Crixie Pasoot

BSCS 3-C

Kinds of HDD :
1. IDE : Integrated Drive Electronics. IDE drives are also known as
PATA drives( Parallel advance technology attachment )
2. SATA : Serial advance technology attachment
3. SCSI : Small Computer System Interface. SCSI is pronounced as
scuzzy.
4. SAS : Serial Attached SCSI

DE / PATA (Integrated Drive Electronics Drive /

Parallel Advance Technology Attachment Drive)

IDE/PATA Drives have usually 40 pins.

IDE/PATA Drives offer 133 MB/sec transfer rate.
It sends 8 bit data at a time.
PATA Cables are used to connect PATA HDD. Two drives can be connected in a
single pata cable. One as master and other as slave. The configuration of master
and slave is done by different combination of jumpers in the hdd.
SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachment Drive)

SATA Drives have usually 7 pins, 4 pins in pair of two for sending and receiving
data and rest 3 pins are grounded.
SATA Drives offers generally 300MB/sec transfer rate.
It sends data bit by bit.
SATA Cables are used to connect SATA HDD. Only one drive can be connected in
a single sata cable.

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface Drive)

SCSI Drives have usually 50 to 68 pins.

SCSI Drive offers generally 640MB/sec transfer rate.
This drives are hot swappable.
SCSI cables are used to connect SCSI HDD. Maximum of 16 drives can be
connected in a single scsi cable. Each hdd have a 8 bytes hexadecimal code
known as WWN (worldwide name) for its identification in the cable.
 SAS(Serial Attached SCSI Drive)

SAS Drives generally offers 805 MB/sec transfer rate.

This drives are hot swappable.
SAS Cables are used to connect SAS Drives. Maximum of 128 drives can be
connected in a single sas cable.

