Access To Information For Youth and Their Communities in Uganda Final

Access to Information

For Youth and their Communities
in Uganda
Report prepared by: Seth Herr, Paradox Alley
March – June 2010

Handover Notes from Meeting with UNICEF Fellow Jean- Marc
Lefebure

Digital Drum Reconstruction/ Information Access

A majority of what was discussed during the handover meeting with Jean-‐Marc
Lefebure was details of the design and manufacture process of the Drum as it
currently exists (second revision prototype). Jean-‐Marc detailed the current
revision and we discussed the areas of the design that could be improved for the
next revisions

Basic DD design and build process needs to be addressed
• Waterproofing
• Reduce keyboard expense
• Harden solar power data collection system
• Create out-‐of-‐band management system (GPRS, power management)
• Display brightness concerns
• Lower overall power envelope
• Explore alternative battery chemistries and compare TCO / lifespan / impact
of operating environment / availability

Overall needs to be addressed:
• Locate suppliers of routinely used parts in Kampala

• Identify local businesses capable of supporting drum build, painters, metal
shops, electronic technicians, etc.
• Develop sustainable model for support and maintenance of the Drum
• Develop a user-‐friendly interface for Drum
• Refine security of operating system on the Drum

We discussed some possible approaches to interest the private sector in developing
and maintaining the Drum such as it’s potential to be used as a pay-‐per-‐use internet
access point, potential use as a cellular phone charging station and subsidizing
production and operating expenses through advertising on the device (physical
branding on the case).
Solar Power in Rural Uganda: Use Cases and Recommendations

The purpose of this document is to detail potential use cases for solar power in rural
Uganda as well as providing some purchasing recommendations for solar systems to
suit each use case based on currently available technology.

As technology becomes more involved in every aspect of our lives, the need for
generation of sustainable, clean electricity to power the devices we rely upon
increases. While advances are being made, Uganda lacks a reliable electrical utility
infrastructure beyond the cities of Entebbe and Kampala, driving a need for small-‐
scale generation systems. While fossil fuel-‐based generators have a place in some
environments, they prove to be too expensive and difficult to maintain for smaller-‐
scale installations. There are quite a few situations where power generation is
required but the cost of installing, maintaining and fuelling a traditional generator
outweighs the benefit. Solar power is a solution perfectly suited for these
installations.

This document will focus on three primary use-‐cases: Youth Center computer
facilities, Primary teacher colleges and Maternity clinics in rural health centers. All
three facilities require more power than is generally available to them via
conventional means but rarely have the funding to install and upkeep fossil-‐fueled
generating systems. These facilities have been identified as having the greatest
potential impact for Unicef Uganda's Keep Children Alive and Keep Children
Learning initiatives.

I. The available and emerging technologies:

Currently available solar collector technologies can be summarised as being of two
available categories: Crystalline and Thin-‐film. Both have their advantages and are
suitable for certain installations. Crystalline modules are generally more efficient
(20%-‐28% as opposed to 7%-‐15%) and have a lower power generating threshold
than thin-‐film collectors. This means that crystalline modules will output useable
power even on overcast days whereas thin-‐film modules generally require direct
sunlight to output close to their rated capacity. An advantage of thin-‐film modules
over crystalline modules is that they are flexable and can be adapted to many
installations not suited for traditional modules or in areas where glass-‐based
modules are simply not rugged enough.

Development is underway on various forms of printed solar cells. These
technologies are generally manufactured using roll-‐to-‐roll processing which allows
for large scale rapid production at extremely low cost. Printed thin-‐films can be
integrated into building technologies allowing for relatively theft proof installations
without the additional costs associated with traditional solar installations.

