DE01 Sol

DE01 / DC01 MATHEMATICS-I
TYPICAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

PART I
OBJECTIVE TYPES QUESTIONS
Each Question carries 2 marks.
Choose correct or the best alternative in the following:
Q.1 The co-ordinates of the middle points of the sides of a triangle are (4, 2) (3, 3) and (2, 2).
Then the co-ordinates of the centroid are
(
(A) 3, 7 .
3
) (B) (3, 3).
(C) (4, 3). (D) (4, 7).
Ans: A
x + x + x y + y 2 + y3
Coordinate of the Centroid is 1 2 3 , 1
3 3
Coordinate of the centroid = 3, 7
3
( )
Q.2 If x, 2x +2, 3x + 3 are first three terms of a G.P. then its 4th term is
(A) 27. (B) -27.
(C) 13.5. (D) -13.5.
Ans: D
x(3 x + 3) = (2 x + 2) 2
3x 2 + 3x = 4 x 2 + 8 x + 4
x 2 + 5 x + 4 = 0 0 x = 4, 1
If x = -1 then three terms are
-1, 0, 0
If x = -4 then the first three terms are
-4, -6, -9
Therefore common ratio is 3
2
th
4 terms = -13.5
Q.3 The angle made by any diameter of a circle at any point on the circumference is
(A) 90 (B) 180
(C) 45 (D) 60
Ans: A
Q.4 ( )
If n Pr = 720 n C r then the value of r is
(A) 6. (B) 5.
(C) 4. (D) 7.
1
Ans:A
n pr = 720ncr
n n
Or, = 720
n r r n r
Or, r = 720 = 1.2.3.4.5.6 = 6
r =6
Cos 2 x Sin 2 x
Q.5 Sin x Cos x dx is equal to
(A) log(sin 2x ) + C . (B) log(cot 2x ) + C .
(C) log(cos 2 x ) + C . (D) log(tan 2x ) + C .
Ans: A
cos 2 x
2 dx
sin 2 x
2 log sin 2 x
+c
2
Q.6 If 20 Cr = 20 Cr 10 then 18 Cr is equal to

(A) 4896. (B) 816.
(C) 1632. (D) 408.
Ans: B
20 cr = 20cr10
20 20
=
r (20 r ) (r 10) (20 r + 10)
r (20 r ) = (r 10) (30 r )
r = 15
18
18c5 =
15 3
18 17 16
= 816
6
x 4 625
Q.7 Lim is
x 5 x 3 125
20
(A) . (B)5.
3
4
(C) Not defined. (D) .
3
Ans: A
2
lim
(x ) (y )
2 2 2 2
x 5 x 3 53
( x 5)( x + 5)( x 2 + 25)
= lim 2
x 5 ( x 5)( x + 5x + 25)
500 20
= =
75 3
1 tan 2 165o
Q.8 is equal to
1 + tan 2 165o
1 3
(A) . (B) .
2 2
1 3
(C) . (D) .
2 2
Ans: D
1 tan 2 1650 3
2 0
= cos 330 0 = cos 300 =
1 + tan 165 2
Q.9 The equation of the straight line which makes equal intercepts on the axes and passes
through the point (1, 2) is
(A) x + y = 3 (B) x + 2y = 5
(C) x y = 1 (D) 2x + y = 4
Ans: A
Straight line having equal intercepts on axes is x + y = a. If it passes through (1, 2), then a = 3.
Hence required straight line x + y = 3.
Q.10 Area of the triangle whose vertices are (a, b) (a, a + b), (-a, -a + b) is
(A) a2b2 (B) a2 + b2
2
(C) a (D) b2
Ans: C
1
Area of reqd. = [x1 y2 + x2 y3 + x3 y1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x1 ]
2
= a2
lim 1 cos x
Q.11 is
x 0 x2
1
(A) 1 (B)
2
1
(C) (D) Zero
4
Ans: B
3
1 cos x 1 (1 2 sin 2 x / 2)
lim 2
= lim
x 0 x x 0 x2
2
2 sin 2 x / 2 1 sin x / 2 1
= lim 2
= lim =
x 0 x x 0 2 x / 2 2
Q.12 The point on the curve y2 = 4x at which the tangent to the curve is parallel to y = x is
(A) (0, 0) (B) (2, 2 2)
(C) (4, 4) (D) (1, 2)
Ans: D
dy 4 1 dy 1
Here = = . If tangent is parallel to y = x, = =1
dx 2 y x dx x
x = 1, y = 2
Sin 3x Cos3x
Q.13 Sin 2 x Cos 2 x
dx is equal to
(A) tan x cot x (B) tan x + cot x

(C) sec x + cosec x (D) sec x - cosec x
Ans: C
sin 3 x cos 3 x
sin 2 x cos 2 x dx = (tan x sec x cos ecx cot x)dx = sec x + cos ecx

Q.14 0 2 Sin3x dx is equal to
2 3
(A) (B)
3 2

(C) (D)
2 4
Ans: A
2
2
sin xdx = 3
3
(By formula)
0
dy
Q.15 Solution of differential equation = e x y is
dx
(A) ex + ey = const (B) ex ey = const
(C) ex . ey = const (D) ex / ey = const
dy
Ans: = e x e y e x dx = e y dy or e x = e y + const or e x e y = const
dx
Q.16 Period of Sin (2x + 3) is
4
3
(A) 2 (B)
2

(C) (D)
2
Ans: C
sin(2 x + 3) = sin(2 x + 3 + ) = sin[2( x + ) + 3]
= sin[2( x + 2 ) + 3] = .Hence period is .
Q.17 The value of Sin 1050 + Cos 1050 is

3 1
(A) (B)
2 3
1 1
(C) (D)
2 2
Ans: D
sin 1050 + cos 1050 = sin(60 0 + 450 ) + cos(60 0 + 450 ) = sin 60 0
cos 450 + cos 60 0 sin 450 + cos 600 cos 450 sin 600 sin 450
3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
= + + =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Q.18 If pth, (2p)th and (3p)th terms of a G.P. are x, y, z respectively, then x, y, z are in
(A) A.P. (B) H.P.
(C) G.P. (D) None of these
Ans: C
If a, ar, ar2, ar3, .. be the G.P. then Tp = x = arp-1, T2p = y ar2p-1, T3p = Z = ar3p-1.
Evidently y2 = xz. Hence x, y, z are in G.P.
Q.19 Sum of the series S = 12 2 2 + 32 4 2 + ... 100 2 + 1012 is equal to

(A) 348551 (B) -1000
(C) 5151 (D) None of the above
Ans: C
Q.20 The value of tan 15o is
(A) 2 3 (B) 2 + 3
(C) 2 + 3 (D) 2 3
Ans: A
Q.21 In a triangle ABC, let a = BC, b = CA and c = AB. If B = 60o , then

(A) (a b )2 = c 2 ab (B) (b c )2 = a 2 bc
(C) (c a )2 = b 2 ac (D) None of the above
5
Ans: C
Q.22 The circles x 2 + y 2 + px + py 7 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 10 x + 2py + 1 = 0 cut orthogonally if the

value of p is
(A) 3 (B) -2
(C) -3 (D) 1
Ans: A
Q.23 The eccentricity of the ellipse 16 x 2 + 25 y 2 = 400 is

(A) 3 (B) 5 3
(C) 5 (D) 3 5
Ans: D
Q.24 The derivative of cos (log x) is

sin (log x )
(A) sin (log x) (B)
x
1
(C) sin (log x) (D) cos
x
Ans: B
sin xe x
Q.25 The value of the lim is
x 0 x
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) e (D) Does not exist
Ans: B
1
Q.26 The integral xe x is equal to
0
(A) e 1 (B) e + 1
(C) 0 (D) 1
Ans: D
Q.27 The area under the curve y = x 2 between x = 0 and x = 1 is

(A) 1 (B) 1 2
(C) 1 3 (D) 1 4
Ans: C
6
dy
Q.28 The solution of = y 2 , y(1) = 1 is
dx
1 1
(A) y = (B) y =
x x
(C) y = x + 1 (D) y = x 2 + 1
Ans: A
2
Q.29 If one root of the equation 2 x 2 10 x + K = 0 is of the other root, then K is
3
(A) 2 (B) 8
(C) 10 (D) 12
Ans: D.
2
If one root = , the other root =
3
2 10
Sum of roots = + = or = 3
3 2
k
Roots are 3 and 2 and product of roots = 3 2 =
2
k = 12.
Q.30 The centroid of the triangle formed by the straight lines y + x = 3, y x = 3, y = 0 is

(A) (0, 0) (B) (1, 0)
(C) (0, 1) (D) (1, 1)
Ans: C.
The points of intersection of the
Given straight lines are A(3, 0), B(0, 3), C(-3, 0)
3+ 0-3 0 +3+ 0
centroid of ABC is , or (0, 1)
3 3
Q.31 The distance between the parallel lines 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and 3x + 4y + 15 = 0 is

(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 5
Ans: B.
The distance of origin from the line 3x + 4y +5 = 0 is
3 0 + l 0 + 5
p1 = =1
32 + 4 2
7
The distance of origin from the line 3x + 4y +15 = 0 is
3 0 + l 0 + 15
p2 = =3
32 + 4 2
distance between parallel lines = p2 p1 = 3 1 = 2.
sin mx sin nx
Q.32 Lim , where m n is equal to
x 0 x
(A) m (B) n
(C) m n (D) m + n
Ans: C.
sin mx sin nx sin mx sin nx
lim = lim m lim n = mn
x 0 x x 0 mx x 0 nx
dy
Q.33 If y = sin 2 2 x , then is equal to
dx
(A) 2 sin 4x (B) 4 sin 2x
(C) sin 4x (D) 2 sin 2x
Ans: A.
dy dy dt
y = sin 2 2 x, put 2 x = t
= =. .
dx dt dx
dy dt
y = sin 2 t = 2 sin t cos t , = 2,
dt dx
dy dy dt
= . = (2 sin t cos t )(2) = 2 sin 2t = 2 sin 4 x.
dx dt dx
dx
Q.34 1 + sin x
is equal to
x x
(A) sin + cos (B) log (1 + sin x )
2 2
(C) tan x + sec x (D) tan x sec x
Ans: D.
dx 1 sin x 1 sin x 1 sin x

1 + sin x = (1 sin x )(1 + sin x )dx = (1 sin2
x)
dx =
(cos 2 x )
dx
1 sin x 1
= 2
dx - dx = sec 2 xdx tan x sec xdx = tan x sec x
cos x cos x cos x

ex
Q.35 dx is equal to
0 1 + e 2x
8

(A) (B)
2 4
(C) 1 (D) 0
Ans: B.

ex
1+ e
0
2x
dx , put e x = t e x dx = dt

dt
= 2
=| tan 1 t |1 = tan 1 tan 1 1 = = .
1 1+ t 2 4 4
Q.36 The solution of the differential equation y dx + x dy = 0 is

(A) x + y = const (B) xy = const
(C) x y + y x = const (D) x = const
y
Ans: A.
dx dx
y dx + x dy = 0 or + = 0 or x + y = const.
x y
Q.37 The value of sin 75o cos 75o is equal to
1
(A) 1 (B)
2
1
(C) (D) zero
2
Ans: C.
sin 75 cos 75 = sin(45 + 30 ) cos(45 + 30 )
= sin 45 cos 30 + cos 45 sin 30 cos 45 cos 30 + sin 45 sin 30
1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1
= + + =
2 2 22 2 2 22 2
1 1
Q.38 The value of tan 1 + tan 1 is
2 3
(A) 2 (B)

(C) (D)
2 4
Ans: D. 1 1
+ 5
1 1
tan 1 + tan 1 = tan 1 2 3 = tan 1 6 = tan 1 1 =
2 3 1 1 6 1 4
1 + 6
2 3
Q.39 If n c12 = n c8 , then n is equal to
9
(A) 8 (B) 12
(C ) 16 (D) 20
Ans: D
nc12 = nc8
n n
=
12 n 12 8 n 8
n 8 12
Or =
n 12 8
(n - 8)(n - 9)(n - 10)(n - 11) = 12.11.10.9 = (20 - 8)(20 - 9)(20 - 10)(20 - 11)
n = 20
2 sin x sin 2 x
Q.40 Lim is equal to
x 0 x3
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
Ans: B
2 sin x sin 2 x 2 sin x (1 cos x )
lim 3
= lim
x 0 x x 0 x3
2
2 x x
2 sin x 2 sin sin
2 = sin x
lim
= lim = 2
lim
x0 x 3
x0 x x 0 x

