ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

CAUSE EFFECT PARAGRAPH

written by :

Haddiyatan Waasilah (0814113310

Nur Arifatul (0814113310
Rumantir Fitria (0814113310
Dyah Yayuk Afifah (0814113310
Rizki Nur Afifah (0814113310
Yunia Yayuk Suseno (081411331071)
Widya Ningrum Rahayu (081411333004)
Anggrahini Arum Nurpratiwi (081411333010)

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY

2017
 TEENAGE PREGNANCY

Nowadays, sex behavior among teenager has changed a lot. The trend of promiscuity
becomes a common thing for a group of teenagers. One of the bad effects of promiscuity is
teenage pregnancy. Generally, in developing countries, the teenage pregnancy rate is quite high.
According to adnkronos.com, unwanted pregnancy among teenagers is increasing by a rate of
between 150,000 and 200,000 cases in 9 major cities in Indonesia. Teenage pregnancy is a
serious issue that may affect the future of a young woman. There will be a challenge for them to
handle a pregnancy and motherhood. They may also experience some issues like medical,
psychological, and social issues.

Teenage pregnancy is a serious problem that can affect both the mother and the babys
health. It can cause a lot of problems such as miscarriage, premature labor, low birth weight
(LBW), disability, anemia, and high maternal mortality. Miscarriage at a young age can occur
inadvertently, for example, due to a shock, anxiety, and stress. Prematurity occurs due to the lack
of reproductive devices maturity, especially the uterus that is not ready for the pregnancy
process. Low birth weight (LBW) affected by lack of nutrition during pregnancy and lack of
maternal age. The congenital defect influenced by the lack of maternal knowledge about
pregnancy and low nutrient intake, less pregnancy check-up, and the unstable maternal
psychology. Maternal deaths during childbirth are mostly due to bleeding and infection. Bleeding
during labor caused by a weak uterine muscle in the involution process and the slow process of
blood coagulation. Therefore, all of these problems may cause high maternal mortality.

Teenage pregnancy can lead to many psychological issues to the teenager itself. Being a
mother at a young age requires considerable mental readiness. Mental stability and the ability to
control the emotions of a prospective mother are important factors to consider during pregnancy.
A teenager may experience an emotional crisis if she is pregnant and does not want her baby.
Uncertainty about the future may arise, as teenagers are pregnant. A teenager may feel she does
not have enough knowledge to be a mother. She may also have fears about how having a baby
will affect her life and her own dreams for the future. Adolescents may fall into depression while
trying to handle the emotions created by pregnancy and all possible negative feedback about
pregnancy from friends and family. Fluctuating hormones that cause pregnancy can also trigger
depression. This crisis can cause rash behavior such as trying to cancel the baby or suicide
attempts.

Teenage pregnancy leads to many social problems. Due to being pregnant during
adolescence, they will drop out of school and will not even go on to graduate from high school.
Therefore, they do not qualify for a proper job in future, which leads to increase unemployment.
Psychologically, young mothers considered immature to nurture and educate children.
Consequently, they cannot educate their children properly. Having a child during adolescence,
where these years truly clashes with development tasks, young mothers are unable to develop a
sense of self-identity because of their new role as a mother. Furthermore, the teen years are
essential for developing and discovering a relationship with others. Due to pregnancy, teenage
mothers eliminated from their friends and social groups. On the other hand, teenagers cannot
enjoy their teenage years.

Teenage pregnancy is a complicated modern phenomenon that requires the attention of

governmental and non-governmental organizations, psychologists, and parents. Furthermore, the
increasing of teenage pregnancy rate cannot be underestimated as well as its effects. Becoming
pregnant as a teenager leads to a number of health problems (such as miscarriage, premature
labor, low birth weight (LBW), disability, anemia, and high maternal mortality), psychological
problems (such as depression and suicidal attempts), as well as to social consequences, such as a
low quality of life, child abuse, and so on.