The decision of what type of technology is appropriate must be made on a case by
case basis with the primary influencing factor being what technology is widely
available at the time of installation. Historically, crystalline modules have been the
most commonly imported technology in Uganda and will likely be the solution of
choice for the next 2 to 5 years. It should be noted that as production of thin-‐film
and roll-‐to-‐roll printed solar cells increases, the cost-‐per-‐Watt of this technology
should dramatically decrease. Thin-‐film and printed modules are more tolerant of
impact and resistant to damage during shipping than crystaline modules, which
should make them more widely available in the coming years. It is likely that thin-‐
film technology will become a viable replacement in the mid to long term but as it is
not currently widely available, we will focus on crystalline panels for the duration of
this document.

II. The use cases:

Youth Centers:
Many rural communities have no libraries and very little access to information. The
presence of computers with readily available reference materials and educational
programs has proven to have a significantly positive influence on children and
young adult. Not only does having information available to them encourage learning,
the ability of young people to familiarize themselves with computers will give them
a significant advantage later on in life. Another key element is the provision of
lighting to facilitate learning and safety after dark. There are very few places
accessible to youth in rural communities that have artificial lighting so school work
cannot be done after sunset which competes with (and is usually forsaken for) other
tasks such as water collection and husbandry.

Installation recommendations

1 Digital Drum unit -‐ to act as both server and client access point (Power
requirement: 60W @ 12VDC for 1440Watt hr/day at full load full runtime)
20 12W fluorescent type LED bulb (Power requirement: 240W @ 12VDC for total of
1440 Watt hr/ day at 6 hours of use per day for all lights)

This gives a preliminary requirement of ~3KW hours per day for laptops and
lighting.

6 pcs 130W solar panels
4 pcs 12VDC 225 Ah Gel deep cycle batteries
1 50 Amp charge controller
Wire, switches and circuit breakers as needed per installation and safety code
requirements
Mounting brackets and hardware as needed for solar panels

Expected solar power system costs (Preliminary cost estimate based on most recent
information): $8,000

See Appendix A for notes

Primary Teacher Colleges:
Primary Teacher Colleges (PTCs) are the starting point for Uganda's future
educators. The education students receive in their PTC will set the stage for the
education of thousands of Ugandan children. It is vital that the students following
the course for graduation from the National Teacher Colleges have the best
foundation of knowledge so they can better serve as educators to the thousands of
children that will pass through their classrooms later in life. A massive jump in the
quality of education students in PTCs receive can be realized by simply providing
access to educational materials and basic lighting for students. Most PTCs have at
least limited access to electricity during the early evening but could benefit from
reliable and self-‐sufficient power systems, this will allow PTC students to extend
their learning day well into the evening and provide unprecedented access to
information in even the most remote PTCs in Uganda.

Installation recommendations

2 Digital Drum units (1 unit per approximately 150 students) -‐ (Power requirement:
120W @ 12VDC for 2,880Watt hr/day at full load full runtime)
12 low-‐cost laptop -‐ to be used in computer lab (Power requirement: 10W @ 12VDC
/ ea. for total of 1200Watt hr/day at 10hours of use per day for all laptops)
40 12W fluorescent type LED bulb (Power requirement: 480W @ 12VDC for total of

Preliminary power requirement is ~7KW hours per day. The Digital Drums for this
installation should be fitted with mains power supplies as well as standard solar
systems to allow for reduced solar requirements.

12 pcs 130W solar panels
8 pcs 12VDC 225 Ah Gel deep cycle batteries
1 50 Amp charge controller
Wire, switches and circuit breakers as needed per installation and safety code
requirements

Expected solar power system costs (Preliminary cost estimate based on most recent
information): ~$16,000.00

See Appendix B for notes

Maternity clinic in a rural health center
In Uganda, UNICEF supported health centers consist of “type 2” and “type 3”
designations. Type 2 health centers are smaller, just above village level clinics. They
provide basic primary care, immunization, natal care and limited normal deliveries
when a midwife is available. Type 3 health centers provide the same care with the
addition of minor surgery and caesarian birth. Both facilities suffer from lack of
consistent power supply creating limited hours of available care and difficulty
during emergency procedures.

