Grammmar Practice

Present simple

1) The Druzhba pipeline .. (carry) gas from Russia to western Europe.

2) We ......................... (not / begin) pumping oil until the well ................. (be) secure.
3) He ........................ (check) the equipment before the Geophysicists ...........................
(arrive).
4) A: Why ...................... (be) the mud so thick?
B: There ...................... (not / be) enough water in it.
5) The compressor ........................... (not / work) because it ......................... (have) a
leak.
6) A: What .................. Geologists ........................ (collect)?
B: They collect soil and water samples for analysis.
7) The explosives .............................. (produce) shock waves within the rock.
8) Remotely Operated Vehicles ........................... (let) us repair underwater structures.
9) CAD software.......................... (allow) you to view a design from different angles.
10) This pipeline ....................... (not / carry) 30 million cubic metres of gas a day. It
carries much more.
11) The crew ........................ (start) to pump oil after they ......................... (add) a
casing to the borehole.
12) Strong winds ............................. (cause) significant damage to the rig.
13) The computer ......................... (produce) a model of the rock formation.
14) All workers .......................... (wear) a hard hat when they ...................... (work) on
the rig.
15) Drilling for oil often ............................... (involve) dealing with challenging situations.
16) A:How much oil ..................... a barrel .................... (contain)?
B: It ......................... (contain) 42 US gallons.
17) Where ..................... (be) the tanker at the moment?
It .................... (be) in the Gulf of Mexico.

Present Continuous

1) This term, they ..................................... (drill) the new well from an offshore
platform.
2) A: ................. you .......................... (work) in the control room today?
B: Yes, I ..................
3) At the moment, he ......................... (check) the pump for leaks.
4) At present, we ............................... (use) plastic packaging.
5) A: Is the chief engineer here at the moment?
B: l'm afraid not. He.................... currently................... (inspect) the plant in
the north of Scotland.
6) We .................................. (plan) to improve the system of distribution of
goods from producer to customer.
7) The demand for fuel .............................. (increase) dramatically these days.
8) Developments in technology ............... gradually ....................... (lower) the
costs of generating electricity from alternative and renewable sources.
9) The increasing and fluctuating prices of natural gas ........................................
(contribute) to making biomass and wind energy competitive, these days.
Present simple vs continuous. Conjuga los verbos en el tiempo
correcto.

1- Burning coal ........................(1 produce) sulphur

dioxide, an acidic gas that ........................... (
2 contribute) to the formation of acid rain.
2- These days, natural gas ......................... ( 3
provide) around 20% of the world's consumption of energy.
3- Modern oil geologists also ................... (4 examine)
surface rocks and terrain, with the additional help of
satellite images.
4- Electric companies .................... (5 use) either a
turbine, engine, water wheel, or other similar machine to
drive an electric generator or a device.
5- Crude oil usually .....................(6 consist) of a
mixture of hydrocarbons that ...................... (7
vary) in molecular weights. The hydrocarbons also
.................... (8 differ) from one another in
structure and properties.
6- At this moment, the compressor
............................... (9 not / work) because
there is a leak.

PUT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS IN PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS.

1- Susan . (work) at home this week because theyre

refurbishing it. She usually ..................................... (work) in the office.

2- They often ....................... (travel) abroad because of business. At the moment,

they ................................ (visit) some clients in Asia.
3- Peter .............................. (study) in the library, right now. He ...............................
(study) there every day.

4- This time, we .............................. (use) an agent based in Shanghai, but we

normally ................................ (use) our Glasgow agent.

5- We ................................ (manufacture) computer partes. We are a very successful

company. We ................................. (export) to more than 35 countries.

6- Our company ............................. (develop) about five new products every year.
We ............................. (plan) a new range of soft drinks, now.

The Petroleum industry

The petroleum industry ......................... (include) the global processes of

exploration, extraction, refining, transporting (often by oil tankers and
pipelines), and marketing petroleum products. The largest volume products of
the industry ..................... (be) fuel oil and gasoline (petrol). Petroleum
....................(be) also the raw material for many chemical products, including
pharmaceuticals, solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, and plastics. The industry
.................... (have) three major parts: upstream, midstream and downstream.
Midstream operations often................. .(include) the downstream category.

Petroleum is vital to many industries, and is of importance to the maintenance

of industrial civilization itself. Oil ...................... (account) for a large
percentage of the worlds energy consumption, ranging from a low of 32% for
Europe and Asia, up to a high of 53% for the Middle East.

Other geographic regions consumption patterns ....................... (be) as

follows: South and Central America (44%), Africa (41%), and North America
(40%). The world ............................. (consume) 30 billion barrels (4.8 km) of
oil per year, with developed nations being the largest consumers. The United
States consumed 25% of the oil produced in 2007.[1] The production,
distribution, refining, and retailing of petroleum taken as a whole
(represent) the world's largest industry in terms of dollar value.

Governments such as the United States government ......................... (provide)

a heavy public subsidy to petroleum companies, with major tax breaks at
virtually every stage of oil exploration and extraction, including for the costs of
oil field leases and drilling equipment.
Energy from fossilised organic materials

Coal, oil and gas are called "fossil fuels" because they
have been formed from the organic remains of prehistoric
plants and animals. Coal is crushed to a fine dust and
burnt. Oil and gas can be burnt directly.

Burning coal ........................(1 produce) sulphur

dioxide, an acidic gas that ...........................(2
contribute) to the formation of acid rain. This can be
largely avoided using "flue gas desulphurisation" to clean
up the gases before they are released into the atmosphere.
This method ......................... (3 use) limestone,
and ....................... (4 produce) gypsum for the
building industry as a by-product.

Crude oil (called "petroleum") ........................ (5

be) easier to get out of the ground than coal, as it can
flow along pipes. This also ....................... (6
make) it cheaper to transport.

Natural gas ......................... (7 provide) around

20% of the world's consumption of energy, and as well as
being burnt in power stations, it is used by many people to
heat their homes.
It is easy to transport along pipes, and gas power stations
............................. (8 produce) comparatively
little pollution.

Other fossil fuels are being investigated, such as

bituminous sands and oil shale. The difficulty is that they
............................ (9 need) expensive processing
before we can use them; however Canada
.......................... (10 have) large reserves of 'tar
sands' , which ..............................(11 make) it
economic for them to produce a great deal of energy this
way.

As far as we know, there is still a lot of oil in the

ground. But although oil wells
...............................(16 be) easy to tap when they
are almost full, it's much more difficult to get the oil up
later on when there is less oil down there. That's one
reason why we are increasingly looking at these other
fossil fuels.

Exercises:
1- Write the verbs in brackets into the correct verb
form.
2- En el texto, las palabras This (dos veces) y Which
estn destacadas en negrita. Puedes decir cules son
sus referentes?