Ayia tela Rola Contents Checklist of key points for iting 1 Model answers, with hints and useful phrases: 1.4 Essay pro 1.2 Informal letter/email p.182 1.3 Seri-formal letter p.183 1A Report pie 15 Article plas 16 Review 186 2. Sample answers 2A Essay par 2.2 Informal letter pao 2.3 Semi-formal etter 190 24 Report pst 25 Article 192 2.6 Review p93, 3 General marking guidelines p94 4 Guide to writing genres 195 5 Additional tasks with suggested plans 196 6 Discourse markers and linking words and phrases p.198 7 Academic language p99 Checklist Answering the question Have you + answered all parts of the question and included all the necessary information? + witten the required number of words? + organised your ideas appropriately, using paragraphs where necessary? + written clearly so that itis easy to read? ‘Accuracy Have you checked for mistakes with + grammar, such as agreement, verb tenses? + vocabulary, such as incorrect word or wiong word formation? + speling or punctuation? Range Have you used a variety of grammatical structures interesting vocabulary and linking words? Style and layout Have you + used @ layout appropriate for the type of writing? + included an appropriate introduction and conclusion? + used language appropriate for the type of writing? + made your answer interesting for the reader? Would it have a positive effect? Writing reference 179WRITING REFERENCE | Model answers, with hints and useful phrases 1.1 Essay (Part |) TASK — For work on essays, see pages 24,44, | Inyour English class, you have been talking about technology. Now, your Engish | 76,96, and 148, teacher has asked you to write an essay. \Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your paint of view. VEVDEUDDDNSEUEL Whi Pada ‘Do people depend too much on technology nowadays? Notes: Write about: 1 communication 2 education 3________ (your own idea) \Write your essay. (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer DONT start bysaying DO state the topic in logrewithhs-your ———Nowadlays nearly every aspect of life io affected Your fist sentence, but ‘essay sould presen by techology. Computers are Used for Conminication, Use yout own word, your own argument: education and entertannent; but do we depend on them Yoo mich? Couweinaaiel — “So people are afraid that # people spend ali Taetotaiey their time talking t0 others on their computers, a they become unable fo make real relationships. they we through computers or mobile phones, and feel unconfortable if they are not online uch people are clearly too lepenclent on technology, although easy communication bas advantages in the tiloiness world. DDO ncude supporting ctl the potsin each paragraph. | education bas benefited! from technology a> students can find a) the information they need in seconcls without needing 40 spend time going through books } Cowelnking —_—-flawever, if sfuctents Jose the ability to think for expressonsto themselves, this 13 not a good thing. Incoxuce points in anessay it 19 very easy to find entertainment through technology, ard it is also Used! in Filmmaking. We al! expect to see speci) effects in films nowadays and these are produced by technology. But are these films really better than the filna of the past? Do ncude your own idea DONT forget so ‘explessyouropnicn —— i my opinion, we have to accept the role of Seer technology nowadays, but we shovid be aware of the danger of becoming too dependent on it 180 Writing referenceTASK In your English class, you have been talking | about the importance of advertising. Now your English teacher has asked you to write an essay, ‘Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your point of view. VETCRETUTTRREETE Midd Nowadays there is a great deal of advertising everywhere. Do you think it should be restricted? Notes Write about: 1 heath 2 Information 3 (your own idea) ‘Write your essay. (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer (DO sate the topic in yourfist sentence in geveraltemsin the Useful language + Some people claim that your teenage years are the best years of your it Iis often said that TVs a bad influence on young people. However, in my view/opinion, However, on balance, Firstly, itis clear that money cannot buy happiness Thereis a strong argument for While itis true/Although it may be said that computer garnes ‘arestimulating, they may not be good for you inthe long run. To clarify the point. theres more advertising on TV than ever before From my point of view/In my view, job satsfaction is more important than a large salary Itseems clearto me that Finally, its important to remember/must be remembered that... Lastly, feel that To sum up/in conclusion, it seems to me that — We are swrourded by advertising. I is i shops, on posters, ov television, ia mangozines , online — i is iupossible to Ouse tetera invoducton escage, Is d too tauch, and shoul it be restricted? eto There is a strong argpuaent lor restricling advertising for . Bae oe — wanheoltly things. (ee. sweets on television becouse these es sclutcisagss cocina Kea. chbdnd satan ta “The chidren waist to dry the predicts in the advertisements , and this cam be bad for their health, Chidven con't tell the dilference between am advertiement ancl a progaiaie, and of comrse they have no choice abot seeing The advertisensent tthey are watching the progroiuine 00 wseinking eee mont: —— On the other hard, advertisements in magasines give inanew paragaph people the chance to see what is avalable anc decicle whether fo buy a particular product or uot. Of corse, there is alse the point that too many advertisements excowrage people to spencl mchey they may et have, which is a bacl thing, bt peaele don’t have to bay mngacives DovTiometttatyour Same people actually enjoy advertisements because they Doshow hatyou ceondusonshoo sberhithas Hosaee apprecate he oer follow yourarurent faa ey Stl ile itera a pont of ven. even f cleat ou don agiee wn balance | feel that ahaa has a place ik ow lives, it should be restricted on television Writing reference 181‘WRITING REFERENCE 1.2 Informal letter/ email (Part 2) For work on informal letters and emals, see pages 14 and 138 | Task You have received this email fram your English-speaking friend Carole. | When you visit me next month, ‘what would you like to do? You sata something about visiting historic places but I know you like sports as ‘well. Ive just passed my driving test, so we can get around easily. Have ‘you got any questions for me about your visit? Write your email. (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer