Page |1

24 YEARS
PAST
PAPERS
IN ACCORDANCE
WITH
THE EXERCISE

XI-Mathematics

FROM THE DESK OF: FAIZAN AHMED

SUBJECT SPECIALIST
SKYPE NAME: ncrfaizan
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CHAPTER # 01 SETS
Exercise: 1.1
Let U = {0, 1, 2, 3} , A = {0, 1} , B = {1, 2} , C = {2, 3}. 1991
Prove that: A x (BUC) = (AxB) U (AxC)
If A = {2, 3}, B = {3, 4} and C = {4, 5} prove that A x (BC) = (AxB) (A x C). 1992
If U = {1, 2, . . . ,6} , A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5} and C = {2, 4, 6}, find (A C) 1994
and verify that: A B A A U B
State De Morgans law and verify it when A={3,4}, B={3,4} and U={1,2,3,4,5} 1995,2002
Verify the property A x (B U C) = (A x B) U (A x C) in the following sets:
A = {a, b} , B = {b, c} C = {c, d} 1997 A = {0, 2, 4}, B = {1, 2} and C = {3, 1998
4}
U = {0, 1, 2, 3} , A = {0, 1} , B = {1, 2} , C = {2, 3} 1991
Let U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}; A = {1, 2, 3, 4} , B = {1, 3, 4, 5}. 1999
Show that (A B) = A U B
Let U = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, A = {2, 3} , B = {3, 4}, C = {5, 6}. Show that (B C) = B 2000
If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and A = {2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, C = {4, 5}. Find (A x B) (A x C) 2001
If A = {2, 3}, B = {3, 4} , C = {c, f} and U = {2, 3, 4, c, f}, find (A x B) U (A x C) 2003
and B A
If A = {1, 2, 4, }, B = {2, 3, 4}, U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} find (A U B) and (A A). 2004
If A and B are the subsets of the universal set U, then prove that 2005
A U B = A U (A B).
If A and B are the subsets of a set U, then prove that AB = A(A, B) 2006
If U = {a,b,c,d,e} , A = {a,b,c}, B = {b,c,d}; find (AB). 2007
If A = {2,3}, C = {4,5}, find A x (B U C) 2008

CHAPTER # 02 SET OF REAL AND COMPLEX

NUMBER SYSTEM
Exercise: 2.1

Exercise: 2.2
Q.2 Find the additive and multiplicative inverse of:
(, ) 1995 1998 (, ) 2000 , 2003 , 2008
Q.2 Define modulus and the conjugate of complex number = + , where 2001
+
= . If = , then show that . = .

Q.3 Solve the complex equation:
(i) , , = , 2002,2004 (ii) + = 1991,2011
, , = ,
(iii) + = 1998,2005 2000,2007,2010,2015
Q.5(i) If = + , = then evaluate . 2003,2007,2008
Q.5(ii),(iii) If = + , = , evaluate: (i) 1994
(ii)
Q.8(i) Show that is a real number. 1995
Q.9 Show that = satisfies the equation + = . 1992
E.g. Pg29 If = , , then show that . = 2006
E.g. Pg30 Prove that: . = , where , are the complex numbers. 1997,1993,2004
1999
Prove that
, is the multiplicative inverse of (, ).
Express + = in terms of conjugate co-ordinates. 1991,2008
 Page |3

Divide ( + ) by ( ). 1999
Multiply:
, . , 1992 ( , ) by (, ) 1999 2006
, +
, + = (1,0)

Exercise: 2.3
Q.2(iii) Is there a complex number whose additive and multiplicative inverse are equal? 1998
Q.3 Separate into real and imaginary parts:
+ + 2000 (+) 1996 + 2002 + 2003
and hence find +

+ 2007 ( + ) 2008

+=
2016
+ 2001
Verify that: + =
+

CHAPTER # 03 EQUATIONS

Exercise: 3.1
Q.2 Find the value of k by synthetic division method so that ( ) is a factor of P(x) 1997
where = + + + .
Q.2 For what value of k will ( + ) be a factor of + + ? 2004

Exercise: 3.2

Exercise: 3.3
Q.1 Show that all cube roots of -27 are , , , where and are the 2001,2006
complex cube roots of unity.
E.g.03 Prove that the cube roots of are , , and their sum is zero. 2015
Pg 51 (where being the complex cube roots of unity)
Q.3(i) 1993
+
Show that:
+
+=

Q.2(iv) If , , are the cube roots of unity, prove that: + = +
2010

Show that: + + = where is the cube root of unity and = 2000

Prove that: + + = , where is a complex cube root of unity. 2003

Exercise: 3.4
Solve:

Q.12 + + + = 1991,1992, + 2013
1992
+ +
=
+
Q.14 + + + + = 1997 + = 2008
+
Q.17 + + + + = 2012 + 2016
+
+
=
Q.18 ( ) ( ) ( + ) ( + ) = 2004 + + + =
2014
Q.19 + + + = 1999 2015
+
= +
1994,2011 2005
+ =
+ + =

+
= 1995 = 2006


=a 1996
 Page |4

Exercise: 3.5

Q.2 If the equation + ( + ) + + = has equal roots, find the value of a. 1995
Q.2 For what values of k will the equation have equal roots?
+ + + = 2002,2012
+ + + + + = 2009,2014

Q.3(i) Prove that the roots o, the equation + + = are real. 2007,2013,2015

Q.8 For what values of p and q will both the roots of the equation 1991,2016
+ ( ) = + vanish?