1956 IBM 350, shipment of test disk drive to Zellerbach, SF CA, USA
1957 IBM 350, first production disk drive, 5 million characters (6-bit), equivalent to 3.75
megabytes.
1961 IBM 1301 Disk Storage Unit introduced with one head per surface and aerodynamic
flying heads, 28 million characters (6-bit) per module.
1961 Bryant Computer Products division of Ex-Cell-O, 1 meter platters, 1200 RPM, up to
205MB.
1962 IBM 1311 introduced removable disk packs containing 6 disks, storing 2 million
characters per pack
1964 IBM 2311 with 7.25 megabytes per disk pack
1964 IBM 2310 removable cartridge disk drive with 1.02 MB on one disk
1965 IBM 2314 with 11 disks and 29 MB per disk pack
1968 Memorex is first to ship an IBM-plug-compatible disk drive
1970 IBM 3330 Merlin, introduced error correction, 100 MB per disk pack
1973 IBM 3340 Winchester introduced removable sealed disk packs that included head
and arm assembly, 35 or 70 MB per pack
1973 CDC SMD announced and shipped, 40 MB disk pack
1976 1976 IBM 3350 "Madrid" 317.5 megabytes, eight 14" disks, re-introduction of disk
drive with fixed disk media
1979 IBM 3370 introduced thin film heads, 571 MB, non-removable
1979 1979 IBM 62PC "Piccolo" 64.5 megabytes, six 8" disks, first 8-inch HDD
1980 The IBM 3380 was the world's first gigabyte-capacity disk drive. Two 1.26 GB, head
disk assemblies (essentially two HDDs) were packaged in a cabinet the size of a
 refrigerator,[19] weighed 249 kg, and had a price tag of 40,000 USD which is 116,268 USD in
present-day terms.[20]
1980 ST-506 first 514 inch drive released with capacity of 5 megabytes, cost $1500 USD
1982 HP 7935 404 megabyte, 7 platter hard drive for minicomputers, HP-IB bus, $27,000
1983 RO351/RO352 first 312 inch drive released with capacity of 10 megabytes[21]
1986 Standardization of SCSI
1988 PrairieTek 220 20 megabytes, two 2.5" disks, first 2.5 inch HDD
1989 Jimmy Zhu and H. Neal Bertram from UCSD proposed exchange decoupled
granular microstructure for thin film disk storage media, still used today.
1990 1990 IBM 0681 "Redwing" 857 megabytes, twelve 5.25" disks. First HDD
with PRML Technology (Digital Read Channel with 'partial response maximum likelihood'
algorithm).
1991 IBM 0663 "Corsair" 1,004 megabytes, eight 3.5" disks; first HDD using magneto-
resistive heads
1991 Integral Peripherals 1820 "Mustang" 21.4 megabytes, one 1.8" disk, first 1.8-inch
HDD[22]
1992 HP Kitty hawk 20MB, first 1.3-inch hard-disk drive
1993 IBM 3390 model 9, the last Single Large Expensive Disk drive announced by IBM
1994 IBM introduces Laser Textured Landing Zones (LZT)
1997 IBM Desk star 16GP "Titan" 16,800 megabytes, five 3.5" disks; first (Giant
Magnetoresistance) heads
1997 Seagate introduces the first hard drive with fluid bearings[23]
1998 UltraDMA/33 and ATAPI standardized
1999 IBM releases the Microdrive in 170 MB and 340 MB capacities
2002 (Parallel) ATA breaks 137 GB (128 GiB) addressing space barrier
2003 Serial ATA introduced
2003 IBM sells disk drive division to Hitachi
2004 MK2001MTN first 0.85-inch drive released by Toshiba with capacity of 2
gigabytes[22]
2005 First 500 GB hard drive shipping (Hitachi GST)
2005 Serial ATA 3 Gbit/s standardized
2005 Seagate introduces Tunnel MagnetoResistive Read Sensor (TMR) and Thermal
Spacing Control
2005 Introduction of faster SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)
2005 First perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) HDD shipped: Toshiba 1.8-inch
40/80 GB[24]
2006 First 750 GB hard drive (Seagate)
2006 First 200 GB 2.5" hard drive utilizing perpendicular recording (Toshiba)
2006 Fujitsu develops heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) that could one day
achieve one terabit per square inch densities[25]
2007 First 1 terabyte[26] hard drive[27] (Hitachi GST)
2008 First 1.5 terabyte[26] hard drive[28] (Seagate)
2009 First 2.0 terabyte hard drive[29] (Western Digital)
2010 First 3.0 terabyte hard drive[30][31] (Seagate, Western Digital)
2010 First hard drive manufactured by using the Advanced Format of 4,096 bytes a block
("4K") instead of 512 bytes a block[32]
2011 First 4.0 terabyte hard drive[33] (Seagate)
 2011 Floods hit many hard drive factories. Predictions of a worldwide shortage of hard
disk drives cause prices to double.[34][35][36]
2012 Western Digital announces the first 2.5-inch, 5 mm thick drive, and the first 2.5-inch,
7 mm thick drive with two platters[37] (Western Digital)
2012 HGST announces helium-filled hard disk drives, promising cooler operation and the
ability to increase the maximum number of platters from five to seven in the 3.5" form
factor[38] (Hitachi GST)
2012 TDK demonstrates 2 TB on a single 3.5-inch platter[39]
2012 Hitachi Global Storage Technologies and Western Digital merge to one hard drive
manufacturer. To ensure actual competition on the hard drive market after the merging, the
U.S. Federal Trade Commission requires that Western Digital and Hitachi GST give assets
and intellectual property rights to Toshiba.[40] This allows Toshiba to re-enter the 3.5"
desktop hard disk drive market with capacities up to 3 TB.[41] Prior to this, Toshiba had only
manufactured 2.5" laptop HDDs for many years.
2013 Seagate announces that it will ship hard disk drives with capacities up to 5 TB
using shingled magnetic recording (SMR), a method where tracks are written to partially
overlap each other. The read head, being smaller, can still read the overlapped tracks.[42]
2013 HGST announces a helium-filled 6 TB hard disk drive for enterprise applications[43]
2013 Western Digital demonstrates heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR)
technology[44][45][46][47]
2014 Seagate introduces 6 TB hard drives that do not use helium, in turn increasing their
power consumption and lowering their overall cost[48]
2014 Seagate ships world's first 8 TB hard drives[49]
2015 In June HGST ships Ultra star Archive Ha10 SMR HDD, the world's first 10 TB
HDD[50] followed in December by a conventional PMR HDD[51]
2017 12 TB Helium-based HDD available from Western Digital.[52]