Ouse your fends rare Dost wite Der —T Hi Carole, fred Thanks for your email - it was great to hear from you I'm sorry | haven't written for a while, but I've been really busy preparing for my exams. It's goad news that you've passed your driving test. Congratulations! DOmenionateter | oremailyoutwe | ‘ecaed tom the person yeu are wting to,orvlertoa shar experience I'm really looking forward to my visit - thank you again | for inviting me. | know you have a wonderful beach near | your house and I'd reallly enjoy spending some time | there. | expect the weather will be hot, so | hope we Useful language Beginning the letter or email + Many thanks for your letter/email- is wos great to heor fom youagain, + thought 'd better write and give you sorne more details about + Its been such along time since we wrote to each other. + Howeare things with you? + How was your holiday? Introducing the topic + know you're keen to hear about my holiday. + You remember | told you in my last letter that| was going to Ending the letter or emai + Give my love/regards to your farly + Please write soon. + Hook forward to meeting up again soon 0 say wharyou'e ‘been cling rece and give some Interesting detals Drink oFsome specticderalsto Include m each pareqraph ~ tis wil ‘make your letter | can go swimming. As you know, I'm also interested in Sees 20useinformal _—— history, So it'd be great if you could drive to the castle in e language |_ the next town - you told me about it before. __ | have a couple of questions. What sort of clothes | should | pack? Casual or formal? Would you like me DO think of some to bring anything for you? I'd like to bring something Inresing questions special for you and your family from my country, tom ene I'd better stop now and get on with my studying. | hope the peson youre you're enjoying driving your car, andl can't wait to meet | 9Ovsansosepaae ning, ! prasetoendyour wnitng| | up very soon! ee All the best, Irene 182 Witing reference ove AU he bes, Best thes DONT fish you informal eter coremall wth Yous sincera.1.3 Semi-formal letter (Part 2) For work an semi-formal letters, see page 86. | Task newspaper, LOOKING FOR PART-TIME WORK? | We need students of English o spend two mornings ‘a week helping in the local tourist office. Good pay and conditions for he right applicant. st tus eng information aboot oo le! of Engh ‘Wt 1 iy you woul be sabeforthe job | Write your letter, Do not write any postal addresses. (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer Dear Sie/Madarn, Useful language Ihave always been interested in using English in my work + One of the main reasons! am applying for this job {is that ant to work in England. + Ihave a lot of experience of dealing with the public + Jam available to start work at any timesfiom the end ofthe month, Thank you for considering my application. would be grateful if you would send me futher details ofthe ob I can be contacted on 0849.58 4843 at any time. ook forward to hearing from you soon. Do say which joo youre apalyng for andwhereand whan yousan adventsed DONT make mistakes wth time expressions anctenses DONT forget to mention why you thinkyouar sutable forthejob Dobesinand end your letras you would ote frral lens a benaibadins cof Mikes ooo plicee.betatwaT: haul a Jab. about the subject recently. In the rear future, I would like to > Yours: faithfully, Tam writing 40 apply for one of the positions helping in. the leeal tourist office wich were abwrttsed in "Kent. Weeki! on 23 August. Tam rineteen years old and come from Switzerland. German is my mother tongue and T have been leaning English and French for Fie yeare at a comprehensive school. AL the moment Ten a ‘student at Erglich International, studying for the Cambridge First. Exar. SST calabeer eee lateness emieseiee Ve realy apent three months in England, T know the local tourist attractions quite well. T would alo say that T he 4 gpod continue studying Eralish, and so the job in your tourist office would be a great opportunity for me to improve my speaking. 1 am auailable for interview at any time. I can be contacted on O795 Si 32 41 after Spm. every evening. Thank you for considering my application, 1 look forward to hearing. from you. Libulle. Penile Gabriella Daniels Youcan inventa revesaper and date ‘oO organise your Tetter 0 that you ‘mention each of theareasinthe adverisement DO say whenand how youcanbe contacted Whiting reference 183|__| WRITING REFERENCE 1.4 Report (Part 2) For work on reports, see pages 66 and 128. Useful language Introduction TASK + Theaim ofthis report s to “The school where you study Englsh has decided + This teportis intended to tospend some money on either buying more penoana aul computers or improving the lbrery Write a i report for the schoo! director describing the estneseiceser feel tie | benefits to the school of both these options, and + Several people said/told me/suggested/thought that | tecommending which ane the school should spend money on, Write your report (You should write 140-190 words) Presenting a list + They gave/suggested the following reasons: + They made the following points: 1 2 ‘Making recommendations + Iwould therefore recommend that we expand the iixary/ installing a new coffee machine. + It would seem that banning mobile phones is the best idea Model answer Use of money for school inproments DONT begin and end Introduction yourreport with Dear Sy The alm of thie report ie to compare the ahantages of big, Mada hea ee abitional computers and of improving the library, and to suggest DO say how you collated which would be bet. I atked students for their views. eee DOwseheadrasbecase ining mare computa ‘this makes it easier for the Some students thought this was a good idea as computers, reser. the msn var ef fort inomation 00 we sarge ogee + practising writing + sing tHe Internet vocabulary rset prasee 20, Sore thought ths wer agecdidea . fete Dolbce woeritvce Va + plang gant. points undereachheadrg tlre. sck that ty praferred to. tin throu computers areal ane ae ye bilan ont em eapeicn sramatcanguageas you doinastoy Areport gies fatal information. The maprity of abalenle prefered the euagetin, for te fallowing reason: 1 Ming do ok hve a ul place to work a home. The Winery cold bea good place for prhate study, but at fretent there are not enough tablet and chine for everyone 2 Mere up-to-dte reference books. are vealed, een though ray sents wae electronic detonries. 