12th (chemistry )

(chemical equi.)
Max.time- 1 hour max.marks 120
1. According to law of Mass Action, for the reaction A + 2B product
(a) Rate =k [A] [B] (b) Rate =k [A]2 [B] (c) Rate =k [A] [B]2 (d) Rate =k [A] .1/2[B]

2. Which of the following oxides of nitrogen will be the most stable one?
16
(a) 2NO2(g) N2 (g) + 2 O2 (g), K = 6.7 x 10 mol/L
(b) 2N2O5(g) 24
2 N2 (g) + 5 O2 (g), K = 1.2 x 10 mol/L

(c) 2NO (g) 30

N2 (g) + O2 (g), K = 2.2 x 10 mol/L

(d) 2NO2 (g) 33

2 N2 (g) + O2 (g), K = 3.5 x 10 mol/L

3. Which of the following factors will change the value of equilibrium constant for the reaction
between N2 and O2
(a) increase in concentration of N2 and O2 (b) increasing the pressure
(c) adding a catalyst (d) increasing the temperature

4. For the reaction 2 NH3 (g)

N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g), the units of Kp will be
(a) atm (b) (atm)2 (c) (atm)2 (d) (atm)3

5. If k1 an k2 are the respective equilibrium constants for the two reactions,

(i) XeF6 (g) + H2O (g) XeOF4 + 2HF
(ii) XeO4 + XeF6
XeOF4 (g) + XeO3F2 (g)

the equilibrium constant for the reaction, XeO 4 + 2 HF (g) XeO3F2 (g) + H2O (g) will be
(a) k1k2 (b) k1/(k2)2 (c) k1/k2 (d) k2/k1

6. A reaction mixture containing 0.5 atm N2, 3.0atm H2 and 0.50 atm of NH3 is heated to 725 K. If the
value of kp at 725K is 4.28 x 1015 atm2, in which direction the following reaction will go?
N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)
2 NH3 (g)
(a) forward (b) backward
(c) reaction will be in equilibrium (d) none of these

7. The reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g), proceeds in one step. If specific rate constants for the
forward and backward reactions are 25 x 102 and 5.0 x 103 respectively, the value of Kc is
(a) 2.5 x 106 (b) 2.0 x 104 (c) 4.0 x 102 (d) 5.0 x 105

8. For the reaction PCI3 (g) + CI2 (g) 0

PCI5 (g), the value of Kc at 250 C is 26.If the pressure is
measured in atmosphere, the value of Kp at this temperature will be:
(a) 0.61 (b) 0.83 (c) 0.57 (d) 0.46

9. At 127 and 1 atm pressure, a gaseous mixture of CO and CO 2 in equilibrium with solid carbon has 89%

CO by mass Calculate Kc for this reaction at the above temperature C (s) + CO2 (g) 2 CO (g).
(a) 1.32 (b) 0.234 (c) 0.153 (d) 0.412

10. The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction BaCO 3 (g) BaO (s) + CO2 (g) is
BaO s CO2 g
(a) (PCO2) (b) (PCO) (c) (d) [BaCO3]
BaCO3 s

11. If Kp for the reaction, A (g) + 2B (g) 3C (g) +D (g),
is 0.05 atm at 1000K. Its Kc in terms of R will be
(a) 20000R (b) 0.02R (c) 5 x 105 R (d) 5 x 105/ R

12. For the given reaction: CO2 + 2H2O - + -7

HCO 3(g) + H3O . The equilibrium constant is 3.8 x 10 and
pH = 6. The ratio of [HCO3]-/[CO2] is

By- AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

 (a) 0.38 (b) 3.8 (c) 3.8 x 10-18 (d) 13.4

13. The reaction quotient (Q) for the reaction N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)
2 NH3 (g) is given by Q =
NH 3 2

N2 H2 3
The reaction will proceed from right to left if
(a) Q = KC (b) Q < KC (c) Q > KC (d) Q = 0

14. The ionization constant of NH4+ in water is 5.6 1010 at 25C. The rate constant for the reaction of
NH4+ and OH to form NH3 and H2O at 25C is 3.4 1010 L mol1 s1. Calculate the rate constant for
proton transfer from water to NH3
(a) 1.2 x 105 (b) 67 x 108 (c) 5.6 x 105 (d) 6.07 x 105

15. A solution contains 0.1 M H2S and 0.3 M HCl. Calculate the concentration of HS - and S-2 ions in the
solution. For H2S, Ka1 = 1.0 x 10-7 and Ka 2 = 1.3 x 10-13.
(a) 3.33 x 10-8M, 1.44 x 10-20 (b) 3.35 x 10-6M, 1.40 x 10-18 M
(c) 3.33 x 108M, 1.44 x 1020 (d) 3.35 x 10-7M, 1.44 x 10-19 M