Exercise: 3.6
Q.2 If , are the roots of the equation + + = ; , find the value of 2010
+ .
Q.3 If , are the roots of the equation + + = ; , 2013

Prove that:
+
+
=
Q.4 Form an equation whose roots are + . 1994
Q.5 Find the condition that one root of the equation + + = , ; may be:
(ii) Be square of the other 1994 Double of the other 1995,2005

Q.6 Find k if one root of + + = is zero. 2006
Q.9 If , are the roots of + + = , ; form the equation whose roots are:
1992,1997 1993
+ and +

and

+ and

+
1998 and 2001,2013


and
2002,2014 and 2004,2007

+ + 2009 2012,2015
and and

+ and + 2016

Q.9 If , are the roots of x2 3x + 1 = 0, find the equation whose roots are: 1996
+ + and + +
Q.9 If , are the roots of the equation + = , form the equation whose 2000,2011
roots are + and .
Q.11 Find the equation whose roots are reciprocal of the roots of x2 6x + 8 = 0. 2008

Exercise: 3.8
Old The sum of the circumferences of two circles is 24 meters and the sum of their 1991,2001
book areas is square meters. What are the radii of the circles?
Solve:
Q.1 3x + 2y = 7, 3x2 2y2 = 25 1998,2012 x y 5 = 0, x2 + 2xy + y2 = 9 2000
Q.2 + = , + = 2016 x2 + y2 = 169, x y 13 = 0 2002

Q.3 4x + 3y = 25, + =2 2009 + = , = 2015

Q.4 1993,2005 + = 2007

+ = , + =
2008,2010
+ =
Q.6 2x2 + y2 = 13, 1999 + = 1991
2 2 =
5x 2y = -8
Q.8 x2 + y2 = 25, 2013 + = 2014
(4x 3y)(x y 5)=0
 Page |5

+ =
Q.10 12x2 25xy + 12y2 = 0, 2003
x2 + y2 = 25
Q.11 + = = 2004

CHAPTER # 04
MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
Exercise: 4.1
Q.4(ix) 1992
If = , C= . Then compute .

Q.6 2009
Verify that: =

Q.10 2006
If possible, find the matrix X such that: . =

Q.11 2001,2004,

Solve for x : = 2007,2009,

2016
Q.12 + 2013,2015
Find , , and so that = +
+
Q.13 2002
Perform the Matrix multiplication:

Q.14(iii) 1991
Verify that: = , where: A= and =

Q.18 1994,2008
What is a null matrix? Prove that: + = ,

Where is a complex cube root of unity.
1996
If A= , Find KA and K|A| where k=2.

Define the following terms: (i) Transpose of a matrix (ii) Diagonal matrix 2001
(iii) Scalar matrix (iv) Unit matrix
2003
If A = ,B= , where i = . Verify that A2 = B2 = I2

Exercise: 4.2
Using the properties of the determinants, solve for :
+ 1994 2002,

+ = 0 = 2004
+
Using the properties of determinants, evaluate the determinant:
+ + 1993 + + + 1996
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ 2008,2012 1997
+ = + 2014,2016 2000
+

 Page |6

1998 + 2015
= 2003 +
+
2001 2010
= =


+ + 2005 2011
=
+ +
+ +
2007
= ( ) ( ) ( ) 2013

E.g. 04 1995
Pg 115 Evaluate:

Exercise: 4.3
Q.2 Define a Singular Matrix. Find the value of for which the following matrix becomes Singular:
1997 2014


Q.4(i) 1995
If A = , then verify that . ( ) = ||

2004
Find the Adjoint of the matrix A =

Exercise: 4.4
Q.1 Find the inverse of the Matrix by Adjoint method/ Matrix Method/ Inverse Method:
1999,2008 2013
= =

2007
=

Solve by matrix method/ Adjoint Method/ Inverse Method.
Q.5(vii) + = , 2009,2012,2015 + + = , 1998
+ = , = ,
+= =
+ + = , 1991,2000 2x y + 2z = 4, 2002,2006,2010
+ = , x + 10y 3z = 10,
+ + = xyz = 6
2x1 x2 +2x3 = 4, 1993 + + = , 2016
x1 +10x2 3x3 =10, + = ,
x1+x2+x3 = -6 + =
Solve the following system of equations by Cramers Rule: 2014
+ = , + = , + =

CHAPTER # 05 GROUPS
Exercise: 5.1
Q.3 Let S={A,B,C,D}, where A={1}, B={1,2}, C={1,2,3} and D= . Construct the 1993,2013
 Page |7

multiplication Table to show that and are binary operation on S.

