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SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY

Dept. of Geological Engineering


GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
IN PETROLEUM EXPLORATION

BY
SARJU WINARDI
DEPT. OF GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

1 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Play Concept Recogniton from Regional


Stratigraphy
 From play to prospect
 Timing risk chart
 Burial history/geomodelling

2 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Definition (SPE & WPC, 1997)


 A play is a recognized prospective trend of potential
prospects, but which requires more data acquisition
and/or evaluation to define specific leads or
prospects.
 A lead is a potential area where one or more
accumulations are currently poorly defined and
require more data acquisition and/or evaluation in
order to be classified as a prospect. A lead will occur
within a play.
 A prospect : Potential accumulation that is sufficiently
well defined to represent a viable drilling target.
3 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

4 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

5 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Types of Play

 Structural
 Stratigraphy
 Combination
 Miscellaneous

6 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

After Kingston et al, 1983a

7 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY
A

TECTONIC BASIN
CLASSIFICATION
FOR CONTINENTAL ( a, b, and c ),
MARGINAL AND OCEANIC BASINS
( d, e, and f )

After Dickinson and Yarborough, 1976;


Kingston et al , 1983; Mitchell and Reading, 1986

8 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY B

TECTONIC BASIN
CLASSIFICATION
FOR SUBDUCTION and
COLLISION-RELATED
BASINS (REMNANT BASIN)

After Dickinson and Yarborough, 1976;


Kingston et al , 1983; Mitchell and Reading, 1986

9 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

10 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

anticline

Anticline
11 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Faulted blocks

Faulted blocks

12 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Salt diapir

Salt diapir

13 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Reef build up

Reef buildup

14 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Unconformity

15 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


Angular unconformity

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

16 Pinch out Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Combinations

17 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

miscellaneous

Hydrodinamics trap

Fractured reservoir
18 Compiled by Sarju Winardi
SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Example--1
Example

19 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Example--2
Example

Fig.10.Stratigraphic column of Savu Basin,


compare with stratigraphic column of
Sumba Island and Timor Island.

20 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SAVU-1

S N

4 km

PLIOCENE
UNCONFORMITY

TOP PLIOCENE
SANDSTONES

MIDDLE MIOCENE
UNCONFORMITY

OLIGOCENE
UNCONFORMITY
TOP EARLY PLIOSEN
SHALE
PALEOCENE
UNCONFORMITY

TOP CRETACEOUS
CARBONATE

STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTION


SAVU BASIN
SEISMIC LINE SV-15 & SV-15a
Department of Energy and Mineral Resources
Directorate General of Oil and Gas (MIGAS)
Mapped : September 2004

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

22 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

PLAY CONCEPT
 Reef carbonate (Cretaceous) stratigraphic trap.
 Reef carbonate (Pliocene) stratigraphic trap.
 Clastic carbonate (Middle Miocene) structural trap.
 Clastic carbonate (Eocene-Oligocene) structural trap.
 Sandstone (Middle Pliocene) structural trap.

23 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

24 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

25 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

26 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

27 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

28 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

29 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

30 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

31 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

32 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

33 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

34 Compiled by Sarju Winardi


SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Timing Risk Chart

Components:
1. Time of source rock maturity
2. Time of HC generation
3. Time of HC migration
4. Time of reservoar formation
5. Time of traps formation
6. Time of traping
7. Preservation of HC

35 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
Dept. of Geological Engineering
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

Example of Time Risk Chart

Timing risk chart

36 Compiled by Sarju Winardi

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