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1 whose 2 who/whom 3 which 4 which/that 5a Focus students attention on the photo and ask
5 which/that 6 where who the people in it are and what they know about
Punctuation: 2 colleague, who you met last them (Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor in the
week, 3 brothers, 6 area, film Cleopatra). Explain that they will find out more
Pronouns can be left out in 5 information as they join the sentences, using
relative and reduced relative clauses. As before,
the first one could be done as a class by way of an
Extra! example.
If time allows, give students 68 further examples 5b Students work in pairs to go through their
of relative clauses and ask them to decide in which answers before a general class review of the
ones the relative pronouns can be omitted. exercise.
Alternatively, ask them to work in pairs to write
three sentences of their own where the pronoun
can be omitted and three where it cannot. They Note: These answers show reduced relative
then swap sentences with another pair and decide clauses
which pronouns can be left out. 1 actress who made many films the most
famous of which was probably
3a Find out what students know about Romeo and 2 they made their first film together based on the
Juliet and explain that they will find out more about story of Cleopatra, in which Elizabeth played the
the other people and characters in the exercises Queen.
that follow. Students then complete the first text, 3 The couple, already married fell in love on the
comparing answers in pairs. set, attracting huge publicity.
4 The couple married in 1964, going on to live
1 in which 2 as a result of which 3 without lifestyle, which resulted in them becoming
whose help 4 all of which 5 at which point 5 a huge diamond, (which was) the largest, most
6 many of whom expensive in the world, engraved with
6 got divorced in 1974, meeting up again later and
3b This exercise gives students practice in re-marrying the following year. (OR remarrying a
transforming formal language (pronouns with year after meeting up again later)
prepositions) to informal language. It can be done
in pairs or as a class.
Photocopiable activity
Activity 2B could be used here. It is a pairwork
Examples: activity where students practise relative clauses
1 where 2 which means that 3 because and pronouns through a game of dominoes,
without him 4 but most of them 5 She then matching sentence halves according to the correct
(new sentence) 6 and lots of them relative pronoun.
4 Ask students whether they have heard of the
English king Henry VIII and find out what they Writing 1 p.30
know about him. Mention that this exercise
1 Start by focusing students attention on the Expert
includes information about his life and partly
Strategy note and explain why planning is so
explains why he is famous today. Find out whether
important to good writing. Ask students to work in
students know what a reduced relative clause is
pairs or small groups to order the points and,
before referring them to Section E of the Expert
during feedback, elicit ideas and explanations for
Grammar on page 175. If useful, do the first
choices made. Discuss alternative ideas and come
sentence of the exercise as a class. Remind
to a general agreement about a logical order for
students that there might be more than one option
the steps and why.
for each sentence and allow them time to compare
answers in pairs before going through them as a
Conclusion
In my view, this approach to community service
helps provide the youngsters with so many
important life skills which will help reintegrate them
into the community. I have no hesitation in
recommending the approach to be tried
elsewhere.
[257 words]