For Incompressible liquid flow

Q= N1Cv (p/ Gf)

Cv flow coefficient
Q flow rate
p1 inlet pressure
p2 outlet pressure
Dp pressure drop (p1 p2)
Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0)
Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0)
N1, N2 constants for units
T1 absolute upstream temperature:
K C + 273
R F + 460
 For Low and High Pressure Drop Gas flow
Q = N2Cv P1 (1- 2p/3P1)( p/P1GgT1) Q = 0.471N2Cv P1 ( 1/GgT1)
if P2 >1/2 P1 if P2 <1/2 P1
Cv flow coefficient Cv flow coefficient
Q flow rate Q flow rate
P1 inlet pressure P1 inlet pressure
P2 outlet pressure P2 outlet pressure
p pressure drop (p1 p2) p pressure drop (p1 p2)
Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0) Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0)
Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0) Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0)
N1, N2 constants for units N1, N2 constants for units
T1 absolute upstream temperature: T1 absolute upstream temperature:
K C + 273 K C + 273
R F + 460 R F + 460
Equations

Water

Cv = Q / (SQRT (P1 - P2)) (Eqn. 1)

Where:
Cv = valve sizing coeffecient
Q = flow rate in Gallons Per Minute
P1 = upstream pressure
P2 = downstream pressure
Viscous Liquid

Turbulent Flow
FpCv = (Q/(N1 * Fr)) * SQRT(SG/(P1-P2)) (Eqn. 2)
Laminar Flow

FpCv = (1/Fs)((Q*U)/(N10*(P1-P2)))^2/3 (Eqn. 3)

CvRatio = (Eqn. 2) / (Eqn. 3) (Eqn. 4)
If CvRatio < .46, use Eqn. 3, else use Eqn. 2.

Where:

Cv = valve sizing coeffecient

Q = flow in Gallons Per Minute
U = viscosity in centipoise
P1 = upstream pressure in psi (psi)
P2 = downstream pressure in psi (psi)
N1 = 1.0, units constant
N10 = 52.3, units constant
Fp = 1.0, correction factor for piping around valve (adjust for your
conditions)
Fr = 1.0, Reynolds factor, turbulent flow
Fs = 1.05, valve factor for plug valve

Gas
Cv = Q/(16.05 * SQRT((P1^2 - P2^2)/(SG * (T+460)))) (Eqn. 5)
Where:
Cv = valve sizing coeffecient
Q = flow in SCFM
P1 = upstream pressure in psia
P2 = downstream pressure in psia
SG = Specific Gravity
T = temperature in degrees F
Nomenclature CV = Valve Flow Coefficient.
DB =
Inside Diameter of Valve Body Outlet =
Inches. See Table 5. DP =
Inside Diameter of Outlet Pipe = Inches.
FF =
Liquid Critical Pressure Ratio Factor: Fk =
Ratio of specific Heats Factor. FL =
Liquid Pressure Recovery Factor. FL Required
= The FL factor to avoid Choked Flow. FL
Rated = The FL factor rated for individual
Trim Styles. See Table 4. FP = Piping
Geometry Factor, If the valve size and pipe
size are equal us 1.0, if not refer to ISA 75.01
section 4.3. FR = Reynolds Number Factor,
Normally = 1.0 but varies with very slow fluid
velocities or very viscous fluids. Refer to ISA
75.01 section 4.4. Gf = Specific Gravity of a
Liquid relative to water at 60 F. Gg = Specific
Gravity of a Vapor relative to air at 60 F 14.7
PSIA. k = Ratio of specific Heats. See Table 3.
KC = Cavitation Index. See Table 4. M =
Molecular Weight. See Table 3. P1 = Valve
Inlet Pressure (psia). P2 = Valve Outlet
Pressure (psia). PC = Fluids Critical Pressure
(psia). See Table 3. PV = Fluids Vapor
Pressure (psia). Q = Volumetric Flow Rate:
Liquids (GPM) Vapor (SCFH) T = Fluid
Temperature in Degrees Rankine. R = F +
460. V2 = Specific Volume of vapor, either
gas or steam = Ft.3 / Lb. W = Mass Flow Rate
= Lb./Hr. x = Pressure Drop Ratio. xT =
Maximum Pressure Drop Ratio, varies with
Trim Style. See Table 4. Y = Fluid Expansion
Factor for vapor flow. Z = Compressibility
Factor for vapor flow. Usually 1.0. Refer ISA
Handbook of Control Valves, 2nd Edition,
pages 488-490. = Specific Weight = Lb./Ft.3