BOOK 1

ARDES 07: PROPOSED CLINICAL SIMULATION CENTER

AlabangZapote Road, Almanza Uno, Las Pinas, 1740 Metro Manila

Presented to the:
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS
ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Presented by:
GANGAWAN, LEO O.
VARANAL, JHOEMEL S.

Presented to:
AR. AMELIA L. BAUTISTA

S.Y. 2017-2018
CHAPTER 1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

INTRODUCTION
It is now universally recognized that appropriate and timely management of
critical events or situations is the core of clinical competence. This depends upon
an integrated and cohesive team of healthcare providers (HCPs) with a
commonality of appropriate orientation towards the event. Towards this end, a
paradigm shift in the methodology of all levels of medical training has occurred.
Stress is now laid on repeated protocol based
training practice of the appropriate management of a clinical situation. This aims at
reducing the margin of error for unexpected emergencies especially those at
unfamiliar locations (e.g. battlefield, high-way, or hospital emergency room).
For this type of training, patients on whom accepted educational principles
can be demonstrated and medical concepts effectively illustrated are required.
However, such patients may not always be available. Also, certain clinical situations
do not warrant delay in management while teaching is going on.

SIMULATION
Simulation refers to the artificial (and almost always simplified)
representation of a complex real-world process with sufficient fidelity to achieve a
particular goal, such as in training or performance testing. The aim is to facilitate
learning through immersion (immersed into the clinical scenario), reflection,
feedback, and practice minus the risks inherent in a similar
real-life experience.
Fidelity is the common industry term used in simulation to describe the
degree of realism and technical complexity of models. This is dictated by the needs
of the application; more complex is the task, more is the fidelity of the model.
REASONS FOR INCORPORATING SIMULATION AT ALL LEVELS OF
MEDICAL TEACHING
Changing profiles of hospital patients and societal expectations have led to
increasing medical accountability
with minimal margin for medical
errors. Medical accidents also follow
the Heinrichs Model of Accidents.
Heinrich original statistics of
accidents was one major injury being
preceded by 29 minor injuries and
300 no-injury accidents (300:29:1).
To reduce accidents, safety measures
should be instituted well in advance
to prevent the occurrence of both
minor injuries and no-injury accidents. For medical errors, the generally quoted
Heinrichs ratio (Figure 1) is 600:30:10:1, i.e. for every 600 non-reportable incidents
there are 30 reportable incidents, 10 accidents, and one fatal accident. The first
two are clubbed together as medical incidents, the reduction of which would
translate into a reduction in accidents.7 Flaws in an organisation cause accidents
and incidents, represented best by the Swiss-cheese model of accident causation.
Incomplete holes in the slices of the Swiss cheese manifest as incidents. Accidents
occur when all the holes come in a straight line. Larger the holes, more the critical
incidents (Figure 2).10 In the medical analogue, the role of junior doctors and/or
those senior doctors not exposed to periodic updates is equivalent to large holes
with resultant increase in critical incidents.
Simulated learning technologies are here to stay and we have an obligation to use
them optimally in supporting health professional students in meeting the needs of
the health care workforce.

SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS

Simulation includes a wide variety of educational techniques that are used
throughout health education and training.
The application of simulation based education varies considerably between
professions and educational institutions.
Simulation is currently most often used in student education to:
Support learning of commonly performed skills and procedures
Manage acutely ill (and deteriorating) patients
Orientate students to practices on clinical placements and for entry to
registered practice
Assess skills
WHY USE SIMULATION IN STUDENT EDUCATION

There are many reasons to use simulation in student education including

ethical imperatives, the potential to help address training system capacity
issues and changes in the health system.
Simulation leads to clinical skills acquisition and retention when ongoing
practice is offered and these skills are able to be transferred to clinical
settings. There is moderate evidence which shows simulation can lead to
learning faster when compared with other methods and that it is effective
when used in conjunction with other methods.
There is moderate evidence that patient safety, knowledge, attitudes and
skills are improved or enhanced by a range of simulation modalities when
integrated in curricula for medicine, nursing, pharmacy and dentistry

WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO US SIMULATION IN STUDENT EDUCATION

AND TRAINING
Simulation in student education should be used to:
address core graduate outcomes
support the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) standards
There are several factors that those involved in student education should
consider including:
o the best environment for simulation based education
o the most suitable modalities, tools and resources
o program design
o organizational considerations

