John Philip Mateo Statistics

11 Stem

Define the following:

Population Parameter:

The population parameter can be defined as a quantity or statistical measure which,

for any provided population, is every time fixed and which is used as the value of a
variable in any of the general distribution or frequency function in order to make a
descriptive of the given population.

There are mainly two types of estimate for population parameters. They can be as
follows:

Point Estimate - Take any sample from the population, a particular value can be
estimated which will serve as a point estimate for the required population.
o Example. Suppose I wanted to estimate the mean height of all female
students at UNC. I took a sample in this class and the sample mean was
x = 65.5 (inches). So the obvious thing to do is to take that as an
estimate for the population mean. But I didnt have to use the sample
mean. I could have taken the sample median (65) or the sample mode
(63). It makes sense to ask which is better.
Interval Estimate - In this type we will be able to take any two limits between
which the parameter may be expected to lie, with the probability of it being found
in the range.
o Example. In a college of 25,000 students, the administration would like to
know for what proportion of students both parents had completed college.
A sample of 350 students was drawn at random and in that sample, 276 of
the students said that both their parents had completed college.

Probability and Non-Probability sample:

Probability sampling is a sampling technique, in which the subjects of the population

get an equal opportunity to be selected as a representative sample while Nonprobability
sampling is a method of sampling where in, it is not known that which individual from the
population will be selected as a sample.