AP US History - Chapter 35 Key Terms

1. ABC-1 agreement - Agreement between the US and Britain to "get Germany first"
before worrying about Japan.

2. Executive Order No. 9066 - Law that forced many Japanese-Americans into
internment camps, potentially unconstitutional although deemed so by the
Supreme Court.

3. War Production Board (WPB) - Government agency created to assist in wartime

production.

4. Office of Price Administration (OPA) - Government agency created to control

ascending prices and provide rationing.

5. National War Labor Board (NWLB) - Government agency that imposed ceilings on
wage increases; contested by many labor unions.

6. Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act - Authorized the federal government so seize and

operate tied-up industries, made strikes against any government-operated
industry a criminal offense. Allowed the government to temporarily take control
of the coal mines and railroads.

7. WACs (Women's Army Corps) - Women serving in the army.

8. WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service) - Women serving in the
navy.

9. SPARs (U.S. Coast Guard Women's Reserve) - Women serving in the coast guard.

10. Bracero program - Agreement with Mexico that allowed thousands of Mexican
agricultural workers across the border to harvest the fruit and grain crops of the West.

11. Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) - Government agency that forbid
discrimination in defense industries.

12. Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) - Militant organization committed to nonviolent

"direct action" on the behalf of race relations.

13. code talkers - Comanche and Navajo Indians used in the war to transmit messages in
order that they would not be intercepted.

14. Midway, Battle of - Battle where Japan hoped to occupy a strategic island northwest of
Honolulu, but Japan failed after losing four vitally important carriers.
15. D-Day - Invasion of France through Normandy, Germans were misled by expecting the
blow to fall further north.

16. V-E (Victory in Europe) Day - Marked the unconditional surrender of the German
government after Hitler's suicide.

17. Potsdam conference - Conference in Berlin between Truman, Stalin, and British leaders
that delivered an ultimatum to Japan.

18. Manhattan Project - Project to develop the atomic bomb, helped by Albert Einstein.

19. V-J (Victory in Japan) Day - Unconditional surrender of the Japanese government after
the atomic explosions.