TYPES OF SIMULATION
standardized patients and teaching associates
human patient simulation
virtual reality
task trainers
computerized simulation
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
As with any other educational initiative, learning objectives are of paramount
importance in simulation and debriefing. Without learning objectives, simulations
themselves and the subsequent debriefs are aimless, disorganized, and often
dysfunctional. Most debriefing models explicitly make mention of stating learning
objectives
The exploration of learning objectives ought to answer at least two
questions: What competencies knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes are to be
learned, and what specifically should be learned about them? The method of
debriefing chosen should align with learning objectives through evaluation of three
points: performance domain cognitive, technical, or behavioural; evidence for
rationale yes/no; and estimated length of time to address short, moderate, or
long

Environment
The debriefing environment consists of two main features: the physical
setting, as well as the psychological environment.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
When choosing a space in which to debrief, one must consider whether the
scenario which unfolded was a complex case. Complex cases usually involve
heightened emotions, interdependent processes, and require more time spent
debriefing. As such, it is recommended that these types of debriefings occur in a
separate room from where the simulation scenario took place. This allows for a
release of tension as participants move from one place to another and encounter
new surroundings

Establishing psychological safety and a safe learning environment is of

utmost importance within both the simulation and the debriefing period. As
simulation participants often find the experience stressful and intimidating,
worried about judgment from their peers and facilitator(s), establishing safety must
be done from the outset of the simulation event

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The government through Department of Health aims to improved health
care facilities and provide a world-class quality and reliable health care services to
its countrymen. They decided to establish a joint venture agreement with certain
health care corporation to pursue the objectives by providing a facility that would
train medical practitioners like doctors, nurses, and medical technicians to utilize
high technology medical equipment using Robotic Manikins as temporary patient.

The said project requires a minimum lot area of 13,000.00 square meters and
planners should help the stakeholders to conduct Site Selection. Hence, they will
choose sites that will accommodate the basic requirements of the health care
facility while giving considerations to its vicinity.

Different group of designers are required to develop a unique/distinct

character of Architectural design that possesses the World-Class concept.

Designer should also provide research for the possible advance Construction
Methods to be applied for the project during its execution.

On the other hand, for greater market acceptance, the minimum parking
requirements for the Project under the 2004 Revised Implementing Rules and
Regulations ( R-IRR ) of the National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP,
otherwise known as PD1096 of 1977), should be exceeded.

Far above all these, the proposed health care facility must consider the
Ecological balance in Design stage up to its operation.
1.3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
GOALS
To re-enliven the selected site with the desired function of a simulation
center that utilizes most of the available resources, and integrate a suitable design
which would satisfy all required conditions and act accordingly its dedicated role.

OBJECTIVES
a. To design a world-class health care facility that would cater the needs of
medical practitioners to upgrade their potential in providing qualitative,
efficient and reliable health care services using high technology medical
equipment;
b. A building envelope that will harmonize with its environment while
establishing an Image of its own identity;
c. To design a building that will abide to the Design Guidelines , policies and
standards of Department of Health with specific International Standards.
d. To take advantage of its topography in emphasizing the hierarchy of land
uses by placing the symbolic functions at a visual high point.
e. To strategically place all structures and amenities that achieves harmony and
unity and without disturbing each others character
f. To maximize flexibility so that the three major buildings can be modified or
expanded in the future.
g. To implement design that conveniently relays its architectural character to
the public

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research study shall serve as a supporting document for the proposed
clinical simulation center. This research study will contain all relevant information
that may be deemed as an important documentation. The research can be a layout
or guideline for planning out the proposed project.
 A useful study would also be provided to ensure that the given 3.2 hectares
shall be put to use of its maximum potential and shall accommodate the basic
requirement of the health care facility while bieng able to give consideration to the
vicinity.

This study shall also include provisional information to achieve the clients
desired design and for the desired architectural character to be achieved.

Additionally, this study will also provide supporting information for the
structural conceptualization that is supposed to be advance construction methods

And lastly, this document shall provide the necessary information that will
be necessary when designing the proposed project accordingly to the P.D. 1096 or
the National Building Code of the Philippines and the BP 344 which is the
accessibility law.

1.5 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study shall serve for the use of the clients, the designer, and the involved party
such as the contractor and workers. Every people involved would be granted a
specific authority to view this article.

Also, this study will cover everything involved in simulation clinical center
including how a simulation center works, what is the tools, equipments and
facilities needed for the project, and especially every construction related
discussion that should be provided for the project specifically, the architecture
researches and structural researches.

Finally this research study shall include all conditions of the site where the
proposed project shall be built upon.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

2.1 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA MEDICAL

SIMULATION CENTER

2.1.1 DESCRIPTION
The University of Virginia Medical Simulation Center is a state-of-the art
multidisciplinary training and research facility. As a cornerstone of The Universitys
technologically enhanced learner-centered approach to medical education, the
center complements traditional teaching modes with the application of knowledge
and skills through experiential learning for the UME, GME, and community
populations.

