involves the process of
electrolysis.
21. Molecular weight of the gas is equal to 2 X vapour density.
22. Phosphorus is kept under water to save it from catching fire when exposed to dry air.
23. During the burning of fuel carbon and hydrogen present in fuels are converted into CO2
and H20 vapor.
24. Helium is preferred to hydrogen in air balloons because it does not form an explosive
mixture with air.
25. The pure crystalline form of Silica used in scientific apparatus for passing UV light is
called quartz glass.
26. Wood charcoal is obtained by burning wood out of contact with air.
27. Steel contains 0.1-2% of carbon.
28. The solubility of gases in liquids increases with increases of pressure.
29. A transuranic element is one which has a higher atomic number than Uranium and is
thus radioactive in nature.
30. The atomicity of an atom is the number of atoms in one molecule of it.
31. Highly electropositive metals are extracted by electrolytic reduction.
32. Soda water is the solution of CO gas in water.
33. Uranium is naturally occurring radioactive element which emits a-particles and is
converted into thorium.
34. Nitrogen fertilizer having maximum amount of Nitrogen is urea.
35. Water is called 'the Standard Solvent'
36. The phenomenon of diffusion is utilized in uranium enrichment and perfume - spraying.
37. The chief chemical component of pearls is calcium carbonate.
38. Any gas contains zero volume at 273C temperature.
39. Absolute zero is the hypothetical temperature at which in gaseous state the molecular
motion causes and the volume of the gas becomes zero.
40. Nucleus is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of the
atom.
41. The percentage of lime in cement is 50.
42. Rain water helps to increase the Calcium content to some extent.
43. Liquid sodium is used as a coolant in Nuclear reactors.
44. Radioactivity happens only in heavier elements because only heavy nuclei will be
unstable.
45. The chemical name for marble is calcium carbonate.
46. The minimum possible temperature beyond which matter cannot be cooled that IS-
273.lSC.
47. Atomic hydrogen has a life period of fraction of sound.
48. The melting point of ice decreases by increasing pressure.
49. If gas is expanded at constant temperature the pressure decreases but the kinetic energy
of the molecules remains the same.
50. Sulphur compounds are the most harmful pollutant for archaeological artifacts.
51. The scattering of light in colloidal solution is called Tyndale effect.
52. It. is difficult to measure the pollutant carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere (as it's
colourless, odourless and almost of the same density as air.
53. The resistance of any pure metal increases with increases in temperature.
54. In the process of radioactivity V-rays are emitted from the nuclei.
55. Real gases obey Vander Waal's law.
56. A gas has property of indefinite expansion and neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape.
57. No dew is formed. When it is a cloudily conditions.
58. The main constituents of table salt are sodium and chlorine.
59. Carbon atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral configuration in Diamond.
60. Dew formation increases: When the relative humidity of air is high.
61. A gas is most soluble in a liquid at low temperature and high pressure.
62. Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic, but not a natural one.
63. As excited hydrogen atoms return to the ground sate they emit protons.
64. Atoms are composed of electrons and nuclei (i.e.) protons and Neutrons.
65. Zinc and copper make the terminals of the torch cell.
66. Cobalt is useful in making rust-resistant alloys.
67. Chlorine is used to kill germs in an Indoor swimming pool.
68. In cold countries, alcohol is preferred to mercury as a thermometer liquid because
alcohol has a very low freezing point
69. U-233 is derived from thorium.
70. Gasohol is a combination of gasoline and ethyl alcohol.
71. A petrol fire can be best extinguished by using water and halogenated hydro carbons.
72. When a radioactive element emits a -particle. Its atomic number is reduced by 2 and
its atomic Mass by 4. But, when -particles is lost it goes one place ahead in the periodic
Table.
73. If the pH-value of a given solution is made to decrease its acidity will increase.
74. Water boils below 100C at higher altitudes because atmospheric pressure is low there.
75. The electronegativity of elements decrease while going down is a group in the Periodic
Table.