3 They want to be able to read books urtten for young people, without having to buy them DONT include relevant deta or descrpeon, Recommendations Te wae felt by moet ctudente that proving the library would be mere wieFul and that allng to the uerkspace (20 se forma angus in ard buying reference books would benefit the majority of yourreport, stulerte. I would therefore recommend spending money i 10 express opinions ‘rnpersonaly, DONT pies recommendations ‘oropinions unt the conclusion 184 Writing reference1.5 Article (Part 2) a Useful language For workan articles, see pages 34 and 106. TASK You see this advertisement in an English language | magazine Write your article (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer DO think an Imeresting te. Use thextle oven ithe ask theresa ile diver, wrt one of yeurown DO rich your article bysummarsing your rain point and ‘98g your epinion or expressing your feelings Involving the reader + Are you thinking of getting married in the near future? + Im sure you'll agree it asc great dea Developing your points + Let's start with why is so imporrant to tokeplenty of exercise. + Another advantage of using a computer's that + Ontopof that, Giving your own opinion + [think that/In my opinion traditional celebrations are very important, + Itseems tome that people are much more avvare of the importance ofa good alet nowadays. Clinda's carnival - something for everyone : ae most. people think of Camiva, they thin of Bo de Sanevo. Bit Zio n't the only city in Brazil that knows how to have parties. T lve in Olinda, a lovely city in the northeast of Brazil what can we Say about the carnival at Olinda? ust that it's the best in the world! Ot toinvole your reader tect 09 by ting aquest, Carnival has its origins in ancient Egyptian and Roman Sestvals. TE was introduced to Brazil the Portuguese, and was inSenced by Abrican rhytnms and Tadan costumes. Now @s «big, national celebration 10 use informal language to involve Cree Carival starts, the whole town theres. erary! Everyone's singing, and dancing, Parades se isi eee fe north-eastern Felklore dance throwh the streets. T lave the gjant street dolls, both th traditional ones. sich “as ‘the man of midnight and the new ones that appear each year The best thing about ow camival is that no one has to pay and there ae no big stars Everyone takes part, rich and poor, old and yous, residents and towists. TF you come, T promse youll never Serget tt! DONT eget ‘express your option Writing reference 1851.6 Review (Part 2) For workon reviews, see pages 54 and 118 [Task You see this announcement in an English language magazine film em ness ‘We want your views on films being made today! Write us a review of the last film you saw. Tell us about the story, characters and any special features of the film, and whether you would recommend the film to other people. The best review will be | published in the magazine. —— Write your review. (You should write 140-190 words) Model answer fe) WRITING REFERENCE Useful language Introduction + The film | would like to review is: + The last flm I saw /book read was Summarising the story + Itssetin + The story is based on a book + Isabout + There are many memorable characters including + The main theme ofthe fra + What the film is saying is Recommending the film + Iwould recommend this im to. anyone + Although I enjoyed it, !would not recommend it for + It’s one of the best shows I've ever seen. + Although lam not normally keen on musicals 'm glad that I decided to go. + The fim lifts you out of your everyday life. The last filmy I saw was not new; m fact # wos The Lord of the Rings. DOsay whatthe im Isabout but notin too Ih is based on the well-enown back and tells the mancetal story of @ ereahire celled a hobbit who takes a congercus mage ving back to the place where it pee co Wad made m order to destroy i There ave many oe og memorable characters opart Fram the bobbst oi. rmemorale characters, tis Mende, including a Wieetd called Gandelf ad a icon pond suspicicus creature called Gellum at ieee Pouyoues This is @ film obrout friendship and loyalty. However, range of imeresting ibis the special effects that make ‘it fruly magical vocseusnstobing © —— There ave vivid battle. scenes with fantastic animals Seine mre and birds, ond sets that are so imagmative: that Dovmberkarii reader T would recommend this film to whe do not usuelly enjoy fants and try iLike me,, you might Fird cut of your everyday lifer ihe a werld you may rot want to leave. say to them is ~ that the: film lifts want to believe they are real. But a5 well as this, the: actual lecations are, beautiful tea explain your ideas clea and oink paragraphs together jore, even these sims. what I. would Da remember 0 ave your opinion, as this ‘the purpose ofa review {utr unt the end2 Sample answers ‘The following scripts were written by students, Read the general marking guidelines on page 194, and use them to help you assess each answer and decide on its strong and weak points. Then read the comments given and the suggested band score, and compare your ideas. 2.1 Essay (Part |) TASK In your English class you have been talking about what ‘people do in ther fee time. Now, your teacher has asked you towrite an essay. ‘nite an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your | pointof view. ii Pd2LUU2) JH) Many people in a city go shopping in their free time, Do you think this has any value as @ leisure activity? | Notes Write about: 1 relaxation 2 social activity 3 ___(your own idea) ite your essay. (You should wite 140-190 words) | Comments Sample answer Z belive that shopping en be one oF the important things people do, hike eating and eters? ‘soe, Shaping is their chante tL tee, Foon ‘things tke vadking ond necting friends. Dn the one had, £ tink that is trae that hoping has ne vale in sone Lifes gles. Tepe fame et ahaging enn ahaa fo do watever they wae and then itis an escape from doing things they should do. Z meam pele penance of ew. “ery don't Hh OF gorng fo sighting or interesting tongs nove, others think oP it as a chance fo mect sone friends wha you only see from tine to time. Xn addition, itis usefull tne 4e disease cory day problems = foro wee if you hve got Sede sharing te om si listen to ethers problems i be yp ove nothing compared te theirs. ZH enn oe tree foe wry doy wn ese od i is valanble for some wha have a hard jeb and te. En conslusion, it's true that barging th has little value, but people are di ings ic snenns that shaping willbe priceless for sone. This answers the question clearly and uses a wide range of vacabulary and) some good expressions (eg. think that yours are nothing