The Medical Simulation Center continues the University of Virginia School of

Medicines long tradition of excellence in serving as a national model for an
atmosphere that fosters collaborative efforts in education, research and
innovation. Our patients are the ultimate benefactors from the innovative training
and research initiatives employed at the Medical Simulation Center.
2.1.2 FACILITIES
The Clinical Performance Education Center (CPEC) is a cornerstone of UVAs
innovative model of medical education. Housing the Medical Simulation Center
and the Clinical Skills Center, CPEC offers students myriad opportunities to practice
and demonstrate competency in cognitive and psychomotor skills in simulated
clinical settings. Simulation, whether it involves the use of standardized patients
or high-fidelity simulation modalities, has emerged as an essential component of
all levels of medical education and assessment. Bringing both simulation-based
programs together in the CPEC underscores their common goal of enhancing
clinical performance outcomes through student-centered learning exercises.
The Clinical Skills Center provides an education and assessment resource that
gives medical students opportunities to practice and receive feedback from
standardized patients regarding patient interviewing, physical examinations, and
issues of professionalism. The Clinical Skills Center is an 11,000 ft2. facility located
in the basement of the Claude Moore Medical Education Building and offers 18
outpatient exam rooms and two inpatient hospital rooms as well as numerous
conference rooms and standardized patient training areas.

The Medical Simulation Center offers clinical training with an array of

simulation modalities in an interactive learning environment. It is also involved in
research initiatives focused on the
advancement of simulation technology
and education. Opened in 2010, the
new Medical Simulation Center is an
11,000 ft2. state-of-the-art facility
occupying the entire ground floor of the
Claude Moore Medical Education
Building. The Center houses four large
simulation bays, each with a control
room, six spacious procedure rooms,
decontamination bay, dedicated ambulance entrance as well as spacious
conference rooms, workrooms for teaching faculty, and offices housing the
Simulation Team.

The AV capabilities of the entire 22,000 ft2 CPEC facility are managed by
Learning Space, a web-based AV management system from CAE Healthcare. The
simulation bays each have five cameras and all other teaching spaces have a
minimum of two cameras. This allows for live viewing, recording, and playback
ability in all spaces and is core to our teaching activities as well as the ongoing
educational quality assurance of all teaching in the Center.
SIMULATION BAY
The core of the Center is comprised of four spacious simulation bays
designed to look and feel like the patient care areas in the following clinical
environments: Operating Room, Emergency Department, Intensive Care Unit, and
Labor & Delivery. Every effort is made in the Medical Simulation Center to replicate
the clinical environment encountered by the learner. Therefore, standard clinical
equipment, monitors, and supplies are available to the learner in all simulation
bays. To expand the flexibility of the space and allow for austere medicine
scenarios, custom scene curtains were designed to transform a simulation bay into
an urban scene on the Charlottesville Downtown Mall or a wilderness setting in the
Shenandoah National Park. Each simulation bay is separated from its dedicated
Control Room by a one-way mirror.

OPERATING ROOM INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

EMERGENCY ROOM LABOR AND DELIVERY

DOWNTOWN WILDERNESS
PROCEDURE ROOM
The Center also houses six procedure rooms for procedural skills teaching, scenario
live viewing, as well as case scenario pre- and debriefing sessions.

AMBULANCE ENTRANCE AND DECONTAMINATION BAY

A dedicated ambulance entrance and decontamination bay are also unique
features of the Medical Simulation Center.
2.1.3 EQUIPMENT

The Medical Simulation Center employs the use of a vast array of simulation
modalities in an interactive learning environment for inter-disciplinary, multi-
specialty clinical training, academic initiatives, and research projects. The Center
houses an extensive investment of simulation technologies and related clinical
capital equipment.

The ten mid-to high fidelity manikin-based patient simulators include six
adults, a child, infant, neonate, and a birthing simulator. Multiple types of virtual
reality devices are used to teach procedures such as endoscopy, bronchoscopy,
robotic surgery, and various ultrasound techniques (TEE, TEE, & FAST). Various task
trainers are also utilized for procedure and clinical skills workshops, as they are an
invaluable tool in teaching the anatomic landmarks and psychomotor aspects of
procedures. Computer-based simulation tools and flat screen programs are also
commonly employed as part of various teaching activities in the Center.

