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2009;16(3):231-4
Artculo especial
Tipo A (GERAADA)
de la Aorta y Ciruga Vascular Intervencionista de la Sociedad
Alemana de Ciruga Torcica y Cardiovascular (GSTCVS)
La diseccin aguda de aorta tipo A es una German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A
enfermedad grave de obligado tratamiento qui- (GERAADA)
rrgico. El tratamiento quirrgico tiene morbi-
mortalidad elevada. No hay acuerdo general Acute aortic dissection type A (AADA) is a life-
acerca de la mejor forma de tratamiento. Para threatening disease requiring surgical treatment,
obtener informacin que permita definir las me- which carries significant morbidity and mortali-
jores estrategias operatorias y de manejo global, ty. There is no general agreement as to which are
el Grupo de Trabajo de Ciruga de la Aorta y the best operative strategies and of peri-operative
Ciruga Vascular Intervencionista de la Sociedad management. To obtain information allowing de-
Alemana de Ciruga Torcica y Cardiovascular fining the best strategies, the Working Group
(GSTCVS) cre el Registro Alemn de la Disec- for Aortic Surgery and Interventional Vascular
cin Aguda Tipo A (GERAADA). Desde 2006, 44 Surgery of the German Society for Thoracic and
centros han incluido 1.610 casos, con informacin Cardiovascular Surgery (GSTCVS) established
completa en 1.558. La mortalidad a 30 das ha the German Registry for Acute Dissection Type A
sido del 16% y la tasa de accidentes neurolgicos (GERAADA). Since 2006, 44 centres have enrolled
del 10%. Tras la experiencia inicial con el registro, 1,610 cases with complete information in 1,558.
se desea desarrollar un Registro Europeo de las 30-day mortality is 16% and the rate of neuro-
Enfermedades de la Aorta (European Registry for logical events, 10%. Following the initial experi-
Aortic Diseases [EuRADa]) bajo los auspicios del ence with the registry, there is a project to de-
Vascular Domain de la European Association for velop a European Registry for Aortic Diseases
Cardiothoracic Surgery (EACTS). (EuRADa), sponsored by the Vascular Domain
of the European Association for Cardiothoracic
Surgery (EACTS).
Palabras clave: Aorta. Ciruga. Diseccin de aorta. Key words: Aorta. Surgery. Aortic dissection.
Registro. Registry.
La diseccin de aorta tipo A es una enfermedad quirrgico proviene de estudios retrospectivos de ins-
grave que requiere tratamiento quirrgico de urgencia. tituciones individuales. Existe escaso conocimiento
La ciruga por diseccin aguda de aorta tipo A se acerca de la mejor manera de tratar a este tipo de
asocia con tasas significativas de mortalidad y morbi- pacientes de elevada complejidad. El acuerdo general
lidad. La mayora de la informacin disponible hasta es que se trata de una enfermedad quirrgica de inter-
el momento sobre manejo perioperatorio y tratamiento vencin inmediata.
Correspondencia:
Ernst Weigang
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
Langenbeckstrae, 1
55131 Mainz, Alemania Recibido: 1 de octubre de 2009
E-mail: ernst.weigang@web.de Aceptado: 15 de octubre de 2009
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232 Ciruga Cardiovascular, vol. 16, Nm. 3/2009
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Ernst Weigang: Registro Alemn de la Diseccin Aguda de Aorta Tipo A (GERAADA) 233
Surgery for acute type A aortic dissection is associated with is best in which patient remains an individual decision,
significant morbidity and mortality rates. Most of the in- considering the underlying aortic pathology and the ex-
formation available on the peri-operative management and tent of AADA, and each patients comorbidities and ana-
surgical treatment of these patients concerns retrospective tomic circumstances. Furthermore, the technical facility
single-centre experience. There is too little knowledge in each cardiac center, and the staffs experience concerning
about how to manage and treat these patients best. The the operative strategies play an key role in the competent
only aspect all seem to agree upon is the need for surgery. management of patients with AADA. Prospective analy-
The GERAADA was initiated by the Working Group ses are required to support future evidence-based individ-
for Aortic Surgery and Interventional Vascular Surgery ual decisions regarding the best-possible operative strategies
of the GSTCVS in July 2006. This web-based database and peri-operative management.