2
=1x1=1
Q.41 If the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A(a + b, b a ) and B(a b, a + b ) , then
(A) bx = ay (B) ax = by
(C) x = y (D) x + y = 0
Ans: A
( x a b ) 2 + ( y b + a ) 2 = ( x a + b) 2 + ( y a + b) 2
x 2 + a 2 + b 2 2ax 2bx + 2ab + y 2 2by + 2ay 2ab + a 2 + b 2
= x 2 + a 2 + b 2 + 2 xb 2 xa 2ab + y 2 + a 2 + b 2 2 ya 2 yb + 2ab
xb = ya
Q.42 The area of the triangle formed by the lines y = a + x, y = a x, y = 0, where a > 0, is
(A) 1 (B) a
(C) a 2 (D) zero
Ans: C
y=a+x yx=a
y=ax y+x=a
10
Solving, we get y = a, x = 0
Therefore vertex is (0, a) another vertices are (-a, 0), (a, 0).
1
Area of the triangle is [0(0 0) a (0 a ) + a (a 0)]
2
1
= .2 a 2 = a 2
2
x y dy
Q.43 If + = 2 and Y x, then is equal to
y x dx
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 1 (D) 2
Ans: A
x y
+ =2
y x
x 2 + y 2 = 2 xy
( x y)2 = 0
dy
2( x y )1 = 0
dx
Q y x thus
dy
=1
dx
Cos2x
Q.44 Cos 2 x Sin 2 x
dx is equal to
(A) sec x + cosec x (B) sec x cos ec x

(C) sec x cos ec x (D) sec x cos ec x
Ans: C
cos 2 x
cos 2 x sin 2 x dx
cos 2 x sin 2 x
= dx
cos 2 x sin 2 x
= cot x tan x
= sec x. cos ecx
Q.45 The area bounded by the parabola y 2 = 4ax and its latus rectum is
2
(A) a 2 (B) a 2
3
4 2 8
(C) a (D) a 2
3 3
Ans: D
11
The parabola is symmetrical about the x axis
a
Area = 2 ydx
0
a
A = 2 2 ax dx
0
a
= 4 a x dx
0
8 8
= a .a 3 2 = a 2
3 3
dy
Q.46 The solution of differential equation = e x y + 2 xe y is
dx
(A) y = xe x y + x z y e + c (B) e y = e x + x 2 + c
(C) y = e x y + x z y e + c (D) e y = e x + 2 x + c
Ans: B
dy
= e x y + 2 xe y
dx
dy
= e x .e y + 2 xe y
dx
e y dy = (e x + 2 x)dx
= e y = ex + x2 + c
Q.47 Value of sin 1 x + cos 1 x is

(A) 2 (B)

(C) (D)
2 4
Ans: C
sin 1 x + cos 1 x

=
2
Q.48 Value of (sin 3A sin A ) cos A (cos 3A + cos A ) sin A is

(A) 0 (B) 1
1 1
(C) (D)
2 2
Ans: A
sin 3 A cos A sin A cos A cos 3 A sin A cos A sin A
= sin(3 A A) 2 sin A cos A
= sin 2 A sin 2 A = 0
12
5
Q.49 The number of terms in the sequence ,5,10..............,640 are
2
(A) 8 (B) 9
(C) 10 (D) 6
Ans: B
5
a= C.R = 2 t n = 640
2
5
t n = a.r n 1 640 = .2 n 1
2
1 n 1
128 = .2 = 2 n 2
2
2 = 2 n2 n = 9
7
Q.50 (
First three terms in the expansion of 1 2 x 3 2 are )11
99 6 11
(A) 1 + 11x 3 + x + .................. (B) 1 + x 3 + 99 x 6 + ..............
2 2
11 3 99 6 99 6
(C) 1 x x + .............. (D) 1 11x 3 + x + ..............
2 2 2
Ans: D
n(n 1) 2
(1 x) n = 1 nx + x + .........
2
11 11
11 1
3 2 11 3 2 2 (2 x 3 ) 2 + ..........
(1 2 x ) = 1 .2 x +
2 2
99
= 1 11x 3 + x 6 + .........
2
Q.51 Value of tan 105o is

(
(A) 2 + 3 ) (B) 2 3
(C) 2 + 3 (D) 2 + 3
Ans: A
tan 60 0 + tan 450
tan 1050 = tan(60 0 + 450 ) =
1 tan 600 tan 450
3 + 1 ( 3 + 1) 2 (3 + 1 + 2 3 )
= = =
1 3 3 1 2
= (2 + 3 )
13
4
Q.52 If cos A = , then the value of cos 2A is
5
3 1
(A) (B)
25 25
2 7
(C) (D)
25 25
Ans: D
16 32 7
cos 2a = 2 cos 2 a 1 = 2 1 = 1 =
25 25 25
Q.53 The value of x such that PQ = QR, where P, Q and R are (6, -1), (1, 3) and (x, 8) respectively
is given by
(A) 5, 3 (B) 3, 5
(C) 2, 5 (D) 2, 3
Ans: A
PQ = (6 1) 2 + (1 3) 2 = 25 + 16 = 41
QR = (1 x) 2 + (3 8) 2 = 1 2 x + x 2 + 25
Or 41 = x 2 2 x + 26
Or x 2 2 x 15 = 0
Or x 2 5 x + 3 x 15 = 0 x = 5, 3
5 3
Q.54 Slope of the line passing through the points ,3 & 0, is
2 4
9 3
(A) (B)
10 5
9 10
(C) (D)
5 9
Ans: A
y1 y 2 9
tan = =
x 1 x 2 10
x 2 4x + 3
x 3 x 2 2 x 3
1 2
(A) (B)
3 3
1 1
(C) (D)
2 3
Ans: C
14
( x 3)( x 1) 1
lim =
x 3 ( x 3)( x + 1) 2
Q.56 (
If y = sin 1 3x 4 x 3 then ) dy
dx
is equal to
3 3
(A) (B)
1 x2 1 x2
2 1
(C) (D)
1 + x2 1 x2
Ans: A
dy 3(1 4 x 2 )
=
dx 1 (3 x 4 x 3 ) 2
3(1 4 x 2 ) 3
= =
2 2
(1 4 x ) 1 x 1 x2
Q.57 sin 3x sin 2x dx is equal to

1 cos 5x 1 sin 5x
(A) cos x + (B) cos x +
2 5 2 5
1 sin 5x 1 sin 5x
(C) sin x (D) sin x +
2 5 2 5
Ans: C
sin 3x sin 2 xdx
1
2
= (cos x cos 5 x)dx
1 sin 5 x
= sin x
2 5
3
d2y d3y
Q.58 Order and degree of the differential equation + + dy + 4 y = sin x is given by
3 2 dx
dx dx
(A) 3, 2 (B) 2, 3
(C) 1, 3 (D) 3, 1
Ans: D
Order 3 [Power of higher directive]
Degree 1
Q.59 Which term of the series 37+32+27+22+.............. is 103?

(A) 24th (B) 30th
th
(C) 15 (D) 29th
15
Ans: D
a = 37, d = -5
Tn = a + (n 1)d
103 = 37 + (n 1)(5)
+ 145 = +5n
n = 29
Q.60 [
How many terms are there in the expansion of ( x 5 y )5 ] 3
(A) 4 (B) 6
(C) 16 (D) 10
Ans: C
{ }
3
The given expansion is ( x 5 y )5 = ( x 5 y )15
No. of terms in the expansion is = 15 + 1 = 16
(ONE more than the power of given expansion)
3 5
Q.61 If sin = and sec = , find the value of cot
5 4
2 4
(A) (B)
3 3
5 4
(C) (D)
3 5
Ans: B
3 5 4
sin = , and sec = cos =
5 4 5
cos 4/5 4 4
cot = = = cot =
sin 3 / 5 3 3
Q.62 Expansion of 5 sin sin 8 is equal to

5
(A) (cos 7 cos 9) (B) 5(sin 7 + sin 9)
2
2
(C) 10(cos 7 + cos 9) (D) (sin 7 cos 9)
5
Ans: A
5 sin sin 8 = 5 / 2(2 sin sin 8 )
5
= {cos(8 ) cos(8 + )}
2
5
= {cos 7 cos 9 }
2
Q.63 For what value of k do the points ( 1,4), ( 3,8) & ( k + 1, 3k) lie on a straight line.
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 0 (D) 1
16
Ans: C
The points say A(-1, 4), B(-3, 8), C(-k + 1, 3k) lies on straight line if area of ABC = 0
1 4 1
1
3 8 1 = 0
2
k + 1 3k 1
1
[ (8 3k ) 4(3 + k 1) + 1(9k + 8k 8)] = 0
2
1
[ 8 + 3k + 16 4k k 8] = 0
2
k =0
Q.64 Mid point of the line joining (3, 5) and ( 7,3) is given by
(A) ( 2,1) (B) (1, 2)
(C) (2, 3) (D) (2, 1)
Ans: A
The midpoint of the line joining (3, 5) and (-7, -3) is
37 53
, = (2,1) mid point.
2 2
x2
x 2 x 2
(A) 2 (B) 2 2
(C) 3 2 (D) 5 2
Ans: B
x2
lim
x2 x 2
( x + 2 )( x 2 )
lim
x2 ( x 2)
lim x + 2 = 2 + 2 = 2 2
x2
dy
Q.66 If y = x sin x, then is equal to
dx
(A) cos x + sin x (B) cos x + x sin x
(C) x cos x + sin x (D) x cos x sin x
Ans: C
If y = x sin x
Differentiating both side w.r. to x we have
dy d d
= x (sin x) + sin x ( x)
dx dx dx
17
dy
= x cos x + sin x
dx
Q.67 tan 2 xdx is equal to
(A) tan x + c (B) sec 2 x + c

(C) x + tan x + c (D) tan x x + c
Ans: D
tan xdx = (sec x 1)dx sec xdx dx = tan x x + c
2 2 2
Q.68 ( ) ( )
The solution of the differential equation 1 + y 2 dx + 1 + x 2 dy = 0 is
(A) (x + y) = k (1 xy) (B) y x = kxy
(C) x 2 + y = kxy (D) y + x = k
Ans: A
(1 + a 2 )dx + 1(1 + x 2 )dy = 0
Using variable separable method
1 1
2
dx + dy = 0
1+ x 1+ y2
tan 1 x + tan 1 y = tan 1 k
x+ y
tan 1 = tan 1 k
1 xy
x+ y
= k x + y = k (1 xy )
1 xy
Q.69 The square root of 12 5i is
1 1
(A) (5 i ) . (B) (5 + i ) .
2 2
1 1
(C) (5 i ) . (D) (5 + i ) .
2 2
Ans: C
Let 12 5i = ( x + iy )
-5
= ( x + iy ) = x 2 y 2 + 2ixy x 2 y 2 = 12, 2xy = 5 y =
2
12-5i
2x
25 100 - 4
x2 2
= 12 4 x 4 48 x 2 25 = 0 x 2 = ,
4x 8 8
25 4 5 m 5 2 m 2 m1
x2 = Qx2 x= , y= = =
2 8 2 25 2 2
18
5 1 5i
12 5i = i =
2 2 2
Q.70 If , be the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a 0, then the quadratic equation whose roots are
2 , 2 is
( )
(A) a 2 x 2 b 2 2ac x + c 2 = 0 . (B) a 2 x 2 + b 2 2ac x + c 2 = 0 .( )
(C) c 2 x 2 (b 2 2ac ) x + a 2 = 0 . (D) c 2 x 2 + (b 2 2ac ) x + a 2 = 0 .
Ans: A
b c b 2 2ac
, = . Since 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2
2
We know that + = = ,
a a a2
c2 b 2 2ac c2
2 2 = equation is x 2
x + =0
a2 a
2
a2
( )
or a 2 x 2 b 2 2ac x + c 2 = 0
15
th 1
Q.71 The 12 term in the binomial expansion of x is
x
(A) 15 C12 x 9 . (B) - 15 C11 x 7 .