Q.5 If = , , , , construct the multiplication for complex numbers 2003,2007,2010,
multiplication () in A, also show that () is commutative in A. 2011,2014,2015
Q.9 Define a binary operation () in Q, by = . , where (. ) Represents 1997,2002
ordinary multiplication. Also show that:
(a) () is commutative.
(b) () is associative.

(c) is the identity element under ().

(d) is the inverse element of under ().
Q.10 Let = {, , }, where is a complex cube root of unity. Construct a 1991,1992,1994,
composition table w.r.t. multiplication on C and show that: 1998,2004,2012,
(a) Associative law holds 2013
(b) 1 is the identity element in S
(c) Each element of S has an inverse in S
Q.10 Using the multiplication table, find whether is a binary operation on 2006
= {, , }?
Q.11 Let A = {0, 1, 2, 4}, Define = , , . Construct the multiplication 1996
table for in A.
Q.12 Let be defined in by = + + , hence show that: 2001
(i) is associative
(ii) Identity with respect to exists in .
(iii) Every element of has an inverse under in ; where is the set of
integers.
Q.12 Let be defined in Z, the set of all integers, as = + + . Show that: 2009, 2016
(a) is commutative and associative.
(b) Identity w.r.t. * exists in .
(c) Every element of has an inverse w.r.t. .
Let us define a binary operation in the set of rational numbers Q by 2000
= for , . Prove that is associative and commutative.

Also, verify that is identity element and is the inverse element of under .

Exercise: 5.2

Exercise: 5.3
Q.6 Show that (,) is a group if is defined in by = , , . 1999
Q.7 1997
Show that the set of all the matrices of the form , is a real

number form an abelian group w.r.t. multiplication of matrices.
E.g.02 T is the set of real number of the form + , where , and a, b are 2008
Pg 151 not simultaneously zero. Show that (T, ) is a group where is an ordinary
multiplication.
E.g.01 Show that = {, , , } forms a finite abelian group under usual 2005
Pg 150 multiplication of complex numbers.
State whether the following are True or False. Given reasons. Is (,) a group 1995
where is defined by = , , .

CHAPTER # 06 SEQUENCES AND SERIES

Exercise: 6.1
Q.11 Show that the sum of the (p + q) term and (p q)th term of an A.P. is equal to twice
th
2009
the pth term.
 Page |8

Exercise: 6.2
Q.4 +++ . . . 2014
If +++ . . .
= . , .
Q.5 If the sum of 8 terms of an A.P. is 64 and the sum of its 19 terms is 361, find the sum 2010
of 31 terms of the A.P.
Q.5 If the sum of 8 terms of an A.P. is 64 and the sum of its 19 terms is 361, find the 9 th 2014
term.
Q.6 Find the sum to 20 terms of an A.P whose 4th term is 7 and the 7th term is 13. 1991,2003,2011,
2012
Q.8(ii) How many terms of the sequence -9, -6, -3 .. must be taken for the sum of the 1997
terms to be 66?
Q.9 Find the sum of all natural numbers between 250 and 1000 which are exactly divisible 2001
by 7.
Q.10 Find the sum of all natural numbers between 1 and 100 which are not exactly 2005
divisible by 2 or 3.
Q.11 Find the sum of 15 terms of an A.P whose middle term is 42. 1999
Q.11 Find the sum of an A.P. of 17 terms whose middle term is 5. 2004

Q.16 Find the six terms of the series in A.P. of which the sum to n terms is ( ). 1995

Q.18 The sum of the first in terms of two A.Ps are as 3n+1:137n. Find ratio of their second 2000
terms.
The sum of first 14 terms of 1, 1.4, 1.8 is equal to the sum of first n terms of 5.6, 1996
5.8, 6.0, , find the value of n.
E.g. The sum of p terms of an A.P is q the sum of q terms of the same A.P is p: find the 2008
Pg 164 sum of (p + q) terms.

Exercise: 6.3
Q.7 Find the three numbers in A.P. whose sum is 12 and whose product is 28. 1993
Q.8 The sum of four terms in A.P is 4, the sum of the product of the first and the last 1998,2007,2014
term and the two middle terms is 38; find the numbers.
Q.10 The base of a right-angled triangle is 10 cm, and the sides of the triangle are in A.P.; 2002
find the hypotenuse.
Q.10 The base of a right-angled triangle is 10 cm, and the sides of the triangle are in A.P.; 2016
find the hypotenuse.
Q.14 + ++ 2004,2014
Find the value of n such that + may become the arithmetic mean between
a and b.
The sum of four numbers in A.P. is 20. The ratio of the product of the first and the 1992
last numbers and the product of 2nd and 3rd numbers is 2 : 3 ; find the numbers.

