VMAX1 and VMAX2 Hardware Fundamentals - SRG

Welcome to VMAX1 and VMAX2 Hardware Fundamentals.
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Copyright 2015 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. VMAX1 and VMAX2 Hardware Fundamentals 1
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to describe the different Symmetrix VMAX
models providing detailed information on the related configurations and explaining the various
components of each system.
This lesson covers the Symmetrix VMAX models, describing the configurations and differences.
Symmetrix is the worlds most powerful storage. More than 20 years ago, Symmetrix introduced
the first high-end enterprise storage array, the Symmetrix 4000. With each new Symmetrix, EMC
elevated the industry standard for performance, scale, and capability of enterprise storage, and
continuously maintained its position as the global high-end storage leader.
Symmetrix is also the worlds most trusted storage, having released several first-to-market
innovations that further defined the industry. From the very first Intelligent Cached Disk Array
(ICDA), to local and remote replication, to advanced security and data protection solutions,
Symmetrix has always been trusted to perform in the most mission-critical and demanding
environments anywhere, including those in banking, manufacturing, and government and
defense, to name a few.
With a proven track record of being both powerful and trusted, Symmetrix, with its advanced
development, is also the smartest storage. With Intel technology inside, Symmetrix VMAX 20K
and 10K platforms are, again, leading the industry with new innovations, including Fully
Automated Storage Tiering for Virtual Pools (FAST VP), new levels of encryption with RSA,
groundbreaking new models for non-disruptive data movement with Federated Live Migration, and
the industrys best storage for virtual server environments.
The Symmetrix VMAX meets and exceeds the requirements of the hybrid cloud virtual storage
needs. The demands are high from an application response time perspective, as well as from an
environment perspective because local replicas are being created for backup or decision support,
and remote replicas are being created for high availability and business continuity. The technology
needs to be powerful, and time after time, customers select EMC for their most demanding
workloads in the data center.
The Symmetrix VMAX meets the requirements for Enterprise-class availability, data integrity, and
security.
The Symmetrix VMAX meets the requirements for all cloud environments with self-tuning and
storage tier optimization.
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K with 8 Engines can scale up to 3,200 2.5 disks, can provide up to 4
Petabyte of usable protected capacity and up to 2 TB (raw) of Memory, and is the largest VMAX.
The Virtual Matrix Architecture provides the interconnect that enables resources to be shared
across all VMAX Engines to enable massive scale out.
The Symmetrix VMAX 20K includes two options for scalability and growth. The VMAX 20K
Standard Configuration with 8 Engines can scale up to 3,200 2.5 disks or up to 2,400 3.5 disks.
The VMAX 20K Capacity Configuration with 4 Engines can scale up to 2,400 3.5 disks.
The Symmetrix VMAX 10K has the same industry leading Virtual Matrix Architecture and
innovative software as larger Symmetrix VMAX systems used in the worlds largest data centers.
VMAX 10K is designed for organizations with limited storage expertise and IT resources; it
features a new hardware design for a smaller footprint and built-in software for fast installation,
configuration, and management.
The VMAX 10K 987 naming convention in this course refers to VMAX 10K systems using the new
VMAX 10K enhanced 2.8 GHz Engines. VMAX 10K 959 refers to the old hardware, including the
2.4GHz Engines. The 987 and 959 are related to the serial numbers for the systems. New VMAX
10K systems have a 987 in the serial numbers, where previous VMAX 10K hardware has the
959 serial numbers.
VMAX 10K 959 / VMAXe arrays can scale up to up to 1,080 disk drives, VMAX 10K 987 can
scale up to 1,560 disk drives.
This table gives a high level overview of the hardware differences between the Symmetrix Series
VMAX 10K, VMAX 20K, and VMAX 40K.
VMAX 40K has 1,024 GB of protected, usable global memory. Up to 128 host ports and 128 disk
channels are supported. The VMAX 40K uses two Intel 6-Core 2.8Ghz CPUs per director (4 per
Engine), delivering the highest level of performance and functionality in a smaller footprint, with
reduced power and cooling requirements.
The VMAX 20K has 512 GB of protected, usable global memory. Up to 128 host ports and 128
disk channels are supported. The VMAX 20K uses 2.3 Gigahertz 4-core processors (4 per Engine).
The VMAX 20K Extendeddriveloopconfigurations,orCapacityConfigurationshave 256 GB of
protected, usable global memory. Up to 64 host ports and 64 disk channels are supported.
The different capacities of the VMAX SE are not shown here. The VMAX SE has only a single
Engine. Up to 16 host ports and 16 disk channels are supported.
The VMAX Family provides support for Fibre Channel, iSCSI, FCoE, Gigabit Ethernet, and FICON
connected hosts.
Note: This is the amount of memory that physically can be installed in the system. The
customers usable amount of memory is less due to the systems memory requirements, as well
as the mirroring of the memory.
The VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K/VMAX, and VMAX 20K capacity configurations are listed on this slide.
The system bay does not contain disks, so there is a minimum of 1 storage bay.
