Demography

and
Population

Reporters
Edwin monte
John jerico cruz
Angelito aguilar
Marc Jherico sumilang

Instructor
Mrs. Jona lopez-ragiles
Contents
Definition of Demography
Malthusian theory
The Filipino Population

Demography
-The statistical study of populations, especially human beings. It encompasses the study of the size, structure
and distribution of populations, and how populations change over time due to births, deaths, migration.

Methods
1. Direct
2. Indirect

Direct methods
Direct data comes from vital statistics registries that track all births and deaths as well as certain
changes in legal status such as marriage, divorce, and migration (registration of place of residence).
A census is usually conducted by a national government and attempts to enumerate every person in
a country.

Indirect methods
Indirect methods of collecting data are required in countries and periods where full data are not
available, such as is the case in much of the developing world, and most of historical demography.
Sister method, where survey researchers ask women how many of their sisters have died or had
children and at what age.

Science of population
Populations can change through three processes: fertility, mortality, and migration. Fertility involves the
number of children that women have and is to be contrasted with fecundity (a woman's childbearing potential).

Mortality is the study of the causes, consequences, and measurement of processes affecting death to members
of the population. Demographers most commonly study mortality using the Life Table, a statistical device
which provides information about the mortality conditions (most notably the life expectancy) in the population
Migration refers to the movement of persons from a locality of origin to a destination place across some pre-
defined, political boundary.

Demographic Indicators
1. Births
2. Deaths
3. Migration
Malthusian Theory of Population

Thomas Robert Malthus was the first economist to propose a systematic theory of population.
He articulated his views regarding population in his famous book, Essay on the Principle of
population (1798), for which he collected empirical data to support his thesis.

The power of population is so superior to the power of the earth to produce subsistence for man - Thomas
Malthus, 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Chapter VII, p. 61

Explanation to Malthusian Theory of Population:

Malthuss theory of population is based on the following three
postulates:
1. Food is essential for mans existence.

2. The passion between the sexes is essential and it will nearly remain in its present
state.

3. The law of diminishing returns operates in agriculture.

Malthus first classified the checks on the growth of human population into two broad
categories: positive and preventative checks. The positive checks were active in
nature, and included such things as disease, war, and the most powerful check of all,
famine.
Filipino Population The Philippines annualized population growth rate between the years 2010-2015 was 1.72%.
According to the 2015 census, the population of the Philippines is 100,981,437.

Population 100,981,437 (2015 census)

Growth rate 1.72% (2010-2015)

Birth rate 19.0 births/1,000 population

(2010)

Death rate 5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2010)

Life expectancy 71.66 years

male 68.72 years

female 74.74 years (2011 est.)

Fertility rate 3.0 children born/woman (2013 est.)

Infant mortality rate 19.34 deaths/1,000 live births

Net migration rate -1.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)