compared to thers). The paragraphs are clearly introduced with linking words (e.g, On the one hand}. However, there are some grammatical mistakes (eg. instead of do wor). The style is appropriate, and the writer has included interesting ideas of their own about discussing problems with friends when shopping, The conclusion clearly retuins ‘to the question and gives a nice summary of the writer's opinion, A very good ‘communicative achievement. Band 4 ‘writing reference 187BMG TASK In your English class you have been talking about consumerism, Now your English teacher thas asked you to write an essay. \Write an essay using alll the notes and give reasons for your point af view, \Write your essay. (You should write 140-190 words) Sample answers A Exerathing 19 tre wora also has scventagts MIT ae Vaan Nowadays people buy products that come from al over the word instead of things that come from tei local rea. Co you think his i @ good cea? Notes We about 4 employment 2 quality of products (your own idea) | There ave many reasons to suport domestic products im ow country, Firstly, jeblass im own ira Se be redeed betnuas mére pple wil hae enplopaont and dsadientages. he local prodcts, rt doesn’t rave famous brerd, bot Ht can help many people get 8 pod ob, and get a high weone: To begn wi, Ht contretes various pes oF leh for people: he a contry able to caueate vrei citzens 10 proaice ther cum prodet hie tnt bong penty of careera fer ese: peor: Neo the products can be more fresher and nore. healthe becaise trex Bf hore mace. lrtrout any chenéal thet hac peoples weantn On ‘ve otrer rand if we We 9 se Wee that prosicts too, ve can know darts, ow thels made ty, becasce we con go 40 the company or places Where they were made. For erample, bead, IF ue wart to Krew han WF we rade and ua they, pot nti we ean gp 10 te place. where tt mace, So ve can gve the peape, feedback ara help them to mprore So in my opnion it is better to bay cal roars catrer than box proaicts Fron otrer comeres teat area ond ‘Comments A This has a fairly good range of grammar, and the answers well organised in paragraphs with appropriate | | linking words. The introduction is alittle confusing but the conclusion works well, and itis possible to understand the vwtiter's viewpoint. The wirter has used the idea of working) with local producers to give feedback as their third point. There are some grammatical mistakes (ea, more heather, harmful people's health). The style is generally suitable for an essay. A satisfactory communicative achievement. Band 3 188 Writing reference Another point is that having losal product's is wore comenient and more reliable. For example, iP sone products that are not related. te ow edn PRMD att prdvets that don't uae ow nate gia on it. This, how ean You rend tine ‘use or thabonetit of 7 Aad this wil cance yous peat dent of problem. ae On the other hand there will stl have sone disndmatages about this print. Sone people wast to buy product from alt over tne world beosuce Hee seat te fry sam thing or expla ford they wnt jo try new tasty, or for mobile phone, they want to bts ater The conclusion = disagree about sentence that it is 404 Paing te A imported trom atl ove tke wor fhe people, they experience. browse mast of want 40 fry new things, get new B This has no introduction to the tapi, and the ideas are not clearly expressed, The writer mentions the lack of native language and trying new things as his own ideas, and uses this in his conclusion, There are grammatical mistakes with articles and some sentences ate not clear (eg. for example food they want to try new tasty) ‘The conclusion does not seem to follow the argument logically. The essay just about has a reasonably satisfactory communicative effect and would just reach Band 3. ing t bar foal products yest | | I t | | |2.2 Informal letter (Part 2) TASK You have received this leer from your English- VU efinctely beable to visit you neet July ~ 1s that a geod speaking friend Tom, rune 10 come? what will e be able 1 do Together ten, and ‘whet would you recommend | see? Should | bring anytting \Wite your letter. Do not write any postal addresses. (You should write 140-190 words) special with 1c? Any advice For me? How can we travel arcana? Sample answers Bo Dear Tom, Nee , Nee 7 hese fron yp. Ti oo erat tt pe Dew Tom, SPF way to come here. this sanmer. T have Hil, How are you? ‘Thank you for your letter! I'm very happy about your plant COKE Hf yeu let me brow your arrival time, | will come 10 you, at Narita airport. V've thought about ‘ur plan in ~lapan. | know yeu really tke footeall! “50, how about visiting stadium of the World Cup? You can vist a locker room in Yokohama. Internationa) Stadion where the Find) was held, ‘and you can see autographs of Brasilitn ration! team menbers In sky, Japan 12 very bot, but sonetines there is @ heayy rtun 20 you have to bring an Unbreila. ‘And! there are lots of mosguitocs, you mot bring ‘a medical Cream fo protect yourself againot then Do you hare any specit) requests? If yal have ‘any, please let me brow Vil try to do it! 1m lookng forward to your reply anc! to meeting yoo in oly! Loto of love, Dect sche, Yuka Carel TE Comments A Allparts ofthe question are dealt with, in an appropriately informal style. There are some grarnmaticl mistakes (e.. there isa heawy rain) and problems in pronoun use (e. i try to doit) but the student uses tenses accurately and shows a good range of vocabulary, and the paragraphs are clear and well constructed. The letter has a positive effect on the reader. Band 4 Yo say tat ype made @ good cenien. Fret of al, T wold tke to recommend ype seme, Faces where you shoion't miss ch as Sentosa ‘eard. You can have atfecent sctivtes theve. for Shae: IF os waa the roveg amrbatnrg. T tort, ‘Su Wola! 6 the. best chovce. to relax. Don't forget 0 org cwmear. I don't thnk Ba Pare {2 @ good pace 40 voit It's qrte boing T ha we to be honest to cay thar However if ups are. realy ferestng 9 ving there T ca chow yoy acon. Secondly ho tre best tne. come. hare f ‘He shopeng le have bg on ae Hy Tere, Fican arrange the chopping table for yo Tait et i PY reed to bring any special stuff Tats tious yo can hem se Oar pare cone nee emp stave fr ‘yee shopping, HF go have: any question yor ask me, TY do my vest to coke them, B This isa full answerto the question, with afaitly good range of grammar, but there ae quite few arammiatical problems (e9. recommend you some places were ‘you instead of recommend some places o you which; interesting in instead of interested ir). Vocabulary problems sometimes make the meaning unclear (eg, ican arrange the shopping table for you). Paragraphs and connecting ‘words are well used and the style is generally suitable for a letter from a fiend. thas a satisfactory effect on the reader, Band 3 Writing referenceWRITING REFERENCE r 190 2.3 Semi-formal letter (Part 2) TASK i: ‘You have received this letter from the organisers of competition you entered Write your letter. Do not write any postal addresses. (You should write 140-190 words) Sample answers A Dear Ars Thompscn, cased “Thank you very mich for the letter. 