Data Analytics

Algorithms

Topic 4

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474

 Topic Outline

Unsupervised Machine Learning algorithms

Association Rules
Clustering
1. Partitioning
2. Hierarchical

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Baesens

 Introduction
Computers with the ability to learn without being explicitly
programmed.
Machine learning focuses on the development of computer
programs that can teach themselves to grow and change when
exposed to new data.

Machine
Learning

Unsupervised Supervised
Learning Learning
Used against data that has no Trained using labeled examples, such as
historical labels. an input where the desired output is
The system is not told the "right known.
answer." the correct results (targets) are known
and are given in input to the model
during the learning process.
Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Tech Target,
 Association Rules
Important notes:
The association rules are stochastic (random)
in nature, which means that they should not
be interpreted as a universal truth
Are characterized by statistical measures
quantifying the strength of association
The association rules measure correlational
associations and not a causal association

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Baesens

 Association Rules

Given a set of transaction, find the rules that

will predict the occurrence of an item based
on the occurrences of other items in the
transaction

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Baesens, Wikipedia

 Association Rules
In order to perform this, we are going to use an
algorithm called Apriori algorithm
It consists of 2 steps:
1. Generate frequent itemset
2. Generate the rule

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Baesens; Tan, Steinbach & Kumar
 Association Rules
So, how to calculate support?
Fraction of transactions that contain an itemset
(itemset)
s = # of transaction

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474 Source: Baesens; Tan, Steinbach & Kumar
 Association Rules

This is when we need also to calculate the confidence

level.
Confidence
Measures how often items Y appear in transactions that
contain X

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474

Sulfeeza Mohd Drus, CISB474