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The Assassination of Andres Bonifacio and Antonio Luna

Excerpts from Julio Nakpil's 'Apuntes Sobre La Revolucion Filipina' (Notes on the Philippine Revolution)

Page 30 'The Death of Bonifacio'

The Bonifacio brothers were accused of promoting a counter revolution to overthrow the power of Aguinaldo.

Unfortunately this slanderous accusation of Aguinaldo and his partisans was very common in Cavite. Andres Bonifacio c
differences, saying to him: "If you are offended by my behavior, name your seconds, hour, and place!"

The only reply of Aguinaldo was to send a company under the command of Colonel Ingtong (Agapito Monzon) which fo

The Bonifacios asked them where they were going and invited them to join them at breakfast, to which they replied tha
going reconnoitering.

Then the Bonifacio brothers, unaware of what was going to happen to them, continued eating, their firearms being far
began to seize the firearms of the Bonifacio men and when theY became aware of what was happening they were alrea

Nevertheless, there was, a struggle, but very unequal. According to the eyewitnesses, the one who stabbed A. Bonifaci

The Bonifacios were also accused of drawing away soldiers from the Revolution in Cavite, the plan of Bonifacio being to
Emilio Jacinto and the undersigned (i.e. Julio Nakpil) who were operating in the provinces of Manila, Laguna, and Moro

It was an act of banditry: The jewels and money of the families of the murdered men were confiscated like war booty.

Chapter VII, page 103 'The Death of General Luna'

(D)riven by his patriotic fervor, he (General Antonio Luna) did not conceal his desire to be the head of the cabinet with
from controlling the government of the republic.

They slandered him of wishing to wrest the presidency from Emilio Aguinaldo, and for that purpose they invited him to
whom he had disarmed for cowardice in different war actions to deal him the deathblow. Do not lose sight of the fact th
conference absented himself, which was a cowardly stratagem.

When General A. Luna was dastardly assassinated on the stairs of the Convent of Kabanatuan and already fallen on the
window and asked: "Ano, humihinga pa ba?" (Is he still breathing?)

The Spanish soldier-prisoners who witnessed this iniquitous assassination said: "We admired the valor and intrepidity o
fallen to the ground, could still shout: "Cowardly Cavitenios !"

History condemns these barbaric acts, He (E, Aguinaldo) also gave orders to assassinate the undersigned to Generals S
orders for considering them infamous, unjust, and without any motive, whatever. It was nothing more than a mean an

General Pio del Pilar himself told me this in his barracks at San Pedro Makati, when Manila was under blockade.

Pages 157 and 158 'The Capture of Aguinaldo'

Emilio Aguinaldo's surrender to the American's was a cowardly act. There was no doubt that he coveted the presidency
he would occupy the post of president of tne Republic.

Had he fought with his captors, regardless of whether he succumbed so that he might be considered a hero, at least to
monument to the second hero of the Philippines, unlike what he did delivering himself as prisoner and afterward taking
The crimes he committed against Andres Bonifacio and Antonio Luna, and his attempt to assassinate the undersigned (
Universal Freemasonry ought to expel him and declare him a spurious son. The coward finds many dangers where non

March, 1897 - A persistent rumor circulated that Andres Bonifacio was paid by the friars to promote the rebellion again
work of his enemies to discredit him?

Emilio Aguinaldo censured by those from Cavite. On account of the abuses and immoralities of his soldiers, such as rob
complaints were brought to E. Aguinaldo; but, instead of punishing the culprits, he would reply invariably: "Please be p

Among the despicable ones was a Major surnamed Ritual who boastfully recounted with the greatest pleasure and effro
house in one of the towns of Cavite finding there two sisters, single and pretty. As they would not accede to their satyr
hips, and when the other protested and shouted for help, then Ritual himself hit them with the butt of his gun until the
they succeeded to satisfy their vile appetite.

Many of these barbarous acts occurred in Cavite principally, inasmuch as they were left unpunished. Under Andres Bon
punished. Ritual related this in the presence of Atilano Sta. Ana, two Spanish soldiers who were deserters, and the und
Thanks that I was able to refrain from shooting him with my revolver for fear of committing murder.

Finally, Emilio Aguinaldo ought to give an example of national solidarity. Considering those murders committed by him
indignant relatives as well as their friends and the people in general did not rise against him for the sake of national un

His ambition to occupy the presidency is fully demonstrated when General L. Wood promised it to him (deceiving him f
independence'. It is a common belief that this post would be occupied by one who held it during the Revolution, and fo
instrument the Veterans of the Revolution, endeavoring to establish throughout the Archipelago Commandancias Depa

Another reproach against Aguinaldo was his acceptance of P12,OOO as annual life-pension so that he is already paid fo

He himself destroyed his work due to his excessive ambition for grandeur and riches, and the like. Had he renounced t
Revolution. he would have performed an act of patriotism and charity.

I swear before God and before History that everything related in these notes is the truth and I entreat the historian no

(Signed) JULIO NAKPIL - Year 1925

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