Installation recommendation

6 12W fluorescent type LED bulb (Power requirement: 72W @ 12VDC for total of ~
4 24W LED surgical lights (Power requirement: 96W @ 12VDC for total of ~ 400
Watt hr/day at 4 hours of use per day)

2 -‐ 60 Amp-‐hour SLA or Gel deep cycle battery
1 – Phocos CX10 10 A charge controller
2 – 100 Watt Solar panel
2 – LED headlamps with internal rechargeable battery or AAA rechargeable
batteries
4 – sets batteries for LED headlamps and 12VDC charging station
Wire and switches as needed per lighting and installation requirements

Expected system costs (Preliminary cost estimate based on most recent
information): ~$2,000.00

see Appendix C for notes
III. Looking forward:

These use cases outlines should serve to act as a basic template for sizing and
estimating systems. They are, however, based on a number of generalizations and
assumptions and will likely need tailoring to specific applications. Every scenario is
influenced by numerous variables that are far beyond the scope of this document
but this should serve as a starting point for estimating power solutions in rural
Uganda and will be updated with real-‐life Use cases, solutions, pricing, systems
sizing and outcomes as they become available.

Notes:
In every case, solar sizing is based on a 20% overage to allow for battery charge
states to remain over 50% thus prolonging battery lifespan. All price estimates for
Digital Drum are based on prototype costs and are likely to decrease. Solar system
cost estimates are based on competitive bid pricing form Kampala circa April 2010
and are likely to fluctuate.

Access to Information and Internet Connectivity Solutions for
Rural Areas
The maxim that knowledge is power has never been truer than it is today. In the
developed world we have a virtually unlimited amount of information available
which enables us to make much better and more informed decisions in much less
time. In the past, critical decisions would be held up or misdirected by a lack of full
information. This lack of timely communication can result in anything from poor
education to the death of those unfortunate enough to be on the wrong side of the
gap.

UNICEF is exploring how greater connectivity can facilitate not only the
dissemination of educational materials in rural Uganda but also the collection of
relevant data to allow a more streamlined logistics process. Up-‐to-‐the minute
information on vital indicators will allow UNICEF Uganda to divert medication,
supplies, and other resources to areas where they can have the most impact to those
in need. The first step in this process will be the introduction of self-‐contained solar-‐
powered "hub" systems. These will be located in areas such as Youth centers, Health
centers and PTCs. They will primarily serve the purpose of dissemination of
educational materials but will also serve web-‐based applications for logistics and
supply management that are currently being developed by Uganda’s T4D team as
well as the Innovation section in New York. The eventual aim is to have a two-‐way
communications network that covers the most under served areas in Uganda and
provides a conduit for educational, safety and health information to the
communities where they are installed.
There are three basic steps to the rollout of this type of infrastructure:
1. Remote stand-‐alone sites with limited internet connectivity
2. Linking remote site to each other via high-‐speed wireless or other available
technology to create webs of sites
3. Linking the webs to each other and the internet as a whole once funding and
connectivity options allow for greater bandwidth
The first step requires that content and applications are stored locally on devices
installed in remote communities. There are two major aspects to the initial phase of
this process, device development and deployment (hardware) and content and
interface development (software). Development of the hardware is well under way
in Uganda with projects such as the Digital Doorway, the Community Computing
system (Digital Drum), the Rachel Initiative, Inveneo and others. The Community
Computing system is now entering it’s third round of development and will be
drawing on the lessons we have learned to overcome some of the last remaining
obstacles relating to hardware deployments in rural areas.
One of the most crucial aspects of this phase of development is the cohesive
collection of relevant content and development of an intuitive and easy to use
interface to that content. This will require the active participation of all sections and
Ministries that intend to contribute to the project. Content will need to be
standardized into a format that is not only truly portable and accessible across all
available computing platforms today but also free from the encumbrances of
restrictive licensing. It is vital to the success of this phase of the project that all
content can be distributed through any available channel to drive interest and co-‐
operation from as many parties as possible.
During the initial phases of the rugged computing rollout, it is to be expected that
some if not all sites will have limited to no Internet access, the main channel for
distribution and collection of data will therefore have to rely on human-‐based data
transportation. Technicians who are trained to maintain the machines at the initial
installation sites will be responsible for the distribution and collection of data via
external drives which will than be collated and approved at the central update
server prior to being distributed to the remainder of the network on subsequent
visits.
Once stand-‐alone sites have been established in central areas, it will be possible to
link nearby areas via high-‐speed wireless internet solutions as have been
demonstrated by organizations such as BOSCO in the Acholi region (See Annex D).
This will allow many sites to share content and create communications channels
between currently separated facilities. Internally developed curriculum and content
collected from connected sites will be sharable though all connected facilities
instantaneously. Communities can be developed around common interests and
information about surrounding areas will be quickly available to linked installations.
This extending of the networks will allow schools, PTCs and Community Centers
with their own computer labs to freely access the content and communities
established around the Digital Doorway and Community Computing sites.
The final phase of this project will be the interconnecting of the phase two “webs”
and connecting the greater networks to the Internet as a whole. This phase will
require a close re-‐evaluation of the technology available and the overall cost to
maintain. It is hoped that interconnected sites would be able to share the cost
burden of Internet access thus lowering the overall cost to connect diverse sites.