76. Sodium would burn when put into water.
77. Calcium is extracted from electrolysis.
78. Cathode rays are deflected by electric and magnetic field.
79. Radio-isotopes of short half-lives produce very high level of radiation in a short period.
80. Hydrogen cannot be used as an automobile fuel because of its highly explosive nature.
81. U-235 is the chief fuel used in nuclear reactors (only 0.7%) but the bulk of the natural
Uranium is U-238.
82. The volume of a gas increases with increase in temperature. Keeping pressure constants.
83. The coolant used in fast breeder reactors is generally liquid sodium.
84. Carbon is present in all common fuels.
85. Bordeaux mixture is used as a fungicide.
86. Gases mix by the process of diffusion.
87. Metals are better conductors of heat because of ionic bonding.
88. The element common in glass cement and quartz is silicon.
89. Nylon, Polyethylene and Teflon are the thermoplastic polymers.
90. The volume of a given mass of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the
pressure.
91. Plutonium is not found in nature and it is man-made.
92. Methyl alcohol is not used for marking alcoholic beverages.
93. The chief chemical constituent of petroleum is hydrocarbons.
94. Ionic bond is formed when a metallic element reacts with a non-metallic element.
95. Calcium is most suited for a photoelectric cell.
96. The chemical name of calomel is mercuras chloride (Hg2Cl2).
97. In an ordinary dry cell electrolyte is Ammonium chloride.
98. Radioactive nucleus cannot emit proton.
99. Zinc oxide is called the flower of zinc.
100. To make the glass hard. Some KCl is added to it.
101. Lead of a pencil is made of graphite.
102. The gas used in refrigerators is ammonia.
103. The acid used in Lead-storage batteries is sulphuric acid.
104. -rays are basically Helium nuclei.
105. Fly ash from thermal plants can be profitably used to make bricks and precast blocks.
106. Stainless steel resists rusting as it contains a high proportion of chromium to carbon.
107. Permanent hardness of water i.e. due to Calcium sulphate. Which can be eliminated
by using zeolites.
108. Cysteine (an amino acid) contains sulphur.
109. Cooking is quicker in a pressure cooker because it increases bailing point of water.
110. Chemical fertilizers contain nitrogen potassium and phosphorus.
111. The charcoal, used to declourise raw sugar is animal charcoal.
112. Kinetics is the rate at which chemical reactions proceed.
113. Iron sheets are galvanized to prevent corrosion by coating them with a layer of zinc.
114. Inert Gases cannot be easily changed by chemical reactions.
115. The deposition of one metal on another by electric current is known as electroplating.
116. An element which burns to give an oxide which is gaseous under ordinary condition
is carbon.
117. Elements having atomic numbers higher than 92 in the periodic tables.
118. The molecular weight of element or a compound is the number of times one molecule
of it is as heavy as one atom of hydrogen.
119. Oxy-acetylene flame has the maximum temperature.
120. The atoms of the same element combine to form the covalent bonds.
121. Thorium is extracted from the monazite sand.
122. The property of metals capable of being drawn into wires known as ductility.
123. Copper sulphate and Bordeaux mixture are used as fungicides.
124. Cobalt, Nickel and Iron Ore Magnetic in nature.
125. Under the normal condition a peeled banana is a plastic.
126. The reagent that bleaches the colour of a fabric is sulphur dioxide.
127. Tyndall effect would be observed in a colloidal solution.
128. On Earth's crust, the most abundant element is oxygen.
129. Gasoline is the name given to the same substance as petrol.
130. Duralium contains 95% aluminium.
131. Ordinary hydrogen has excess of H-atoms.
132. A breeder reactor is that which produces more fissionable material than it burns.
133. The acid generally stored in batteries is sulphuric acid.
134. Eudiometer is to measure volume change in chemical reactions between gases.
135. Nitrogen in the air dilutes oxygen which is very reactive in pure form.
136. The permanent hardness of water can be removed by adding washing soda to some
extent, but it can completely be removed by adding zeolites.