Every effort is made in the Medical Simulation Center to replicate the clinical
environment encountered by the learner. Therefore, standard clinical equipment,
monitors, and tools are utilized in training exercises and procedural workshops.
PATIENT SIMULATORS

ADULT PEDIATRIC
ADULT INFANT

BIRTHING NEONATAL
Virtual Reality Devices

ENDOSCOPY ULTRASOUND

ROBOTIC SURGERY

Task Trainers
Despite the continuous technological advancements made in the field of medical
simulation, low-tech task trainers remain at the very core of clinical skills and
procedure instruction. Task trainers are fundamental in the teaching of anatomic
landmarks and the ability of the learner to acquire, develop, and maintain the
motor skills associated with a particular procedure.
VASCULAR ACCESS AIRWAY MANAGEMENT

BASIC LIFE SUPPORT ASSORTED CLINICAL SKILLS

2.2 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA MEDICAL
SIMULATION CENTER

2.2.1 DESCRIPTION
The main goal of the Simulation Center is to improve safety within patient
care. Current and future health care professionals practice on plastic honing
their skills, refining advanced techniques and learning valuable social interactive
tools for delivering important news to patients. This translational research
becomes vital for creating the gold-standard in patient safety and medical teaching.

A partnership between the School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins

Hospital gave birth to the Simulation Center, which highlights the commitment of
both institutions to providing cutting-edge technology in the field of health care.

2.2.2 FACILITIES
Our state-of-the-art facilities are located on the top floor of the Johns Hopkins
Outpatient Center. Opened in 2008, these facilities feature:

Simulation Center features a large, open gallery area

 50-person conference room
Operating Room simulation room with one-way mirror and video monitoring
Two Intensive Care Unit simulation rooms with one-way mirrors and video
monitoring
Twelve exam rooms for Standardized patient exams
Video and monitoring capabilities
Training Program

The Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center offers several different

training programs to meet your specific training needs.

In our manikin-based training, students practice on plastic with life-like

manikins that simulate heart tones and other vital cues when connected to
monitors, providing real-time information to students.

In our Standardized Patient (SP) Program, individuals trained to portray the

roles of patients, family members or others allow students to practice physical
exam skills, history taking skills, communication skills and other exercises

Our teaching associate programs including the Genitourinary Teaching

Associate Program (GTA) and the Physical Exam Teaching Associate Program
(PETA), are geared toward training health care learners and professionals in the
areas of physical exam skills.

Manikin Based Simulation

Manikin-based simulations use high fidelity simulators, manikins that
breathe, with breath sounds, heart tones, and
palpable pulses. In addition, the manikin has a
monitor that can display EKG, pulse oximeter,
blood pressure, arterial wave forms,
pulmonary artery wave forms, anesthetic
gases, etc. Procedures can be performed on
the simulators such as bag-mask ventilation,
intubation, defibrillation, chest tube
placement, cricothyrotomy and others.

Using manikins in clinical simulations allows future and current physicians to

practice on plastic first. The reality of manikin-based simulations allows for virtual
feedback using computers that regulate the manikin's compressors, mimicking
pulses and chest raising. These life-like manikins simulate heart tones and other
vital cues that when connected to monitors, provides real-time information to
students. By practicing true clinical skills in a safe and regulated environment,
future physicians learn permanent and excellent evaluation and treatment
techniques.

Teaching Programs (GTA and PETA)

Better communication skills are developed by medical students and professionals
by simulating common human interactions that take place every day. How a
medical professional conducts an exam is vital to this training, both from a clinical
and communication perspective.
Two teaching programs geared toward training medical professionals in the areas
of physical exam skills are provided at the Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation
Center.
These programs include:
1. The Physical Exam Teaching Associates (PETA) act as:
individuals trained to teach the techniques of basic physical
examination (abdominal, neurology, cardiovascular and pulmonary)
patient models, providing students the chance to practice exam
techniques, giving feedback from the patients perspective
2. The Genitourinary Teaching Associates (GTA or GUTA) are individuals:
who are trained to teach techniques and protocol for performing the gender-
specific physical examination to healthcare trainees, using him or herself as a
demonstration and practice model
Standardized Patient Program

Standardized patient simulation involves the use of individuals trained to

portray the roles of patients, family members or others to allow students to
practice physical exam skills, history taking skills, communication skills and other
exercises.

Experiential Learning

A Standardized Patient (SP) is a person carefully recruited and trained to take

on the characteristics of a real patient thereby affording the student an opportunity
to learn and to be evaluated on learned skills in a simulated clinical environment.

During an interaction with a student the SP may:

present case history in response to questioning by the student

undergo a limited physical examination at the student's direction
assist students in developing their communication and clinical skills
assist students in working through difficult emotional situations in a safe
environment
Resuscitation

At the Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center, we are pleased to

announce our intention to capitalize on this innovative facility to develop a Center
of Excellence in resuscitation science. The Center of Excellence will use simulation
as an integral step in optimizing the translation of resuscitation science from
research laboratories to patients bedside.

