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Mzumbe University
Faculty of Science and Technology
MSS 211:Abstract Algebra
Tutorial sheet 2
i) (a 1 ) 1 = a for all a 2 G.
ii) (a ? b) 1 = b 1 ? a 1 for all a; b 2 G.
iii) (Cancelation Law) For all a; b; c 2 G , if either a?c = b ? c or c ? a = c ? b, then a = b.
iv) For all a; b 2 G , the equations a?x = b and y ?a = b have unique solutions in G for x and y .
b) (g m )n = mn for all
g 2Z m; n
8. Let + and be the usual binary operations of addition and multiplication on the set Z, and let H = fn2 jn 2 Z+ g.
Determine whether H is closed under
MSS 211 SEM 1 2016/2017 2
a) ? dened on Z by letting a ? b = ab + 1
b) ?dened on Q by letting a ? b = ab
2
+
c) ? dened on Z by letting a ? b = ab
12. Determine whether the following denition of ? does give a binary operation on the set.
a) ? dened on Z by letting a ? b = ab + 1
b) ?dened on Q by letting a ? b = ab
2
+
c) ? dened on Z by letting a ? b = ab
!
13. Let H be the subset of M 2 (R) consisting of all matrices of the form
a b
for a; b 2 R. Is H closed under
b a
a) matrix addition?
b) matrix multiplication?
15. Prove that, a cyclic group with only one generator can have at most two elements.
16. Let H be a subset of a group G . Prove that, H is a subgroup of G if and only if H 6= ;, and whenever g; h 2H
then gh 1 2 H.
17. Let x be an element of a group G . Then the set of all elements of G that are of the form x
n for some integer n,
is a subgroup of G . Prove this statement.
18. Prove that, if H and K are subgroups of a group G , then H \ K is also a subgroup of G .
19. Let G be a group and a be any element in G . Then prove that, the set
h i=f
a a
k : k 2 Zg
is a subgroup of G .
20.