(C) 15 C12 x 9 . (D) - 15 C11 x 7 .
Ans: B
12th term in the expansion of
15 11
1 15 1
x is c11 x 4 = 15 c11 x -7
x x
Q.72 The area of the triangle formed by the coordinate axes and the line 2x + 3y=6 is
(A) 3 sq. units. (B) 6 sq. units.
(C) 9 sq. units. (D) 12 sq. units.
Ans: A
1 1
Area of triangle is base height = 3 2 =3 sq. unit
2 2
Q.73 The eccentricity of the ellipse if its latus rectum is equal to one half of its minor axis is
3
(A) 3 . (B) .
2
1
(C) . (D) .
3
Ans: B
3
Eccentricity =
2
19
Q.74 In a triangle ABC, sin A cos B = cos C, then angle B is

(A) . (B) .
2 3

(C) . (D) .
4 6
Ans: A
B+C BC
Given sin A-cos B=cos C Sin A= cos B+ cos C = 2 cos cos
2 2
A A A B C A B C
2 sin cos = 2 cos cos = 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
A BC A BC
cos = cos = A = BC B = A+C = B
2 2 2 2

2B = B =
2
e
Q.75
1 log x dx is equal to
(A) e 1. (B) e + 1.
(C) 0. (D) 1.
Ans: D
e
e e 1
1 | xdx = e log e log 1 [x ]1
e
1 log xdx = log x x =e-e+1 =1
1
1
x
dy
Q.76 If x y = e x y , then is equal to
dx
(A) (1 + log x )1 . (B) (1 + log x )2
(C) log x (1 + log x )2 . (D) log x (1 + log x )1 .
Ans: C
Given x y = e x y y log x = x y
x
y[log x + 1] = x y =
1 + log x
1
(1 + log x) 1 x

dy
= x = 1 + log x 1 or
dy
=
log x
dx (1 + log x ) 2
(1 + log x )2 dx (1 + log x )2
Q.77 The point (, ) is equidistant from points (7,6) and (-3, 4) if

(A) = 3 = 0. (B) = 0 = 3.
(C) = 3 = . (D) = 0 = .
Ans: A
20
( 7 )2 + ( 6)2 = ( + 3)2 + ( 4)2

2 14 + 49 + 2 12 + 36
= 2 + 6 + 9 + 2 8 + 16
20 4 + 60 = 0 5 + 15 = 0 = 3, = 0
Q.78 The value of sin (45 + ) cos(45 ) is

(A) 2cos (B) 2sin
(C) 1 (D) 0
Ans: D
( ) (
sin 45 0 + cos 45 0 )
= sin 45 cos + cos 45 sin - cos 45 0 cos sin 45 0 sin
0 0
sin cos cos sin

= + =0
2 2 2 2
Q.79 The equation of a line through point (2, -3) and parallel to y-axis is
(A) y = -3 . (B) y = 2.
(C) x = 2. (D) x = -3.
Ans: C
The equation of line parallel to y-axis and at a distance 2 is x=2
Q.80 The length of tangent from point (5,1) to the circle x 2 + y 2 + 6x 4 y 3 = 0 is

(A) 81. (B) 29.
(C) 7. (D) 21.
Ans: C
Here S = x 2 + y 2 + 6 x 4 y 3 = 0
S1 = 25 + 1 + 30 4 3
= 49
length of tangent = 49 = 7
Q.81 The differential coefficient of log tan x is

(A) 2 sec2 x. (B) 2 cosec 2 x.
3
(C) 2 sec x. (D) 2 cosec3 x.
Ans: B
Let y = log tan x
dy 1 1
= sec 2 x = = 2 cos ec 2 x
dx tan x cos x sin x
Q.82 (
The expression 3 + w + 3w 2 )
4
where w is a cube root of unity, equals
(A) 16. (B) 16 w.
(C) 16 w2 . (D) 0.
21
Ans: B
(3 w + 3w 2
) 4
[(
= 3 1 + w2 + w ) ] 4
= ( 3w + w) =
4
( 2w)4 = 16w 4
= 16w
z 5i
Q.83 The complex number z = x +iy which satisfies the equation = 1 lie on
z + 5i
(A) The x-axis.
(B) The straight line y =5.
(C) A circle passing through the origin.
(D) The y-axis.
Ans: A
z 5i
=1
z + 5i
z 5i = z + 5i
x + iy 5i = x + iy + 5i
x + i ( y 5) = x + i ( y + 5) x 2 + ( y 5) = x 2 + ( y + 5)
2 2
-10 y + 25 = 10 y + 25
y =0 x axis
Q.84 If a x = b, b y = c, c z = a , then the value of xyz is

(A) 0. (B) 1.
(C) 2. (D) 3.
Ans: B
Given a x = b
by = c
cz = a
a = c z =( b y ) z = b yz ( )
= ax
yz
= a xyz xyz = 1
Q.85 The equation whose roots are the reciprocals of the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is
x2 x 1
(A) + + = 0. (B) bx 2 + cx + a = 0 .
a b c
(C) ax + b + cx 2 = 0 . (D) a + bx + cx 2 = 0 .
Ans: D
We have ax 2 + bx + c = 0 --------(1)
b c
Let , are roots of (1), then + = , =
a a
1 1 + b a b 1 1 1 a
Again + = = = and . = =
a c c c
22
1 1 1 b a
Equation is x 2 + x + = 0 x2 + x + = 0
c c
cx 2 + bx + a = 0
n
1 + i
Q.86 The smallest positive integer n for which = 1 is
1 i
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 3 (D) 5
Ans: B
We have
n
1 + i (1 + i )
2
1+ i
=1 i =1
n
= =i
1 i 1+1 1 i
n is a multiple of 4
the smallest positive value of n is 4
Q.87 If cos 2 + 3 sin = 3, then is equal to

(A) 90o . (B) 60o .
(C) 45o . (D) 30o .
Ans: A
Given cos 2 + 3 sin = 3
1 sin 2 + 3 sin 3 = 0
sin 2 3 sin + 2 = 0
3 98
sin = = 2,1 , sin 2
2
= sin 1 1 = 90 0
a
Q.88 f (x ) dx is equal to
o
a a
(A) f (a + x ) dx . (B) f (a x ) dx .
o o
a a
x
(C) f (ax ) dx . (D) f dx .
a
o o
Ans: B
a a

0
f ( x)dx = f (a x)dx
0
dy
Q.89 Integrating factor of the differential equation (1 + x ) y = (1 + x )2 is
dx
23
(A) 1 + x. (B) e1+ x .

1
(C) . (D) e x .
1+ x
Ans: C
1
(1 + x ) dy y = (1 + x )2
dy
y = 1+ x
dx dx 1 + x
1
1+ x dx 1
I.F. = e = e log (1+ x ) =
1+ x
Q.90 The distance between two parallel lines 3x + 4y = 5 and 6x + 8y = 35 is

(A) 1.0. (B) 1.5.
(C) 2.0. (D) 2.5.
Ans: D
Putting y=0 in 3 x + 4 y = 5 we get x = 5
3
Thus ( 5 ,0) lie on 3 x + 4 y = 5
3
The length of perpendicular from 5 ,0 to 6x+8y =35 is
3
( )
| 6(5 / 3) + 8(0) 35 | 25
d= = = 2.5 Hence, the distance between the given
62 + 82 10
lines is 2.5

Q.91 The angle between the vectors A = 2i + j 3k and B = 3i 2 j k is
(A) 30o . (B) 45o .
(C) 60o . (D) 90o .
Ans: C
We know that :
A.B
A . B = | A | . | B | cos cos =
| A|| B |
(2i + j 3k ).(3i 2 j k )
| 2i + j 3k || 3i 2 j k |
62+3 7 7 1
= = = =
4 +1+ 9 9 + 4 +1 14 14 14 2
1 1
cos = = cos 1 = 60 0
2 2
24
1 cos 2 x
Q.92 The value of lim is
x 0 x2
(A) 2. (B) 4.
(C) 6. (D) zero.
Ans: A
1 cos 2 x
Lim
x 0 x2
= Lim
(
1 1 2 sin 2 x ) = Lim
2 sin 2 x
x 0 x2 x 0 x2
2
sinx
= 2 Lim = 2 .1 = 2
x0
x
Q.93 12 + 2 2 + 32 + ........ + n 2 is equal to
n (n + 1) n (2n + 1)
(A) . (B) .
2 2
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) (n + 1)(2n + 1) .
(C) . (D)
6 6
Ans: C
n(n + 1) (2n + 1)
12 + 2 2 + 3 2 + ........... + n 2 =
6
Q.94 If log 9 x = 1.5 then x is equal to

(A) 3 (B) 27
(C) 9 (D) 15
Ans: B
Given log 9 x = 1.5 = x = 91.5 = (3 2 )1.5 = 33.0 = 27
Q.95 The value of Sin 75o Cos 15o + Cos 75o Sin 15o is equal to
(A) 1. (B) 0.
(C) -1. (D)
Ans: A
Sin75 Cos15 + Cos75 Sin15 = Sin(75 + 15 ) = Sin (90 )
Q.96 If , are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 then 2 + 2 is

b 2 2ac
(A) - b . (B) .
c a2
25
2 b 2 ac
(C) b 2ac . (D) .
a2
Ans: B
Since , are roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0
-b c
+= , =
a a
b 2 2c b 2 2ac
Now 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2 - 2 = - =
a2 a a2
1
Q.97 lim (x ) (x 1) is equal to
x 1
(A) 1. (B) 0.
1
(C) e. (D) .
e
Ans: C
1
1
1
y = Lim x log y = Lim
x 1
log x = Lim x = 1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 1
log y = 1 y = e
Q.98 log x dx is equal to

(A) x log x x + c . (B) x log x .
1
(C) log x . (D) log x .
x
Ans: A
1
log x dx = 1.logxdx
= log x.x - .xdx + c = x. log x x + c
x
Q.99 The maximum value of y = 2 cos 2x cos 4x, 0 x is
2
(A) -1. (B) 1 .
2
(C) 3 . (D) 1.
2
Ans: C
26
dy
y = 2 cos 2 x cos 4 x , o x , = -4sin2x + 4 sin 4 x
2 dx
dy
For maxima and minima = 0 sin2x - sin4x = 0 sin2x - 2sin2xcos2x = 0
dx
sin 2 x = 0 or (1 2 cos 2 x ) = 0. sin 2 x = 0 x = 0
1
1 - 2cos2x = 0 cos2x = x=
2 6
2
d y d y
2
2
= 8 cos 2 x + 16 cos 4 x. 2 = 8 + 16 = 8 > 0
dx dx x = 0
d2y
2 = 4 8 = 12 < 0 Thus y is a maximum at x =
dx x = 6
6
2 3
, Maximum value is y = 2 cos cos = Ans : C
3 3 2
Q.100 The equation of the line which is perpendicular to the line 3x 4y +7=0 and passes through
the point (-3, 2) is
(A) 4x + 3y + 5 = 0. (B) 4x + 3y 3 = 0.
(C) 4x + 3y + 6 = 0. (D) 3x 4y + 6 = 0.
Ans: C
The equation of line perpendicular to
3 x 4 y + 7 = 0 is 4 x 3 y + = 0 ________(1)
This passes through (-3,2)
4(3) - 3(2) + = 0 = 12 6 + = 0 = 6 + = 0 = = 6
From (i), required equation is
4x 3 y 6 = 0 = 4x + 3 y + 6 = 0
27
PART II
NUMERICALS
Q.1 If , are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 . Find the equation whose roots are
( )2 and ( + )2 . (7)
Ans:
b b2
+ = ( + ) 2 =
a a2
c
. =
a
( ) 2 = ( + ) 2 4
b2 c
= 2
4
a a
2
b 4ac
=
a2
b 2 4ac b 2
( + ) 2 + ( ) 2 = + 2
a2 a
2
2b 4ac
=
a2
b 2 4ac b 2
( + ) 2 .( ) 2 = . 2
a2 a
Therefore required equation is
2 2b 2 4ac (b 2 4ac)b 2
x x+ =0
a2 a4
a 4 x 2 a 2 (2b 2 4ac) x + (b 2 4ac)b 2 = 0
Q.2 If the roots of the equation p(q r )x 2 + q(r p )x + r (p q ) = 0 are equal, show that
1 1 2
+ = . (7)
p r q
Ans:
q 2 (r p ) 2 = 4 pr (q r )( p q )
q 2 (r 2 + p 2 2 pr ) = 4 pr ( pq q 2 rp + rq )
~ q 2 (r 2 + p 2 + 2 pr ) = 4 pr ( pq q 2 rp + rq )
1 1 2 4 4 4
~ 2+ 2+ = + 2
p r pr rq pq q
1 1 4 4 4 2
~ 2 + 2 + 2 + =0
p r q rq pq pr
28
2
1 1 2
+ = 0
p r q
1 1 2
+ =
p r q
C C
Q.3 In a ABC show that c 2 = (a b )2 cos 2 + (a + b )2 sin 2 . (7)
2 2
Ans:
c c
R.H.S. = K 2 (sin A sin B ) 2 cos 2 + K 2 (sin A + sin B ) 2 sin 2
2 2
A+ B A B c A+ B A B c
= K 4 cos 2 . sin 2 . cos 2 + 4 sin 2 . cos 2 . sin 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
c c A B c c A B
= 4 K 2 sin 2 . cos 2 . sin 2 + cos 2 . sin 2 . cos 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
= K 2 sin 2 c = c 2
2a 2b a+b
Q.4 If sin 1 + sin 1 = 2 tan 1 x then show that x = . (7)
1+ a2 1 + b2 1 ab
Ans:
2a 2b
sin 1 2
+ sin 1 2
= 2 tan 1 x
1+ a 1+ b
2 tan a + 2 tan 1 b = 2 tan 1 x
1
tan 1 a + tan 1 b = tan 1 x