HOPE Center (Hopkins Outreach for Pediatric Education)

The mission of Hopkins Outreach for Pediatric Education is to improve the care of
severely ill and injured children in Maryland by:

Providing quality education to health care providers caring for children in a

variety of settings
 Emphasizing preventive aspects of health care in order to optimize outcomes
in ill and injured children
Serving as a forum for long-range development of educational initiatives for
all child health care providers
Collaborating with community resources for design, implementation and
evaluation of pediatric continuing education programs
SCOPE OF SIMULATION MODALITIES
Simulation is the imitation or representation of one act or system by another. Healthcare
simulations can be said to have four main purposes - education, assessment, research and
health system integration in facilitating patient safety.
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 METHODS OF RESEARCH
3.1 PRIMARY DATA
The research study includes a survey study from a certain number of people
that is a part of medical field under surgical and related department.
Five questions were provided to be fill up by the subject which is:
As a person in a medicinal field, do you approve of a medical simulation
center to be built on the philippines?
As a student in a medicinal field, will you admit to a medicinal simulation
school after graduation?
Do you think the building of a medical simulation school will be proven to be
useful in the medical field?
Do you think building a Medical simulation facility would actually improve
the performance of medical care?
Would you prefer to have a medical simulation field in a big scale or a small
scale?

Below is the complete chart of the result by the said survey study.
Provisional data for the selected site to occupy:
LOT 1 ALMANZA UNO, LAS PIAS

Site Bearing and measurements

The site has an area of 4.5 hectares with the following dimensions: (pt. a)
145.22m E 35.92 N, (pt. b) 113.46m E 56.51 N, (pt.c) 182.55m N 42.22 W, (pt.d)
65.62m W 38.9 S, (pt.e) 53.41m W 28.72 S, (pt.f) 39.86m S 23.71 E, (pt.g) 23.71m
W 41.81 S

Site Capacity

Having a whole span of 2.7 hectares available to be designed, the site has a
pretty good flexibility to place any infrastructure or any kinds of
facilities/amenities within the given lot. The available space can also provide a
certain range of flexibility to show the architectural character

Utilities
 The lot is located within mixed use zoning and utilities like Electricity,
Water, Sewage are given priorities to be suitable for such a high density place for
various use buildings and other structures to be built within the zone.

Accessibility

Being a corner-through lot, the lot is surrounded by 1 major road and

another road, with both road being a 12 m wide rrow

Amenities

The most nearby transportation terminal is only 200m away which is very
favorable for the site and a church can also be found just next to another block
which is 140m away from the site. A school of San Beda can also be found within
500m away.

Site Hazard

The site is located along a mixed use zoning which is pretty busy for having
a commercial integrated buildings.

Safety and Security

The site lack in security as the nearest police station that serves a city is
more than 1.5km away which is a 30 mins car travel towards the site in a normal
pace.

Adjacent buildings

Adjacent buildings that can be found are the bank just beside, the gas
station and the pharmacy across the site.
Noise Pollution

The most concerning thing regarding noise hazard is the road noises
especially that the road is a busy lane due to being near a mixed use site

Topography

The lot is a wide plain which makes the site easy to design.

Aesthetic factor

A good vista of greeneries is available at the rear of the site and a

panoramic view of a cityscape at the front.

Demography

The total lot area of the land is big enough giving a wide range of flexibility
to develop further in case of insufficient initial accommodation expectation

Traffic

Traffic can be heavy at times as this is a busy location due to being a mixed
use zoning
3.2 SECONDARY DATA
CHAPTER 4
SITE SELECTION, DATAS, & ANALYSIS

4.1 SITE VISIT

Our site selection are images taken from google streets. This images may not be
up to date or accurate.

Las Pias
Taytay, Rizal

Cavite
4.2 SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS

LOT 1 ALMANZA UNO, LAS PIAS

Site Bearing and measurements

The site has an area of 4.5 hectares with the following dimensions: (pt. a)
145.22m E 35.92 N, (pt. b) 113.46m E 56.51 N, (pt.c) 182.55m N 42.22 W, (pt.d)
65.62m W 38.9 S, (pt.e) 53.41m W 28.72 S, (pt.f) 39.86m S 23.71 E, (pt.g) 23.71m
W 41.81 S

Site Capacity

Having a whole span of 2.7 hectares available to be designed, the site has a
pretty good flexibility to place any infrastructure or any kinds of
facilities/amenities within the given lot. The available space can also provide a
certain range of flexibility to show the architectural character
Utilities

The lot is located within mixed use zoning and utilities like Electricity,
Water, Sewage are given priorities to be suitable for such a high density place for
various use buildings and other structures to be built within the zone.

Accessibility

Being a corner-through lot, the lot is surrounded by 1 major road and

another road, with both road being a 12 m wide rrow

Amenities

The most nearby transportation terminal is only 200m away which is very
favorable for the site and a church can also be found just next to another block
which is 140m away from the site. A school of San Beda can also be found within
500m away.