137. Ordinary hydrogen has excess of + atoms.
138. In fermentation there is invariably the formation of ethyl alcohol.
139. Bromine is a red liquid.
140. A gas will behave as an ideal gas at very low pressure and high temperature.
141. Silver is not significantly affected by atmospheric moisture and oxygen.
142. Exhaled hair when bubbled through lime water turns milky because it contains CO2.
143. Water is most easily changed into the solid or gaseous phase from its natural phase at
room temperature.
144. Hydrogen has the same atomic number and atomic weight.
145. The pH-value of solution obtained by the complete neutralization of HCl and NaOH
solution will exactly be 7.
146. Avogadros Law is applicable to gases only
147. Asbestos is a fibrous silicate mineral mainly of Ca and Mg.
148. In general, the solubility of a solid in a liquid can be increased by increasing
temperature.
149. Dry ice at room temperature gives CO2 gas.
150. Potassium reacts most readily with water.
151. Protons has properties similar to that of both particles waves.
152. Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen by weight in the ratio of 2:16.
153. A balloon filled with hydrogen gas can raise up to the height. Where the density of air
becomes equal to the average density of balloon filled with hydrogen.
154. Gun metal is made from tin and copper.
155. Fibre gas is used for insulating stoves and refrigerators.
156. Detergents produce lather with hard water because the calcium and magnesium salts
of sulphuric acids once soluble in water.
157. The function of a moderator in nuclear reactor is to slow down the secondary neutrons.
158. In electrolysis electrical energy is changed to chemical energy.
159. An element cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by any known
chemical process.
160. The term Octane number is related to petrol.
161. Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis.
162. In the process of enameling utensils a metal utensil is covered with a layer of Molten
glass.
163. The soft-smooth feel of the skin after using shaving lotion is due to the presence of
alcohol.
164. Silver halides are used in photographic plates because they are readily reduced by
light.
165. Vinegar is prepared by the fermentation of apple cider in presence of air.
166. Manometer is an instrument to determine the pressure of the gas.
167. Urea can be manufactured by NH28CO2
168. Mordants are substance that fix colours on fabrics.
169. A piece of bread when chewed tastes sweet because Saliva's action converts starch
into Maltose.
170. The principal components of biogas are CH4 and CO.
171. Atmospheric temperature increases with elevation due to convection.
172. Deuterium (4H2) differs from hydrogen in physical properties only.
173. The temperature at which a sample may exist in all three phases in equilibrium is
called triple point.
174. Boson (an elementary from of matter) have the tendency to stay in its ground state.
175. The height of the liquid in a barometer tube depends on the pressure of the atmosphere
and nature of the liquid.
176. The only metal which exists as liquid at room temperature is Mercury.
177. The commonly used refrigerant in fridges is Freon i.e, CFCs.
178. Pyrex glass is resistant to heat.
179. The main use of salt in the diet is to produce hydrochloric acid to digest the food.
180. A ductile Material can permanently be stretched without fracture and a malleable
material can permanently be composed without fracture.
181. A greenish - yellow colour is seen once hard-boiled egg due to the formation of some
iron compounds.
182. Sodium carbonate does not make water hard, because the sodium salts of higher fatty
acids are water-soluble.
183. Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis.
184. The transfer of electron is seen in electrovalence.
185. Calcination involves the change of metals into their oxides.
186. The hardness of diamond is due to its tetrahedral structure.
187. The catalyst in rusting of Iron is moisture.
188. Air and water must be present if iron is to rust.
189. Pure alcohol can be easily obtained from wine by the process of distillation.
190. Amphoteric substances are those which react both with acids and bases.
191. The boiling point of water is unaffected by the temperature of heat source.
192. The metal which is least affected by the exposure to the atmosphere is tin.
193. Ozone attacks mercury and silver.
194. Strongest hydrogen bonding is shown by Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
195. Mercury is generally used as a thermometric fluid rather than water because its greater
visibility than that of water.
196. Common salt obtained from sea.
197. Addition of water molecules to a chemical compound is called hydrolysis.
198. An atom has no net electric change
199. Noble metals do not corrode or tarnish in air or water.
200. A substance which conducts electricity when molten or solution but not in the solid
state is called an electrotype.