The VMAX 40K contains up to 8 engines (16 Directors) in 1-2 system bays with 1-10 standard
storage bays, 1-8 High Density storage bays, or a mixture of both.
The VMAX 20K standard configuration contains up to 8 engines (16 Directors) in 1 system bay
with 1-10 standard storage bays, 1-8 high density storage bays, or a mixture of both.
The VMAX 20K capacity configuration, allowing more drive per loop (75), can have up to 10
standard storage bays with only 4 engines (8 Directors).
The VMAX installed with Enginuity 5874 or 5875 is called a VMAX 20K when upgrading to
Enginuity 5876.
The VMAX SE (Single Engine), VMAX 10K 959/VMAXe, and VMAX 10K 987 configurations are
listed on this slide. The system bays contain disks, so there is a minimum of 0 storage bays.
VMAX SE arrays always consist of a single engine (2 Directors) in 1 system bay with 0-1 standard
storage bays.
VMAX 10K (959)/VMAXe may have up to 4 system bays, each with 1 engine, so 1-4 engines (8
Directors) with 0-3 standard storage bays.
The VMAX 10K (987) may have up to 4 system bays, each with 1 engine, so 1-4 engines (8
Directors) with 0-2 Standard or High Density storage bays, or a mixture of both.
The VMAXe, installed with Enginuity 5874 or 5875, is called a VMAX 10K 959 when upgrading to
Enginuity 5876. All VMAX 10K 987 are installed with Enginuity 5876. All VMAX are built on the
industry leading Virtual Matrix Architecture, and run the same Enginuity code.
A Symmetrix VMAX 40K and VMAX 20K High Density Configuration can be configured with 1
to 8 engines, up to 8 High Density storage bays and up to 50 drives per loop for all engines.
Storage bays to the left of the system bay are numbered from 1A-2A, then 1C-2C, and bays to
the right of the system bay are numbered from 1B-2B, then 1D-2D when viewed from the from
the front.
Shown in this slide is a scaled out 8 engine Dense Configuration with 8 High Density storage
bays, in contrast to the scaled out 8 engine Standard Configuration with 10 standard storage
bays.
System bay dispersion allows users to separate VMAX 10K or VMAX 40K system bays. A VMAX
40K system bay may be separated by up to 82 feet (25 meters) to solve floor-loading
problems, or to work around obstacles in the data center. System bay dispersion is available
for VMAX 10K and VMAX 40K dense (2.5" drives) and standard (3.5" drives) configurations.
You can also separate daisy-chained storage bays by up to 3.6 meters if you need to avoid
physical obstacles in the data center.
The Symmetrix VMAX 10K/VMAXe may have up to 4 engines in 4 system bays.
System bay 1 contains 10 DAEs, engine 1, service processor, KVM, and UPS.
System bay 2 contains 10 DAEs, engine 2, and Virtual Matrix Enclosure (MIBE).
System bay 3 contains 10 DAEs and engine 3.
System bay 4 contains 10 DAEs and engine 4.
In VMAX 10K (987) with High Density DAE, engines 1, 2, 3, and 4 may have up to 50 drives per
loop on port 1 of each back-end processor (all port 0 loops have 25 drives per loop). Dense VMAX
10K configurations do not support storage bays 1A and 1B.
VMAX 10K (987) supports mixed Standard DAE and High Density DAE. The drive bay to the left of
system bay 1 is numbered 1A, and the drive bay to the right of system bay 4 is numbered 1B
(when viewed from the from the front).
Note: Storage bay 2B is not supported at VMAX 10K (987).
A Symmetrix VMAX SE is a single-bay system with only one enclosure, which is always
occupied with VMAX engine 4. Eight drive enclosures are located in the cabinet, using only
direct connect without the addition of a storage bay, and therefore, without daisy-chained drive
enclosures. This allows for a total of up to 120 drives in the system.
A Symmetrix VMAX SE dual-bay system is also configured with only one VMAX engine 4 in the
system bay. All eight direct connect drive enclosures are located in the system bay. However,
an expansion bay can be added to increase storage capacity. This allows for a total of up to
360 drives in the system, 240 in the expansion bay, and 120 in the system bay. From a front
view perspective, the expansion bay is always placed to the left of the system bay.
EMCs eLicensing facility provides a process for accessing and tracking array-based software
functionality. The process is designed to provide an end-to-end solution to help customers
manage, track, and comply with software license entitlement. It supports Enginuity, SRDF,
TimeFinder, FAST, Symmetrix Optimizer, Dynamic Cache Partitioning, and Symmetrix Priority
Controls.
eLicensing impacts the entire Symmetrix VMAX family product line. It allows users to activate
software features by retrieving license files from EMC.support.com after placing an order.
It is important to note that the implementation of elicensing is designed with a do no harm policy
in mind, meaning software will continue to run, even if entitlements are exceeded. When licenses
or entitlements are exceeded, users and field teams will be notified to implement and develop the
next steps.
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K has a set of software and Enginuity suites, which include a number of
products and Enginuity features. These collections of features are summarized on this slide.
This lesson covered the Symmetrix line of products and its history. The different VMAX models
and their configurations, as well as the eLicense feature requirements were also covered.
This lesson focuses on Symmetrix VMAX system bay components, including the power system
and the vault system.
Symmetrix VMAX 20K contains a high speed 4 core Xeon CPU and up to 128 GB of memory