16. For the reaction 2HCl (g) 5

H2(g) + Cl2 (g), the Kc is 1.0 x 10 . If the equilibrium concentration of H 2
and Cl2 are 1.2 x 103 M and 1.2 x 104 M, the concentration of HCl is
(a) 12 x 102 M (b) 12 x 104 M (c) 12 x 103 M (d) 12 x 105 M

17. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour at its boiling point. On the average, the molecules in the
two phases have equal
(a) intermolecular forces (b) potential energy
(c) kinetic energy (d) both kinetic and potential energy

18. The volume of the reaction vessel containing an equilibrium mixture in the reaction
SO2Cl2(g)
SO2(g) + Cl2(g) increased, when equilibrium is re established.
(a) The amount of SO2 (g) will be decrease
(b) The amount of SO2Cl2 (g) will be increase
(c) The amount of Cl2 (g) will be increased
(d) The amount of Cl2 (g) will remained unchanged

19. Consider the reaction: (i) PCI5 (g)

PCl3 + Cl2 (g) & (ii) N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g).
The addition of an inert gas at constant volume
(a) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(b) will reduce the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(c) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 and step up the formation of NO2
(d) will not disturb the equilibrium of the reactions

20. An industrial fuel, water gas which consists of a mixture of H 2and CO can be made by passing steam
over redhot carbon. The reaction is
C(s) + H2O(g) CO (g) + H2(g), H = +131 kJ
Which of the following statement is true at equilibrium?
(a) If the amount of C (s) is increased, less water would be formed
(b) If the amount of C (s) is increased, more CO and H 2 would be formed
(c) If the pressure on the system is increased by halving the volume, more water would be formed
(d) If the pressure on the system is increased by halving the volume, more CO and H 2 would be
formed

21. The reaction A + B C + D proceeds to right hand side upto 99.9%. The equilibrium constant K of
the reaction will be
(a) 104 (b) 105 (c) 106 (d) 108

22. Which of the following graphs represents an exothermic reaction?

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

 (a) (b) (c) (d)

lnkp lnkp lnkp lnkp

1/T 1/T 1/T 1/T

23. 2.2 moles of phosphorus pentachloride were taken in a closed vessel and dissociated into phosphorus
trichloride and chlorine. At equilibrium, the total number of moles of the reactant and the products
was 2.53. The degree of dissociation is
(a) 0.33 (b) 0.165 (c) 0.15 (d) 0.30

24. Which of the following statements are correct?

(a) For a close system, S is always maximum at equilibrium
(b) The addition of a reactant gas to an ideal gas reaction mixture shifts the equilibrium in such a
way that some of the added gas is used up
(c) In any close system, G is always minimum at equilibrium
(d) In the limit T 0, G0 approaches H0

25. The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 1 x 10 20 at 300 K. The standard free energy change for
this reaction is
(a) 115 KJ (b) +115 KJ (c) + 126 KJ (d) 126 KJ
26. For the two equilibrium given below the equilibrium constants are K 1 and K2 respectively. What is
the relationship between K1 and K2.
A2 + B2 2 AB (K1) and 1/3 A2 + 1/3 B2 2/3 AB (K2)
(a) k2 = (k1)1/3 (b) k1 = (k2)1/3 (c) k1 = k2 (d) k2 = (k1)1/2

27. If Ag+ + 2 NH3 = Ag (NH3)2+ ; k1 = 1.8 107

Ag+ + Cl = AgCl; K2 = 5.6 x 109 then for AgCl + 2 NH3 = Ag (NH3)2+ + Cl, equilibrium constant k will be
(a) 0.32 x 102 (b) 0.31 x 103 (c) 1.00 x 1017 (d) 1.00 x 1017

28. The equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction, N2 + 3H2 2NH3, is K and for the reaction,
1/2 N2 + 3/2 H2
NH3, the equilibrium constant is k. k and k will be related as
(a) k = k (b) k = k (c) k = k (d) k x k = 1

29. The equilibrium constant for the reaction PCl 5

PCl3 (g) + Cl2 g) is 2.4 x 10-3.Calculate the
equilibrium constant for the backward reaction at the same temperature.
(a) 2.4 x 10-3 (b) 4.2 x 10-3 (c) 2.4 x 10-1 (d) 4.2 x 102