Currently available technology for internet connectivity in rural Uganda:
3g / GPRS / cellular connectivity – this technology is available in almost all parts
of Uganda. Cellular connectivity is relatively inexpensive but does not have the
bandwidth to support more than 1 or 2 users in a live environment. Speeds vary
from 14kbps to 1300kbps depending on provider, infrastructure, transmission
technology and environmental factors. It is possible to allow for time-‐delayed
synchronizing of data over a cellular connection and it is being considered as a
management and maintenance channel for the initial ruggedized computing
systems. Cellular connectivity tends to be billed on a “total traffic per month basis”
where inbound and outbound bandwidth is aggregated and a set limit is imposed on
devices. As of August 2010, 3G cellular connectivity in Uganda at the rate of 3GB
transferred per month is 85,000 /= (UGX)(1)(2), EDGE/GPRS 64kbps unlimited
transfer plans are available from UTL for 220,000 /= (UGX)(3) and Zain for
200,000/= (UGX)(4).
VSAT – this technology is available at virtually any rural location. It is more
expensive than cellular connectivity but can provide much greater bandwidth. Due
to it’s high latency, VSAT connectivity is not recommended for environments where
VoIP or similar live audio / video conferencing applications will be required. Low
cost VSAT solutions tend to have a much higher download bandwidth than upload
bandwidth, this would allow for relatively fast deployment of data and content but a
relatively slow path for collection of data. Most low cost VSAT systems operate on a
bandwidth-‐sharing basis where actual available bandwidth will fluctuate based on
total number of users on a provider’s network (usually referred to as a “shared
contention ratio”). VSAT startup costs are usually fairly high in comparison to other
connectivity solutions with average equipment costs exceeding $2000.00 (USD). As
of August 2010, VSAT from Intersat Africa is available at $550 (USD) / mo. For
128kbps uplink and 384kbps downlink(5) and $350 (USD) for a 64kbps uplink
256kbps downlink(6) both at 1:16 shared contention ratio.
DSL – this technology is starting to become more available in rural locations but is
usually limited to relatively short distances from population centers (5-‐10Km from
telephone “Central Offices”). DSL can provide symmetric or asymmetric bandwidth
and is generally sold as an unlimited bandwidth product. DSL is a fairly stable
product but can be affected by mains outages and is vulnerable to outages due to
failures in the carrier telephone cabling it travels on. DSL startup costs are fairly low
but monthly costs can increase dramatically beyond 256kbps. Most low-‐cost DSL
services use a sharing contention scheme similar to VSAT, no numbers are currently
available detailing contention. Current pricing for shared bandwidth through UTL as
of August 2010(7) is: 64kbps -‐ $100 (USD)/mo. ; 128kbps -‐ $180 (USD) / mo. ;
256kbps – $310 (USD)/month. Pricing for dedicated bandwidth from UTL as of June
2010 in the Gulu area is: 512kbps symmetric ~ $350-‐$425/mo.; 768kbps ~ $575-‐
$675/mo. Both require ~$3200 (USD) startup costs in equipment and installation.
WiMax – WiMax is a relatively new wireless technology that operates on line-‐of-‐site
at high speed and non-‐line-‐of-‐site at lower speeds. Pricing of WiMax is generally
similar to DSL but front-‐end equipment costs can be considerably higher. WiMax is a
fairly stable technology but is susceptible to radio and environmental interference.
It is expected that WiMax will likely supplant DSL as a more rural connectivity
option due to lower deployment costs for the provider. Pricing for Wimax solutions
is not currently available but will be appended upon receipt.