Exercise: 6.4
Q.4(i) 2001,2011,2013
Which term of the geometric sequence 27, 18, 12 .. is ?
2014,2015
Q.9 The first three terms of a G.P. are x + 10, x 2, x 0 respectively. Calculate the value 1996
of x and hence find the sum to infinity of this series.
E.g. 02 2007
Find the G.P. whose third term is and whose sixth term is
.
Pg 177

Exercise: 6.5
Q.5(i) Sum the series: 0.6 + 0.66 + 0.666 + .. to n terms. 1993
Q.9 If a rubber ball is dropped on the floor from a height of 27 meters, it always 1991,1998
rebounds to two-third of the distance of the previous fall; find the distance it will
have traveled before hitting the ground for the seventh time.
E.g.02 The ratio of the sum of the first four terms of a G.P to the sum of the first eight 2006
Pg 183 terms of the same G.P is 81:97; find the common ratio of the G.P.
 Page |9

Exercise: 6.6
Q.3 Express the recurring decimal as a rational number.
(iv) . 2003 . 2009
Q.5 The sum of infinite timers of a G.P. is 4 and the sum of their cubes is 192; find the G.P. 1992
Q.5 The sum of infinite term of a G.P. is 3, and the sum of their cubes is 81; find the G.P. 2002
Q.6 Find the sum of an infinite series in G.P. if the sum of the first and the fourth terms is 1999
equal to 54 and the sum of the second and the third term is 36 find the series also.
E.g. 02 Find the G.P. whose second term is 2 and the sum to infinity is 8. 2000
Pg 190
The third term of a G.P. is 27 and the sixth term is 8; find the sum to infinite terms. 1995

E.g.04 2016
Show that: . . . . . =

Pg 192

Exercise: 6.7
Q.2(i) Find the two G.Ms between 2 and -16. 2014
Q.3 The product of three number in G.P is 216 and the sum of their product in pairs is 1997
156, find the numbers.

Q.5 Show that the product of n geometric means between a and b is . 2004
E.g.03 Find three numbers in G.P whose sum is 19 and whose product is 216. 2005
Pg 197

Exercise: 6.8
th
Q.1 Find the 17 trem of an H.P whose first two terms are 6 and 8. 2008,2015
Q.2 2001
The 12 term of an H.P. is and the 19th term is ; find the 10th term
th
of the H.P.

Q.2 2011
The 12th term of an H.P is and 19th term is ; find the 4th term.
Q.4 1996,2016
Which term of the H.P. 6, 2, 6/5, is equal to ?

Q.5(ii) 1995,2010,2013
Insert four H.Ms between 12 and .

Q.6 If the pth term of an H.P. is q, the qth term is p; prove that the (p + q)th term is +. 2009,2012,2015
Q.6,7 The term of an H.P. is q and the term is p: find + term and . 2007
term.
Find the 12th term of an H.P. if it is given that its second term is 3 and 4th term is 2. 1999
2002
Which term of H.P. , , , . . . is ?
E.g.02 2006
If the 3rd, 6th and the last terms of an H.P are respectively , , , find the number
Pg 205
of terms of the H.P.

Exercise: 6.9
Q.4 Prove that a, b, c are in either A.P. or G.P. or H.P according as 1993,2013
()

=a or b or c
Q.6 () 2003
Simplify
when x, y, z are in: (i) A.P. (ii) G.P and (iii) H.P.
If A, G, H are respectively the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means 1994
between any two numbers, prove that G2 = AH.

If = , then prove that x, y, z are in H.P. 1997,2000

Old If A,G, H be respectively the A.M., the G.M. and H.M. between any two 1991
Book numbers and Ax = Gy = Hz, prove that x, y, z are in G.P.
A.G Series
Old Book
Find the sum to n terms of the A.G series: + + + +. . . 2008
A.G Series 1994
Old Book Sum the series 1 + + + + . . . to infinity

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CHAPTER # 07 PERMUTATIONS,
COMBINATIONS AND INTRO. TO THE
PROBABILITY

Exercise: 7.1
Q.5 How many natural numbers of four digits can be formed with four digits 2,3,5,7 2007
when no digit is being used more than once in each number? What will be the
numbers if the given digits are 2,3,5,0?
Q.12 How many different natural numbers can be formed by using the digits 1995
0,1,2,3,4,5 lying between 10 and 1000?
Q.19 Find the total number of ways in which 5 birds can perch on 4 trees, when there 1992
is no restriction to the choice of a tree. In how many of these ways will one
particular bird be alone on the tree?

Exercise: 7.2

Q.2(ii) Find n, If 4 = 24
n
. 2015
Q.9 In how many distinct ways can the letters of the word be arranged?
INTELLIGENCE 2010 PAKPATTAN 2014 INSTITUTIONS 1993

