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Adoption

of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in India: Perspectives


Adoption of Building Infrastructure Modeling in India
of Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) firms.
Gagan Ratan Koduri & Suhas Prabhudev Nagavalli | gkoduri@gmu.edu & sprabhud@gmu.edu
Civil & infrastructure Engineering | George Mason University

INTRODUCTION BARRIERS FOR ADOPTION OF BIM IN BENEFITS OF BIM ADOPTION


Building Information Modeling is 3D model-based process that describes tools,
processes, and technologies that are facilitated by digital machine - readable INDIA Effective Time
documentation which gives architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry Lack of organizational support: Some organizations believe that cost of BIM Management
the insights about a building, its performance, its operation and tools to more implementation is beyond their project budget. The software bundles which are
efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure. used to develop BIM are high and also subscription are also high for Indian
The construction industry is the second largest contributor towards Indias GDP and standards (Chougule N. S, Konnur B. A, 2015).
the current situation of the market is relatively slow when compared to the other Lack of Governmental support: Lack of support and incentives from the
countries. But it is expected to rise within a year and the adoption of newer governmental organization (Rogers J, Chong HY, Preece C,2015). Also,
technologies with skilled work force will be on the rise. unavailability of standard codes for BIM usage and absence of making BIM
The application BIM for construction has received different levels of acceptance in mandatory for public construction projects. It is because that if BIM is required
different countries. In the case of developing countries like India, the level of adoption for a project design, the fees are substantially increased as the time and effort Benefits
of BIM in construction is not too high, but it has been evolving rapidly. Aarti Nanajkar spent by the designers will be more and also difficult to change the client
and Zhili Gao (2014) writes that the main reason for not using BIM in India is the lack thoughts on this process (Chan C T, 2014).
of BIM
of organizational support, lack of governmental support, lack of skilled labor and legal Lack of Skilled labors: Adoption of BIM requires several fundamental changes
issues. within the team/organization adding change in skill set of employees (Sawhney
Thus, the purpose of this paper is to explore the overview and adoption of BIM in the A, Singhal P,2013). For the training of employees, organization need to spend
Indian construction industry, with its objectives first, to determine the barriers for time and money which in turn creates dilemma for the adoption. Although the
adoption of BIM in India and second to determine to determine the benefits of BIM majority of firms/Organization are in need of BIM, there are some who do not
adoption and how successful was it in other countries. know much about this technology as a whole. In countries like India there has
been a note-worthy lack of qualified in-house staff and absence of BIM
Safety Emission
Management Management
education or training which turned out to be the crucial barrier for its adoption.
Legal issues: For a developing country like India the main challenge is to
determine the ownership of BIM data (Dariusz Walasek, Arkadiusz Barszcz,
8% Use BIM
2016) and how to protect it through copyright and other laws. When there are
Figure 3 shows the benefits of BIM implementation in brief.
22% multiple models specified by the BIM documentation, the teams/parties should
decide and indicate which model takes priority in the event of conflict based on
Aware of BIM and Considering to
use
the information contained in each of the models. DISCUSSION
43% The article is done according to Indian AEC firms consideration of BIM adoption and
suggestions are based on this. As per the research Indian AEC has a fewer BIM users and
27% Aware of BIM, but not sure about Lack of organization Lack of government people who want to adopt is less. This situation can be overcome by government taking
implementing
Support Support initiative and providing the required infrastructure in the form of subsidized programs and
bear higher cost of software that are used in the BIM development for smaller companies.
Not aware of BIM lack of skilled engineers, employees can be overcome by initializing specialized training
programs for the BIM usage and rapid adaptation can be observed by the involvement of
government and making BIM implementation compulsory. The legal issues encountered can
be overcome by implementing a program for proper documentation and data interpretation
Figure 1 shows the Current state of BIM adoption in India related to BIM. with the substantial outcome from BIM implementation internationally,
(Sawhney, A., & Singhal, P., 2013) India seems to be a promising new domain geographically for BIM with a lot of things to
Barriers for Adoption of learn and experience from the research in such a growing economy.

BIM in India
CURRENT STATE OF BIM IN INDIA REFERENCES
Chougule, N. S., & Konnur, B. A. (2015). A Review of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Construction Industry. International
The use/adaption of BIM in India is also being varied based on the projects. For Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Issue, 4.
example, some projects use BIM only for improvement of 3D visualization, other firms Bui, N., Merschbrock, C., & Munkvold, B. E. (2016). A review of Building Information Modelling for construction in developing
countries. Procedia Engineering, 164, 487-494.Rogers, J., Chong, H. Y., & Preece, C. (2015). Adoption of building information
may use BIM for easy data management and some others may be utilizing BIM to modelling technology (BIM) perspectives from Malaysian engineering consulting services firms. Engineering, Construction and
satisfy the owners demands. According to the survey done by Royal Institution of Architectural Management, 22(4), 424-445.
Chartered Surveyors (RICS) school of built environment and KPMG it was found that Doumbouya, L., Gao, G., & Guan, C. (2016). Adoption of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) for construction project
effectiveness: The review of BIM benefits. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 4(3), 74-79.
22% of respondent currently use BIM, 27% reported that they are aware and Azhar, S. (2011). Building information modeling (BIM): Trends, benefits, risks, and challenges for the AEC industry. Leadership
considering for the adoption of BIM, 43% claim to be aware but are not ready to
implement it and 8% are not all aware of BIM. (Sawhney A, Kapoor A, Kamthan S,
Lack of skilled Labor Legal Issues and management in engineering, 11(3), 241-252.
Martnez-Aires, M. D., Lpez-Alonso, M., & Martnez-Rojas, M. (2018). Building information modeling and safety management: A
systematic review. Safety Science, 101, 11-18.
Agarwal N, Bhakre P, Jain S, 2014). BIM is largely in its experimentation phase in Chan, C. T. (2014). Barriers of implementing BIM in construction industry from the designers perspective: a Hong Kong
experience. Journal of System and Management Sciences, 4(2), 24-40.
India as compared to the developed world especially when the maturity and level Sawhney, A., & Singhal, P. (2013). Drivers and barriers to the use of building information modelling in India. International Journal
Figure 2 shows the barriers faced for BIM implementation.
of implementation are taken into account. of 3-D Information Modeling (IJ3DIM), 2(3), 46-63.

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