Notes regarding connectivity solutions:
Any of these connectivity solutions may be extended via 802.11 wireless over 100s
of Kilometers to join more installations. The major benefit of this option is overall
higher bandwidth and lower expense for connected facilities. When sharing a single
point of connectivity between multiple sites, it should be expected that at times
there will be contention for bandwidth. QOS, conservative firewall rules at gateways,
liberal gateway proxy caching and vigilant network administration are all methods
that can be used to counter this effect.
Pricing:
1. http://orange.ug/mobile-plans/internet-everywhere.php
2. http://mtn.co.ug/MTN-Internet/MTN-Mobile-Internet.aspx
3. http://utl.co.ug/utl.php?i=124
4. http://www.ug.zain.com/opco/af/core/home/channel.do;jsessionid=3
9EB09F5FE7D0B242DC16D0A0E38F1DE.node14?channelId=-
10682&selectedChannels=-10556,-10682#&lang=en
5. http://www.intersatafrica.com/index-‐products3.html
6. http://www.intersatafrica.com/index-‐products2.html
7. http://utl.co.ug/utl.php?i=9

Appendix A (Youth Center Solar Power Use Case)
The lighting specified for this use case should be sufficient to provide illumination to
read for a single 100 square meter space. It is expected that the Digital Drum should
operate continuously in this environment and be reachable at all times via network
access but only physically accessible during the normal operating hours of the Youth
Center.
Recommendations are based on the following conditions:
The youth center has no existing mains power

The public space will be lit for a maximum of 6 hours per day and is 100 square
meters

Appendix B (PTC Solar Power Use Case)
40 lights should be enough to provide sufficient illumination to read for 200 square
meters of space, if this space is divided into multiple areas, the overall illumination
will decrease. I am operating on the assumption that it is safe to divide the 200
square meters into two spaces before more supplemental lighting will need to be
provided but this should be tested in actual use cases before it is committed to. The
solar system specified in this use case is not intended to provide power for the PTC
in the absence of available mains power, it is merely intended to supplement
unreliable mains supplies for lighting and the overall accessibility of mains power is
a necessity for this system to function correctly.