30. For the reaction the CO (g) + Cl2 (g) COCl2 (g), Kp/Kc is equal to
(a) 1/RT (b) RT (c) RT (d) 1.0

31. In which of the following reactions, Kp and Kc will have the same numerical value?

(a) 2 SO2 + O2 2 SO3 (b) N2 + 3 H2 2 NH3 (c) PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 (d) N2 + O2 2 NO

32. For the system A (g) +2B (g) C(g) the equilibrium concentration are A = 0.06mol/L, B = 0.12mol/L
and C = 0.216mol/L .The K eq for the reaction is
(a) 250 (b) 4 x 10-3 (c) 416 (d) 125

33. Steam reacts with iron at high temperature to give hydrogen gas and Fe 3O4(s). The correct
expression for the equilibrium constant is

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

 PH PH Fe3O4
4 4

(a)
PH22
(b) 2
(c) 2
(d)
Fe3 O 4
PH22O PH O
4
PH O Fe
4
Fe
2 2

34. The oxidation of SO2 by O2 to SO3 is an exothermic reaction. The yield of SO3 will be maximum if
(a) temperature is increased and pressure is kept constant
(b) temperature is reduced and pressure is increased
(c) both temperature and pressure are increased
(d) both temperature and pressure are decreased

35. When pressure is applied to equilibrium: ice = water, which of the following will occur?
(a) Equilibrium will not be disturbed (b) Water will evaporate
(c) More water will be formed (d) More ice will be formed

36. A cylinder filled with a movable piston contains liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at
250C. Which one of the following operations results in a decrease in the equilibrium vapour pressure?
(a) Moving the piston downward a short distance
(b) Removing small amount of vapour
(c) Removing small amount of the liquid water
(d) Dissolved salt in the water

37. For reaction PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g), the forward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by
(a) introducing an inert gas at constant volume
(b) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
(c) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(d) decreasing the volume of container

38. According to LeChateliers principle, adding heat a solid and liquid in equilibrium will cause the
(a) amount of solid to decrease (b) amount of liquid to decrease
(c) temperature to rise (d) temperature to fall

39. When CH3COOH and C2H5OH are mixed together in equimolar proportions, equilibrium is attained
when 2/3 of the acid and alcohol are consumed. The equilibrium constant of the reaction will be
(a) 0.4 (b) 4.0 (c) 0.04 (d) 40.0

40. Consider the following equilibrium in a closed container: N 2O4 (g) 2 NO2 (g)
At a fixed temperature, the volume of the reaction container is halved. For this change, which of
the following statements hold true regarding the equilibrium constant (K p) and degree of
dissociation ()?
(a) Neither Kp nor changes (b) Both Kp and change
(c) Kp changes, but does not change (d) Kp does not change but changes

41. If a is the fraction of N2O4 molecules dissociated in the reaction (N 2O4 2NO2), then at equilibrium,
the total number of moles of N2O4 and NO2 present will be
(a) a (b) 1+a (c) 2a (d) 1- a
42. HI was heated in a sealed tube at 4400C till the equilibrium was reached .HI was found to be 22%
decomposed. The equilibrium constant for dissociation is
(a) 0.282 (b) 0.0796 (c) 0.0199 (d) 1.99
43. If is the fraction of HI dissociated at equilibrium in the reaction, 2HI H2 + I2, starting with 2 mol
of HI, the total number of moles of the reactants and product at equilibrium is (are)
(a) 1 (b) 1 + (c) 2 (d) 2 +
44. The value of kp at 298K for the reaction N 2 + 3/2 H2 2 NH3 is 826, partial pressure being
measured in atmosphere units. The value of G at 298K is
(a) 3980 cals (b) 3980 cals (c) 3500 cals (d) 3500 cals
45. The value of G0 for a reaction, having K = 1, would be
(a) -RT (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) +RT

************ALL THE BEST***********

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

Solution-
1. For the reaction A + 2B product rate is given as, Rate =k [A] [B] 2. Hence, correct option is (c).

2. Lower the equilibrium constant, less is the backward reaction favoured, thus greater is the stability. Hence the
correct option is (a).

3. Equilibrium constant changes with change of temperature, it is independent of initial concentration, pressure
or presence of catalyst. Hence the correct option is (d).