Site Hazard

The site is located along a mixed use zoning which is pretty busy for having
a commercial integrated buildings.

Safety and Security

The site lack in security as the nearest police station that serves a city is
more than 1.5km away which is a 30 mins car travel towards the site in a normal
pace.

Adjacent buildings

Adjacent buildings that can be found are the bank just beside, the gas
station and the pharmacy across the site.
Noise Pollution

The most concerning thing regarding noise hazard is the road noises
especially that the road is a busy lane due to being near a mixed use site

Topography

The lot is a wide plain which makes the site easy to design.

Aesthetic factor

A good vista of greeneries is available at the rear of the site and a

panoramic view of a cityscape at the front.

Demography

The total lot area of the land is big enough giving a wide range of flexibility
to develop further in case of insufficient initial accommodation expectation

Traffic

Traffic can be heavy at times as this is a busy location due to being a mixed
use zoning
Lot 1 Almanza Uno, Las Pias

Site Criteria Score ( 5 is the highest )

Site Capacity capability of the site to

accommodate the facilities of the structure.
4

Utilities the access on water, electricity

and sewage systems of the site.
4

Accessibility the sites access to main road

networks, streets, road right of ways and
5
etc.

Amenities structures or anything that adds

to the value or essential to the site.
5

Site Hazard possible danger zones near the

lot (fault lines, flooding, landslide prone
4
area, etc).

Safety and Security the state of being

protected or being away from harm.
4

Adjacent Buildings existing structures

surrounding the site.
4
Noise Pollution disturbing noises that can
affect the activity or balance in the site. It
4
may be caused by vehicles or human factor.

Topography it is the arrangement of

natural and artificial features of the site.
5

Aesthetic Factor the beauty of site and its

surroundings.
4

Demography the ability of the site to be

flexible enough for future changes or
4
expansions.

Traffic the amount of human or vehicular

traffic on the site.
4

Total :51
LOT 2 TAYTAY RIZAL

Site Bearing and measurements

The site has an area of 4.5 hectares with the following dimensions: (pt. a)
145.22m N 20.11 W, (pt. b) 74.61m N 42.91 W, (pt.c) 222.17 E 58.46 N, (pt.d)
227.19m S 38.81 E, (pt.e) W 55.31 S

Site Capacity

Having a whole span of 4.5 hectares available to be designed, the site has a
good flexibility to place any infrastructure or any kinds of facilities/amenities
within the given lot and more so, to be able to design more innovations and
particularities when it comes to design.

Utilities
 The lot is located within institutional zoning and utilities like Electricity,
Water, Sewage are given priorities to be suitable for such institutional structures
to be built within the zone.

Accessibility

Being a corner-through lot, the lot is surrounded by 1 major road and two
other access road, with the major road being a 12 m wide rrow and the other two
being an 8 m wide rrow.

Amenities

A Public transportation terminal exist just right in front of the lot providing
a good access for the people. There is also a police station one block away from
the lot, Several school also is near the premise with the nearest one being 300
meters away from the lot. And also, a crematorium is only 400m away from the
lot.

Site Hazard

The terminal in front of the poses a hazard for the lot but the rest is plentily
good as despite being located in an institutional zone, a lot of greeneries
surrounds the area.

Safety and Security

Being near a police station gives a reassurance that public safety wouldnt
be a problem concerned for the area.

Adjacent buildings

No other adjacent buildings except for the terminal across the road and the
municipal hall and other government offices beside it.

Noise Pollution
 The terminal in front of the lot is the biggest concern for the lot bringing
the most noise pollution for the lot.

Topography

The lot is a wide plain with a lot of existing trees located along the
boundary of the lot which is deemed not necessary to be cut down.

Aesthetic factor

A lot of good vista is available especially to the north side and east side of
the plot given that it is still within a industrialization phase.

Demography

The total lot area of the land is big enough giving a wide range of flexibility
to develop further in case of insufficient initial accommodation expectation

Traffic

Taytay Rizal could also be counted as one of the many populated areas and
the lot is located near the central business district of the city giving it a good
publicity.
Lot 2 Taytay, Rizal

Site Criteria Score ( 5 is the highest )

Site Capacity capability of the site to

accommodate the facilities of the structure.
5

Utilities the access on water, electricity

and sewage systems of the site.
4

Accessibility the sites access to main road

networks, streets, road right of ways and
4
etc.

Amenities structures or anything that adds

to the value or essential to the site.
4

Site Hazard possible danger zones near the

lot (fault lines, flooding, landslide prone
4
area, etc).