1m very ple that Se won the price | would Ike to go 10 ots ‘Frevezco because | have never been 10 the USA before Howerer, there are serena) quechono | wauld the 42 ask rat of a), | would ike to brow whether the return Light 13 @ direct tight or not. 1 would like to book a direct Digit becav2e it 1 wich wore Comfortable we are being secondly, | would tke 40 toon bow long feached every day axd there are Classes in the Inorang or the afternoon is there a difference between Vancowrer ancl San Francisco Condernng ths pot? with « fan re Yeu wrote aboot @ free accommcclation wth & jhe wetlo incised! tacfor oo | have the opportnity 12 ook by myseH? Mease let me alsa boow the distance trom the sole ' le to shay Finaliy, | would the 40 ak yoo if o> posable Te eter one ocak to pie pase ef mre know the price | have 10 ply 1 ie to thank you in ackance For your assistance and | look forded 10 heaving from 4 2008 Yours sincerely, daders Moser Comments AA There is noirelevant information and the student answers the question with interesting details There are some grammatical mistakes (eg. we are being teaches 2 ‘tee.accommodation, but these don't cause problems in tunderstanding the meaning He uses quite a wide range ‘of structures, although he tends to repeat would kero snow. deas are organised in paragraphs with appropriate vocabulary, The style is sometimes t00 formal (eg, concerning ths point) but the letter shows a high level of communicative achievement. Band 5 Writing reference correo a eyo-uec po Vnconer OR Std Fs our cas FREE ou Mp0 she cere ur cine «weredk Enginhenne and FREE scormnaton wh «ly eer wet ou pt a whe? Would you — ‘to make any special arrangements for you Dear Se er Madam rank pl vers mich for you letter which T resend vpcterday. T wed the 10 go to Varcower, because T have rever been there. Ae 1 key that she weather in Canad is vey nee F strmertine, my preferred menth iy Stibemare, T wold the to engue wrether yoo cova let me have some mere fernation my prize, Fret of al ee Cairee: how mary lesen ih a week do ue have? Bed erly the moming of 9 the. aftemecn a el In ecettion to this. I wold ke to if my fignt to & cect ore or not My Seti concem my host family As Tam egetanan, T wai pefer to gon a fam uho Cocke tor ety neat doen Te tas poe 1 Yow far co tdernts dainty nave to -scnool? walk to T wold be grate iF yoy coda re aS SOCn as pocaitie. Nos faitnfaty Arerea Larasen B There isa grammatical misteke in word order (Who cooks not only meat dishes’) but she uses a wide range of structures accurately including the present perfect. The vocabulary is appropriate and there is clear paragraphing although the use of furthermore is not appropriate, All parts of the task are dealt with, The style is semi-formal and appropriate, and the letter shows a high level of ‘communicative achievernent. Band 52.4 Report (Part 2) | TASK ‘The principal of your school wants to make some changes to the school classrooms and has asked stucents fr ideas about what should be done to make the classrooms better places to study in. Write a report making suggestions for how the classrooms could be improved. Write your report. (You should write 140-190 words) Sample answer Infroduction This report is to suggest what we reed te make the classraems better in cur School 1 asked students for thew ideas Background situation What #5 need 40 be wside a good Schoo! classrooms is that they all have: all the equipment shidents might need starting from the essential Hangs like char, blackbeards, fishing with accessories like televisions Spear 3 certanly believe that two things need to start eur plan to mpreve the Scheel classraems, they are meney and goed maragement. My idea of impvoving the classrooms 1s to start with what we have ond See what reeds 40 be vepared and what bas to be Hwan away avd replaced with a new equipment and Some cemputers that the students might need also having a massive Nberrary is ene of the mere important things Heat s! request teabeg and air condihienng are vecessary to make the mn the classrooms cosy Perseral opinen In conclusion, the chance of having @ good classrooms locks easy from distance, m fact it n't, ond that we must try to Find the bolance bed bowing 0 Very goed Schoo! and nob Spending tao much ‘Comments This report makes some relevant points, but the styles more suitable foran essay than Itis not easy to identity the main suggestions because of problems with sentence linkin ‘punctuation, My idea of... isto start wth what we have s good. The problem is the sente appropratly used (eg, masse coy and there are some speling mistakes (eg repre ‘Ithas a generally satisfactory level of communicative achievement. Band 3 writingMfc 2.5 Article (Part 2) TASK You see this advertisement in an English language B magazine for young people. es WOE be lovely cxsoanas quand iavanbearitneds 4 bre to have a lot of . : mores, shoigh T Td love to have « q ‘mk money io not a perfect scktion OF cowae Write an article about something yout ret! However, T haa Diao aves would ke to hae, sing ae . & plenty of things whch T want tao. ‘would like to have it and what . Above all, T want to ; it would make to your life. ¢ because. Tt te study in other comes, . ished in : ® good chance to develop ‘The best article will be publi : abies. Tn this case, T don't need ta wary the magazine. : & o : phe . Se Reo eatin mg te can ere concentrate on a1 ‘Write your article, (You should write 140-190 words) aaa gg A long a T do Secondly I wodd ike to prepare a Sample answers fer my parents, thon they dent 224 to me at all T thet the work of electne seme A le 20 hard to contiwe at thee age e fafa: Therefore, T hope that I colt make, Vd love to have. ‘them relax and enjey Ye “a vies in englend to otvdy engich | otme rom On he other ti ee a da chert ete pe “ape Hse: you sen thera sally need is rot who are, seffering from lack of food, jhere by Aurpltves “The woot thig whch | really Anaeaieh Wath shahig ny ets es aurplane tickets, i's