PTC has limited access to mains power for at least 3 hours per day
PTC has a lockable room that can be dedicated to act as a computer lab and someone
will be monitoring the lab when access is allowed
PTC has a student population of approximately 300 who all live on-‐site in dorms
PTC has requirements for lighting in public spaces such as libraries, classrooms and
dorms

Appendix C (Health Center Solar Power Use Case)
Health Center has no mains power
Health Center has a secure area where batteries and charge controller and
headlamp battery chargers can be installed
Health Center has a secure location for headlamps to be stored when not in use

Annex D: BOSCO bandwidth distribution model

BOSCO is an NGO that has been operating a rural wireless network in the Acholi
region of Uganda for the past four years based around the concept of sharing a
single connection to the internet with a number of disparate sites linked by low-‐
power wireless networks. Over the course of the past year, the number of users
being served by BOSCO’s network has more than doubled from 485 to the current of
approximately 960 (with total number of users doubling in the last year. Over the
same period of time, BOSCO’s internet egress has only increased from 256kbps to
512kbps. While the overall results of BOSCO’s network have been overwhelmingly
positive, the capacity of the network has been overshadowed by its users’ demands.
BOSCO estimates that to supply their current user load they will need to increase
egress bandwidth to 1Mbps.

The pricing model of Uganda’s DSL providers favors the low-‐end and shared line
user. In an effort to maximize return from their fixed operating costs, UTL resells
their available bandwidth many times over and offers it to consumers as a ‘shared
line’ DSL connection with a maximum bandwidth of 512kbps. These connections are
considerably less expensive than a DSL connection that has a fixed, dedicated
bandwidth and a majority of the time the end user is unaware or unaffected by the
nature of sharing overall bandwidth. Once the number of users on a connection
increases beyond a certain point, the shared connection can no longer support the
demands and the connection must be upgraded to a “dedicated bandwidth” line,
which can be provisioned for up to 1.5Mbps.

Throughout it’s history, BOSCO has distributed the cost of internet connectivity to
it’s 25 installed sites. The pricing difference between dedicated lines and shared
lines creates a gap in the ability of the users on a BOSCO style network to pay for the
connection. Currently BOSCO pays approximately $300 USD/mo. for internet
access, increasing available bandwidth to 1Mbps will increase monthly cost to
~$800 USD. This presents a financial dilemma for the hosting organization.
Traditionally this bourdon would be solved by increasing the monthly contributions
of the users. Some of the organizations that BOSCO provides bandwidth to cannot
afford the added expense and would likely drop out of the program altogether if
presented with this increase, thus increasing the financial load on BOSCO and it’s
networks users.

Subsidy of internet access until the network is extended to the point that the overall
cost to users is the same as it’s current rate of approximately $0.32USD / user would
require about 2500 users to distribute the financial load and would quickly create
the same disparity. An alternative solution would be to install additional egress
points and provide distributed access for the network depending on overall
bandwidth availability at egress points. This combined with aggressive caching and
distributed cache storage on the network would allow for slow growth of the
network without undue economic constraints on it’s users.
Internet
Cellular connectivity
VSAT
802.11
Wireless link
Gateway Site
Youth Center
PTC
Health Center
Community Center
Traditional distribution model has one egress point and distributes

to all sites along a relatively linear path
Internet
Cellular connectivity
Internet
Gateway Site
VSAT with load balancing
and caching proxy
802.11
Wireless link
Gateway Site
with load balancing
and caching proxy
Youth Center
Community Center PTC
Health Center
Distributed connectivity allows for load balancing across connections as well as maintaining
a cache of requests to accelerate browsing at all egress points
Update Server
Content is delivered via

external drive from
Update Server to remote
sites during routine maintenance
Youth Center
School
Content propagates to additional

machines over 802.11 links 802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
802.11
Wireless link
Health Center
Community Center
Technician-based data distribution for installations with no internet connectivity

Update Server
Content is collected via external drive

from remote sites and delivered to
Content Server during routine maintenance
Youth Center
School
Content propagates from additional

machines over 802.11 links 802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
Health Center
802.11
Wireless link
Community Center
Users generate content at remote sites
Technician-based data collection for installations with no internet connectivity

External contributor
Update Server
Internet
Cellular Modem
VSAT
Main (Gateway) Drum installation