a+b
x=
1 ab
a2 + x2 a2 x2
Q.5 Evaluate Lim . (7)
x 0 x2
Ans:
a2 + x2 a2 x2
lim
x 0 x2
a2 + x2 a2 + x2
= lim
2
( 2
x 0 x a +x + a x
2 2 2
)
2
= lim
x 0
a2 + x2 + a2 x2
2 1
= =
a+a a
Q.6 Differentiate f (x ) = Cos 2 x by the first principle. (7)
29
Ans:
f ( x) = cos 2 x
f ( x + x) = cos 2 ( x + x)
y cos 2 ( x + x ) cos 2 x
lim = lim
x 0 x x 0 x
x
= lim
[cos( x + x ) cos x ][cos( x + x ) + cos x ]
y x 0 x
x x
2 sin x + sin (cos( x + x ) + cos x )
x 2 2
= lim
y x 0 x
x
sin
x 2 (cos( x + x ) + cos x )
= lim 2 sin x +
x 0 2 x
.2
2
1
= 2 sin x. .2 cos x
2
= - sin 2x.
Q.7 Find the area bounded by the curve x 2 = 4 y and the straight line x = 4 y 2 .
(7)
Ans:
Area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the straight line x = 4y 2.
= dydx
1
The above curve intersects at the points 1, and (2, 1).
4
x+2
1 4 1 x+2
dydx = [ y ] x 24 dx
1 x 2 1 4
4
1 1
1
x + 2 x2 1 x2 x3
= dx = + 2 x
1
4 4 4 2 1 12 1
1 1 1 1 5
= (4) + = 1 = Units.
4 12 12 6 6
Q.8 Find the equation of tangent to 16 x 2 + 9 y 2 = 144 at (x 1 , y1 ) , where x1 = 2 and y1 > 0 .
(7)
Ans:
Equation of the given ellipse is 16 x 2 + 9 y 2 = 144
x2 y2
+ =1
9 16
Tangent at the point (2, y1) such as y1 > 0.
30
xx1 yy1
Equation of tangent at point (x1, y1) is + =1
9 16
4 y2 y2 5
Satisfies the point (2, y1) + =1 =
9 16 16 9
4
y1 = 5, y1 > 0
3
4
The equation of tangent at 2, 5 is
3
4
5
2x 3
+ y =1
9 16
2x 5
+ y =1
9 12
Q.9 Find the equation of a line passing through ( 2,4) and perpendicular to the line 3x y +5
= 0. (7)
Ans:
Let the equation of line is y = wx + c .(1)
because it is perpendicular to 3x y + 5 = 0
1
3w = 1 w =
3
Therefore (1) becomes
1
y= x+c
3
~ 3 y + x = 3c
It is passing through the point (-2, -4) therefore
-12 -2 = 3c
~ -14 = 3c
14
c=
3
required equation is
14
3y + x = .3
3
x + 3y + 14 = 0
Q.10 Find the equation of the circle whose centre lies on the line x 4y = 1 and which passes
through the points (3, 7) and (5,5). (7)
Ans:
Let the equation of the circle is
( x h) 2 + ( y k ) 2 = r 2
The centre lies on the line x 4y = 1,
h 4k = 1 .(1)
Again the circle passes through (3, 7) and (5, 5)
31
(3 h) 2 + (7 k ) 2 = r 2 = (5 h) 2 + (5 k ) 2
h 2 6h + 9 + k 2 14k + 49 = 25 10h + h 2 + 25 10k + k 2 = r 2
4 h 4 k = 8
h k = -2 ..(2)
Subtracting (1) from equation (2)
3k = -3 k = -1
and h = -3
putting the value of h and k , we have
36 + 64 = r 2 ~ r = 10
required equation is
( x + 3) + ( y + 1) 2 = (10) 2
2
~ x 2 + y 2 + 6 x + 2 y + 10 = 100
x 2 + y 2 + 6 x + 2 y 90 = 0
10
1
Q.11 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of 2 x . (7)
x
Ans:
10
1
2x
x
Middle term is independent from x i.e.
1
10C5(2 x ) 5 5
x
10 5
= 2
55
6 7 89 5
= 2
1 .2 .3 .4 .5
= 8064.

2
sin x
Q.12 Evaluate sin x + cos x
dx . (7)
0
Ans:

2 2
sin x cos x
I=
0 sin x + cos x
dx =
0 cos x + sin x
dx

2
sin x + cos x
2I =
0 sin x + cos x
dx

=
2

I=
4
Q.13 Using induction, prove that 2 n > n for all n. (7)
32
Ans:
By using mathematical induction method
21 > 1
This is true n = 1
Let 2r > r
Now 2r+1 = 2.2r > 2r > r+1 if r > 1
Therefore on the statement is true for r = n
Hence it is true for all n.
dy
Q.14 Solve = e x y + x 2e y . (7)
dx
Ans:
dy
= e x .e y + x 2e y
dx
e y dy = (e x + x 2 )dx
y x3
x
e =e + +c
3
x3
Y = log e x + + c
3
x 2 tan 1 x 3
Q.15 Evaluate 1 + x6
dx . (7)
Ans:
Let tan 1 x 3 = t
1
3 x 2 dx = dt
1 + x6
1 t2
I = tdt = + c
3 6
=
(
tan x1 3
+c
)
6
x sin x
Q.16 Evaluate 1 cos x
dx . (7)
Ans:
x sin x
1 cos x dx
x sin x
= dx dx
1 cos x 1 cos x
x
= dx log(1 cos x)
2 x
2 sin
2
1 x
= x cos ec 2 dx log(1 cos x) + c
2 2
33
x
x cot
1 2 + cot x log(1 cos x) + c
=
2 1 2
2
x x x
= x cot + 2 log sin log 2 sin 2 + c
2 2 2
x
= x cot log 2 + c
2
Q.17 ( )
Solve x 2 y 2 dx + 2 xy dy = 0 , given y =1 when x = 1. (7)
Ans:
( x 2 y 2 )dx + 2 xydy = 0
dy y 2 x 2
=
dx 2 xy
dv v 2 1
v+ x =
dx 2v
dv v 1 2v 2
2
x =
dx 2v
2
dv (v + 1)
x =
dx 2v
dx 2v
= 2 dv
x v +1
log x = log(v 2 + 1) + log c
x2
= log 2 + 1 + log c
y
When y = 1, x = 1
1
0 = log + 1 + log c
1
c=2
( y2 + x2 )
log x + log = log 2
x2
( y2 + x2 )
log = log 2
x
y2 + x2 = 2x
x2 + y 2 2x = 0
Q.18 Find the differential equation of which y = Ae x + Be3x + Ce5 x is a solution. (7)
Ans:
Y = Ae x + Be3 x + Ce 5 x
34
dy
= y1 = Ae x + 3Be 3 x + 5Ce 5 x
dx
d2y
= y2 = Ae x + 9 Be3 x + 25Ce5 x
dx 2
d3y
= y3 = Ae x + 27 Be3 x + 125Ce5 x
dx 3
( Ae x + 27 Be3 x + 125Ce5 x ) 9( Ae x + 9 Be 3 x + 25Ce 5 x )
+ 23( Ae x + 3Be3 x + 5Ce 5 x ) 15( Ae x + Be3 x + Ce 5 x ) = 0
d3y d2y dy
3
9 2
+ 23 15 y = 0
dx dx dx
1
Q.19 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of ( x )12 . (8)
x
Ans:
n
1
Tn +1 = 12 C x12 n = 12 C ( 1) n x12 2 n
n
x n
If nth term is independent of x

12 2n = 0 i.e. n = 6
T6+1 = T7 is independent of x and
T7 = 12 C 6 = 12 C 6 = 924
6 ( 1)
Q.20 If the pth, qth and rth terms of an A.P. are x, y, z respectively, show that x (q r) + y (r p)
+ z (p q) = 0. (8)
Ans:
If a, a + d, a + 2d, be A.P.,
Tp = x = a + (p 1) d
Tq = y = a + (q 1) d
Tr = z = a + (r 1) d
x( q r ) + y (r p ) + z ( p q )
= a (q r + r p + p q ) + d [( p 1)(q r ) + (q 1)(r p ) + (r 1)( p q )]
= d [qp q rp + r + qr qp r + p + rp rq p + q ] = 0
Q.21 If A + B + C = , show that

A B C A B C
cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot (8)
2 2 2 2 2 2
Ans:
A B C
A+B+C = or + =
2 2 2 2
A B C C
tan + = tan = cot
2 2 2 2 2
35
tan A / 2 + tan B / 2 1
or =
1 tan A / 2. tan B / 2 tan C / 2
By cross multiplying
A C B C A B
tan tan + tan tan = 1 tan tan
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B B C C A
or tan tan + tan tan + tan tan = 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C
Dividing through out by tan tan tan , we get
2 2 2
A B C A B C
cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot
2 2 2 2 2 2
Q.22 In any triangle ABC, show that

BC b c A
tan = cot (8)
2 b + c 2
Ans:
In any triangle ABC,
A+B+C=
a b c
and = = = K (say)
sin A sin B sin C
b c K sin B K sin C sin B sin C
= =
b + c K sin B + K sin C sin B + sin C
B+C B C
2 cos sin
= 2 2
B+C B C
2 sin cos
2 2
B C B C
tan tan
= 2 = 2
B C A
tan + tan
2 2 2 2
B C
tan
= 2
A
cot
2
bc A BC
Hence cot = tan
b+c 2 2
dy
Q.23 Solve the equation x 3y = x 2 . (8)
dx
Ans:
dy dy 3
x - 3y = x 2 - y = x
dx dx x
36
3
dx
I.F. = e x
= e 3 log x = x 3
Solution is
yx 3 = x 3 x dx + c = x 2 dx + c
3 x 1
yx = +c
1
y = x 2 + cx 3
Q.24 Find the equation of a straight line when p is the length of perpendicular on it from the
origin and the inclination of this perpendicular to the x axis is . (8)
Ans:
Let ON = p be length of perpendicular from origin on st line AB and let ON make angle with
x-axis.
p = ON = OA cos
= (OM + MA) cos
= (x + MP tan ) cos
= x cos + y sin
Hence required equation is
x cos + y sin = p
Q.25 Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the intersection of the straight
lines 2x 3y + 4 = 0 and 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and is perpendicular to the straight line 6x 7y +
8 = 0. (8)
Ans:
Any line through the intersection of two given lines in
2x 3y + 4 + k(3x + 4y + 5) = 0
It is perpendicular to the line 6x 7y + 8 = 0
2 + 3k 6
. = 1
3 + 4k 7
33
12 + 18k = 21 + 28k or 10k = 33, k =
10
33
Hence required straight line in (2 x 3 y + 4) + (3 x + 4 y + 5) = 0
10
Or 119 x + 102 y + 205 = 0
Q.26 Show that x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents a circle. Find its centre and radius.
(6)
Ans:
Given equation can be written as ( x + g ) 2 + ( y + f ) 2 = g 2 + f 2 c
37
( )2
Or [ x ( g )]2 + [ y ( f )]2 = g 2 + f 2 c . Comparing with ( x h) 2 + ( y k ) 2 = a 2 which is
a circle of centre (h, k) and radius a, we observe that given equation represents a circle with
centre = (-g, -f), Radius = g2 + f 2 c
Q.27 Find the vertex, focus, latus rectum and directrix of the parabola x2 = 4x y. (10)
Ans:
x 2 = 4 x y or x 2 4 x = y
Or ( x 2) 2 = y + 4 = ( y 4)
Put x 2 = X, y 4 = Y
X 2 = Y represents a parabola of the shape as shown below.
With vertex X = 0, Y = 0 i.e. x = 2, y = 4, axis x = 2,
LR = 4a = 1.
1 1 15 1 17
a = , focus = 2, 4 = 2, and Directrix is y = 4 + =
4 4 4 4 4
15
2,
4
ax 1
lim lim 1/ t
Q.28 Evaluate , by using the fact that (1 + t ) = e . (8)
x 0 x t 0
Ans:
Put ax 1 = t or ax = t + 1 or x = loga(1 + t) as x 0, t 0
a x 1 t t. log e a log e a
lim = lim = lim = lim
t 0 log e (1 + t )
x 0 x t 0 log e (1 + t ) t 0 1 . log e (1 + t )
log e a t
log e a
= lim 1/ t
= log e a because lim (1 + t ) 1 / t = e
t 0 log e (1 + t ) t 0
1 Cosx
Q.29 Differentiate tan 1 with respect to x. (8)
1 + Cosx
Ans:
1 cos x 1 (1 2 sin 2 x / 2) 2 sin 2 x / 2
y = tan 1 = tan 1 = tan 1
1 + cos x x 2 cos 2 x / 2
1 + 2 cos 2 1
2
38
x x
= tan 1 tan =
2 2
dy 1
Hence =
dx 2
Q.30 Find the points at which the function y = 3 Sin2x + 4 Cos2x has maximum and minimum

values in the interval 0, (8)
2
Ans:
y = 3 sin 2 x + 4 cos 2 x
dy
= 6 sin x cos x + 4.2 cos x( sin x) = 2 sin x cos x = sin 2 x
dx
dy
For Max or Min = 0, sin 2 x = 0 or 2 x = 0, or x = 0,
dx 2

points of maximum & minimum are x = 0,
2
2 at x = 0
d2y
2
= 2 cos 2 x =
dx + 2 at x = 2
Hence x = 0 is a point of Maxima and Max. value is 4

x= is a point of Minima and Minimum value is 3.
2
dx
Q.31 Evaluate a cos x + b sin x , where a, b are not both zero. (8)
Ans:
dx
a cos x + b sin x put a = r sin , b = r cos
a
r = a 2 + b 2 , = tan 1
b
dx
= r sin( + x)
1 1 x
=
r cos ec( + x)dx = log tan +
r 2 2
1 x 1 a
= log tan + tan 1
2
a +b 2
2 2 b
Q.32 Find the area common to the circles x2 + y2 2ax = 0 and x2 + y2 2ay = 0. (10)
Ans:
Given circles x 2 + y 2 2ax = 0 and x 2 + y 2 2ay = 0
intersect at (0, 0) and (a, a)
39
a
Common area = [ y1 y2 ]dx where x12 + y12 2ax1 = 0 and
0
[ {a }] x
a
= a 2 ( x a) 2 2
x2 + a dx
2
2 + y22 2ay2 = 0
0
a a a
=
0
a 2 ( x a ) 2 dx a 2 x 2 dx adx
0 0
Put x a = t
a a