201. The water content in the atmosphere becomes more as temperature increases.
202. Amino acids are formed from -keto acids.
203. Atomic Number is the number of protons on the nucleus of an atom.
204. Cooking oil can be converted into vegetable ghee by process of hydro generation.
205. When silver is exposed to the atmosphere, a thin layer of silver sulphide appears on
the surface.
206. An ideal gas cannot be liquefied as its critical temperature is always above 0oC.
207. Fluorescent powder is used for developing finger prints on a multi coloured surface.
208. Pure water is obtained from the sea water by evaporation.
209. The acid that can be used as a hypnotic is barbituric acid.
210. Neutralization of an acid by a base is an example of double decomposition.
211. A moderator regulates the number of nuclei split by the impact of neutrons.
212. The solution of sodium chloride is neutral.
213. Ammonium nitrate is a powerful destructive agent.
214. Cesium is used for time-keeping in an atomic clock.
215. Colour of solid iodine is steel grey.
216. IA to VII A groups of elements are known as normal elements.
217. The element which is used as a semiconductor in transistors is germination.
218. Acid rain is caused by the pollution of Environment due to Nitrogen oxide and sulphur
dioxide.
219. Chlorination means the addition of a small quantity of chlorine in water as a Germicide
220. Rising of dough in the process of manufacture of bread is through the action of CO2,
221. The elements of group to VII B and VII are called the transition elements.
222. Coloured glasses for goggles contain ferrous oxide.
223. The industrial preparation of metal aluminium from Bauxite involves the process of
electrolysis.
224. Sachharinderer is an instrument to determine the pressure of the gas.
225. In case of a chemical change - electron is generally affected.
226. To make rubber strong and bounceable we add Sulphur.
227. The smallest possible unit of chemical compound is molecule.
228. Synthetic detergents are a mixture-of sodium salts of aromatic and aliphatic sulphuric
acids.
229. An alloy which melts at the lower temperatures is solder.
230. Diamond is very hard, while graphite is very soft.
231. Plutonium can be directly used for nuclear explosion and hence very important
232. Water gas is the Mixture of CO and H2
233. Aniline is used in dyes and medicines.
234. When the solute is mixed in solvent its boiling point increases.
235. Duralium contains 95% aluminium.
236. The enormous energy released in an atomic explosion is due to the conversion of mass
into energy.
237. When some impurity is added to the solvent, its boiling point increases with the
amount of impurity.
238. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its temperature.
239. Low ionization energy is characteristic feature of a metal.
240. The temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of the bicarbonates of Ca and
Mg.
241. To make artificial rain silver iodide is needed.
242. Peal ash is potassium carbonate.
243. At absolute zero temperature the total kinetic energy of the molecules is zero.
244. The solubility of solids increases with increase in temperature.
245. Baking powder contains sodium bicarbonates and tartaric acid.
246. In the process of electroplating electric energy is converted into heat energy or
magnetic energy or chemical energy.
247. Fog is a colloidal solution of gas and liquid.
248. Lead pencil is graphite.
249. Heavy Water (D2O) is called heavy because it is an oxide of deuterium.
250. Size of the nucleus is 10-12 meter.
251. The space between nuclei and electrons in an atom is vacant.
252. Gaseous fuels are preferred in Industries.
253. Sulphuric acid is produced by the lead chamber process.
254. Carbon-dating is used to determine the gas of fossils.
255. Argental (Ag2S) is an alloy of Silver.
256. More than one neutron is released in the process is used for dry-cleaning of clothes.
257. X-rays are produced when very high energy electrons are stopped suddenly at a metal
target.
258. The fundamental units of radioactivity are Curie and Becquerel
259. The amount of humidity present in air divided by the maximum humidity that air can
processes is known as relative humidity.
260. In general glasses are bad conductor of electricity.
261. Bleaching powder is a light yellow powder which reacts with oil acids to release Cl2
and acts as an oxidizing.
