These are just a few names of compounds, what color they List of Gases:

are, their special characteristics (if any), etc.

--> I2 - violet
You'll find this information useful in Acids, Bases, and
Salts; Analytical Chemistry; and in the differentiate --> Br2 - reddish/brownish gas
between two salt/acids/compounds questions.
--> NO2 - reddish brown gas
--> PbCl2 - white chalky ppt; insoluble in cold water, soluble
in hot water. --> Cl2 - greenish yellow gas; NOTE: NOT yellowish green

--> AgCl - white curdy ppt; insoluble in hot and cold water --> SO2 - burning sulphur smell

--> ZnO/PbO - yellow when hot, white when cold --> NH3 - green flame when burnt in oxygen

--> BaSO4 - white ppt; insoluble in all dilute mineral acids --> NH3, HCl, CO2, SO2 - colorless gas with pungent odor

--> PbSO4 - white ppt; insoluble on heating (or when hot) --> HNO3(pure) - colorless

--> Zn(NO3)2 - white --> HNO3(in sunlight) - yellow

--> CuSO4.5H2O - blue List of Colored Ions:

2+
--> CuSO4 (after losing water of crystallization) - white --> Cupric Cu - Blue
amorphous
3+
--> Chromium Cr - Dark green
--> CuCO3 - green
2+
--> Nickel Ni - Green
--> Cu - reddish/pink deposit
2+
--> Ferrous Fe - Light green
--> CuO - black
3+
--> Ferric Fe - Brown
--> MnO2 - black
2+
--> Manganese Mn - Light pink
--> FeCl3 - reddish brown; NOTE: Name a reddish brown
2+
deliquescent salt (always FeCl3) --> Cobalt Co - Pinkish violet

-
--> FeSO4 - dirty green --> Permanganate MnO4 - Pink

2-
--> KMNO4 - purple/violet --> Chromate CrO4 - Yellow

2-
--> K2Cr2O7- orange --> Dichromate Cr2O7 - Orangish yellow

NOTE: All salts of Na, K, NH4 are white