PN2 X PH32 (atm)4

4. Kp = = atm2. Hence the correct option is (b).
2
PNH3
(atm)2

5. (i) XeF6 (g) + H2O (g) XeOF4 + 2HF; k1
(ii) XeO4 + XeF6
XeOF4 (g) + XeO3F2 (g); k2

(iii)XeO4 + 2 HF (g) XeO3F2 (g) + H2O (g); k3

Division of k2 by k1 gives k3, then
XeOF4 XeO3F2 XeF6 H2O XeO3F2 H2O
K2/k1 = X = = K3. Hence, the correct option is (d).
XeO4 XeF6 XeOF4 HF
2
XeO4 HF
2

6. k=
NH3 2 0.502 = 18.18
N2 H2 3 0.53.03
Since, Qc is greater than Kc, therefore, net reaction will go in the backward direction. Hence, the correct option
is (b).

Kf 25x10 2
7. Kc = = = 5 x 105. Hence, the correct option is (d).
Kb 5x10 3

8. Kp = Kc (RT)n, where ng = 12 = 1, Kp = 26 x (0.0821 x 523)1 = 0.61. Hence, correct option is (a).

9. Let total mass of the gaseous mixture be = 100 g

Mass of CO = 89 g ; Mass of CO2 = 11 g
Moles of CO = 89/28 = 3.17 ; Moles of CO2 = 11/44 = 0.25
Total number of moles of gases = 3.17 + 0.25 = 3.42
3.17
Pco = x 1= 0.926 atm
3.42
0.25
P co2 = x 1= 0.073 atm
3.42

Kp =
2
pCO

0.938 = 14.12 2

PCO
2
0.0623
Kp = kc (RT)n
= kc(RT) n = (21) = 1
kc = Kp/RT = 14.21/0.0821 X 1127 = 0.153. Hence, the correct option is (c).

BaO s CO2 g
10. K=
BaCO3 s

k = [CO2(g)] because [BaO (s)] = [BaCO3 (s)] = 1. Thus Kp= pCO2 . Hence, the correct option is (a).

11. n value for the given reaction is +1

Kp = kc(RT)n, kc = kp/(RT) n

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

 0.05 5 x 10-5
kc = = . Hence, the correct option is (d).
1 R
(R x 1000)

[HCO3 ][H3O ]
12. CO2 + 2H2O
HCO3
-
(g) + H3O+. Kc = ; pH = 6, [H3O+] = 10-6
[CO2 ][H2O]2
HCO3
[HCO3 ] x 106 = 3.8 x10
7
3.8 x 10-7 = = 0.38. Hence, the correct option is (a).
[CO2 ] CO2 106

13. The reaction proceeds from right to left when Q > Kc, so that Q tends to decrease to become equal to Kc. Hence
the correct option is (c).

14. NH 4
NH3 + H ; K1 = 5.6 10
+ 10

H2O
OH + H : k2 = 1 10
+ 14

k1 5.6 1010
K= = = 5.6 104
k2 1014
Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i), we get
NH 4 + OH
NH3 + H2O; Kf = 3.4 10 L mol s (given)
10 *1 1

NH3 + H2O
NH 4 + OH ; Kb =?
K K 3.4 1010
Thus K = f or Kb = f = 6.07 105. Hence, the correct option is (d).
Kb K 5.6 10 4

15. Dissociation of H2S occurs as H2S + +

H + HS ..(I), HS H + S
2

concentration of H+ ion will be mainly due to HCl Thus, [H+] = 0.3

H HS 7
Ka1 = 0.3[HS ] = 1 X 107, [HS] = 0.1 X 1 X 10 = 0.33 X 108M
H2S 0. 1 0. 3
H S 2 0. 3 S 2 13 8
Now, Ka2 = OR 1.3 X 1013 = [S2] = 1.3X10 X0.33X10 = 1.44 X 1020M.
HS 8 0.3
0.33 X10

Hence, the correct option is (a).

16. 2 HCl
H2 + Cl2
[H2 ][Cl2 ]
Kc =
[HCl]2
1.2x103 x1.2x104 1.2x1.2x10 7
1 x 105 = or [HCl]2 = = 1.2 x 1.2 x 102
[HCl] 2
10 5
or [HCl] = 1.2 x 101 or 12 x 102 M. Hence, the correct option is (a).

17. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour at its boiling point. On the average, the molecules in the two phases
have equal kinetic energy. Hence, the correct option is (c).

18. The amount of Cl2 (g) will increase. Hence, the correct option is (c).

19. When inert gas is added to the equilibrium system at constant volume, it will cause the increase in the total
pressure of the system. But the partial pressure of each of the reactant as well as product species will not be
affected and will remain the same. Therefore, under these conditions, there will be no effect on the
equilibrium. Hence, the correct option is (d).

CO g H2 g
20. k = . If the volume id halved, concentrations will increase. There are two terms in the
H2O g
numerator. To keep K constant, [H2O] should increase much more. Hence, correct option is (c).