DIMMS for each Director. There are two Virtual Matrix units with 2 ports each, which provide
high availability for the Director interconnections.
Symmetrix VMAX 40K incorporates a higher-performing Engine, and uses six core Xeon turbo
CPU cores with higher-speed processors, and offers two-times more cache memory expansion
compared to current configurations.
Symmetrix VMAX 40K also delivers two-times more bandwidth for demanding data
warehousing and decision support environments. Additional bandwidth is achieved by
incorporating a Quad Virtual Matrix and PCI Gen2 I/O throughout the VMAX 40K Engine.
The Symmetrix VMAX 10K single engine system does not use a Virtual Matrix (MIBE); therefore, a
filler panel is located in the SIB slot in each director. In a single engine system, SIBs are not
required, and therefore, filler panels are located in the SIB slots. During an upgrade, to add
engine 2, a SIB will be added. Engine 2 will come with the MIBE, also referred to as the Virtual
Matrix.
The Symmetrix VMAX 20K/VMAX uses redundant star topology fabric with 2 Virtual Matrices, also
referred to as Matrix Interface Board Enclosures (MIBEs) that connect the VMAX engines to the
Virtual Matrix. Each VMAX 20K/VMAX integrated director board (director and cache boards) has 2
quad small form factor pluggable (QSFP) connections, for a total of eight connections per director
and up to 128 connections to the Virtual Matrix. Each director also has up to 8 front end ports and
2 QSFP connections (eight back-end ports) to disk.
With VMAX 40K, the number of fabric resources is doubled from 2 MIBEs to 4 MIBEs, therefore
increasing performance and making the Virtual Matrix more fault tolerant. Each VMAX 40K
integrated director board has 4 quad small form factor pluggable (QSFP) connections, for a total
of sixteen connections per director and up to 256 connections to the Virtual Matrix.
The block diagram shown on this slide illustrates the I/O activity in the Symmetrix VMAX engine.
Data arrives on the left front-end I/O modules; then, is sent by the two CPUs to the SIB module,
which transfers in serial mode to the Virtual Matrix for storage. The Director communicates with
the SIB through a PCI-Express interface. The SIB communicates with Virtual Matrix (MIBEs) using
a rapid I/O interface.
The SIB provides fabric connectivity between the Director and MIBEs. The SIB contains an EMC
custom-designed bridge, called Bosco, which bridges x8 PCI-Express to and from a copper rapid
I/O connection (sRIO), referred to as Fabric A, Fabric B, etc.
Consequently on a write operation, the I/O blocks would be sent from the FE Directors to the
Virtual Matrix, then to the BE Directors and finally to the disks.
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K system bay layout has changed from the VMAX 20K/VMAX layout.
Notable differences are the locations of the 2 MIBE enclosures and UPS. As this graphic depicts,
the UPS is now located at the top of the system bay rack to make way for the service processor.
MIBE enclosure 1 is located in the middle of the lower half of the bay, and MIBE enclosure 2 is
located in the middle of the top half of the bay. The KVM is in the same place.
Engines are positioned in specific slots, called enclosure slots (ES), and there can be up to eight
for a system bay. Other components include uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a service
processor (server), and keyboard-video-mouse (KVM).
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K system bay 2 layout is different from the system bay 1 layout. Note
that MIBEs are not required in system bay 2, the engines will be cabled to the MIBEs in system
bay 1. A 1U Server and KVM are included. The 1U server does not run SymmWin; it is a remote
service terminal provided so that the CE/IDE does not have to travel from SB 2 to SB 1 when
performing maintenance.
Engines are still positioned in specific slots, called enclosure slots (ES), and up to six engines may
be configured in system bay 2. Engines 4 and 5 will always be installed in system bay 1.
The proper population order for VMAX 40K is shown in the table. The enclosures are populated
from the center, starting with enclosure 4, which holds VMAX engines 4 and 5. Engines 4 and 5
are always in system bay 1. Engines 3 and 6, 2 and 7, 1 and 8 may be installed in system bay
1 or 2. The director numbers are derived from the VMAX engine number. The dual initiator
pairs are contained within the same VMAX engines, while memory can be mirrored across
VMAX engines.
The Symmetrix VMAX 20K system bay layout is different from the VMAX 40K layout notably the
VMAX 20K only has 2 MIBEs, one MIBE enclosure. As this graphic depicts, the UPS is located in
the middle of the system bay rack, the service processor is located in the middle of the lower half
of the bay, and the MIBE enclosure is located in the middle of the top half of the bay. The KVM is
in the same place.
Engines are positioned in specific slots, called enclosure slots (ES). There can be up to eight for a
system bay. Other components include the uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a service
processor (server), and a keyboard-video-mouse (KVM).
Specific colors are used to indicate the engines. This is very useful in order to retrace the cables,
which have colored sheathes with the same color scheme as the labels on the cable guides. The
Symmetrix VMAX 20K/VMAX and VMAX 40K use octants (one of eight segments) based on the
number of engines that can be placed in the system bay.
The colors for the various octants are as follows:
ES 1 (Dir 1 and Dir 2): Pink