Q.10 1997 E.g03 2011
If = , then find n. If n3 = 12 . , find n.
, Pg 224
Q.11 How many natural numbers may be formed by using 4 out of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5: 2005
(i) If the digits are not repeated? (ii) If the digits may be repeated?
(iii) How many of them are even if the digits are not repeated?
Q.12 In how many ways can 3 English books, 2 Urdu books and 2 Sindhi books be 2002,2004,2007,
arranged on a shelf so as to keep all the books in each language together? 2007,2009,2013,
2015
Q.13 How many different natural numbers of 3 different digits each can be formed 2003,2008
from the digits 1,2,3,4,5,7,9 if each number is to be:
(i) odd (ii) even?
Q.18 In how many ways can 4 gentlemen and 2 ladies be seated at a round-table so 1991
that the ladies are not together? In how many of these ways will three
particular gentlemen be next to each other?
Old Book In a class there are 8 boys and 5 girls. Two class representatives are to be 2006
chosen from them. In how many ways can they be selected if:
(i) Both are chosen from all?
(ii) One is to be a boy and the other a girl?
(iii) The first is to be a boy and the second either a boy or a girl?
In how many ways can a hockey eleven be chosen out of 15 players? If: 1994
(i) include a particular player (ii) exclude a particular player
In how many ways can 5 essential prayers be offered each on a different 2000
mosque out of seven mosques in the area?
There are seven mosques in a locality. In how many ways can Aslam offer 2001
five prayers (obligatory) in different mosques such that:
(i) Zohar prayer is offered in the mosque A (ii) Zohar prayer is not offered in the mosque A

Exercise: 7.3
Q.2(ii) If n4 =24 . , find n. 2016
Q.17 A party of 7 members is to be chosen from a group of 7 gents and 5 ladies. 1993
In how many ways can the party be formed if it is to contain:
(i) exactly 4 ladies (ii) at least 4 ladies (iii) at most 4 ladies
Q.18 A father has 8 children. He takes them, three at a time, to a zoo as often as he 1997,2010
can without taking the same 3 children more than once. How often will he go
 P a g e | 11

and how often will each child go?

E.g.06 A department in a college consists of 6 professors and 8 students. A study tour is 1998
Pg 240 to be arranged. In how many ways can a party of seven members be chosen so
as to include: (i) exactly 4 professors (ii) at least 4 professors
Nine tennis teams play friendly matches each team has to play against each 1996
other. How many matches have to be played in all?
A team of 14 players is to be formed out of 20 players. In how many ways can 1999
the selection be made if a particular player is to be: (i) included (ii) excluded
In how many ways can troop of five soldiers be formed out of seven soldiers? 2000

Exercise: 7.4
Q.2 A coin was tossed 3 times; find the probability of getting: 1999
(i) at least one head (ii) no tail (iii) exactly two tails (iv) at the most two heads
Q.2 A fair coin is tossed 3 times. Find the probability of getting: 2007,2008
(i) at least one head and (ii) at most two heads.
Q.2 A fair coin is tossed 3 times. Find the probability of getting at least one head. 2016
A coin is tossed twice. Find the probability of getting: 2004
(i) at least one head (ii) exactly one tail
Q.3 If a die is rolled twice, what is the probability that: 2000
(i) The sum of the points on it is? (ii) There is at least one 5?
Q.7 A word consists of 5 consonants and 4 vowels. Three letters are chosen at 2011
random. What is the probability that more than one vowel will be selected?
Q.8 In a fruit basket there are one dozen oranges and half a dozen apples. If a 1996
person has to select a fruit at random, what is the chance of its being an orange?
If the first selection was an orange, what is the chance of second selection to be
an apple?
Q.10 A room has three lamps from a collection of 12 light bulbs of which 8 are no 2002
good, a person selects three at random and put them in the sockets. What is the
probability that he will have light?

Exercise: 7.5
Q.6 Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of getting a multiple of 3 or a sum 1991
of 10.
Q.8 Of the students attending a lecture 50% could not see what was being written 2006
on the blackboard, 40% of them could not hear what the lecturer was saying: a
particular unfortunate 30% of them fell into both of these categories. What is
the probability that a student picked at random was able to see and hear
satisfactorily?
The probability that the principal of a college has a television is 0.6, a 2000
refrigerator 0.2 and both television and refrigerator is 0.06; find the probability
that the principal has at least a television or a refrigerator.
The probability that a man has a T.V. is 0.6, a V.C.R. is 0.2, and a T.V. and V.C.R. 2009
both is 0.04. What is the probability that the man has either a T.V. or a V.C.R.?
From a group of 6 men and 5 women, a committee of 4 members is to be 2001
formed. What is the probability that the committee will consist of 2 men and 2
women.
A committee of 4 members is to be chosen by lot from a group of 7 men and 5 1992
women. Find the probability that the committee will consist of 2 men and 2
women.
A committee of 4 members is to be chosen by lot from a group of 7 teachers and 1997
5 students. Find the probability that the committee will consist of 2 teachers
and 2 students.
A committee of 4 members is to be chosen by lot from a group of 7 men and 5 1994
women. Find the probability that the committee will consist of 2 men and 2
 P a g e | 12

women.
A prize of any 4 books is to be given out of 7 Arabic and 5 French books. Find the 2000
probability that the prize will consists of 2 Arabic and 2 French books.
E.g.08 Out of 12 eggs, 2 are bad, from these eggs 3 are chosen at random to make a 1993
Pg 250 cake. What is the probability that the cake contains:
(i) exactly one bad egg (ii) at least one bad egg
E.g.07 The letters of the word MISSISSIPPI are scrambled and then arranged in some 1994,1998
Pg 250 order. What is the probability that the four Is are consecutive letters in the
resulting arrangement?
E.g.02 A drawer contains 50 bolts and 150 nuts. Half of the bolts and half of the nuts 2008
Pg 254 are rusted. If one item is chosen, what is the probability that it is either rusted
or is a bolt?
Two cards are drawn at random from a deck of well shuffled cards; find the 2012
probability that the cards drawn are: (a) both aces (b) a king and a queen
Two cards are drawn at random from a deck of well shuffled cards. Find the 1995
probability that the cards drawn are:
(i) both Kings, of different colour (ii) King and queen of spade