Safety and Security the state of being

protected or being away from harm.
4

Adjacent Buildings existing structures

surrounding the site.
 4

Noise Pollution disturbing noises that can

affect the activity or balance in the site. It
3
may be caused by vehicles or human factor.

Topography it is the arrangement of

natural and artificial features of the site.
4

Aesthetic Factor the beauty of site and its

surroundings.
4

Demography the ability of the site to be

flexible enough for future changes or
5
expansions.

Traffic the amount of human or vehicular

traffic on the site.
4

Total :49
LOT 3 CAVITE

Site bearing and measurements

The site has an area of 2 hectares with the following dimensions: (pt. a)
124.11m W 10.24 N, (pt.b) 176.16m S 22.57 W, (pt.c) 119.02 E 19.86 S, (pt. d)
151.79m N 21.64 E allowing a good flexibility to design the land.

Site capacity

Being given a 2 hectares of land to build a medical center would be

sufficient enough but only for the necessary facilities and other amenities but not
much available spaces for new innovations and specialities.

Utilities

Electricity, Water and Sewage needs are available as this is routed along a
major road, given with enough priority in terms of utilities

Accessibility

With its front side adjacent to a 10m wide rrow, a major road, it is given a
good enough access to public vehicles
Amenities

An already existing pharmacy is located nearby which is convenient for a

hospital to be built in the area but conversely, having an already existing
pharmacy could restrict the development to build a pharmacy within the premise
of the hospital. Other amenities like police station, gasoline station and terminal
could be located nearby.

Site Hazard

The area is located on a semi- urban, semi-rural area ruling out mostly
urban hazard elements and the area is surrounded by greeneries making it a good
environment for a hospital.

Safety and Security

A nearby police station exist within the area ensuring a 24 hours

surveillance coming from the police station

Adjacent Buildings

A water resort park is available at beside the lot making it an unsuitable

place to build any kind of institutional building.

Noise Pollution

Due to the area being located in a semi-rural area, there would be no big
concern regarding noises created by the town, only a slight concern regarding the
road noises as traffic only has a slight occurrence in the area.

Topography

The area is a complete plains and doesnt need any other considerations for
constructing in a sloped area.
Aesthetic Factor

As it is within a semi-rural area, a lot of greeneries is visible in the area

creating a good vista in the front however, the rear side is a town which could not
be said to be the same.

Demography

The lot only allow minimum flexibility for any future development or
expansion

Traffic

The lot is located near a school and subdivisions and the next nearest
hospital is 4km away making the area a good in between distance for residential
area.
Lot 3 Cavite

Site Criteria Score ( 5 is the highest )

Site Capacity capability of the site to

accommodate the facilities of the structure.
4

Utilities the access on water, electricity

and sewage systems of the site.
5

Accessibility the sites access to main road

networks, streets, road right of ways and
4
etc.

Amenities structures or anything that adds

to the value or essential to the site.
3

Site Hazard possible danger zones near the

lot (fault lines, flooding, landslide prone
4
area, etc).

Safety and Security the state of being

protected or being away from harm.
4

Adjacent Buildings existing structures

surrounding the site.
3
Noise Pollution disturbing noises that can
affect the activity or balance in the site. It
3
may be caused by vehicles or human factor.

Topography it is the arrangement of

natural and artificial features of the site.
4

Aesthetic Factor the beauty of site and its

surroundings.
4

Demography the ability of the site to be

flexible enough for future changes or
4
expansions.

Traffic the amount of human or vehicular

traffic on the site.
4

Total :46
4.3 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE
4.4 MACRO SITE DATA

HISTORY

The city of Las Pias is famous for the Bamboo Organ, praised for its unique, rare, and
melodious sound. The unique bamboo organ can only be found inside the St. Joseph Church of
the Parish of Las Pias. It was in the year 1822 that the construction of this one-of-a-kind
musical instrument started; it was completed in 1824. Fr. Diego Cera initiated building this
organ using bamboo, wood, and metal. Yearly, a Bamboo Organ Festival is being held at the
Parish during the month of February.

Las Pias has also come to be known as a major site of Philippine revolts. During the Philippine-
Spanish revolution of 1896, it was occupied by the forces of General Emilio Aguinaldo,
President of the First Philippine Republic. Similarly, the city, then only a town, figured
prominently during the World War II.

Beliefs on the true origin of the towns name vary. Some say it is derived from the word Pia,
meaning pineapple, since traders from the provinces of Cavite and Batangas shipped their
pineapples for sale first to this town before the nearby markets. Others believe that the name
was really Las Peas, owing to the quarrying of stones and adobe, which were used to
construct buildings and bridges. The name could also have originated from the two political
groups that ruled the town at that time.