ES 2 (Dir 3 and Dir 4): Purple
ES 3 (Dir 5 and Dir 6): Orange
ES 4 (Dir 7 and Dir 8): Yellow
ES 5 (Dir 9 and Dir 10): Green
ES 6 (Dir 11 and Dir 12): Blue
ES 7 (Dir 13 and Dir 14): Red
ES 8 (Dir 15 and Dir 16): White
The cable sheathes for engine upgrades will be in the SPS location. If the SPS is already installed,
the cable sheathes will be in the open me first box.
The proper population order for VMAX 20K is shown in the table. The enclosures are populated
from the center, starting with enclosure 4, which holds VMAX 20K engine 4, and contains
directors 7 and 8. The director numbers are derived from the VMAX engine number.
The dual-initiator pairs are contained within the same VMAX engines, while memory can be
mirrored across VMAX engines.
The Symmetrix VMAX SE array consists of the following components: 8 drive enclosures, 1
engine, 3 standby power supply trays, 1 uninterruptible power supply, a server with keyboard-
video-mouse assembly, and 1 MIBE tray. The VMAX SE scales from 48 to 360 disks and is
intended for smaller capacity needs that require Symmetrix performance, availability, and
functionality.
Each of the VMAX 10K (959)/VMAXe system bays (1 through 4) have a single engine, two SPS
trays, and 10 disk array enclosures (DAEs). System bay 1 also includes one uninterruptible power
supply (UPS), service processor (server), and keyboard-video-mouse (KVM). System bay 2
includes a MIBE.
Only DAEs 1 and 5, where vault drives are located, have SPS support in the VMAX 10K.
VMAX 10K (987) system bays (1 through 4) each have a single engine, two SPS trays, and 10
standard, or 12 dense disk array enclosures (DAEs), or a mixture of DAE types, as shown here.
System bay 1 includes uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a service processor (server), and
keyboard-video-mouse (KVM). System bay 2 includes a MIBE.
VMAX 10K (987) does not support daisy chaining on SPS supported drive channels, where vault
drives are resident (DAEs 1, 2, 5 and 6).
VMAX 10K (987) standard configurations:
Engines 1, 2, 3, and 4 can add 2 more DAEs on each port 1 without SPS support, daisy chained to
a total of three DAEs, or 45 drives on each port 1.
With 8 redundant drive channels, engines 1, 2, 3, and 4 can support 4x15 plus 4x45 drives for a
maximum of 240 drives per engine, a total of 960 drives. Note that adding 2 more DAEs on each
port 1 requires additional storage bays.
VMAX 10K (987) dense configurations:
Engines 1, 2, 3, and 4 can add 1 more DAE on each port 1 without SPS support, daisy chained to
a total of two DAEs, or 50 drives per loop, 300 drives per engine, a total of 1,200 drives. Note
that VMAX 10K (987) dense configurations do not support storage bays. The additional high
density DAEs are added to the system bay.
VMAX 10K (987) mixed configurations:
Engines 1, 2, 3, and 4 can add 2 more DAEs on each port 1 without SPS support, daisy chained to
a total of three DAEs. Engine 1 must have a minimum of 4 standard DAEs, so a maximum of 360
drives. Engines 2, 3, and 4 may have up to 400 drives, a total of 1,560 drives. Note that adding 2
more DAEs on each port 1 requires additional storage bays.
The high density system offering supports only 4 total bays, all of which are system bays with 300
drives per engine, a total of 1,200 drives. Vault DAEs on port 0 are direct attached and have SPS
backup.
Port 1 DAEs can be direct attached and support a single daisy-chain DAE, but do not have SPS
backup. It is important to pay special attention to changes in DAE numbering for high density
systems.
In standard configurations, DAEs are numbered 1-10 from the bottom up. With the space savings
in a high density configuration, we have the ability to rack two additional high density drive DAEs
in the system bay. These two DAEs are the first level of daisy-chaining off the direct A1 and B1
attached DAEs.
In a standard or mixed configuration, the first level of A1 and B1 daisy-chain DAEs would normally
be located in storage bay 1A at the very bottom. To keep the integrity of the DAE numbering
scheme, the daisy-chain for A1 DAE is numbered 31, and the daisy-chain B1 DAE is numbered
41 in the system bay, where these high density DAEs are located. Therefore, DAEs are
numbered 1-4, 31, 41 in the lower half of the system bay, and 5-10 in the upper half of the
system bay for this type of configuration. Remaining the same, are the locations of the KVM, UPS,
and service processor in system bay 1. System bay 2 will still house the MIBE.
Note that even though the DAE count varies in standard, mixed, and high density configurations,
DAEs 1,2, 5, and 6 are always direct attached Vault DAEs.
The high density VMAX 10K File system offering supports the same drive count as the VMAX 10K
high density system, 4 total bays, all of which are system bays with 300 drives per engine (a total
of 1,200 drives).
In a mixed or standard DAE configuration, VMAX 10K File system offering reduces the DAE count
in storage bay 1 by 4. Engine 2 has a maximum of one level daisy chain. Engines 1, 3, and 4 have
two levels of daisy chain, so the standard and mixed drive count is 900 standard drives (58
DAEs), and 1460 mixed (56 dense DAEs 4 standard DAEs).
VMAX 10K (987) system bays (1 through 4) each have a single engine, two SPS trays, and disk
array enclosures (DAEs). System bay 2 (shown here) includes a MIBE. System bays 3 and 4 only