CHAPTER # 08
MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION AND
BINOMIAL THEOREM
Exercise: 8.1
Prove by Mathematical Induction that:
Q.14 (+) 1993
+ + +...+ =
. . . + (+)
Q.15(ii) ( ) 1994
a + ar2 + ar3 + . . . + arn-1 = , where r 1.
Q.6 + + + . . . +
= + , 1995,2015
Q.5(ii) 2 2 2 2 2 1999
2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + . . . + (2n) = n (n+1)(2n+1)

Q.4 2000,2009,2011,2014
+ + + . . . + + = + ( + )
2016
Q.8 2004
1.3 + 2.4 + 3.5 + . . . +n (n + 2) =
n(n + 1) (2n + 7)
Q.5(i) 2006
12 + 32 + 52 + . . . + (2n 1)2 = +

E.g.03 Pg 260 2007,2012,2013
12 + 22+ 32 + . . . + n2 = + +

2 + 4 + 6 + . . . + 2n = n (n + 1) 2008

2 + 5 + 8 + . . . + (3n 1) = (3n + 1) 2001
Q.16(i) (23n+228n4) is divisible by 49, 1998,2002,2012,2015
(ii) + is divisible by 64, 1992
(iii) 10n + 3.4n+2 + 5 is divisible by 9, 2003,2010,2014
(v) ( ) is divisible by (a b) for all 2005
2n > n2, for integral values of n > 5. 1991
Old Book 2! > 2n, , n > 4 1997

Exercise: 8.2
Q.2 Find the sum of the following series: 162 + 172 + 182 + . . . + 402 1992
Q.2 Find the sum of the following series: 112 + 122 + 132 + . . . + 202 2016

Exercise:8.3
 P a g e | 13

Q.5,6 Find the middle term(s) in the expansion of:

1994 2001


1998
(i) + (ii) +
Q.7 Using Binomial Theorem, write the term independent of x in the expansion and simplify it.

(i)
2009,2011 2002
1999,2015


2007 2004 2000
(ii)

2014,2016
+

Q.8(ii) Write in the simplified the term involving in the expansion of 2013

.
E.g04 Use the binomial theorem to find the value of . . 2006
Pg 278

Exercise:8.4
Find the first negative term in the expansion of, using the formula for general term.

Q.7 + 2003,2008,2012
2010
Q.8 +

2004
Evaluate to four decimal places the expansion of . .

Exercise:8.5
. ..
Q.13 If y = + + + . . . , prove that: + = 1991
. ..
Q.3 If a be a quantity so small that a3 may be neglected in comparison with b3, 1992

prove that: +
+
=+

Q.3 If be a quantity so small that a3 may be neglected in comparison with c3, 1994,2009,2013,
2015
prove that: +
+
=+

Identify the series as binomial expansion and find its sum.

. .. 1993,1997, . .. 2003
. + . . .. . + . . . + + . + .. + . . .
2013
. .. 1995 Prove that: 2016
+ + + .
+...
.. . ..
=+
+ . + .. + .
..

Show that:
. .. 2001,2010,201 . .. 2011
=+ + + + .. =+ + + +.
. .. ! !
4
..

Q.1 + + 1997,2007,
If |x|<1, prove that: = ; nearly 2012,2014

++

Q.2 When is so small so that its square and higher power may be neglected, 2002

+ + +

find the value of:
+
. .. ...
Q.14 If y = 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + . . . then show that: = ! + ! + !
... 2008
. ..
E.g.05 If = + + + . . . then prove that: = ! + !
+... 2005
Pg 286
. ..
E.g.02 If = + . + .. + . . ., prove that: + = . 2006
 P a g e | 14

Pg291

CHAPTER # 09 FUNDAMENTALS OF
TRIGONOMETRY

Exercise: 9.1
Q.8 How far does boy on a bicycle travel in ______ revolutions if the diameters of the wheels of his
bicycle are equal to _______ cm each?
Revolutions Diameter Revolutions Diameter
10 56 1991,2004,2015 15 14
Q.10 A belt _______ meters long passes around a _______ cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes
_______ complete revolutions in a minute, how many radians does the wheel turn in one second?
Distance Diameter Revolutions Distance Diameter Revolutions
24.75 3.5 3 1992,2002,2007 24.75 3.5 4 1998
23.85 1.58 2 2003,2010
Q.9 If a point on rim of ______ cm diameter fly wheel travel _____ cm in a minute, through how many
radians does the wheel turn in one second?
Diameter Distance Revolutions Diameter
21 5040 1993,2009,2011,2012,2013,2014
Q.7 Find the arc length of a circle whose diameter is 28 cm and whose central angle 2001
is of measure 41o.