262. Gold is the most ductile of all the metals.
263. Chlorine gas bleaches the flowers.
264. The resistance of a Semi-conductor decreases within increase of temperature.
265. Ammonia is produced by the Haber's process.
266. Ethanol is also called 'grain alcohol'.
267. Green vitriol is FeS04 7H2O
268. Detergent's action of soap is due to decrease in surface tension of water.
269. There is no effect of temperature pressure etc. on radioactivity.
270. Malachite is the mineral of copper.
271. The isotope of Uranium which is very much radioactive is U-235.
272. The resistance of Mercury becomes zero at 4k.
273. Large energy release in an atomic bomb explosion is mainly due to the product having
a lesser mass than initial substance.
274. Ethyl alcohol is used as a Sedative i.e. Soothing medicine.
275. White phosphorus is a strong poison.
276. Y-rays are produced by nuclear changes in the atom.
277. Alcohol is used for during cleaning of clothes.
278. The age of an artefact is determined using the technique based on radio carbon dating
and chemical kinetics.
279. Rust is hydrated ferric oxide
280. For welding the gas is used acetylene.
281. The Lightest particle is electron 0 particle.
282. Water is not applicable to extinguish oil fire and electrical fire.
283. Density of water is Maximum at 4C.
284. Electroscope is used to detect the presence of charge on a body.
285. Filament of electric bulbs are made up of Tungsten.
286. Fast Breeding Reactor is a nuclear reactor to produce electricity though fusion process.
287. Electric bulbs are filled with Argon gas.
288. Mercury (Liquid) is the good conductor of heat.
289. Pure gold is softer than steel.
290. Water boils below 100C at higher altitudes because the atmospheric pressure is low
there.
291. U-238 ultimately decays to a stable isotope i.e. Lead- 206.
292. The fissionable isotope of Uranium and therefore, important for nuclear reactors is U-
235.
293. Solder alloy melts at the lowest temperature.
294. Bio-energy is a renewable source of energy.
295. Graphite is crystalline allotropes of carbon. Which a good conductor of electricity and
can produced artificially.
296. Pressure law verifies relation between pressure and temperature content volume.
297. Gobar gas main constituent methane.
298. Nitrogen fixation means conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into useful compounds.
299. A breeder nuclear reactor produces more fissionable material than it consumes.
300. X-ray was invented by W.E. Roentgen 1895 (Germany)
301. The Chemical name of baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO2).
302. Crude petroleum is converted into petrol through a process called fractional
distillation.
303. The Mixture of sand arid iodine can be separated by sublimation.
304. Water glass is a mixture of Sodium Silicate.
305. The gas responsible for the Bhopal Gas Tragedy was Methyl Isocyanates.
306. Phenol is used as an antiseptic.
307. Bleaching powder is made from lime and chlorine.
308. Graphite in nuclear reactors is used as moderator for neutrons.
309. The element common to all acids is hydrogen.
310. Calcium silicate is the main constituent of glass.
311. The conversion of a substance directly from solid to vapor state is known as
sublimation e.g. Camphor Iodine etc.
312. Sodium benzoate is used for preservation purposes.
313. Oxygen is was discovered by Priestley
314. Heavy water, Graphite and Neutrons are used as Moderator in nuclear reactors.
315. A mixture of water and Sodium chloride can be separated distillation.
316. The particle that is used to trigger off the nuclear fission reaction is neutron.
317. Excessive chlorination leads to pollution of water by producing HCL.
318. Wax is rich in hydrocarbons.
319. The most common type of radioactive disintegration involves -particles.
320. Acetylene and oxygen find application in gas welding.
321. Anthracite is the purest form of mineral coal.
322. CO2 is used in fire extinguishers.
323. RDX and Nitroglycerine are explosives.
324. Hydrogen is used in billing balloons
325. Soap is prepared by boiling caustic soda with fats.
326. The first known super conductor is Mercury.
327. In a nuclear reactor uncontrolled fission reaction takes place.
328. In the process of electroplating of an object with nickel the nickel is made anode while
the object is made cathode.