0
a 2 t 2 dt a 2 x 2 dx a 2
0
a a
a z dz a 2 x 2 dx a 2 = a 2
2 2
=
0 0
Hence required common area = a2.
1 x3
Q.33 Evaluate 0 (1 + x 8 ) dx . (6)
Ans:
1
x 3dx 1
0 1 + x8 put x = 1
4
x 3 dx = dt
4
1
1 dt 1 1
= 4 1+ t
0
2
= [tan 1 t ]10 = . =
4 4 4 16
Q.34 Solve following the differential equations
(i) ydx xdy = ( x 2 + y 2 )dx . (8)

dy
(ii) cos2x + y = tan x . (8)
dx
Ans:
(
(i) y x 2 + y 2 dx = xdy )
ydx xdy = ( x 2 + y 2 )dx
dy y x 2 + y 2
Or =
dx x
dy xdv
Put y = vx, =v+
dx dx
dv vx x 2 + v 2 x 2
v + x = = v 1+ v2
dx x
dv dx
+ =0
1+ v 2 x
40
( )
Integrating, log v + 1 + v 2 + log x = const
Or x[v + 1 + v ] = const2
y + x 2 + y 2 = const .
dy
(ii) cos 2 x + y = tan x
dx
dy 1 tan x
Or + 2
y= = tan x sec 2 x
dx cos x cos 2 x
It is linear differential equation with
1
cos 2 x dx
I.F = e = e tan x
Solution is y.e tan x = e tan x tan x sec 2 xdx
= tan xe tan x e tan x . sec 2 xdx + c
= tan xe tan x e tan x + c
Hence required solution is
ye tan x = (tan x 1)e tan x + c
Q.35 Show that the sum to n terms of the series 1.3.5 + 3.5.7 + 5.7.9 + is
(
n 2 n 3 + 8n 2 + 7 n 2 . ) (8)
th
Ans: The r term of the series is given by
t r = (2r - 1)(2r + 1)(2r + 3)
= 8r 3 + 12r 2 - 2r - 3
sn , the sum to n terms of the series is
n n n
s = 8 r 3 + 12 r 2 2 r 3n
n
r =1 r =1 r =1
2
n (n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)
= 8 + 12 2 3n
2 6 2
= n (2n 3 + 8n 2 + 7n - 2)
Q.36 If , are the roots of the quadratic equation x 2 + px + 1 = 0 and , are the roots of the
quadratic equation x 2 + qx + 1 = 0, then show that ( )( )( + )( + ) = q 2 p 2 . (8)
Ans:
We have + = -p, = 1
+ = -q = 1
Now ( - )( - )( + )( + )
[ ][
= ( + ) + 2 + ( + ) + 2 ]
= ( 2 + p + 1)( 2 p + 1)
41
As , are roots of x 2 + qx + 1 = 0,
2 + 1 = - q and 2 + 1 = - q
Therefore,
( )( )( + )( + ) = (q + p )(q p )
= (q 2 p 2 ) = q 2 p 2 .
(since = 1)
Q.37 If A + B + C = 180o , prove that sin (B + C A ) + sin (C + A B) + sin

(A + B C) = 4 sin A sin B sin C . (8)
Ans:
We have B+C-A = 180 2A. so that
L.H.S. = sin (180 2A) + sin(180 2B) + sin(180 2C)
= sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C
= 2 sinA cosA + 2 sin(B + C) cos (B - C)
= -2 sinA [cos (B + C)] + 2 sinA cos(B - C)
= 2 sinA [cos(B C) cos(B + C)]
= 2 sinA 2sinB sinC
= 4 sinA sinB sinC

Q.38 Show that sin is a root of the equation 8x 3 4 x 2 4 x + 1 = 0 . (8)
14
Ans: It is sufficient to show that

8 sin 3 4 sin 2 4 sin + 1 = 0
14 14 14

1 cos
7 4 sin + 1
L.H.S. = 8 sin 3 4
14 2 14

1 - cos 2A
Q sin 2 A =
2

= 8 sin 3 4 sin + 2 cos 1
14 14 7

= 4 sin 2 sin 2 1 + 2 cos 1
14 14 7

= 4 sin cos + 2 cos 1
14 7 7
42

= 4 cos + cos + 2 cos 1
2 14 7 7
8
= 4 cos cos + 2 cos 1
14 7 7
5 3 5
= 2 cos + cos + 2 cos 1
7 7 7
1 5 3
= 2 sin cos + 2 cos . sin + 2 cos . sin 1
7 7 7 7 7 7
sin
7
1 6 4 4 2 2
= sin sin + sin sin + sin 1

sin 7 7 7 7 7
7
6
sin sin
7 1 = 7
= 1 = 0

sin sin
7 7
Q.39 Find the value of c1 such that the circles x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y + 1 = 0 and

x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 2 y + c1 = 0 touch each other. (8)
Ans:
x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 2 y + 1 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 2 y + c1 = 0 touch each other if the
distance between their centres is equal to the sum or difference of their radii.
centres of circles is (-1, -1) (-1, -1)
r1 = radius is 1 + 1 1 = 1
r 2 = 1 + 1 c1 = 2 c1
distance between centres is 0
2 c1 1 = 0
i.e. 2 - c1 + 1 2 2 - c1 = 0
c1 = 1
Q.40 For what values of k the points ( 1,4), (2,2) and ( 4 k,6 2k ) are collinear?
Ans: (8)
The points (-1, 4) (2, -2) and (-4 - k, 6 2k) are collinear iff
1 4 1
2 2 1 = 0
4 k 6 - 2k 1
43
R1 R1 R 2
R2 R2 R3
3 6 1
6+k 8 + 2k 1 = 0
4 k 6 2k 1
3(2k - 8) - 6(6 + k) = 0
- 12k - 12 = 0
k = -1
Q.41 Find the equation of the circle for which x y 1 = 0 is a tangent and x + y = 0,
x y + 4 = 0 are normals. (8)
Ans:
Any two normals of a circle intersect at the centre of the circle. So, the centre is
obtained by solving the equations of normals.
The point of intersection of the normals x + y = 0 and x y + 4 = 0 is the point(-2, 2)
Now, the radius of the circle is the perpendicular distance from the centre of the circle to
any target.
Hence,
Radius = perpendicular distance from (-2,2) to the target x y 1 = 0
2 2 1 5
= =
12 + (1) 2 2
5
Hence, the centre of the circle is (-1, 3) and the radius is .
2
So, the equation of the circle is
2
2 5
2
( x (2)) + ( y 2) =
2
25
or , x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 4 y + 4 =
2
or , 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 + 8 x 8 y 9 = 0
Q.42 Find the values of a, b such that the line ax + by + 1 = 0 is tangent to the hyperbola
3x 2 y 2 = 3 and is parallel to the line y = 2x + 4. (8)
Ans:
The equation of the hyperbola is
x2 y2 x2 y2
= 1 or, = 1,
1 3 2 2
where 2 = 1 and 2 = 3.
44
The straight line y = mx + c is a target to the hyperbola
x2 y2
2
2 = 1 if c 2 = 2 m 2 2 .

Since the straight line ax + by+1 = 0 is parallel to the line y = 2x + 4, thus m = 2.
Hence, c 2 = 2 m 2 2
= 1 .4 3 = 1
c = 1
Substituting in y = mx + c, we get y = 2x 1.
Thus, the required straight lines are y = 2x + 1 and y = 2x - 1
Or, 2x y + 1 = 0 and 2x + y + 1 = 0
Hence, the values of a and b are: a = 2, b = -1 and a = -2, b = 1.
sin 1 x tan 1 x
Q.43 Evaluate the limit lim . (8)
x 0 x3
Ans:
sin 1 x tan 1 x 0
lim 0 form
x 0 x3
1 1

1 x 2 1+ x 2
= lim [L' Hospital rule]
x 0 3x 2
1 1 1 + x 2 1 x 2
= lim
3 x 0 x 2 (1 + x 2 ) 1 x 2

1 1 (1 + x 2 ) 2 (1 x 2 ) 1
= lim .
3 x 0 x 2 (1 + x 2 ) 1 x 2 (1 + x 2 ) + 1 x 2
[ Multiplying (1 + x 2 ) + 1 x 2 to the numerator and denominator]
1 x 2 (3 + x 2 ) 1
= lim .
x 2 (1 + x 2 ) (1 + x 2 ) + 1 x 2
3 x 0
1 1 1
= .3. = .
3 2 2
2 1
x sin , for x 0,
Q.44 Consider the function f (x ) = x . Find f (0) using first principle. Is
0, for x = 0.
f (x ) continuous at x = 0? (8)
45
Ans:
1 1
h 2 sin sin
f ( h ) f ( 0) h = lim h = 0.
f (0) = lim = lim
x 0 h x 0 h x 0 1
h
1 1 1
If x 0, then f (x) = 2x sin + x 2 (cos ) 2
x x x
1 1
= 2x sin cos
x x
1 1
Now, lim f ( x ) = lim 2 x sin cos .
x 0 x 0
x x
1 1 1 1
we write cos = 2 x sin 2 x sin cos .
x x x x
1
Now, lim 2 x sin = 0, so that if lim f (x) exists, then
x 0 x x 0
1
lim cos will also exist, which is not true.
x 0 x
Hence, lim f (x) does not exist.
x 0
that is, f is not continuous at x = 0.
Q.45 Find the local maximum and minimum values of f (x ) = esin x in (0,2) . (8)
Ans:
Let f(x) = e sinx then f (x) = cosx e sinx
f (x) = 0 cosx = 0
3
x= , sin ce x [0,2].
2 2
Now f (x) = (cos 2 x - sinx)e sinx
If x = /2, then f (/2) = (0 - 1)e = - e < 0
So, x = /2 is a point of maximum
If x = 3/2, then f (x) = f (3/2) = (0 - (-1))e -1 = e 1 > 0.
So, x = 3/2 is a point of minimum

Hence, the maximum value of f is f = e
2
3
the minimum value of f is f = e -1 .
2
Q.46 Find the area of the region bounded by y = x 2 + 2 , y = x , x = 0 and x = 1. (8)
46
Ans:
let f(x) = -x and g(x) = x2 + 2.
Then f(x) g(x) and x in [0, 1]. Hence the required area is
[g( x) f (x )] dx
0
1
= [ x 2 + 2 + x ] dx
0
x3 x2 1 17
= + 2x + 0 = .
3 2 6
dx
Q.47 Evaluate the following integral cos x + sin 6 x
6
. (8)
Ans:
dx
cos 6
x + sin 6 x
dx
=
(cos x + sin x )(cos x cos 2 x sin 2 x + sin 4 x )
2 2 4
dx (1 + tan 2 x ) sec 2 x
=
1 - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x (1 + tan 2 x ) 2 3 tan 2 x
=
(multiplying and dividing by cos 4 x)