Q.1,2 (i) Convert radians into degrees. (ii) Convert 24036030 into radian. 1995

If the area of the circle is 385 sq. units, find its diameter. 1996

Exercise: 9.2
Find the remaining trigonometric functions using radian function if:
Trig. Function Quadrant Year Trig. Function Quadrant Year
Third 1994 = fourth 1995
=

< 1997 Third 1998,2001,2011
= =

Third 1999 First 2000
= =

Third 2002 = Second 2003
=
< 2004 Not in second 2005,2007,2012
= = Quadrant
is 2006 = is 2008,2013
=
negative positive
Third 2009 Third 2010
= =
is
= Fourth 2014 = 2015
positive
is 2016
=
positive

Exercise: 9.3

If =
, find the value of all trigonometric functions and hence prove that: 1996

+ = +
 P a g e | 15

CHAPTER # 10
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

Exercise: 10.1
Prove that:
Q.4 1997,2009, + + 1996

+ +
=
= .

2014

Q.5
2000,2002 1998
= =
+ + +

Q.7 = 1992,2005, +
= 1997

2006,2016
Q.8 1995 E.g.02 + + 2013

+ =
=
Pg 310
+ and hence

verify the result if =
Q.8 1999, 2001 + 2007

+
= +
+
=
+
Q.9 + 1991,1999, Q.18 2003
=
+

=
2011,2015, +

2016
Q.11 + 2004,2012
=
+
Express in terms of . 1997
Express all the trigonometric functions in terms of cosec. 2006

Exercise: 10.2
Q.16(i) 2014 Q.21 + = 2001
= +

(+)
Q.17 = + 2012,2015 + 1997,2000

=
Q.20 + = 2004,2006,2009
Q.14(i) 2008
If =
and =
and both () and () are in the first quadrant find
the value of ( + ).
Old Book Prove that the points A(6, 13), B(5, 7) and C(4, 1) are collinear. 1997
Old Show that (0, 0) (a, 0), (b, c) and (b a, c) taken in order form the vertices of a 2000
Book parallelogram.
Old Book Show that the point, (2, 1), (5, 1), (2, 6) are the vertices of a right-angled triangle. 2010

Exercise: 10.3
Prove that:
Q.4 1991,1995,2008, + =
1991,1992
= +.
+ 2011
Q.5 1992
1998
+ = =
+ +

Q.8 2008 2003

= = + =


Q.9 = 2010,2012,2013, + = 2007

2014
+ =
Q.11 = + 1992,1998
+
1991,2000,2004,2006,2007,2009,2011
 P a g e | 16

=
Q.16 = 1998,2008,2012, 1994

2016

Q.17 = 2002,2005, = 1994

2010
Q.18
+
1999,2001 2015

=
+
( + ) = +



Q.19 + = 1996,2013 + 1993
+ = =
+

+
+ = + +
2002
+ +
= 1998



+ = 2003 =
2005,2010

1993
If =
and =
+ , prove that
( + )= 0.375
1994
Express sincos3 in the sum form and prove that sin150cos450 =

2015
If =
and =
, both () and () lie in the first quadrant, find the
value of ( + ).

CHAPTER # 11 GRAPHS OF TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS

Exercise: 11.1
Q.2(i) Show that the function + is of period . Also prove that 1994

+ = +
Q.2 2006
Find the period of .

Q.2 Find the period of . 2016

Exercise: 11.2
Draw the graph of:
Function Domain Year Function Domain Year

Q.1 2011,2014 = 2 2005
2
Q.2 1999 = 2008,2015,2016

Q.3 = 1992,1994, = 2009

2002
= 1991 = 1993
=
= 1995,1998 2003


= 2 2 2 2001 2007

1996,2010,2012,2013

=
(), and find the value of sin (650) from the 1997
graph.

CHAPTER # 12 SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES

Exercise: 12.1
 P a g e | 17

Q.5 A man standing on one side of a road observes that the measure of the angle subtended by 1996,1998,2005,
o
the top of a five-storey building on the opposite side of the road is 35 . When the crosses 2008
the road of width 35 meters to approach the building, he finds the measure of the angle to
o
be 65 ; find the height of the building and the distance of the initial position of the man
from the building.
o
Q.7 A man observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain is 50 from a point on 1992
the ground. On walking 150 meters away from the point, the angle of elevation becomes
o
40.45 . Find the height of the mountain.
o
Q.7 A man observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain is 45 from a point on 2015
the ground. On walking 100 meters away from the point, the angle of elevation becomes
o
43.45 . Find the height of the mountain.
An aeroplane is flying at a height of 9000 meters. If the angle of depression to a field 1991,2004
o
marker is 23 , find the aerial distance.
1993
At a certain point the angle of elevation of a tower is found to be . On walking 32


feet directly towards the tower, the angle of elevation becomes . Find the height

of the tower.