a Computer een eo Programme inich p me ‘those. People's I Yeo, | tno. Mast people's opm are Dine a5 me.I af sere them Tus get ceay se howe Hf 1 cae, the situation i alghtly dAterent, Im my conpters | could hive lols of digital photos. they remmd me nay Soretinesy money; can be used na bad waxy wevorcs of ry frendo a luptn and Uren wh | nthe Gree iene ieee Persad Wien Lact @ honest, Hey Hap me Lenn {eel Nat only For me, but T also gue an that I'm vot alone. Indeed, | could coment with my parent? to otters, ‘ppoctuny ted friends by emulo The fact thet we Wwe in Foreign fcauntnes 12 sonetines very ofrescful, tut 1 could consuit tO them wherever | ist, It’ tery comenent! Md wet 10 m4 Toreign Friendd 1s very good) writing practice, int 7 tudied abroad, | wovid recommend you to have & ee cmt wel Wil ake He zo mich emer fr 9e ‘Comments ‘A The language is informal: Yes, know, and Trust me! are more like spoken English although the style is also engaging, There are grammar mistakes( eg, a homesick, recommend you). The paragraphing is clear but the introduction is confusing because it includes inelevant all think. B There isa range of structure and vocabulary but there ate mistakes (eg. If!am a ich person, | willspend therm ‘on not only forme), dificult to understand what she says about her parents Although they didnt say to meat ). Paragraphs are nell planned but there ere ristakes with punctuation and linking words (eg. On the other band, Secondly). There is informal and inforrnal language (€.9. Ofcourse not!/therefoe) It has a satisfactory level of communicative achieverent, Band 3 information. The answer has a reasonably satisfactory level of communicative achievement. Band 3 192 Writing reference2.6 Review (Part 2) TASK Write a review jie a i cl ‘of recent years, Write a revi ‘We want to compile a list of the best-loved films us ; of your favourite fim, Include information on the plot, main characters, anything special about the film and why you would recommend this film to other film-goers. “The best review will be published in next month's edition of the magazine. ‘Write your review. (You should write 140-190 words) Sample answers . 8 T want to tel up abort a move eats dcesses | Wet aaa ; | Facute Fm i called IF only! 1 si thn fa Laer tnd anes Do ic Fn T beve ever seen)” {ts eet evan Troan cry n tre same te 9 hen Ietere pay, n fect, the arector'a prpast ws Toke & W's set in London and about a hard: businessman ond a lvely Yiclist Wan 5 too busy to td cave as Mana ponte of pecgiee We The move veh ve abort | 7.5, 00 ee he. crete of two aferent gerecations worned by the ee important How by ake iestny oF foo op and take, reir cexponctety (on the ore hand, there are thieny ypars old pote: = uh ‘nne weddng lke an mportant change of He bt , sad and cerove, therefore they are very frefered Of dang t, prefereng an affow with someone else 40 | but surprise 7 vate. her, but sadly he has tovng there cowye's (relems eee On tre other hana, fifty years lt people ere T have seen it § mes Uni T sa ecpteres of gfaurg 06 : was jst lve story with 5 et tis Tem focaccia a really vomarhe. fm The Pee ee be a bit artficial ond far-felc focus on character's feel tor the is theeno's ote es cir fel apes story, geat acters ard gaot daioges ar appreciate ber! farting ‘Utne Dect’ te realy erecesting rot born AF you fall in love or like: romonce enet Hh fl. + Yel Comments [A This review has some style problems and is not always B This is clearly organised and easy to follow Th easy 1 follow. On the one hand/On theother hand does and paragraphing are both generally appropriate not ink wel to two diferent generations There isa good writer has given her opinion, There is some i range of vocabulary (plusible pictur, taking esporsibiliy, vocabulary although some words are misuse0,6G) widespread situation) but some words are misused,eg. precept. The sentences are simple, but thete tooshouted. There are basic grammatical mistakes,eg. of structures including present perfect and ing form after prepositions (difficulty of grow up). The Mistakes do not usually impede communicati review only has a satisfactory level ofcommunicative _review generally has asat'sfactory level OF co achievernent, Band 3 achievernent. Band 3 Writing reference 193|_| WRITING REFERENCE 3 Marking guidelines Both Parts of the Writing paper carry equal marks. Here are same guidelines for assessment 194 Band | Content Organisation Language 5 | Allthe contents relevant. The text is well-organised | Uses a range of The eaderhas all the | straightforward and and coherent witha | vocabulary, including information they need, | complexideas effectively. | variety of connecting _| less common words, | words appropriately. Uses 2 ange of simple and complex grammatical forms with only occasional ‘Armin bands 3 and 5 Neatlyall the content is relevant. In general, the reader has all the information they need. Communicates straightforward ideas effectively The text is generally | well-organised and ‘coherent, with a variety of connecting words. Uses a range of everyday ‘vocabulary appropriately, There may be occasional ‘errors with less common, lees Uses a range of simple and complex grammatical forms. There may be some | errors, butthese donot | cause difficulty forthe reader | | ‘Amixof bands 1 and 3 1 Some of the content isitrelevant. Some information needed by the reader is omitted. Generally communicates straightforward ideas appropriately. The text is connected and coherent, using basic linking words. Uses everyday vocabulary generally appropriately, while occasionally overusing some wards, Uses simple grammatical forms witha good degree of control Errors are noticeable, but the meaning can still be Understood, | © | Thecontent istotally inelevant. The reader does not have the information they need Below band 1 Writing reference4 Guide to writing genres ‘The range of task types in Parts 1 and 2 of the Whiting Paper give you the chance to write in diferent styles and {for different purposes. Ths enables you to show 2 range of language across the paper and in Part 2 you can choose to write ina style you feel comfortable with, 4.) Part I Essay ‘An essay is written fora teacher or tutor. The purpose of an essay isto present an argument or point of view that the reader can easily identify and understand. You should answer the question provided in the task by discussing the two content points you are given and adding a new idea of your own. You should organise your essay into clear paragraphs with a new paragraph for each paint There should be an introduction to the topic in the ist paragraph and the essay should finish with an appropriate conclusion that rounds off the argument and sets out your point of view. The style will probably be semi-formal and ideas should be linked with appropriate words and phrases. 