1+ t2
= dt (putting tanx = t)
(1 + t 2 ) 2 3t 2
1
2 1+
1+ t t 2 dt
= dt =
t t2 +1
4
1
t2 + 2 1
t
1
1+
t2 1
= dt = tan 1 t + c
1
2 t
t + 1
t2
= tan 1 (tan x cot x ) + c.
1
x 3dx
Q.48 Evaluate the following definite integral 2
. (8)
0 x + 2x + 1
47
Ans:
x3 x3 3x + 2
= = ( x 2) + .
x 2 + 2 x + 1 ( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2
3x + 2 A B
Now, = + A( x + 1) + B = 3x + 2
2 x + 1 ( x + 1) 2
( x + 1)
A = 3, B = - 1.
Thus,
1 1 1
x3 3( x + 1) 1
x 2 + 2x + 1 dx = ( x 2)dx + 2
dx
0 0 0 ( x + 1)
1 1 1
dx dx
= ( x 2)dx + 3
0
x +1
0 ( x + 1) 2
0
1
x2 1
= 2 x + 3 ln | x + 1 | +
2 x + 1
0
1 1
= 2 + 3 ln 2 + LL1
2 2
= 3 ln 2 2.
dy 2 x + 1 2x
Q.49 Solve the differential equation + y = e . (8)
dx x
Ans:
dy 2 x + 1 2x
+ y = e
dx x
An integrating factor is
2x + 1
exp dx = exp(2x + ln | x |= x e .
2x
x
multiplying the given equation through by x e 2x , we get
dy
xe 2x + e 2 x (2x + 1) y = x
dx
d
or,
dx
(
xe 2 x y = x)
integrating, we get
x2
x e 2x y = + c.
2
Hence, the solution is
1 2x c 2x
y= xe + e
2 x
where c is an arbitrary constant.
48
Q.50 Solve the differential equation
(
x sin ydx + x 2 + 1 cos ydy = 0 .) (8)
Ans:
Separating the variables by dividing by (x2+1) sin y, we get
x cos y
dx + dy = 0
2 sin y
x +1
x cos y
Thus, 2
dx + dy = c
x +1 sin y
1
or, ln(x 2 + 1) + ln | sin y |= c.
2
or, ln (x2+1) + 2 ln |siny| = 2c

2
or, ln[(x2+1) sin y] = 2c = ln k, say
2
or, (x2+1) sin y = k, ------- (*)
where k is an arbitrary constant.
In dividing by (x2 + 1) sin y, we assumed that sin y 0.
now, consider sin y = 0. These are given by y = n, n = 0, 1, 2,. Writing the
original differential equation in the derivative form, it is clear that y = n is a constant
solution. Each of these constant solution is present in the solution (*). So, we have not lost
any solution in the division process.
Q.51 Show that the coefficient of x n in the expansion of (1 + x )2 n is double the coefficient of x n
in the expansion of (1 + x )2n 1 . (8)
Ans:
coefficient of x n in expansion of (1 + x) 2n = 2n
Cn .......(1)
n 2n -1 2n -1
coefficient of x in expansion of (1 + x) = C n .......(2)
2n 2n 1 n n 2n n 1 2n
Thus ratio of (1) to (2) = = = =2
2n n n 2n 1 n n
Thus coefficient of x n is expansion of (1 + x) 2n is double the coefficient of
x n in (1 + x) 2n -1 .
49
Q.52 If x = 1 + a + a 2 + ..... and y = 1 + b + b 2 + ..... , where a < 1, b < 1 then prove that
xy
1 + ab + a 2 b 2 + a 3b 3 ..... = . (8)
x + y 1
Ans:
1
x = 1 + a + a 2 + a 3 + .... = (sum of an infinite G.P.)
1 a
x 1
or x ax = 1 or a =
x
y -1
Similarly b =
y
1
1 + ab + a 2 b 2 + a 3 b 3 + ..... = (sum of an infinite G.P.)
1 ab
1 xy
= =
x 1 y 1 x + y 1
1 .
x y
Q.53 If A + B + C = , show that

sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C . (8)
Ans:
LHS = sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C
c+d cd
= 2 sin(A+B) cos (A-B) + 2 sinC cosC ( sin c + sin d = 2 sin cos
= 2 sin(-c) cos(A-B) + 2sinC cos(A+B) 2 2
= 2 sinC cos(A-B) 2 sinC cos(A+B)
= 2 sinC[cos(A-B) cos(A+B)]
= 2 sinC[cosA cosB + sinA sinB cosA cosB + sinA sinB]
= 4 sinA sinB sinC = R.H.S.
Q.54 If a, b, c be the sides opposite to the angles A, B, C of a triangle ABC, show that
BC
tan
bc 2 .
= (8)
b + c tan B + C
2
Ans:
b - c k sin B k sin C a b c
LHS = = using sin formula = =
b + c k sin B + k sin C sinA sinB sinC
B+C BC BC
2 cos sin tan
sin B sin C 2 2 = 2 = R.H.S.
= =
sin B + sin C B + C B C B + C
2 sin cos tan
2 2 2
50
Q.55 Derive the formula for finding the area of a triangle whose vertices are A(x1 , y1 ), B(x 2 , y 2 )
and C(x 3 , y 3 ) . (8)
Ans:
Drop s AM , BL, CN from A, B, C on x - axis.
ABC = trap A B L M + trap AMNC - trap B L N C
BL + AM AM + CN BL + CN
= .LM + MN LN
2 2 2
y1 + y 2 y + y3 y + y3
= (x 1 x 2 ) + 1 (x 3 x 1 ) 2 (x 3 x 2 )
2 2 2
1
= [x 1 ( y 2 y 3 ) + x 2 ( y 3 y 1 ) + x 3 ( y 1 y 2 )]
2
x 1 y1 1
1
= x2 y2 1
2
x 3 y3 1
Q.56 Find the equation of a straight line joining the point (3, 5) to the point of intersection of the
lines 4x +y = 1 and 7x 3 y = 35. (8)
Ans:
Any line passing through the point of intersection of the given lines is
4x + y 1 + k(7x 3y 35) = 0 ----------(1)
16
If (1) passes through (3, 5), 4 3 + 5 - 1 + k(7 3 - 3 5 - 35) = 0 or k =
29
16
Thus required line 4x + y - 1 + (7 x 3y 35) = 0 or 12x - y - 31 = 0
29
Q.57 Find the equation of the circle which passes through the centre of the circle
x 2 + y 2 + 8x + 10 y 7 = 0 and is concentric with the circle 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 8x 12 y 9 = 0 .
(8)
Ans:
Any circle concentrate with the given circle is
2 x 2 + 2 y 2 8 x 12 y + k = 0 - - - - - -(1)
51
(1) passes through the centre of the circle x 2 + y 2 8x 10 y + 7 = 0

with (-4,-5). Therefore (-4,-5) shall satisfy (1).
2 16 + 2 25 - 8(-4) - 12(-5) + k = 0 or k = 174
Thus required circle is
2 x 2 + 2 y 2 8x 12 y + 174 = 0
x 2 + y 2 4 x 6 y + 87 = 0
Q.58 Find the focus, vertex, directrix and axis of the parabola y = 4 x 2 + 3x . (8)
Ans:
The given parabola can be written as
3 y
x2 x =
4 4
2
3 y 9
or x = +
8 4 64
1 9
= y ....(1)
4 16
3 9 1
put x = X, y = Y, (1) becomes X 2 = Y
8 16 4
3 9 3
which represents a parabola with vertex at , and axis x =
8 16 8
3 9 1 3 1
focus S = , i.e. ,
8 16 16 8 2
9 1 5
Direction y = + =
16 16 8
The shape of the parabola is as shown in the figure
Q.59 Evaluate lim

(
x 3x 1 )
. (8)
x 0 1 cos x
Ans:
x (3 x 1) 3x 1 x2 x2
lim = lim . = log e 3 lim
x 0 1 cos x x 0 x x x 0
2 sin 2
x
1 1 2 sin 2
2 2
2
= log e 3 lt = 2 log e 3
x 2
0 sin x
2 2
x
2
52
dy 2 2
Q.60 Find , if y = sin 1 , x = tan 1 . (8)
2
dx 1+ 1 2
Ans:
put = tan
2 tan 2 tan
y = sin 1 2
, x = tan 1
1 + tan 1 tan 2
sin
2
1 cos , x = tan 1 (tan( + ))
= sin
sin
2
1+
cos 2
y = sin 1 (2 sin cos ), x = 2
y = 2 , x = 2
dy dy d 1
= . = 2 = 1
dx d dx 2
Q.61 Derive the equation of the tangent and the normal to the curve y 2 = 4ax at the point
(at 2 ,2at ). (8)
Ans:
dy dy 4a a 1
y 2 = 4ax , 2 y
= 4a or = = = at (at 2 , 2at )
dx dx 2 4ax x t
2
Equation of the tangent at(at , 2at) is
dy
y - 2at = ( x at 2 )
dx
1
y - 2at = ( x at 2 ) or yt = x + at 2
t
x + sin x
Q.62 Evaluate 1 + cos x
dx . (8)
Ans:
x x
x + 2 sin
cos
x + sin x 2 2 dx
1 + cos x dx = x
1 + 2 cos 2 1
2
1 x x
= x sec 2 dx + tan dx
2 2 2
x x x x
= x tan 1. tan dx + tan dx = x tan
2 2 2 2
53
x2 y2
Q.63 Find the volume of the solid of revolution obtained by revolving the ellipse + =1
a2 b2
about x-axis. (8)
Ans:
a
Required volume of revolution = 2 y 2 dx
0
a
x 2

= 2 b 2 1 - 2 dx
0 a
a
b2
x
2 2
= 2b a 2 2 dx
a 0
b2 a3 4
= 2b 2 a 2 2
. = ab 2
a 3 3

2
Q.64 Evaluate sin n xdx , for any positive integer n. (8)
0
Ans:
/2 /2 / 2 /2
I n = sin n xdx = sin n 1x sin xdx = sin n 1 x cos x + (n 1) sin n 2 x cos 2 x dx
0 0 0 0
/2
= (n 1) sin n 2 x (1 sin 2 x )dx = (n 1)I n 2 (n 1)I n
0
or changing sides
/ 2 /2
n 1
nI n = (n 1)I n 1 or I n = sin xdx = n
sin
n2
x dx
0
n 0
continuing the process

n 1 n 1 n 3 n 5 2
In = I n 2 = . ..... I, if n is odd
n n n 2 n4 3
n 1 n 3 n 5 1
= . ..... I 0 , if n is even
n n2 n4 2
54
/ 2
where I1 = sin xdx = 1
0
/ 2