329. Radioactivity is due to unstable and heavy nucleus.
330. Low combustion temperature and high calorific value are the feature of a good fuel.
331. Atomic weight = Equivalent weight x valency.
332. When an element burns in air. It is converted into a compound.
333. The element present in the largest amount in rock and minerals is silicon.
334. An element common in nichrome and German Silver is Nickel.
335. Chloral when heated with cone H2S04 gives D.D.T.
336. The setting of Plaster of Paris is due to hydration.
337. Green vitriol is ferric sulphate (FeS047H2O). While blue vitriol is (CuS045H2O).
338. Corborundum is used as an abrasive for cutting and grinding glasses.
339. Maximum 'Gobar Gas' is produced during the rainy season.
340. The boiling point of a liquid increases with boiling point of a liquid increases with
increases of pressure.
341. Combustion of candle is an example of exothermic reaction.
342. Y-rays are used for sterilizing food stuffs controlling pests and cancer therapy.
343. To check the flow of blood ferric chloride is used.
344. Cryolite is a double - floride of Aluminium and Sodium.
345. The Chemical name of the Lunar Caustic is Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)
346. The total number of electrons in Ammonium Ion (NH4 +) is 10
347. A fusion reaction is initiated by high temperature.
348. Evaporation takes place at all temperatures from the surface and is accompanied by
cooling.
349. The gas used in refrigerators is Ammonia.
350. Zinc phosphate and zinc phosphate are used as rat poisons.
351. Aluminium phosphate is used as pesticide.
352. Bronze is an alloy of Cu and Sn. While Brass is that of Cu and Zn.
353. Electro Static Precipitators (ESP) can help to reduce the menace of fly-ash.
354. L.P.G. consists mainly of propane and butane.
355. Geiger - Muller counter is a device for detecting radioactive materials.
356. Chemically the bulk of biogas consists methane (CH4).
357. In a fission reaction, a heavy atomic nucleus splits up with the emission of neutrons.
358. The domestic cooking gas consists mostly of liquefied butane and isobutene.
359. Natural gas predominately is methane.
360. Gelatin is used in the manufacture of ice-cream prevent crystal growth.
361. In Dead Sea, the boiling point of water will be maximum.
362. The metals, which can be drawn into wires is called ducts.
363. The mass of the proton is 1800 times that of an electron.
364. Soaps are produced by the Saponification of fats with alkali solution.
365. The lightest substance known is Hydrogen and the heaviest is Osmium.
366. Alcoholic beverages contain ethyl alcohol.
367. The corrosion of Iron can be prevented by galvanizing and coating it with grease.
368. Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil (HVO) finds application in the preparation of bread,
biscuits and vegetable ghee.
369. Methyl alcohol causes blindness. When present in liquor.
370. Magnesium is commonly extracted from seawater commercially.
371. Nitrous Oxide (N20) is used as an anaesthetic.
372. The most common element by weight in Earth's crust is oxygen.
373. When a solid metals, thermal energy is absorbed.
374. Chromatography is the Science to Separate.
375. Diamond is harder than graphite due to the difference in its crystalline structure.
376. Plutonium is not found in nature.
377. The substance whose aqueous solution will be better conductor of electricity than
water is the common salt.
378. Mercury 'is also known as Quick Silver.
379. Enriched Uranium means natural uranium which has been coated with -235.
380. At Kelvin zero the motion of the molecules ceases.
381. At its melting point ice is lighter than water because Ice crystals have follow
hexagonal arrangement of H20 molecule.
382. Vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid.
383. A discharge of electricity through neon at low temperature produces an intense
orange-red glow.
384. When iron rusts its weights increases.
385. Nuclear fusion is also known as Thermonuclear reaction because in demands
conditions of extremely high temperatures.
386. Brownian movement is observed in vessel containing gas and dust particles.
387. H202 is stored in coloured bottles in order to prevent self-oxidation and reduction.
388. In a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) the cathode rays emanate from cathode and travel
forwards.
389. All bicarbonates are soluble in water.
390. Sulphuric acid is used as a dehydrating agent.
391. Nichrome wire is used as a heating element in many appliances because it can be
drawn into wires easily and it resists oxidation in air when red hot.