Exercise: 12.2
Derive the law of tangents 2012
+
Prove the law of tangents in the form: = 1993
+
State and prove the law of cosine. 1995,2009,2010,2014,
2016
Derive the cosine law: = + for a triangle ABC. 2002
+ 1999
Prove the Law of Cosine, = . (Show all the working).

Derive that law of Sines 2011
Q.1 Solve the triangle ABC in which:
0 o
(iii) =25 , a=40cm and b=20cm 1996,2009 a = 54 58 , b = 70 cm, c = 58 cm 2000
(ii) = , = and c = 39 inches 2003 a=b=c 2006
a = 5 cm, b = 10 cm, c = 13 cm 2010,2011 a=10cm, = , = 2015
Q.2 Find the length of the third side of a triangular building that faces 13.6 meters along one street 1997
o
and 13.0 meters along another street. The angle of intersection of the two streets is 72 .
Q.5 Two hikers, start from the same point, one walks 9km heading east, the other 10km 1992,1994
0 0
heading 42 east (42 towards east from north). How far apart are they at the end of their
walks?
Q.6 A hiker walks due east at 4 km per hour and a second hiker starting from the same point 2001
o
walks 55 north-east at the rate of 6km per hour. How far apart will they be after 2 Hours?
o
Q.8 A piece of a plastic strip 1m is bent to form an isosceles triangle with 96 as its largest 1999,2013
angle; find the length of the sides.
A plane is heading due east at 675 km/h. A wind is blowing in from the north-east at 75 1991,2006
km/h; find the direction of the plane and it ground speed.
o
Due to the wind blowing from 37 north-east, the pilot of an aeroplane whose airspeed is 2002
o o
500 km/hr has to head his plane at 325 in order to follow a courses of 310 ; find the
ground speed.

Exercise: 12.3
Q,7 In , find the largest angle if a=5cm, b=10cm and c=14cm. 2016

Exercise: 12.4
Q.2 Find the area of the triangle ABC when = , = , = cm. 2009
Find the area a of a ABC in which = 30 , = 63 and c = 7.3 cm.
o o
Q.4 2004,2008
Q.12 The three sides of the triangular lot have lengths 9, 12 and 16cm respectively. Find the 1992
measure of its largest angle and the area of the lot.
Q.12 Three sides of a triangular lot have lengths 14 cm, 15 cm and 16 cm; find the measure of 2001
the largest angle and the area of the lot.
Q.13 If the measure of the two sides of a triangle are 4 and 5 units. Find the third side so that the 1991,2007
area of the triangle is 6 sq. units.
The three sides of a triangular building have lengths 10cm, 11cm, 13cm respectively. Find 2014
 P a g e | 18

the measure of its largest angle and the area of the building.
If three sides of a triangle are 11 cm, 13 cm, 16 cm, find the measure of the largest angle 2005
and the area of the triangle.
Solve the triangle ABC and hence find the area of the triangle.
0
a=40.1cm, b=20cm and =50 1995,1992 a = 15.2 cm, b = 20.9 cm and c = 34.7 1998
Case II . 1997
Prove that the area of a triangle = . , where is the area of the given
Pg 349
triangle ABC.

Exercise: 12.5
Q.10 Prove that in any equilateral triangle r : R : r1 = 1 : 2 : 3, where r, R and r1 have 1998,2004,
usual meanings. 2005,2007
Q.10 If a = b = c, prove that r1 : R : r = 3 : 2 : 1, where r1, R and r have their usual 2009
meanings.
Show that:
Q.2 Find the value of R and r in 1995 Q.11(ii) = 1997,2000,
the triangle ABC where 2008,2013,
a=2cm, b=3cm and c=4cm. 2016
Q.9 1993 Q.11(iv) + + 1996,2001,
= = + + + =

2003,2012


Q.9 1991,1999,2002, Q.11(i) 2016
=
+ + =

2006,2011,2015
2005 2010

=
() + + =

()

Q.13 = 2004,2008

Derive:
1994 2010 2000
= = =
()

2015 2013 2014
= = =

2003,2016
=

CHAPTER # 13 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS AND TRIGONOMETRIC
EQUATIONS

Exercise: 13.1
Solve:

Q.11
+
=
2004,2008,
+
=
1993
2010,2013, 2002
2014,2015

Q.13
+
=
2006,2007,
+
=
2003
2012


+
=
2016 + =
2001

Q.18 + = 1992,1998 Find , 1994

if + =


Q.14 = 1997 + + 1996
+
 P a g e | 19

+ ()

+ = 2005 + = 2000

Exercise: 13.2
Solve:
Q.1 + = 1999,2013 = 2000,2016
Q.2 + = 2005 + = 1995

Q.2 = 2001 = 1996
Q.3 + = 1991,1998 + + = 1998
Q.4 + + = 2008,2011 + = 2009
Q.6 = 1997 = 2010
Q.11 = 2002 E.g.04
Pg366
+ = 2006
Q.12 + = 1993,2004, Q.15 + 2003,2015
2007 =
Q.16 = 2014