have a single engine, two SPS trays and DAEs.
Enginuity 5876 Q4 2012 SR supports 3rd party racks for VMAX 10K (987). This solution is
designed to serve a broad range of conforming racks and enclosures. Customers will be
providing the racks and enclosures along with power distribution infrastructure for this offering.
EMC will be responsible for installing and servicing the EMC equipment only. EMC does not install,
service, or warranty any non-EMC equipment.
Systems will ship in shipping racks specific for VMAX 10K (987) 3rd party racking systems. Once
delivered, EMC field engineers will un-rack the system and populate the 3rd party racks that
comply with EMC specifications.
Brand integrity will be maintained with a new 3U front engine bezel with company logo, VMAX
lettering and the blue flash light bar. Bezels will then be attached to every position within the rack
for proper air flow. System bay and DAE kits provide rails, labels, and FRU bezels. These are sent
to the site with the shipping rack. No doors or side panels are required.
It is important to note that each VMAX 10K (987) system bay or storage bay must be installed in
a separate rack or enclosure. Installations MUST maintain relative physical positions of supported
VMAX 10K (987) configurations.
The VMAX 10K (987) can be ordered with standard (15 drive) DAE or High Density (25 drive)
DAEs, and it can also be consolidated or dispersed. The illustrations show the 15 DAE as both
options; the maximum disk drives with 15 drive DAEs is 1080, and the 25 disk drive DAEs has 4
system bays and no drive bays to populate 1200 disk drives.
Storage bay 1B and 2B placement varies depending on system bay dispersion. storage bay
dispersion is not allowed.
A dispersion kit for system bay 3 includes 20 meter cables for both the Ethernet (purple/green)
and MIBE, cables for system bays 3 and 4, and optical (SFP) modules for the SIB for system bay
3. The 20 meter cables are used for routing purposes; maximum separation between the bays is
physically 10 meters. A dispersion kit for system bay 4 contains optical (SFP) modules for the SIB
for system bay 4.
With Enginuity 5876, Q4 AR will no longer provide support for 150 drive single bay systems, or
1080 drive configurations.
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K, and VMAX 10K servers come with a KVM
(keyboard/video/mouse) attached to them that runs the SymmWin and other utilities, e.g., SMC
and Call Home. The uninterruptible power supply (UPS) will keep the server, KVM, and optional
modem up and running in the event of an AC power failure. Preference over the implementation
of the ESRS Gateway has made modem setups a second choice.
In the event any of the KVM components fail, any regular VGA display, mouse, or keyboard can
be attached. The integrated keyboard does not need to be detached when a USB keyboard is
attached. They can work simultaneously, which could prove beneficial when the tracker ball of the
KVM keyboard is still in operation.
Clearly indicated in the illustration above, are the connections for the green (number 7) and
purple (number 6) Ethernet cables that are attached to the management modules of the lowest
and highest engines.
The engine will have a blue Ethernet cable attached to the port indicated by (number 8). Use this
port for ESRS implementation, not the CS-Spare port.
Illustrated on the standard is the service processor keyboard-video-mouse, where the user can
run SymmWin and other utilities. The uninterruptible power supply keeps the server, KVM, and
optional modem running in the event of an AC power failure.
For the VMAX 10K, like system bay 1, the dispersed system bay can have a remote 1U server
and KVM for servicing purposes (illustrated on the right of the slide), called the remote service
terminal. The remote service terminal allows for field personnel to connect to the primary
system bays service processor.
Both 1U servers are identical in hardware, but run different software applications.
The different components of the VMAX 40K engine are illustrated here. They are the power
supplies, back-end I/O modules, management modules, system interface boards (SIB), and front-
end I/O modules. In the VMAX 40K there are two SIBs per director, each director has four QSFP,
one to each of the four MIBEs.
The lower right illustration shows the locations of the odd and even directors within an engine,
including their respective front-end I/O module assignments.
The different components of the VMAX 20K and VMAX SE Engine are illustrated here. The VMAX
20K/VMAX and VMAX SE have a double wide system interface boards (SIB). Each VMAX
20K/VMAX and VMAX SE director have only two QSFP connections, one to each of the two MIBEs.
Engines are identical in VMAX 20K/VMAX and VMAX SE. Both VMAX 20K/VMAX and VMAX SE have
a single engine with 2 SPS and 2 MIBEs as minimum requirement. The single engine front view is
shown here with two power supplies and four fans (also referred to as blowers). The VMAX 40K
engine looks the same when viewed from the front, however, it has higher performance. All the
components shown are hot replaced, without Symmetrix downtime.
The illustration shows the management module. Within each engine, two management modules
monitor and control the environment the engine operates in. The management modules tasks
are:
(1) Monitor the SPS units

