ENGLEZA DE AFACERI

Conf.univ.dr. Ruxandra VASILESCU

Semestrul II

The course is an introduction to the basic concepts and principles

governing the business world and the economic field and aims at students'
acquisition of the written and oral skills in this field, of the specific
vocabulary at an advanced level.
Objectives
understanding the rules and editing commercial correspondence and
official documents
copywriting and editing advertising materials
understanding and translating contracts
developing negotiation skills and understanding the role of protocol in
negotiations
understanding cultural diversity in business
The teaching of ESP has generally been seen as a separate activity
within English Language Teaching (ELT) and ESP research as an identifiable
component of applied linguistics research. For some of this teaching ESP has
developed its own methodology and its research clearly draws on research
from various disciplines in addition to applied linguistics. This openness to
the insights of other disciplines is a key distinguishing feature of ESP.
If ESP has sometimes moved away from trends in general ELT it has always
retained its emphasis on practical outcomes. The main concerns of ESP have
always been with needs analysis, text analysis, and preparing learners to
communicate effectively in the tasks prescribed by their study or work situation.
Themes:
1. English for Specific Purposes - Origins and development
a. What is ESP?
b. A revolution in linguistics
c. Methodology and role of the ESP teacher
d. English for Business Purposes
The study of languages for specific purposes has had an interesting
history going back, some would say, as far as the Roman and Greek Empires.
Since the 1960s, ESP has become a vital an innovative activity within the
Teaching of E as a foreign or second language movement (TEFL/TESL)
(Howatt, 1984) For much of its early life, ESP was dominated by the teaching
of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) ; most of the materials produced, the
course descriptions written and the research carried out were in the area of
EAP. English for Occupational Purposes (EOP) played an important but
nevertheless smaller role. In recent years, however, the massive expansion of
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international business has led to a huge growth in the area of English for
Business Purposes (EBP). Within ESP the largest sector for published materials
is now that of Business English and there is high interest from teachers,
publishers and companies in this area.
2. The Business World
a. Organisations
b. Company structure
c. Work and motivation
Businesses come in many guises, from the lonely-sounding self-employed
person and sole trader, through the SME (the small or medium-sized enterprise)
to the multinational with its hierarchy and tens of thousands of employees. But
the questions about what motivates people in work are basically the same
everywhere.
3. Management in a changing world
a. Management - An art or a science?
b. Leadership
c. Management and cultural diversity
What is management? Is it an art or a science? An instinct or a set of skills
and techniques to be taught? Peter Drucker, the well-known American business
professor professor and consultant makes things clearer for us.
Multinational companies can either attempt to use similar management
methods in all their foreign subsidiaries or adapt their methods to the local
culture in each country or continent. How could we explain the concept of
globalization?
4. Marketing - Concepts and objectives
a. What is marketing?
b. Marketing structure and competition - strategies
c. The advertising industry
d. The language of advertising
There will always, one can assume, be a need of some selling. But the aim
of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The aim of marketing is to know
and understand the customer so well that the product or service fits him and
sells itself.
Whether or not you agree with Marshall McLuhan that advertising is the
greatest art form of our century, it certainly is a big part of modern culture.
5. Commercial correspondence
a. Precontract correspondence types of letters, style, layout of a business letter
b. Post-contract letters the letters of complaint and adjustment of complaint,
the CV and the letter of application
It is common knowledge that a letter is the business card of the sender.
Correspondence is of particular importance in business, where the written message
is the due representative of a company, a messenger concerned in developing a
favourable climate for the best negotiations.

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 6. Negotiations and protocol
a. Concept and main characteristics
b. Negotiations - major way of communication
c. Protocol - a key to success
The growing interdependence of national economies has been the most
exciting business trend in the past twenty years. With the rapid growth in the
international flow of goods, the world has become a global market where cross-
cultural communciation has been assuming greater importance and the negotiators
who disregard it can cause the loss of an important contract.
7. Contracts
a. Types of contracts, clauses of a contract
b. The legal jargon related to contracts and official business documents
The purpose of any business relationship is entering into contracts. Contracts
are of several types and raise a lot of problems for a translator because of the
specific economic and legal terms.
8. Finance, banking and accounting
a. The language of finance and banking
b. Accounting and company capital - specific terms
Money makes the world go round, they say. Perhaps it is even truer that
the world makes money go round, especially in an era of globalisation when
capital can flow freely to and from almost everywhere. Money is always
looking for places where it will be most profitable and earn the greatest return
on investment.
9. Tourism in the present-day world
a. Tourism and hospitality industry
b. Challenges of the ideal host (socialising, communication in professional
English)
Human beings are innately curious concerning the world we live in. We
yearn to know what other places look like what the people, their culture,
animals and plant life, and land forms may be elsewhere. Higher levels of
education and TV and other media influence have combined to create in us a
much greater awareness of our entire world. Tourism has grown to be an
activity of worldwide importance and significance and it has developed its own
terminology.

***
The theoretical background is supported by extensive authentic material for
exemplification and practice. Assessment is based on a written test at the end of the
course.

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 Bibliography
1. Ian MacKenzie, English for Business Studies, CUP, 1997.
2. Tom Hutchinson, Alan Waters, English for Specific Purposes, CUP 1987.
3. Mark Ellis, Christine Johnson, Teaching Business English, OUP 1994.
4. Tonz Dudley-Evans, Maggie Jo StJohn, Developments in English for
Specific Purposes, OUP 1994.
5. Andrew Littlejohn, Company to Company - A New Approach in Business
Correspondence in English, CUP 1994.
6. W. Ferrier Mavor, English for Business, Pitman Publishing, 1995.
7. Gh. M. Pistol, Negocieri i uzane de protocol, Editura Fundaiei Romnia
de Mine, 1999.
8. Adriana Chiriacescu et al., Coresponden de afaceri n limbile romn i
englez, Editura Teora, 1998.
9. Fulvia Turcu, Engleza de afaceri n economia de pia, Ed. Uranus.
10. Erica Hall, Bill Mascull, David Riley, Market Leader, Longman, 2000.

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