392. Glycerine, in fact is an alcohol.
393. In a common fluorescent tube mercury and organ are used
394. The resinous substance, shellac is obtained from the distillation of wood.
395. The element showing maximum tendency towards catenation is carbon.
396. Among the fertilizers, urea has the maximum nitrogen content.
397. Wood heated in an enclosed container will produce char coal.
398. If the pH-values of an acid is lower it means it is stronger.
399. The Chemical commonly used for preserving biological specimens is formaldehyde.
400. The process of loss of electrons in a chemical reaction is called oxidation.
401. A thermostat is a device used to maintain a constant temperature of a water bath or an
oven.
402. Sulphuric acid is often called the king of chemicals.
403. Filter beds used to remove suspended impurities from municipal water consists of fine
S and charcoal and gravel.
404. The evaporation of a liquid is accompanied by decrease in entropy.
405. Isotopes are generally separated by distillation.
406. When some salt is sprinkled on slab of ice, it does not melt readily.
407. Catalyst in a chemical reaction generally helps to accelerate a reaction.
408. D.D.T and Gammexane are insecticides.
409. Cadmium rod is used in a reactor to absorb neutrons.
410. German Silver is an alloy of Zn, Cu and Ni
411. Alcohol mixed with water can be separated by the process of distillation.
412. In a dry cell zinc and carbon act as electrodes.
413. The process of apply in zinc is called galvanization.
414. The oil in water is an example of suspension.
415. Sun's energy is due to Nuclear Fusion in which Hydrogen is converted into Helium.
416. The force of attraction - between like molecules is called cohesion
417. Permanent hardness of water is due to the sulphates of Ca and Mg.
418. Air is neither an element nor a compound but a mixture.
419. A large amount of energy is released during nuclear fission because of a loss of Mass.
420. Plaster of Paris (CaS04H2O) is basically gypsum (CaS04 1/2 H20 ).
421. Aqua regia is cone nitric acid and cone hydrochloric acid.
422. Among the constituents of air, the largest in proportion is Nitrogen.
423. Malathion is an insecticide.
424. Lead is added to Petrol as an octane booster.
425. The cosmic rays entering our atmosphere are almost entirely positively charged
particles.
426. Heating element in an electric heater is made of nichrome.
427. A variety of glass used for optical purpose contains lead silicate.
428. Vinyl plastics are used as adhesive.
429. Heavy water (D20) is used in a reactor to slow down neutrons.
430. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are chemical compounds that find application in
refrigeration and air conditioning.
431. Rubber is a polymer of isoprene while Nylon is a polyamide.
432. Two metals combine to form an alloy.
433. The Freezing point of water decreases, when some soluble is dissolved in it.
434. Boiling point of water increases with increase in pressure.
435. The moderator in a nuclear reactor slows down the neutron to increase the probability
of fission.
436. Sodium is stored in Kerosene in order to avoid its evaporation.
437. A tomb bomb is an example of nuclear fission reaction. While Hydrogen bomb is that
of nuclear fusion reaction.
438. Wrought Iron is purest type of Iron that contains least amount of carbon.
439. In the Halogen family Iodine exists as solid and Bromine as liquid.
440. The explosion of an atom bomb is caused by the uncontrolled fission reaction of U-
235.
441. Salt solution in water is a good conductor of electricity.
442. The best conductor of electricity is distilled water.
443. -rays are electromagnetic radiations.
444. Otto Hahn invented nuclear fission as well as atom bomb.
445. In a fast breeder reactor. U-238 gets converted into plutonium-239.
446. In a refrigerator cooling is produced by the evaporation of a volatile liquid.
447. The charge carried by a proton is equal but opposite to that of an electron.
448. Fire caused by petrol can be extinguished by foam. While due to electricity by carbon,
tetrachloride (CCI4)
449. Ethyl Alcohol (C2H5OH) is manufactured industrially by fermentation of cane sugar.
450. Calcination is a process in which the ore is heated in absence of air.
451. Change of liquid to gaseous sate is called vaporization.
452. Diamond is the hardest natural occurring substance because of covalent bonds
between its atoms.
453. Lead provides a good protective shield against radioactivity.
454. Detergents are made of sulphates.
455. CO2 alone contributes to global warming