Electrical System

Topic:- 1)Aircraft Emergency Power Supply

2) Importance /Application Exterior Lights.

Aircraft Emergency Power Supply

POWER DISTRIBUSTION:-
(A) Main aircraft generator:- Through a generator control
breaker(GCU). Control by Generator Control Unit(GCU).

(B)Auxilliary Power Unit(APU):- Through APU-GCU Control by BPCU(Bus

Power Control Unit).

(C) Ground Power:- Through External Power Contractor(EPC).Controlled

by Ground Power Monitor.

(D)Backup Convertor:- Through Convertor Control

Breaker(CCb).Controlled By Supplied by a VSCF(Variable speed constant
Frequency).

(E)Ram Air Turbine(RAT):- An air Turbine use air stream to deliver

emergency hydraulic and electrical power.

(F)Battery:- To assist in DC system power transient. Provide power in

startup mode when no other power sources. Common types are Nickel-
Cadmium and Li-ion Batteries.
 Backup Power Generation
(A) RAM AIR Turbine (RAT):

RAT is the heart of an aircrafts emergency power system.

RAT deployment:-1) Manually (checking purpose)

2) Automatically (condition-:- 1) Both IDG failed.

2) Speed 100knot.)
 Mechanically Connected with Constant speed motor generator to generate
power and supply hydraulic and electrical system.

Give the 115v 400Hz 3phase Power until the landing gear is Extend with
Power rating usually 5Kva to 15Kva Depend on the aircraft.

Released into air-stream through a hatch in the aircraft fuselage and need 5
seconds for deployment.

After the extension of landing gear electrical supply will cut off and RAT only
supply power to the hydraulic system and supply to the electrical system will take
over by the battery which supply power rating 1Kva single phase.

Rat deployed or not and supply or not will appear in the ECAM page.
Emergency Rat panel in cockpit situated in Location:- 1) Barry ferry

2)Overhead panel.
(B)Backup Converters:- Using AC-DC-AC principle.

The same principle in VSCF.

Obtain power from backup VF generator and to provide electrical variable

frequency to VSCF.

Give constant frequency and the voltage output.

(C)Permanent Magnet generator :-

Provides critical power such as full authority digital engine control(FADEC).

Small power such as several hundred of Watts.

APU(Auxilliary Power Unit)

A compact, Self-contained unit to provides electrical power and
compressed air (for main engine starting) during period of aircraft ground
activity or in-flight if needed.
Consists of a small gas turbine engine with engine control, mountings and
enclosures.
 Installed in the tail cone of most aircrafts and isolated from flight critical
structure.
A battery, which is charged by the aircraft electrical system, is provides for
APU Starting.
Depending upon then aircraft , APU could drive one or two generators
which could supply all or most of the electrical load needed by the aircraft.
Before the power is connected to the electrical system, auxiliary generator
control unit(AGCU)monitor the power to ensure that it is at the proper
voltage and frequency.
No Thrust Gas Turbine Engine.
Constant speed generator.
Three Phase 115V 400Hz L-N.
No electrical Conversion Needed.

IMPORTANCE/APPLICATION OF EXTERIOR
AIRCRAFT LIGHTS

#Types Of Aircrafts Exterior/External Lights:-

(A)Anti-collision Lights:- Anti-Collision lights are flashings lights on the
top and bottom of the fuselage, wingtips and tail tip. Their purpose is to
alert others when something is happening that ground crew and other
aircraft need to be aware of, such as running engine or entering active
runways.

(B)Navigation Lights/Position Lights:- Navigation lights are red and

green lights fitted on the left and right wingtips or outermost left and
right points of an aircraft, and a white lights at the rearmost point.
Their purpose is to show other aircraft which direction the aircraft is
travelling while in flight.
(C)Landing Lights:- Landing light are bright white, forward and
downward facing lights on the front of an aircraft. Their purpose Is to
allow the pilot to see the landing area, and to allow ground crew to see
the approaching aircraft.

NOTE:-Historically, incandescent bulbs have been used to

provides light, however recently light-emitting diodes have
been used.