(2) Reset the UPS if required, and
(3) Communicate with other engines positioned in the same system.
Communication to several hardware components is provided through Ethernet. The Ethernet port,
as indicated by the number 4, could either be:
(1) directly connected to the service processor, or

(2) connected to another engine.
The Management Module is directly connected to the Service processorshould it be positioned in

either the highest or the lowest engine number in the system.
When performing an engine upgrade (adding an engine), the Ethernet cables need to be moved
accordingly. Engines are always daisy-chained to their abutting engines, positioned above and
below. The Management Module provides connectivity to the service processor. Between engines,
there is server connectivity for reset purposes, USB connectivity for the system bay door light,
and RS-232 connectivity to the server SPS.
The VMAX 10K management module, illustrated here, performs the same function as the VMAX
20K and 40K. The physical location in the engine is slightly different to the VMAX 20K. From the
rear view of the engine, the A management module (MM) is located on the right and the B MM
is on the left, as shown here.
The MIBE in a Symmetrix system provides complete redundancy for the Virtual Matrix. For VMAX
40K, there are now a total of 4 MIBEs, increasing the redundancy within the fabric. These
interface boards allow for Virtual Matrix interconnections between VMAX 40K engines. The module
shown here represents one half of the MIBE. Each director has four connections to the MIBE, one
to each interface board. The MIBE connections to the individual directors are displayed on the
lower part of this slide.
The VMAX 10K (959)/VMAXe and the VMAX 10K (987) look identical. The difference is the
processing power and performance of the directors. Each system bay has one engine, each engine
contains two directors. Each director has two 400W power supplies with fans, giving power
redundancy at the director level. From the front, you can see the four power supplies. Power
supplies are available in standard and high efficiency versions.
The names of the engine components and their physical locations are shown here; odd and even
directors each with power supplies, back-end I/O modules, management modules, and front-end
I/O modules. In this example, because this is a single engine system, SIBs are not required, and
therefore, filler panels are located in the SIB slots. Four front-end I/O modules are shown.
The names of the engine components and their physical locations are shown here; odd and even
directors each with power supplies, back-end I/O modules, management modules, system
interface boards (SIB), and front-end I/O modules. In this example, a system interface board
(SIB) is located in slot 0 because this is a multi-engine system.
The I/O module carrier holds two front-end I/O modules. They provide connection between the
director and an Open Systems or mainframe host through these front-end I/O modules. There is
an amber LED, indicating that a FAULT condition has occurred, and a green power good LED.
The Symmetrix VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K, and VMAX SE feature two I/O module carriers per engine.
(One designated for each director.) The VMAX 10K does not require an I/O module carrier.
There are two different types of I/O module carriers, with one distinct difference. Both carriers
support two (2) single wide, x8 PCI-E Gen2 SLICs (I/O modules) and both have onboard N+1
cooling. One of the two types of I/O module carriers will support 14.4 Gbps data compression for
SRDF.
Symmetrix VMAX engines support a variety of host connectivity. This is supported through the x8
PCI-E and Gen2 SLICs for VMAX 40K, or front-end I/O modules. The number and functionality of
front end ports on the I/O modules are configurable.
As shown in this illustration, the first type of I/O module is the four port Fibre Channel. A VMAX
40K system can have up to 128 fibre ports with a 2, 4, 8, or 16 Gb link speed.
The two port iSCSI/FCoE or SRDF front-end I/O modules are next. There can be up to 64 ports
configured in a VMAX 40K, with a link speed of 10 Gb.
The iSCSI and FCoE ports can be mixed with an I/O module being configured with one iSCSI port
and one FCoE port.
Finally, VMAX 40K also supports a two port FICON front-end I/O module. Up to 64 FICON ports
can be configured with 2, 4, or 8, Gb link speeds.
This I/O module can run FCoE, iSCSI, or GbE emulation. FCoE is a recently developed network
protocol that allows Fibre Channel (FC) frames to be transported over Ethernet. The hardware I/O
module supports 10 Gb/s speeds for front-end FCoE and iSCSI/GbE.
An FCoE, iSCSI, or GbE front-end I/O modules support the interface to a front-end FCoE or iSCSI
host, or the SRDF (GbE) connection to another Symmetrix VMAX 20K/VMAX, VMAX 40K system,
or the SRDF (GbE) to another Symmetrix VMAX 10K/VMAXe system. An iSCSI/GbE front-end I/O
module supports two ports. Until the introduction of this I/O module, iSCSI and GbE could only
run at 1 Gb/s speed.
The 10 Gb/s I/O module can be shared by two emulation instances, each getting one port. The
I/O module emulations can be configured as either iSCSI, GbE SRDF or FCoE, or any combination
of these emulation types.
Data at rest encryption (DARE) is used for back-end connectivity and has the capability to encrypt
the data on the drives. Use of this module is an all-or-nothing approach: all back-end modules in
all engines within the system bay are either equipped with encryption capable back-end I/O
modules, or with standard functionality. The Configure and Install New Symmetrix script will
check for qualification. A Padlock icon is displayed on the I/O modules handle, indicating that this
module is DARE.
The system interface boards (SIB) in the VMAX 10K, VMAX 20K, and SE models provide fabric
connectivity between a director and two (2) MIBEs.
Each VMAX 40K director now has four MIBEs over the VMAX/VMAX 20K, which just had two 2
MIBEs. To support the increase in MIBE to director fabric connections, a second dual port system
interface board (SIB) has been added for each VMAX 40K director.
VMAX systems run on three-phase AC power. Differences exist between cabinets due to the
choice between 2 types of AC power: 4-wire three-phase Delta power for which the details are
given here. Details on the 5-wire three-phase Wye are shown next. Each three-phase type has its
own part numbers. This relates to both the storage bay and the system bay. VMAX
10K(959)/VMAXe and VMAX 10K (987) can be also connected on single phase power.
For Symmetrix VMAX installations where a three-phase, five-wire Wye source is used, a 32 amp
circuit breaker is required, as illustrated here.
Two power distribution panels (PDPs), one for each zone, provide a centralized cabinet interface
and distribution control of the AC power input lines to the system and storage bays. The power
distribution panels contain the manual AC power On/Off control switches, which are accessible
through the rear door. Power distribution panels are three phase or single phase in VMAX 40K and
VMAX 20K/VMAX, and single phase in the VMAX 10K/VMAXe.
There are single phase and three phase PDPs. The user can either purchase or change over to
both single phase and three-phase powered VMAX 20K, VMAX 10K/VMAXe, and VMAX SE
systems. One of the conversion kits, the single phase power conversion kit, allows EMC to offer
VMAX systems to customers that have no three-phase AC power.
Power distribution panels are available for single phase, 3-phase WYE, and 3-phase Delta,
depending on the customers AC power type and geographical location.
This table shows how many single phase power drops are required per bay. The VMAX20K,
VMAX40Kstorage bay and the VMAX SE expansion bay require four AC line cords, two in each
zone. The only exception is the VMAX SE system bay, which requires only two single phase AC
line cords, one in each zone.
In-field conversion from three-phase to single phase results in four cable drops per bay.
Although the focus with single phase conversion is on the exchange and adding of power
distribution panels, single phase power distribution units also need to be added.
For the North American region, EMC provides the Hubbell male connector. For Australia, EMC
provides the Clipsal 56PA332 male connector. For all other international countries, EMC
provides the IEC male connector. Customers need to provide the respective couplers.
The green LED of the standby power supply (SPS) indicates On-line Enabled if the LED is steady
ON, and indicates On-line and Charging if the LED is FLASHING. Please keep in mind that
replacing an SPS requires the use of the lift tool, as these components are heavy (29 kg or 65
lbs).
One SPS tray is required for every four drive enclosures, and contains 2 SPS units with a total of
up to eight SPS units to support up to 16 drive enclosures in the VMAX storage bay. If AC power
fails to both Zone A and Zone B, the SPS assemblies can maintain power for two 5-minute
periods to allow the system to vault. Only then does the Symmetrix system shut down.
There are two AC-DC power supply modules in the VMAX engine that convert single phase AC
input power to a 12 volt DC output. The two logic enclosure power supplies located at the front
of the logic enclosure are power supply A and power supply B.
The power supply module can be replaced from the front of the array. To replace, access the
script from the SymmWin Procedure Wizard, then select FRU Replacement Tools.
The new Lithium-Ion (Li-ION) SPS battery pack has:
Less weight, vs. lead-acid,
Longer life than lead-acid, and has a
Modular and easily replaced battery pack
Also, the new SPS (SPS Electronics) is