Stores locally available content and
serves to connected facilities
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
802.11
Wireless link
Health Center
Community Center
When Internet connectivity is provided,data collection

and distribution are handled automatically
20 week drum production timeline
SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY
week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week 6 week 7 week 8 week 9 week 10 week 12 week 13 week 14 week 15 week 16 week 17 week 18 week 19 week 20
define weeknesses in
define weeknesses in current current design and
Drum hardware design and engineer solutions engineer solutions for
development for next iteration build and document limited number of prototypes (4-5 units) deploy and field testlimited deployment (4-5 units) next iteration Build and document large scale deployment (25-50 units)
Note: This timeline is dependant on all materials and equipment being available
at the start of production cycle (week2 and week 16). Any delays in
procurement or delivery of components will cause a similar delay in production.
General configuration of second revision Digital Drum prototype
Electrical and network system block diagram
Batteries Charge Controller Solar Panels
12V DC Power
Voltage and Amperage sensors
USB or Serial Communication Microcontroller Relay controls
Backhaul wireless Switched Power

5Ghz 802.11a
100 Mbps Ethernet
Gateway Computer with

cellular modem
Secondary Computer Relays
100 Mbps Ethernet

!00 Mbps Ethernet switch
Local wireless
2.4Ghz 802.11b/g
2 USB connectors
for handset charging
Power control and sensor schematic for Digital Drum
+12V
1K VR 8.2K
Hall Effect v+
- LM324 Arduino analog in
Sensor
+
v- Arduino GND
100K Pot
Sensor Schematic for battery voltage monitoring and load current monitoring
Voltage
spike
protection
Load
Driver
circuit
Arduino Digital I/O
Arduino ground
Grayhill 70-ODC5
Relay schematic for controlling loads

Basic Solar powered "Digital Drum" installation with local and long-distance wireless
links, fully self-contained power
Rugged community computer (as we are focusing on the components, I will not
estimate the cost of the shell of this unit)
2 pcs OIT LITE vandal-resistant keyboards with P.O.M. keys & integrated touchpad (1)
2 pcs WinMate R15I93S-OFA2 Panel PC - (2)
1 pc GSM/GPRS/HSDPA cellular modem (usb with external antenna) Such as ZadaCOM
3G+ 7.2 (3)
1 pcs B&B Electronics EIR205 5 port ethernet switch (4) or Garrettcom S14H-12VDC
Ethernet switch (5)
1 pc Arduino Duemilanove microcontroller (6)
1 pc Arduino Ethernet shield (7)
2 pcs Bulgin PX0839/IDC IP68 Ethernet connectors (8)
2 pcs Bulgin PX0845/A IP68 USB connectors (9)
4 pcs Bulgin PX0713 Caps for IP68 connectors (10)
Wireless equipment
1 pc Ubiquiti Bullet 2HP (11)

1 pc 7 dbi omni directional antenna w/ Female N connector (12)
1 pc Ubiquiti Bullet M5 (13)
1 pc 29dbi parabolic antenna w/ female N connector (14)
Solar system
Phocos CX20 Charge controller (15)

3 pcs ~125 W solar modules (or equivalent 350W+) (16)
4 pcs 31.6Ah 12V Gel (maintenance-free) deep cycle batteries (Deka 8GU1-DEKA or
equivalent 125Ah+) (17)
Misc components
4 pcs 30V 3A schottky diodes - ST Microelectronics 1N5821 or similar (18)

20 meters 24 gauge solid copper cat5e or cat6 (19)
20 meters 10 gauge (3.25mm - 3.5mm) two conductor copper power leads for solar
system (20)
32 Amp 2 pole 12-24VDC DIN rail-mount circuit breaker - CHINT NB1-B32-2P or