I0 = xdx = 2
0
/2
n 1 n 3 n 5 2
sin
n
Hence xdx = . ..... , if n is odd
0
n n 2 n 4 3
n 1 n 3 n 5 1
= . ..... . , if n is even
n n2 n4 2 2
dy
Q.65 (i) = e 3x y + x 2 e y .
dx
dy dy
(ii) y x =x+y .
dx dx
(
(iii) 1 + x 2 ) dxdy + 2xy = 1 +1x 2 . (16)
Ans: (i)
dy
= e 3 x y + x 2 e y = ( e 3 x + x 2 )e y
dx
or e y dy = (e 3x + x 2 )dx
1 3x x 3
int egrating, e + + c = ey
3 3
y = log(1 / 3e + x / 3 + C)
3x 3
(ii)
dy y x
Given equation can be rewritten as = .......(1)
dx y + x
dy dv
put y = 1 / x , = v+x
dx dx
dv vx x v 1
(1) becomes v + x = =
dx vx + x v + 1
dv v 1 1 v 2 1+ v 2
or x = v= =
dx v + 1 v +1 v +1
v 1 dx
or 2 + 2 dv =
v +1 v +1 x
55
1
Integrating, log(1 + v 2 ) + tan 1 v = log x + c
2
1 y 2 y
or log 1 + + tan 1 + log x = const
2 x 2 x
1 y
or log( x 2 + y 2 ) + tan 1 = const
2 x
(iii)
Given equation can be rewritten as
dy 2x 1
+ 2
y
dx 1 + x (1 + x 2 ) 2
2x
1+ x 2 dx 2
it ' s I.F. is = e = e log(1+ x ) = 1 + x 2
Hence solution is
1 1
y(1 + x 2 ) = (1 + x 2 ) 2 2
dx + c = dx + c
(1 + x ) 1+ x 2
y(1 + x 2 ) = tan 1 x + c
Q.66 The sum of first p terms of an A.P. is the same as the sum of its first q terms. Find the sum
of its first (p + q) terms. (8)
Ans:
p q
[2a + ( p 1)d ] = [2a + (q 1)d ]
2 2
p 2a + (q 1)d
=
q 2a + ( p 1)d
p + q 4 a + ( p + q 2) d
=
pq (q 1 p + 1)d
p + q 4 a + ( p + q 2) d
Or =
pq (q p)d
( p + q ) d = 4a + ( p + q 2) d
Or 4a + (p + q 2)d + (p + q)d = 0
Or 4a + (2p + 2q 2)d = 0
Or 2[2a + (p+ q 1)d] = 0
p+q
Or [2a + ( p + q 1)d ] = 0
2
Thus sum of (p + q) terms is 0.
Q.67 For what value of n are the coefficients of second, third and fourth terms in the expansion of
(1+ x )n in A.P.? (8)
Ans:
Since 2nd, 3rd, 4th terms of (1 + x)n are in A.P. Thus
56
nC + n = 2n
1 C C
3 2
n(n 1)(n 2) 2n(n 1)
n+ =
3! 2!
n 2
Or 1 + (n 1) 6 = 0
6
6 + (n 1)(n 8) = 0
n 2 9n + 14 = 0 n = 2,7
n = 7 is only possible.
Q.68 Solve for the equation Sin m + Sin n = 0 , where m n . (8)
Ans:
sin mq + sin nq = 0
(m + n) (m n)
sin . cos =0
2 2
m+n
either sin =0
2
(m + n)
= n
2
2 n
=
m+n
( m n )
And cos =0
2
(m n)
= (2n + 1)
2 2
(2n + 1)
=
( m n)
2 n (2n + 1)
= or
m+n mn
Q.69 If a, b, c be the sides opposite to the angles A, B, C for a triangle ABC, show that
AB
Cos
a+b 2 .
= (8)
c C
Sin
2
Ans:
a + b sin A + sin B
=
c sin C
A+ B A B
2 sin cos
= 2 2
C C
2 sin cos
2 2
57
C A B A B
sin cos cos
= 2 2 2
= 2
C C C
sin cos sin
2 2 2
Q.70 Derive the formula for the angle between the straight lines y = m1x + c1 and y = m 2 x + c 2 .
(8)
Ans:
Let y = m1 x + C1 be the equation of line AC which makes an angle 1 with x axis, so
m1 = tan 1 and y = m2 x + C2 be the equation of line BC which makes an angle 2 with x axis
so m2 = tan 2
The angle between the lines
= 2 1 or 180 ( 2 1 )
tan = tan( 2 1 )
tan[180 ( 2 1 )] = tan( 2 1 )or tan( 2 1 )
Thus tan = tan( 2 1 )or tan( 2 1 )
= tan( 2 1 )
tan 1 tan 2
=
1 + tan 1 tan 2
m m2
= 1
1 + m1m2
m1 m2
tan =
m1m2 + 1
m1 m2
= tan 1
m1m2 + 1
Q.71 Find the equation of a straight line which is perpendicular to 2x 5y = 30 and the sum of its
intercepts on the coordinate axes is 7. (8)
Ans:
Let the equation of the line is
y = mx + C
It is perpendicular to 5y = 2x 30
2
m. = 1
5
5
m = [m1.m2 = 1]
2
Equation of the line is
5
y= x+c
2
Or 2y + 5x = 2c
Its passing through (x, 0) therefore
58
2c
x=
5
Again it is passing through (0, 7-x)
2( 7 x ) = 2c c=5
Or 14 2x = 5 x 2 or x = 2
Equation of line is 2y + 5x = 10
Q.72 Find the equation of the circle concentric with the circle 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 + 8x + 10 y 39 = 0 and
having its area equal to 16 . (8)
Ans:
5
Centre of the circle 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 + 8 x + 10 y 39 = 0 is 2,
2
39
Or x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 5 y =0
2
Also area r 2 = 16
r = 4
Let the equation of the required circle is
( x h) 2 + ( y k ) 2 = r 2
( x + 2) 2 + ( y + 5 / 2) 2 = 16
25
x 2 + 4x + 4 + y 2 + 5 y + = 16
4
23
x2 + y 2 + 4x + 5 y =0
4
Q.73 Find the centre, eccentricity, foci and length of the latus rectum of the ellipse
4 x 2 + 9 y 2 8x + 36 y + 4 = 0 . (8)
Ans:
4 x 2 + 9 y 2 8 x + 36 y + 4 = 0
(4 x 2 8 x) + (9 y 2 + 36 y ) + 4 = 0
4( x 2 2 x + 1) + 9( y 2 + 4 y + 4) 4 36 + 4 = 0
4( x 1) 2 + 9( y + 2) 2 = 36
( x 1) 2 ( y + 2) 2
+ =1
9 4
Let x 1 = X
y + 2 = Y,
X2 Y2
thus + =1
9 4
Centre (0, 0) X = 0, Y = 0
i.e. (1, -2)
b2 4 5 5
Eccentricity e 2 = 1 2 = 1 = e =
a 9 9 3
59
Foci X = a x 1 = 3 x = 4
Or x 1 = 3 x = 2
Foci (4 , -2), (-2, -2)
Length = 4a = 4 x 3 = 12
Q.74 Differentiate from the first principle the function y = tan x. (8)
Ans:
y = tanx y = y = tan(x + x)
y tan( x + x ) tan x sin( x + x ) cos x cos( x + x ) sin x
lim = lim = lim
y 0 x x 0 x x 0 x. cos x. cos( x + x )
sin x 1
= lim .
x 0 x cos x. cos( x + x )
= sec 2 x
Q.75 Evaluate Lim

(1 + x + x 2 ) 1 . (8)
x 0 Sin 4 x
Ans:
(1 + x + x 2 ) 1
lim
x 0 sin 4 x
1 + 2x
2
= lim 2 1 + x + x (L-Hospital rule)
x 0 4 cos 4 x
1
(1 + 2 x)
2 1
= =
4 8
Q.76 Find the local maximum and minimum values of the function y = sin 3x 3 sin x,
0 x < 2 . (8)
Ans:
y = sin3x 3sinx
dy
= 3 cos 3 x 3 cos x
dx
dy
= 0 cos 3 x cos x = 0
dx
4 cos 3 x 3 cos x cos x = 0
4 cos 3 x 4 cos x = 0
4 cos x(cos 2 x 1) = 0
3 5 7
cos x = 0 x = , , , ,
2 2 2 2
3
x= ,
2 2
60
and cos 2 x 1 = 0 cos x = 1 cos x = cos 0
x = 0,2
d2y
= 9 sin 3 x + 3 sin x
dx 2
d2y
At x = 2 = 9 3 = 6 > 0
2 dx
2
3 d y 9 3
x= 2 = 9 sin + 3 sin = 9 3 = 12 < 0
2 dx 2 2
d2y
At x = 0, 2 , = 0.
dx 2
3
Thus maximum is obtained at x = and maximum value is 4.
2

The minimum is obtained at x = and minimum value is -4.
2
xdx
Q.77 Evaluate . (8)
x2 + a2 + x2 a2
Ans:
xdx
x + a + x2 a2
2 2
=
1
2a 2
(
x x 2 + a 2 x 2 a 2 dx )
1 1 dt
2
= t dt 2 u du Let x 2 + a 2 = t xdx =
4a 4a 2
du
Also let x 2 a 2 = u xdx =
2
1 2 32 2 32
= t u
4a 2 3 3
1 3 1 3
= 2
( x2 + a2 ) 2 2 ( x2 a2 ) 2
6a 6a
=
1
6a 2
( {
x 2
+ a 2 2
)
3
( x 2
a 2
)
3
2
}
Q.78 Find the area bounded by the curve y + x = a and the coordinate axes. (8)
Ans:
Let x = 0 y = a
y=0 x=a
y= a x
y = a x 2 ax
61
0
A = ydx = a x 2 ax dx ( )
a
0
x2 2 3
= ax + 2 a x 2
2 3 a
a 2
4 a 32
= a 2 + + a
2 3
a 2 4a 2
= +
2 3
3a 2 + 8a 2 5a 2
= =
2 3 6

2
cos x dx
Q.79 Evaluate (1 + Sin x )(2 + Sin x ) . (8)
0
Ans:

2
cos xdx
I= (1 + sin x)(2 + sin x)
0
2
dt
= t (t + 1)
1 1 + sin x = t
2 2
1 1 x = 0 t =1
= t dt t + 1dt
1 1 x = t =2
2
= [log t ]12 [log(t + 1)]12
= log2 log1 log3 + log2
= 2log2 log3
4
= log
3
Q.80 Solve any TWO of the following differential equations:- (24)
dy
(i) xy = 1 + x + y + xy .
dx
(
(ii) x 2 y 2 dx = 2xy dy . )
(iii) 1 - x 2 ( ) dxdy - xy = 1 .
62
Ans:
(i)
dy
xy = 1 + x + y + xy
dx
dy
Or xy = (1 + x)(1 + y )
dx
y (1 + x)
Or dy = dx
(1 + y ) x
(1 + y ) 1 dx
Or dx = dx +
(1 + y ) x
1 dx
Or dy dy = dx +
1+ y x
y log(1 + y ) = x + log x + c
(ii) ( x 2 y 2 )dx 2 xy = 0
M
M = x2 y2 , = 2 y
y
N
N = 2 xy, = 2 y
x
M N
Thus = , therefore eq is exact. Hence solution is
y x
(x
2
y 2 )dx = C
x3
Or xy 2 = C .
3
(iii)
dy
(1 x 2 ) xy = 1
dx
dy x 1
Or 2
y=
dx 1 x 1 x2
x
dx
1 x 2
I.F = e
1 2 x
1 x 2 dx
= e2
1
log(1 x 2 )
= e2
= 1 x2
1
y 1 x2 = dx + c
1 x2
y 1 x 2 = sin 1 x + c .
Q.81 If 5 times the 5th term of an A.P. is equal to the 10 times the 10th term, find the 15th term of
the A.P. (8)
63
Ans:
5th term of an A.P = a + 4d
10th term of an A.P = a + 9d
Here 5(a + 4d) = 10(a + 9d)
a + 4d = 2a + 18d
a = -14d
t15 = a + 14d
=aa=0
Q.82 If Sn denotes the sum of n terms of a G.P., prove that (S10 S20 )2 = S10 (S30 S20 ) .
(8)
Ans:
a (1 r 10 ) a (1 r 30 ) a (1 r 20 )
s10 ( s30 s20 ) =
1 r 1 r 1 r
a 2 (1 r 10 )
=
(1 r ) 2
[
1 r 30 1 + r 20 ]
a 2 (1 r 10 )(r 20 r 30 )
=
(1 r ) 2
a 2 r 20 (1 r 10 ) 2
=
(1 r ) 2
2
2 a (1 r 10 ) a (1 r 20 )
( s10 s20 ) =
1 r 1 r
a2
=
(1 r ) 2
[ ]
1 r 10 1 + r 20
2
a 2 r 20 10
=
(1 r ) 2
[
r 1
2
]
a 2 r 20
=
(1 r ) 2
[
1 r 10
2
]
L.H.S = R.H.S
sin A sin 3A + sin 5A sin 7A
Q.83 Show that = cot 2A . (8)
cos A cos 3A cos 5A + cos 7 A
Ans:
sin a sin 3a + sin 5a sin 7 a
L.H.S =
cos a cos 3a cos 5a + cos 7 a
2 cos 4a sin 3a + 2 cos 4a sin a
=
2 cos 4a cos 3a 2 cos 4a cos a
sin a sin 3a
=
cos 3a cos a
2 cos 2a sin a
=
2 sin 2a sin a
= cot 2a = R.H.S
64
1 1 3
Q.84 If in the triangle ABC, A = 60o , prove that + = . (8)
c+a a+b a+b+c
Ans:
To prove
1 1 3
+ =
c+a c+b a+b+c
(2a + b + c)(a + b + c) = 3(a + c)(a + b)
2a 2 + 2ab + 2ac + ab + b 2 + bc + ac + bc + c 2
= 3(a 2 + ab + ca + cb)
b 2 + c 2 = bc + a 2
b2 + c2 a2 1
=
2bc 2
1
cos A =
2
This is true since A = 600 .
Q.85 Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the intersection of the lines
x + y 3 = 0 and 2x y = 0 and is inclined at an angle of 45o with x-axis. (8)
Ans:
Point of intersection is (1, 2)
x+y=3
2x y = 0
, x = 1, y = 2
3x = 3
Let the equation of the line is
y = wx + c
Here w = tan 450 = 1.
And became the line passing through (1, 2) therefore
2=1+C C = 1
Therefore the equation of required line is y = x + 1 i.e. x y + 1 = 0
Q.86 Show that 9 x 2 + 4 y 2 54 x 56 y + 241 = 0 represents an ellipse. Find its centre, vertices,
foci, eccentricity, directrices, latusrectum and equations of major and minor axis. (8)
Ans:
9 x 2 + 4 y 2 54 y 56 y + 241 = 0
(9 x 2 54 x) + (4 y 2 56 y ) + 241 = 0
9( x 2 6 x + 9) + 4( y 2 14 y ) + 241 = 0
9( x 2 6 x + 9) + 4( y 2 14 y + 49) + 241 81 196 = 0
9( x 3) 2 + 4( y 7) 2 277 + 241 = 0
9( x 3) 2 + 4( y 7) 2 36 = 0
( x 3) 2 ( y 7) 2
+ =1
4 9
65
Let x 3 = X, y 7 = Y
X2 Y2
+ = 1 .(1)
4 9
Center of the ellipse = (0, 0)
X = 0 x 3 = 0 x = 3, Y = 0 y 7 = 0 y = 7
Center = (3, 7)
About major axis: - x = a x 3 = 2 x = 5; x = 5. Also x = -a x 3 = 2
x = (5, 7)(1, 7)
Y=0 y7=0 y=7
About minor axis: - X = 0 x 3 = 0 x = 3
Y = b y 7 = 3 y = 10
Y = -b y 7 = -3 y = 4
For y = b y 7 = 3 y = 10,
y7=3 y=4
foci (3, 10)(3, 4)
Eccentricity
2 a2 4 5
e = 1 2 = 1 =
b 9 9
5
e =