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016


21. A + B C + D
1 1 0 0
10.9990.001 1-0.999 = 0.001 0.999 0.999
[C][D] 0.999 0.999 0.001 0.001
Kc = = x / x = 999 x999 106
[A][B] v v v v
Hence, the correct option is (c).

22. The plot of lnKp vs 1/T is a straight line function starting from the origin. Hence, the correct option is (b).

23. The reaction is, PCI5

PCI3 + CI2. The initial moles of PCI5 are 2.2.
After dissociation it becomes 2.2(1) for PCI5, 2.2 for PCl3 and 2.2 for Cl2 respectively, thus the total
number of moles become = 2.2 2.2 + 2.2 + 2.2 = 2.2 (1 ) = 2.53 or = 0.15.
Hence the correct option is (c).

24. When temperature reaches zero G0 approaches H0. Hence, the correct option is (d).

25. The relation between G and KP is : G = -2.303 RT log KP

G = -2.303 x 8.314 x 300 x 20 log 10 = -115 Kj. Hence, the correct option is (a).
26. K2 = (K1)1/3. Hence the correct option is (a).

27. K = k1/ k2 = 0.32 x 102. Hence, the correct option is (a).

28. The two equilibrium are related as k = k. Hence, the correct option is (b).

29. K = 1/K = 1 / 2.4 x 10-3 = 4.2 x 102. Hence, the correct option is (d).

30. Kp= Kc (RT)n, n = 12 = 1, thus, Kp/Kc = 1/RT. Hence, the correct option is (a).

31. For the reaction, N2 + O2 2 NO, as number of moles of reactants and products are same, both Kp and Kc will
have the same numerical value. Hence, the correct option is (d).

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016

32. Keq. =
C
0.216
= 250. Hence, the correct option is (a).
A B2 0.06 x 0.12
2

33. 3Fe(s) + 4 H2O(g) Fe3O4 (s) + 4 H2 (g) Take solid = 1. Hence, the correct option is (b).

34. 2SO2 + O2
2SO3. The yield of SO3 will be maximum if temperature is reduced and pressure is increased. This
is in accordance with Le chatelier principle. Hence, the correct option is (b).

35. When pressure is applied to equilibrium: ice water, then according to Le Chateliers principle more water
will formed as volume of given mass of water is less than that of same mass of ice. Hence, correct option is (c).

36. Dissolved salt lowers the vapour pressure. According to Raoults law when a nonvolatile substance is dissolved
in a liquid, the vapour pressure of the liquid (solvent) is lowered. Hence correct option is (d).

37. Reaction will go in forward direction when inert gas is introduced at constant pressure. Hence, the correct
option is (c).

38. According to LeChateliers principle, adding heat a solid and liquid in equilibrium will cause the amount of
solid to decrease. Hence, the correct option is (a).
39. CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
1 1 0 0
12/31/3 12/31/3 2/3 2/3
[CH 3 COOC2H5 ][H2O]
Kc = = 2/3 x 2/3 /1/3 x 1/3 = 4.0. Hence, the correct option is (b).
[CH3COOH][C2H5OH]

40. Since temperature is constant, so Kp or Kc will remain constant. Further, since volume is halved, the pressure
will be doubled, so will decrease so as to maintain the constancy of Kp or Kc. Hence, the correct option is (d).

41. N2O4 2NO2 , Total no. of moles = (1 - a) + 2a = (1 + a). Hence the correct option is (b).
1a 2a

42. 22% of HI = 22/100 = 0.22 moles. Initial concentration of HI is one. Thus the final concentration is 1 0.22
=0.78, initial conc. Of H2 is 0 thus the final one is 0.11, the same is the case with I2

Kc =
H2 I2 H2 I2 0.11 x 0.11/ 0.78 2 = H2 I2 0.11 x 0.11/ 0.78 2 = 121/6084 = 0.0199.

HI2 HI2 v v v HI2 v v v
Hence, the correct option is (c).

43.
2HI H2 + I2

At start 1 mole 0 mole 0 mole
At equilibrium (2 )

Therefore the total mole is 2 + + = 2 + . Hence, the correct option is (d).

44. G = 2.303 RT log kp = 2.303 x 1.98 x 298 x log 826 = 3980 cals. Hence, the correct option is (a).

45. G0 = -RT lnK = -2.303 RT log K, when K = 1, log K = 0. Hence the correct option is (c).

BY AVANISH UTTAM (B.TECH NIT ALLAHABAD) 15/10/2016