equivalent (21)
5 pcs MAX232 (22)
1 pc Arduino Screw Shield (23)
1 meter DIN rail (35mm standard height) (24)
4 Pcs 3-60VDC 3.5A solid state relay - Grayhill 70-ODC5 or equivilent (25)
(1) http://www.oitkeypad.com/pdf/QVPPlastickeyfront.pdf
(2) http://www.winmate.com.tw/PanelPc/
PPcSpec.asp?Prod=03_0581&Typeid=B0108010901&Typeid=B0108010901
(3) http://shop.zadako.com/hsdpa_3g_modemy/usb/zadacom_3g_plus_7.2.html
(4) http://www.bb-elec.com/
product_multi_family.asp?MultiFamilyId=68&TrailType=Sub&Trail=4
(5) http://www.garrettcom.com/s14.htm
(6) http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardDuemilanove
(7) http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=9026
(8) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer_Ethernet.html
(9) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer_USB.html
(10) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer.html
(11) http://ubnt.com/bullet
(12) http://lairdtech.thomasnet.com/item/ice-provider-wisp-base-station-and-client-
antennas/omnidirectional-antennas/od24-9?&seo=110
(13) http://ubnt.com/bulletm
(14) http://www.mtiwe.com/uploads/product/485.pdf
(15) http://www.phocos.com/datasheet_sm_cx.html
(16) http://www.bp.com/
sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9019638&contentId=7036951
(17) http://www.eastpenn-deka.com/default.aspx?pageid=443
(18) http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/STMicroelectronics/1N5821/
?qs=sGAEpiMZZMutXGli8Ay4kOnWbBYZueaHA8JfCq5pWm4%3d
(19) locally sourced
(20) locally sourced
(21) http://www.bb-elec.com/bb-elec/literature/NB1-63_CircuitBreakers.pdf
(22) need to speak to J-M about exact part numbers for this
(23) http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=9282
(24) http://www.bb-elec.com/bb-elec/literature/ers35.pdf
(25) http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&name=GH7019-ND
Costs:
1. $200/ea - $400
2. $1,150/ea - $2,300 (includes $800/ea base price and $350/ea shipping to
Uganda)
3. $215
4. $89
5. $100
6. $45
7. $50
8. $20/ea - $40
9. $10/ea - $20
10. $6/ea - $24
11. $80
12. $60
13. $80
14. $80
15. $100
16. $650/ea - $1950
17. $100/ea - $400
18. $0.50/ea - $2
19. $
20. $
21. $15
22. $
23. $15
24. $10
25. $10/ea - $40
Other Potential Keyboard vendors:
Key Tek K-TEK-B420TP http://www.key-tek.cn/en/productsview.asp?id=174
iKey PMU-5K-TP2 http://www.ikey.com/ProductsList/
index.aspx?productID=45&menu=1&prodListID=2&

Access To Information For Youth and Their Communities in Uganda Final

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Access To Information For Youth and Their Communities in Uganda Final

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Access to Information

Digital Drum Reconstruction/ Information Access

• Locate suppliers of routinely used parts in Kampala

III. Looking forward:

The youth center has no existing mains power

Recommendations are based on the following conditions:

Traditional distribution model has one egress point and distributes

Community Center PTC

Content is delivered via

Content propagates to additional

Technician-based data distribution for installations with no internet connectivity

Content is collected via external drive

Content propagates from additional

Users generate content at remote sites

Technician-based data collection for installations with no internet connectivity

Main (Gateway) Drum installation

When Internet connectivity is provided,data collection

Batteries Charge Controller Solar Panels

Voltage and Amperage sensors

USB or Serial Communication Microcontroller Relay controls

Backhaul wireless Switched Power

100 Mbps Ethernet

Gateway Computer with

Secondary Computer Relays

100 Mbps Ethernet

Arduino Digital I/O

Relay schematic for controlling loads

1 pc Ubiquiti Bullet 2HP (11)

Phocos CX20 Charge controller (15)

4 pcs 30V 3A schottky diodes - ST Microelectronics 1N5821 or similar (18)

32 Amp 2 pole 12-24VDC DIN rail-mount circuit breaker - CHINT NB1-B32-2P or

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