4.2 Part 2 Email/Letter ‘An informal or semi-formal etter oremailis written as a resgonse to part ofa letter or email provided in the task. “There may also be a situation you have to respond to, such 2a an advertisement fora job or course. The letter or email may be written to an English-speaking friend, a possible employer, a college principal oran editor of a newspaper cor magazine. It's important that you write in a consistent and appropriate style for the reader of yourletter or email, and that you include all the information required so that the reader is fully informed, Article Anarticle is usually written for an English language ‘magazine, newsletter or website on a topic of general interest to both the readers and the writer of the article. Inanarticle you may have to give examples to support an idea or comment on a topic The purpose of an article is to interest, entertain and engage the reader, and so you should try to use techniques to engage the reader such as thetorcal questions as well as a range of interesting language. Report ‘report is usually written fora teacher or principal ora fellow-member of a club or similar organisation. In a report you usually have to give factual information about a given situation and make suggestions or recommendations. about that situation. The purpose of reports to Give information to enable the reader to decide on a course of action. This means the information and recommendations in the report should be well-organised and expressed cleatly. It may be helpful to use headings and bullet points for recommendations, The introduction should include a summary of the purpose of the report, and the conclusion should highlight the recommended course of action Review ‘Areview is usvally written for an English language magazine, newspaper or website, Reviews may be about a film a book, a holiday, a product, a website, and so on, The purpose of a review is to inform the reader by describing something and giving a personal opinion about it in an interesting and engaging way. You should give a brief description ofthe film/book etc, and provide clear reasons for recommending it to others or not. itis important for you to describe well and explain your opinions clearly so the reader understands whether you are recommending the film, etc. or ner, and why. Writing reference& WRITING REFERENCE 5 Additional tasks with suggested plans 5.2 Letter (Part 2) 196 You should always plan your answer before you stat to write. In the exam you should allow time for this, and also for checking fr mistakes ater you have finished. Here are some tasks, and suggested plans, Read them to see how ‘the plan works with the task then try writing your own plan and answer 5.1 Essay (Part !) | Task In your English class you have been taking about students doing part-time jobs. Now your English teacher hhas asked you to write an essay. White an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your paint of view. TO Mary students do part-time obs. Is this a G00 idea? Notes Write about: 1 disadvantages 2 advantages eee — (your own idea) \Write your essay. (You should write 140-190 words) Plan Introduction Introduce the topic in a general way but don't give your ‘wn opinion, Paragraph 1 Describe possible disadvantages, eg, time, low pay. Paragraph 2 Describe possible advantages, eg. earning money for fees, work experience. Paragraph 3 ‘Add an extra point, eg. improved attitude to Iie, Conclusion Give your own opinion about whether a part-time job isa good idea or not Writing reference TASK You receive this letter from a travel company about a recent holiday you have had with them. We understand that you were dissatisfied ‘with the holiday you have recently taken «with our company, and we would like to find out what happened. Write to us explaining what the problems were, what your experiences were and what you would like us to do. Write a letter. (You should write 140-190 words) Plan Introduction Say when and where you were on holiday with the company. Paragraph 1 Describe the problems, eg location of hotel, extra costs for meals, evening activities. Paragraph 2 Explain your experiences eg. disappointment with holiday, extra expense. Paragraph 3 Say what you want the company to do.5.3 Article (Part 2) TASK ‘You see this advertisement in a local English language newspaper le fe Is ite better for young people now than it ‘was for our parents? What has improved? What is worse? Write us an article answering these ‘questions. We will publish the best articles in the newspaper. | le. (You should write 140-190 words) ‘Write yourar Plan Decide onatitle Introduction Introduce the topic generally — maybe with a rhetorical question Paragraph 1 Desctbe something that i bette, e9, technology, entertainment. Paragraph 2 Describe something that is worse, e.g. pollution, stress and pressure Conclusion Give your opinion, with an amusing or interesting ending, 5.4 Report (Part 2) TASK Your college principal wants to improve the land around: ‘the college butidings to make it more attractive for students, He has asked students to write a reoort on the ‘current situation, and make recommendations for using, the land. \Write your report, (You should write 140-190 words) Plan Introduction Explain the purpose of the report and who you interviewed Current situation Explain why the land is nat nice now, egit is overgrown, Suggestions ‘Make recommendations for the land based on student feedback 9.2 garden, sports pitches Conclusion Highlight the results of following your suggestions. 