was developed to record peri-operative and follow-up In the beginning, 33 cardiac centers participated via
data on patients who had undergone surgery for acute online access to the registry on the GSTCVS homepage
type A aortic dissections. From analyzing the data, we (Fig. 1). Since then, centers from Germany, Switzerland
aim to learn how to improve surgical treatment and peri- and Austria have begun entering data concerning pre-
operative management. We also aimed to identify risk- and intra-operative status of the patients, post-operative
score parameters affecting patient outcome. complications, mid-term results and circumstances of
To improve peri-operative management, lots of data death. Over a three-year period, 44 centres entered data
must be collected which can affect the patients outcome. on 1.610 patients. Data were complete and evaluated in
To analyze the underlying pathology, we collected etio- 1.558 cases. Overall 30-day- mortality rate was 16%. New
logical data concerning the dissection (e.g. atherosclero- postoperative neurological events occur in 10% of all
sis, genetic, iatrogenic, systemic arterial hypertension, patients. These first three years have led to the largest
inflammatory or aneurysm/ectasia). Most of the cardiac registry for acute type A aortic dissection worldwide.
centers use different operative and neuroprotective strat- After analysing the data we can perceive initial trends,
egies. In accordance with the literature, the most effective and this information is made available to all the par-
neuroprotective modalities are hypothermia and ante- ticipating centres. All will benefit from this analysed data
grade, selective perfusion of the brain. Which of these by optimising their treatment regimes for patients with
applied techniques and its combinations achieve the best acute type A aortic dissection.
neurological outcome? How deep should hypothermia After successful presentation of our initial experience
be? These questions remain unanswered. Various can- with GERAADA at national and international meetings,
nulation and perfusion techniques such as retrograde per- the wish to develop a EuRADa has been expressed. This
fusion through the femoral artery, selective antegrade European database should collect parameters addressing
cerebral perfusion via the subclavian or axillary artery, all aortic diseases (dissection type A and B, aneurysms,
innominate or carotid artery or antegrade perfusion via perforating ulcer [PAU], intramural wall hematoma [IMH],
direct true lumen cannulation of the ascending aorta or traumatic aortic ruptures etc.) and about all potential
aortic arch are possible alternatives applied in the par- treatment strategies (medical treatment, open surgical,
ticipating cardiac centers. Which parameters influence the endovascular). In several discussions with leading mem-
initial, mid- and long-term survival of the patients? What bers of different national and European societies, a
are the predictors that may determine patient survival? common declaration of intent was drafted under the
These additional questions remain unanswered as well. leadership of the Vascular Domain of the EACTS to
Even recent studies cannot definitively define the start a Europe-wide registry for aortic diseases.
best possible surgical treatment, because most of these
published retrospective investigations have described sin-
gle-center experiences. There are a variety of operative En nombre del Grupo
techniques available: supracoronary replacement of de Estudio GERAADA
ascending aorta, valve-sparing procedures (David-reim-
plantation and Yacoub-remodelling technique), extending Universittsklinikum Frankfurt, Abteilung fr Tho-
procedures of aortic arch and descending aorta (e.g. par- rax-, Herz- und Thorakale Gefchirurgie, Frankfurt am
tial, hemi or total aortic arch replacement, elephant-trunk, Main, Germany, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Klinik fr Herz-
frozen elephant trunk and reconstruction of the aortic valve chirurgie, Leipzig, Germany, Universitres Herz- und
or implantation of a composite graft). Due to the low Kreislaufzentrum Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Abteilung
level of evidence of the available studies, a closing rec- fr Herz- und Gefchirurgie, Freiburg, Germany, In-
ommendation for the choice of a certain operative strat- selspital Bern, Universittsklinik fr Herz- und Ge-
egy cannot be made. The decision as to which technique fsschirurgie, Bern, Switzerland, Universittsklinikum
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