Global French Rev

The French Revolution
Global Perspectives
Essential Understanding
Define and understand Monarchies, Divine Right,

and the ideals of the French Revolution.
While the 1500s and 1600s
experienced a great amount of
progress, there was also conflict
In 1517 there was the Protestant

Reformation
This created turmoil across

Europe
In 1618 Europe found itself

engulfed in a bloody religious war
known as the 30 Years War
The conflict left nations without

money and political stability
In 1651, English writer Thomas
Hobbs wrote The Leviathan
He stated that Europe had

descended into chaos
In such a critical period, it was

imperative that nations and peoples
give themselves over to a singular,
powerful monarch
A monarchy is a form of
government in which a dynastic
king holds complete authority
This began a new age of incredibly

powerful kings Absolutism
Since the fall of Rome,
Europeans had been led by
various kings
All of them however,

acknowledged the Pope as the
true leader of Europe
Following the Protestant

Reformation and 30 Years War
however, people lost faith in
religion
It became an opportunity for

kings to re-assert their control
Absolute rulers turned to the Bible to
justify their rule
They used people, such as David, to

state that God always appointed holy
kings/leaders upon the earth
This teaching caused various kings

across Europe to assert that they were
not only kings, but kings appointed by
god
It was a concept known as The Divine

Right of Kings
Using this argument, they put

themselves above the power of the
pope and exercised complete control
The most notable Divine
Monarch was King Louis XIV
of France
Louis used propaganda to

impart to his people his divinity
He was depicted as the Sun

God
Paintings made him look regal

and godly
Few dared challenge his

authority
At Versailles, a palace was
constructed for the king to live in
with his nobles
The palace was one of the greatest

architectural achievements of Europe
It was designed to promote the

supremacy of Louis and France to
other nations
Louis palace at Versailles was

riddled with fountains, trees and
plants from all over the world. It even
featured a stable that could hold
12,000 horses
AERIAL VIEW OF VERSAILLES
VERSAILLES PALACE
THE ORANGE GARDEN
FOUNTAIN OF LATONA
QUEENS BEDCHAMBER
THE HALL OF MIRRORS
CEILING HALL OF MIRRORS
People across Europe endured
Divine Monarchs for a time
A pivotal event came when the

American Colonies defeated
England
When the US was born, it did so on

the concept of democracy and
government without a king or a
religious leader
Many looked on with envy and

desired change
France was struck hard following the
American Revolution
To pay for the costly war, taxes were

raised
Complicating matters, in France

there was a poor harvest that
created food shortages
People could not aord to eat and

many began to starve
The King, Louis XVI did not pay

attention to their needs and instead,
levied taxes against them
The taxes led to riots across France
Louis called the Estates General [French

Parliament] into session, they found they
had no voice
People met in secret, created a

constitution known as the Rights of Man
Louis attempted to prevent their

meetings and mocked them at a party
It was said that King Louis party

trample the peoples Tricolor flag
In addition, Marie Antoinette abused

power and wasted funds
The rebellion turned into a full
uprising
Versailles was stormed, Louis reign

as king was ended
Revolutionaries seized control of the

government and instated new laws
France, like the US, drafted a new

series of laws aimed at placing the
people back in control
During this phase, the revolution

was noteworthy and admirable
However, the Revolution took an awful
turn
Revolutionaries rounded up and

executed the nobles at the guillotine
First it was the wealthy, then religious

figures
Finally, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

were executed
Few were sparred the guillotine as

anyone who went against the
revolution was viewed as an enemy
The nation was gripped with terror

Foreign nations tried to step in and stop
the madness, France responded with an
attempt to spread the revolution
French armies poured across Europe to rid

the land of kings and religion
A young ocer rose through the ranks,

Napoleon Bonaparte
In the end, he restored political peace to

France [Made himself King]
He was ultimately defeated by the coalition

army led by the British at Waterloo
Monarchies, though weakened, would not

totally disappear until WWI
Review
1) What is a monarchy?
2) What was the Divine Right of Kings?
3) What caused the French Revolution?
4) Why did the Revolution turn radical?
5) Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?

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The French Revolution

Define and understand Monarchies, Divine Right,

In 1517 there was the Protestant

This created turmoil across

In 1618 Europe found itself

The conflict left nations without

He stated that Europe had

In such a critical period, it was

This began a new age of incredibly

All of them however,

Following the Protestant

It became an opportunity for

They used people, such as David, to

This teaching caused various kings

It was a concept known as The Divine

Using this argument, they put

Louis used propaganda to

He was depicted as the Sun

Paintings made him look regal

Few dared challenge his

The palace was one of the greatest

It was designed to promote the

Louis palace at Versailles was

A pivotal event came when the

When the US was born, it did so on

Many looked on with envy and

To pay for the costly war, taxes were

Complicating matters, in France

People could not aord to eat and

The King, Louis XVI did not pay

Louis called the Estates General [French

People met in secret, created a

Louis attempted to prevent their

It was said that King Louis party

In addition, Marie Antoinette abused

Versailles was stormed, Louis reign

Revolutionaries seized control of the

France, like the US, drafted a new

During this phase, the revolution

Revolutionaries rounded up and

First it was the wealthy, then religious

Finally, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

Few were sparred the guillotine as

The nation was gripped with terror

French armies poured across Europe to rid

A young ocer rose through the ranks,

In the end, he restored political peace to

He was ultimately defeated by the coalition

Monarchies, though weakened, would not

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