5.5 Review (Part 2 | TASK magazine BOOK REVIEWS WANTED Have you rod a book n which he main, HLA pauls tatresting? Waite wea eo te bok, explaining what mae the veulharactersonersting and why 300 ed Tews Tel whether yu would ecomsnend this book to ober peopl o not \Write your review. (You should write 140-190 words) Plan Introduction Introduce the book and the main character. Paragraph 1 Explain what makes the main character interesting and why you like them, Paragraph 2 Sum up the reasons you recommend the book to others, Conclusion Finish with an interesting or amusing concluding sentence Writing reference 1976 Discourse markers and linking words and phrases 6.1 Time sequencers Examples include before after ftera while eventually, ater, then, finally, as soon as a fst at last, when, while Jimmediately phoned the police. While was waiting for theen to arive, (watched the house. Atfirst, no one got out ofthe car, but efter a while the divers door opened. ‘And then | finally ound what was looking for 6.2 Listing points Examples incluce fist sy Fist ofal ro begin with secondly, thirdly, finally. ‘Ourhoiiday was spoiled, firstly because the hotel was ‘uncomfortable and secondly because the weather was bad. 6.3 Adding information/Emphasising points Examples include as well as (that), in adaltion (to), moreover, furterrore notony.. (outa. whatsmore on opoF that, to make matters worse, in fact, as. a matter of fact. The hotel vas miles from the beach. On top ofthat, the view from our bedroom window was terrible ‘Not only was the hote! miles from the beach, but the view from our bedroom window was terible too! {In fact, everyone is different when i comes to personal taste. 6.4 Giving examples Examples include for example, for instance, such as, {ke pop groups such as Take That ‘My town hasa lot of things for young people to do. For example, there are three cinemas. 6.5 Reasons, causes and results Examples include asa esutt, because, because of (this), $0, therefore, ‘have vsted Brain several times and, as a result, my English ‘squire good. By theend ofthe day, you havent managed to find anything that you lke, S0, you go home fustated. 6.6 Contrast but But links two contrasting ideas. itis not normally used at the beginning of the sentence. ‘Many people argue that TV is bad for you, but I disagree with this. 198 Writing reference WRITING REFERENCE however ‘However can come at the beginning or end ofa sentence. I must be separated off by commas. ‘The advert claimed that there were huge discounts for students, However, the discount was only five percent. ove teaveling. | dot enjoy long fights, however. although, even though, though ‘These expressions introduce a subordinate clause of contrast. the subordinate clause comes fis it's separated from the main clause by comma Although he practised every day, he didn't manage to improve. | walked home even though it took me two hours. NOTE though can be used after a comma at the end of a separate sentence that expresses something surprising, ‘We lived in the middle of city. We still had a large garden, though whereas, while + Whereas and while ae used to compare two things and show how they are different. She ikes football whereas | prefer tenis My sisters very ike my fate, while cake after my mother + Whiles also used in the same way as although, White computers areimportant, we shouldrt let therm rule ourlives. in spite of (the fact that), despite (the fact that) These expressions must be followed by @ noun or ing form. Despite slightly more formal than inspite of In spite of the fact that they ae expensive, many people want tobuydesigner clothes. Despite athe research that has been done, we stil havent found a cure for cancer. in fact, the fact of the matter is This is used when you are saying what the ‘teal’truth of a sitation is According to the brochure, the service is free for students. In fact, students are charged at the same rate as everyone else. On (the) one hand, These expressions are used discussion, (On the one hand,) i take the ob in Milan, Ii beable to go to the opera. On the other hand, take the job in Barcelona, ft beable 0 go tothe beach, - On the other hand, roduce opposite points in otherwise This is used to say what will happen if something else does not happen fist. You have to choose your holiday carefully Otherwise, you could be asappointed7 Academic language For the Writing paper itis important to use the correct style. IF you are writing an essay or report, it may be appropriate 10 use language thats academic. Hete ae some exernples of sentences using: 1 non-academic English, and 2 academic English 7.1 Nouns function 1 | donttknow what they wil use the new buldng for. 2. The function of the new building is unclear to me. area 1 This is something that we don't know much about. 2 This s an area that we know litle about role 1 An important way to improve people’ eating habits is by educating them, 2 Eclucation plays an important role in improving, people's eating habits source 1 We dorit know where this information comes from. 2 The souree ofthis information is not known. factor 1 If people are poor, they may commit crimesas a result 2 Poverty seems to be a key factor In many crimes. aspect 1 Ifyou are il that can affect different parts af yourlife. 2 I health may affect different aspects of your lie concept 1 Some people find it hard to understand the idea of climate warming, 2 Some people cannot grasp the concept of climate warring. feature 1 The new sports stadium isan important buliing in curcity 2 The new sports stadium isa major feature of our city, 7.2 Adjectives beneficial 1 The effects of the internet are notaall good for people who use it. 2 Notall the effects of the internet are beneficial to Its users varied 1 People replied to our question in lots of different ways 2 Many varied responses were given to our question significant 1 Technology is very important in people’ lives. 2 The effect of technology on people’ lives is very significant, financial 1 Often, young people don't have enough money. 2 Young people often suffer from financial problems specific 1 The speaker talked about the special problems that people around here have, 2 The speaker discussed the specific probblems affecting people lving in this area. sufficient 1 |hope there will be enough money from the government to finish the project, 2 | hope to have sufficient government funding ‘0 complete the project. 7.3 Verbs establish 1 They started the company in 1978. 2 The company was established in 1978, assess 1 They did esearch to find out how much long distance runners were affected by diet 2 Research was carried out to assess the effects of cist ‘on long-distance runners identify 1 We can see three big problems in the plans for a new carpark 2 Three major problems can be identified inthe plans fora new car park occur 1 Some bad flooding happened in places round the town. 2 Serious flooding oecurred in areas around the town, assume 1 The students think they can use the schoo! hall for the event. 2 The students assume they can use the school hall for the event. require 1 The main thing a mountain climber needs is a good head forheights. 2 The main thing required of a mountain climber is 2 good head for height. Writing reference 199