Fully backward compatible to lead-acid, supporting all existing SPS commands and queries,
and
It also contains an easy-to-use battery pack (installation / removal)
The SPS unit supports mixing Lithium-ION (LI-ION) and lead acid within a system. Vertical
applications can mix at the individual SPS level, and horizontal applications can mix at the SPS
tray level, however, there is no mixing within the tray.
In the Symmetrix VMAX 20K and 40K, each engine contains 2 power supplies and 4 blower
modules positioned in the front of the array. The fan has a yellow fault LED, which is off if no
fault condition is detected on the module. It blinks for 10 seconds when 12 volts are initially
applied, and turns off if no fault exists. The Fault LED turns on if a fault or low fan RPM
condition is detected.
For the Symmetrix VMAX, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is used to keep the server and
KVM up and running in the event of an AC power failure. The UPS contains four status LEDs:
A green LED is lit during normal UPS operation to show AC power is present; blinking indicates
that the battery is charging.
An amber LED (On battery) is lit when the UPS is operating on battery power.
A red LED (Replace battery) is lit if the battery is detected to be low in capacity or in an out of
specification condition.
Power unbalanced indicator is used for an imbalance with 3-phase power.
SymmWin Environmental tools allow checking the status of hardware components for all VMAX
models. As illustrated here, we can request the status of an individual module or all modules.
Also available on the sub-menus, are health check, physical view, alarms, power system, fabric
system, vault and memory components.
Vault system saves the Symmetrix VMAX cache information to disk. Power vault system was
designed to limit the time necessary to power off the box on battery power. Underwriters
Laboratories Inc. (UL) requires that if a data center loses power, all components within that data
center must shut down in five minutes of battery hold-up time.
Power vault allows a Symmetrix to power down within that time. Power vault saves global
memory to specific vault drives on power down. On power up, the data is loaded to cache so that
it may be destaged to the correct location. A minimum amount of vault devices and standby
power supplies (SPSs) are calculated and monitored by the power vault state machine. If the
minimum is reached due to failing devices or power is lost, a vault will be triggered and will be
saved to the vault devices, and, if necessary, the system will then power down.
The vault image is fully redundant; contents of global memory above the vault line are saved
twice to independent disks. Each available disk director writes 16MB chunks of data to PV devices.
Vault Save saves each region on two separate PV devices, so there are two copies of GM above
the vault line saved. The PV device region pair attempts to be on opposite DAs and power zones,
as shown on this slide. If DAs or PV devices are unavailable, the PV Save algorithm is not able to
lay out the data, as specified on this slide. The Vault Save attempts to save a complete copy of
memory, first, before moving on to start the second save operation. In this example, only two
directors are used.
The vault capacity on each Symmetrix model is different: the VMAX 10K is 9 GB per vault drive on
20 drives per Engine; the VMAX 20K is 5 GB per vault drive (4.5 GB used) on 40 drives per
engine; the VMAX 40K needs double the vault space, and has 9 GB per vault drive on 40 drives
per engine.
This lesson covered the Symmetrix VMAX components, as well as power system elements and
an introduction to vault system.
This lesson covers the storage bay unit and the various sections of the disk array enclosure
(DAE).
The VMAX 40K and VMAX 20K storage bays (both high density and standard) support 4Gb
backend (BE) only. Each storage bay contains 16 DAEs, and each DAE has two link control cards
(LCC). Each LCC has one primary port attaching to the disk director and one expansion port
allowing additional DAEs to be added (daisy chaining). Each Engine contains 2 back-end (BE)
directors, each with 2 QSFP backend (BE) I/O modules (8 BE ports per director), and there are 64
redundant disk channels/loops. Storage bays are fully cabled from the factory as either direct
connect or daisy chain.
In the high density storage bay, an additional high density DAE increments the loop by 25 (25
drive loop, then 50 drive loop) with up to 50 drives per loop. In the VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K
standard storage bay eachadditionalstandardDAE increments theloopby15diskdrives.
With appropriate cabling, daisy chaining support enables:

VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K with High Density DAEs with up to 50 drives per loop, max drive
count of up to 3,200 2.5 drives,
VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K with standard DAEs with up to 30 and 45 drives per loop, max drive
count of up to 2,400 3.5drives,
VMAX 20K capacity drive loops with up to 75 drives per loop (not supported at VMAX 40K)
max drive count of up to 2,400 3.5drives
Customers can save valuable data center floor space by using the dense DAEs with high density
storage bays. The dense DAEs are installed horizontally in the bay with SPS carriers located,
starting from the very bottom, at every fourth (every 4 DAEs) DAE. A total of sixteen (16) DAEs
can be installed in the high density storage bay, for a total of 400 drives. This yields a maximum
of 3,200 drives in a fully scaled VMAX 40K or VMAX 20K high density configuration.
This slide shows the front view of a standard storage bay fully cabled and a fully populated front
view. Two types of standard storage bay are required; direct-connect and daisy chain. Each bay
contains 16 standard DAEs; each standard DAE contains up to 15 drives, giving a maximum total
of 240 drives per bay.
The storage bay is shipped from the factory fully cabled at the LCC (link control card) end. All
cables have both From and To labeling, showing all information needed to cable up a system, or
to trace a cable in the event troubleshooting is necessary.
QSFP (quad small form-factor pluggable) cables are used to connect 4 DAE LCC primary ports to
one back-end I/O module. LCC-A primary port connects to the odd director, while LCC-B primary
port connects to the even director of the same engine over the HSSDC (high speed serial data
connectors). The expansion ports are used to add another level of daisy chaining. If a half
populated bay is ordered, it will contain blank space cards (already cabled) for future non-
disruptive upgrades.
VMAX 10K (959) /VMAXe may contain two types of standard storage bays. Storage bays 1A and
1B contain twelve standard DAEs and enable first and second level daisy chaining (30 then 45
drive loops). Storage bay 2B contains eight standard DAEs (DAEs 1, 2, 7, and 8 are omitted) and
enables third-level daisy chaining (60 drive loops).
Each standard DAE contains up to 15 drives, giving a maximum total of 180 drives in storage
bays 1A and1B, and 120 drives in storage bay 2B. Note that VMAX 10K storage bays do not have
SPSs.
If both Zone A and Zone B power is lost, the disks will spin down, only drives in Vault DAEs 1, 2,
7, and 8 in the system bays have SPS power. New installs do not support storage bay 2B or 1,080
drive configurations. Existing systems running 1,080 drive configurations (with storage bay 2B)
can upgrade to 5876.159.102 code and above, and the configuration will still be supported.
VMAX 10K (987) does not support storage bay 2B (3rd level of daisy chaining). Storage bays 1A
and 1B are only supported when the configuration is all standard DAEs, or mixed standard DAE
and high density DAE. As long as there are a minimum of 4 standard DAEs in system bay 1,
then storage bays 1A and 1B can be configured with all high density DAE, all standard DAEs, or
a mixture of both.
Like VMAX 10K (959) /VMAXe storage bays 1A and 1B contain up to twelve DAEs and enable
first and second level daisy chaining. Each high density DAE contains up to 25 drives, giving a
maximum total of 300 drives in storage bays 1A and1B. Note that storage bays do not have
SPS. If both Zone A and Zone B power is lost, the disks will spin down.
Symmetrix VMAX systems will support dense drive configurations utilizing dense 2U disk array
enclosures (DAE). Each dense DAE can hold up to twenty-five (25) 2.5 drives. These 2.5 drives
come in 100GB, 200GB, and 400GB sizes for Enterprise Flash, and 300GB and 600GB for 10K RPM
SAS drives. The dense DAE uses native Fiber Channel protocol. At the rear of the dense DAE there
are two (2) power supplies with onboard cooling and two (2) link control cards (LCC) used for
connectivity to the DA directors.
Symmetrix VMAX arrays are configured with capacities up to 120 3.5 disk drives for a half
populated bay, or 240 3.5 disk drives for a fully populated bay.
Each drive enclosure includes the following components:

Redundant power and cooling modules for disk drives,
Two link control cards (LCCs), and
5 to 15 disk drives
Symmetrix VMAX 40K, VMAX 20K, and VMAX 10K (987) systems will support dense drive
configurations utilizing dense 2U disk array enclosures (DAE). Each high density DAE can hold
up to twenty-five (25) 2.5 drives. These 2.5 drives come in 100GB, 200GB, and 400GB sizes
for Enterprise Flash, and 300GB and 600GB for 10K RPM SAS drives.
The high density DAE uses native Fibre Channel protocol. At the rear of the high density DAE,
there are two (2) power supplies with onboard cooling, and two (2) link control cards (LCC)
used for connectivity to the DA directors.
The table shows the typical disk drives supported for each model.
Each disk has a green and amber LED. The green LED lights intermittently to indicate disk
activity. The amber LED is used to mark the drive, and can be turned on manually or by a
replacement script. All drives are formatted at 520 byte sectors, except drives used for the
AS400, which are formatted at 528. Drives in the Symmetrix VMAX models have dual colored
emblem labels.
*Note: Always check EMC Online Support for updated information.

(Symmipedia http://www.cs.isus.emc.com/config/home1.htm)
(EMC Online Support https://support.emc.com)
Planning and configuration considerations for Flash drives are listed on this slide.
Sparing is supported using Flash drives. However, SymmWin will block sparing between Flash
drives and magnetic disk drives to avoid potential performance issues.
There is a minimum of one spare for 1 to 32 Flash drives per drive type, or 2 spares per 100
drives if there are more than 32 Flash drives per drive type.
Flash drive spares do not count toward the minimum number of hard disk drive spare drives.
This lesson covered Symmetrix VMAX storage bay components, including the different DAEs and
disk drive types.
This course covered The Symmetrix VMAX architecture, the various Symmetrix VMAX models
and configurations, and a description of their components.
This concludes the training.

VMAX1 and VMAX2 Hardware Fundamentals - SRG

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Welcome to VMAX1 and VMAX2 Hardware Fundamentals.

Revision Date: April 2015

Revision Number: MR-1WP-SYMMHWSP

System bay 3 contains 10 DAEs and engine 3.

System bay 4 contains 10 DAEs and engine 4.

Note: Storage bay 2B is not supported at VMAX 10K (987).

The colors for the various octants are as follows:

ES 1 (Dir 1 and Dir 2): Pink

VMAX 10K (987) standard configurations:

VMAX 10K (987) dense configurations:

VMAX 10K (987) mixed configurations:

(1) Monitor the SPS units

(1) directly connected to the service processor, or

The Management Module is directly connected to the Service processorshould it be positioned in

Also, the new SPS (SPS Electronics) is

With appropriate cabling, daisy chaining support enables:

Each drive enclosure includes the following components:

*Note: Always check EMC Online Support for updated information.

(EMC Online Support https://support.emc.com)

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