An inscription in an old church bell, which has been preserved inside the museum of the Las
Pias Parochial Church, states, Siendo Cura-del Pueblo de Las Peas el M.R.P. Padre Diego
Cera se Fundio este equilon ano de 1820. It shows that, as early as during the time of Fr. Diego
Cera, the towns first parish priest, the town had been called Las Peas until after sometime
that the towns name was somehow changed to Las Pias.
GEOGRAPHY

Las Pias City is bounded on the north and northeast by the city of Paraaque; on the east and
southeast by the city of Muntinlupa; on the south by the municipality of Imus, Cavite; on the
southwest and west by the municipality of Bacoor, Cavite; and on the northwest by the scenic
Manila Bay. It occupies a total land area of 41.54 sq. kilometers.

POPULATION

The total population was 413,086 as of the 1995 census.

POLITICAL SUBDIVISION

The city is composed of 20 Barangays under one Congressional District. It has been classified as
a Highly Urbanized City.
4.5 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS

CLIMATE GRAPH LAS PIAS

Precipitation is the lowest in February, with an average of 6 mm. Most precipitation falls in
August, with an average of 407 mm.
TEMPERATURE GRAPH LAS PIAS

At an average temperature of 29.2 C, May is the hottest month of the year. In January, the
average temperature is 25.7 C. It is the lowest average temperature of the whole year.
LAS PIAS CLIMATE TABLE // HISTORICAL WEATHER DATA

Between the driest and wettest months, the difference in precipitation is 401 mm. The average
temperatures vary during the year by 3.5 C.
CHAPTER 5
PROJECT PROPOSAL
5.1 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE + TROPICAL ARCHITECTURE + MODERN
ARCHITECTURE
Sustainable Architecture is celebrated as a core value to the community. It is
an integral part of shaping the architecture, of designing the open space, of
selecting materials, of designing mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems, of
incorporating art work, and of formulating operating policies, emphasizing long
term benefit over short term capital outlay.
Many confuse the term tropical architecture with a
particular design style. In reality, tropical architecture is
all about achieving thermal comfort through the use of
passive design elements like sunshades, cavity walls,
light shelves, overhangs, roof and wall insulation and
even shading from large trees to block the sun. Modern
tropical architecture will be used as a concept for the
design of the major buildings. Modern architecture will
appear in the visual expression of the structures.

STRUCTURAL CONCEPT
The usage of thin shell structure shall be the most suitable structural system
for buildings such as an auditorium where placing a post to support the middle load
of the roof is impossible as an auditorium should not have any obstructible
elements that will hinder the audiences peripheral view.

A thin shell is defined as a shell with a thickness which is small compared to

its other dimensions and in which deformations are not large compared to
thickness. A primary difference between a shell structure and a plate structure is
that, in the unstressed state, the shell structure has curvature as opposed to the
plates structure which is flat. Membrane action in a shell is primarily caused by in-
plane forces (plane stress), but there may be secondary forces resulting from
flexural deformations. Where a flat plate acts similar to a beam with bending and
shear stresses, shells are analogous to a cable which resists loads through tensile
stresses. The ideal thin shell must be capable of developing both tension and
compression.

5.2 DESIGN APPROACH

Basing design through the perspective of the end user and designing
through what comes out of the
visualization shall be the
outcome of the project thus, a
clinical simulation center being
an insightful representation what
visualization of the center is.

The project adopted the

character of a dragonfly
representing visual acuity which
is an essential skill for every
surgeons or every people in
general. Visual Acuity refers to how a person can instantly perceive an object and
its condition, not only limited to a single object but perceiving huge amount of
information instantaneously.
CHAPTER 6
PROGRAMMING

6.1 SPACE COMPUTATIONS

Site Computations

Site : Las Pias

Total Lot Area: 2.7hectares

Institutional :

60% PSO, 20% ISA, 20% USA

Maximum Allowable Construction Area: 27000sqm - 10800 = 16200sqm

60% PSO + 20% ISA = 80% of TLA Percentage of Site Occupancy:

27000sqm x .8 = 21600sqm AMBF/ TLA

Impervious Surface Area: 16200sqm/27000sqm = 60%

20% of TLA

27000sqm x .2 = 5400sqm

Unpaved Surface Area:

20% of TLA

2700sqm x .2 = 5400sqm

Allowable Maximum Building Footprint:

TLA Land Area for courts and yards +

Additional Buildable lot Area
6.2 PROXIMITY MATRIX
6.3 BUBBLE DIAGRAMS
6.4 BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

OCCUPANTS

SERVICE
7.0 CONCLUSION

Las Pias city is a suitable location for a

simulation center located near the capital
and bounded by cities that are highly
urbanized and near the airport. This
location is ideal for an international
simulation center. It also have the access
to many commercial areas and amenities
that are necessary for its occupants.