3
Directories y = b y 7 = 3 y 10 = 0, y 4 = 0
Latus rectum 4a = 4 x 2 = 8
Equation x = a x = 5
X = -a x = 1
Minor Axis y = b y = 10
y = -b y = 4
Q.87 Find the equation of the circle which passes (4, 1) & (6, 5) and having centre on the line
4x+y =16. (8)
Ans:
Equation of the circle, x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 .(*)
Which passes through (4, 1) and (6, 5)
16 + 1 + 8g + 2f + c = 0
8g + 2f + c + 17 = 0 . (1)
36 + 25 + 12g + 10f + c = 0
12g + 10f + c + 61 = 0 . (2)
Since centre lies on line 4x + y = 16, thus
-4g f -16 = 0
4g + f + 16 = 0 . (3)
Equation (2) (1)
4g + 8f + 44 = 0
g + 2f + 11 = 0 . (4)
8g + 2f + 32 = 0 ... (5)
Equation (5) (4)
7g + 21 = 0
66
g = -3
Putting the value of g in Equation (3)
-12 + f + 16 = 0
g = -3, f = -4
From Equation (1)
-24 8 + c + 17 = 0
-32 + 17 + c = 0
-15 + c = 0
c = 15
Thus the Equation of circle is: -
x 2 + y 2 6 x 8 y + 15 = 0
e ax e ab
Q.88 Find the value of Lim (8)
x b x b
Ans:
e ax e ab
lim form 0/0
x b x b
Using L-Hospital rule.
ae ax
lim = ae ab
x b 1
Q.89 Differentiate y = tan x w.r.t. x from first principle. (6)
Ans:
y = tanx
y + y = tan( x + x)
dy y
= lt
dx x 0 x
sin( x + x) sin x

cos( x + ) cos x
= lim
x 0 x
sin( x + x) cos x sin x cos( x + x)
= lim
x 0 cos x. cos( x + x)x
sin( x + x x)
= lim
x 0 cos x. cos( x + x )x
sin x 1 1
= lim . lim .
x 0
x x 0 cos x cos( x + x)
1
= 1. 2
= sec 2 x
cos x
Q.90 Differentiate y = x sin x + (sin x )x w.r.t x. (10)
Ans:
y = x sin x + (sin x) x
67
Let y 1 = x (sin x )
log y1 = sin x log x
1 dy1 sin x
= cos x log x +
y1 dx x
dy1 sin x
= x sin x log x cos x + x sin x .
dx x
x
Let y2 = (sin x)
log y2 = x log sin x
1 dy2 x
= log sin x + cos x
y2 dx sin x
dy
2 = (sin x) x [log sin x + x cot x]
dx
dy dy1 dy2
= +
dx dx dx
x
x y a
Q.91 Prove that straight line + = 1 touches the curve y = be at the point where the curve
a b
crosses the axis of y. (8)
Ans:
x
The point where the curve crosses the axis is given by put x = 0 y = b . Y = be a
x
dy b a dy b
= e =
dx a dx ( 0,b ) a
Equation of tangent at the point (0, b)
b
y b = ( x) ay ab = bx
a
x y
bx + ay = ab + = 1
a b
Hence Proved.
x2 y2
Q.92 Find the volume generated by revolving the ellipse + = 1 about x-axis.
a2 b2
(8)
Ans:
a
Required value = 2 y 2 dx
0
a
x2
2b 1 2
2
a 0
2 a 4ab 2
2b a =
3 3
68

2

Q.93 Prove that log sin xdx =
2
log 2 . (10)
0
Ans:

2
I = log sin x
0

2
= log cos x
0

2
2 I = (log sin x + log cos x)dx
0

2
= log sin x cos xdx
0

2 2
2 I = log sin 2 x log 2dx
0 0

2

2 I = log sin 2 xdx log 2
0
2
2 x = t 2dx = dt

dt
2 I = log sin t log 2
0
2 2

2I = I log 2
2

I= log 2
2
Q.94 Solve
(sin 1 x )3 dx . (6)
1 x2
Ans:
(sin 1 x)3
1 x2
dx
dx
Let sin 1 x = t = dt
1 x2
t4 (sin 1 x) 4

3
t dt = + c = +c
4 4
Q.95 (
Solve 3e x tan ydx + 1 e x sec 2 ydy = 0 . ) (8)
69
Ans:
3e x tan ydx + (1 e x ) sec 2 ydy = 0
3e x sec 2 y
dx + dy = 0
1 ex tan y
I1 + I 2 = 0
ex
3 dx + log tan y = c
x
1 e
Let 1 e x = t
e x dx = dt
dt
3 + log tan y = c
t
log tan y 3 log t = c
tan y
log 3 = c
t
tan y
=c
(1 e x ) 3
tan y = c(1 e x ) 3
Q.96 (
Solve 1 + x 2 ) dxdy + 2xy 4x 2 = 0 subject to the initial condition y(0) = 0. (8)
Ans:
dy 2 x 4x2
+ y = 2

dx 1 + x 2 1+ x
2x
I.F =
2
2
dx = e log(1+ x ) = (1 + x 2 )
1+ x
y.(1 + x 2 ) = 4 x 2 dx + c
4 x3
y (1 + x 2 ) = +c
3
x = 0, y = 0
c=0
4x3
y=
3(1 + x 2 )
Q.97 How many terms are there in a finite AP whose first and fifth terms are respectively 14 & 2
and the sum of terms is 40. (8)
Ans:
Let first term in AP be a and d be the common difference.
According to the given condition
First term a = -14
Fifth term a + 4d = 2
-14 + 4d = 2
70
4d = 16
d=4
According to another condition
n
40 = [2(14) + (n 1)4]
2
n
= [28 + 4n 4]
2
n
= (4n 32)
2
80 = 32n + 4n 2
4n 2 32n 80 = 0
n 2 8n 20 = 0
n(n 10) + 2(n 10) = 0
Neglecting n = -2 because no of terms cannot be negative
The only possibility is n = 10.
Q.98 The sum of three numbers in G.P. is 13 12 and their product is 1. Find the numbers.
(8)
Ans:
a
Let the three numbers in G.P be , a, ar
r
Then according to the first condition
a 13
+ a + ar =
r 12
1 13
a + 1 + r =
r 12
1 + r + r 2 13
a = . (1)
r 12
According to the second condition
a
a ar = 1
r
a 3 = 1
a 3 = (1) 3
a = -1 (2)
Substituting the value of a in equation (1)
1 + r + r 2 13
=
r 12
12 + 12r + 12r 2 = 13r
12r 2 + 25r + 12 = 0
25 625 576
r=
24
25 49 25 7
= =
24 24
71
18 32
r= ,
24 24
3 4
r= ,
4 3
3
a = -1, r =
4
Then the three numbers be
a
, a, ar ie
r
1 3
, 1, (1)
3 4

4
4 3
, 1,
3 4
4
When a = -1, r =
3
Then the three numbers be
a
, a, ar ie
r
-1 4
, 1, (1)
4 3

3
3 4
, 1,
4 3
Q.99 If A + B + C = 180 o , prove that

A B C
cos A + cos B cos C = 1 + 4 cos cos sin (8)
2 2 2
Ans:
Given A + B + C = 180
A B C
To Prove that cos A + cos B cos C = 1 + 4 cos cos sin
2 2 2
L.H.S.
cos A + cos B cos C = (cos A + cos B ) cos C ------------------------- (1)
A+ B A B
= 2 cos cos cos C
2 2
180 C A B
= 2 cos cos cos C
2 2
C A B
= 2 cos 90 cos cos C ------------- (2)
2 2
C A B C
= 2 sin cos 1 2 sin 2
2 2 2
72
C A B C
= 2 sin cos 1 + 2 sin 2
2 2 2
C A B C
= 1 + 2 sin cos + sin
2 2 2
C A B 180 ( A + B )
= 1 + 2 sin cos + sin
2 2 2
C A B A + B
= 1 + 2 sin cos + sin 90
2 2 2
C A B A+ B
= 1 + 2 sin cos + cos
2 2 2
C A B A B
= 1 + 2 sin cos + cos +
2 2 2 2 2
C A B
= 1 + 2 sin 2 cos + cos = R.H.S.
2 2 2
Q.100 In any triangle ABC, prove that (8)

2 2 2
b +c a tan C
=
a 2 + b2 c2 tan A
Ans:
b2 + c 2 a 2
2 2 2
b +c a
L.H.S. 2 = 2 2abc
2
a +b c 2
a + b2 c2
2abc
cos A
tan C
= K sin A = = R.H.S.
cos C tan A
K sin C
Q.101 Find the vertex, axis, focus, latus rectum and directrix of the parabola x 2 + 2 y 3x + 5 = 0 .
(8)
Ans:
The given equation is
x 2 + 2 y 3x + 5 = 0
x 2 3 x = 2 y 5
9 9
x 2 3 x + = 2 y 5 +
4 4
2
3 11
x = 2 y
2 4
2
3 11
x = 2 y + ------------------------------ (2)
2 8
73
3 11
x = X, y + =Y
2 8
2
X = 2Y --------------------------------------------- (1)
Comparing it units X 2 = 4aY
1
4a = 2, a =
2
3 11
Vertex ,
2 8
3
Axis x = 0
2
3 15
Focus ,
2 8
L.R. 2
Q.102 Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points (1, 1) & (2, 2) & whose
radius is 1. (8)
Ans:
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 (1)
equation (1) passes through the point (1, 1)
(1) 2 + (1) 2 + 2 g (1) + 2 f (1) + c = 0
2g + 2f + c = -2 (2)
equation (1) passes through the point (2, 2)
( 2) 2 + ( 2) 2 + 2 g ( 2) + 2 f ( 2) + c = 0
4g + 4f + c = -8 (3)
Also radius = 1
g2 + f 2 c =1 (4)
Solving equation (2) and (3)
-2g -2f = 6
g + f = -3 (5)
4g + 4f + c = -8
g2 + f 2 c =1
g 2 + 4 g + f 2 + 4 f = 7 (6)
(3 f ) 2 + 4(3 f ) + f 2 + 4 f = 7
9 + f 2 + 6 f 12 4 f + f 2 + 4 f = 7
2f 2 +6f +4=0
f 2 +3f +2 = 0
( f + 1)( f + 2) = 0
f = -1 f = -2
g = -3 + 1 = -2 g = -3 + 2 = -1
g2 + f 2 c =1 g2 + f 2 c =1
74
4+1c=1 1 + 4 c =1
c=4 c=4
Thus the required equation of the circle is
x2 + y 2 4x 2 y + 4 = 0 & x2 + y 2 2x 4 y + 4 = 0
Q.103 Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to 7x + 9y 3 = 0 and passing through
(3, 8) (8)
Ans:
Equation of straight line perpendicular to 7x+ 9y + 3 = 0 is 9x 7y + k = 0
It passes through (3, 8)
Q Any line perpendicular to ax + by + c = 0 is given by bx + ay + k = 0
9(3) 7(8) + k = 0
27 56 + k = 0
k = 29
Thus the required equation be
9x 7y + 29 = 0
Q.104 Differentiate from the first principle the function y = sin 3x. (8)
Ans:
If f(x) = y = sin 3x
Using first principle
dy f ( x + h) f ( x)
= lim
dx h0 h
dy sin(3 x + 3h) sin 3 x
= lim
dx h0 h
3 x + 3h + 3 x 3 x + 3h 3 x
2 cos sin
= lim 2 2
h 0 h
6 x + 3h 3h
2 cos sin
= lim 2 2
h 0 h
3h
sin
6 x + 3h 2 3
= lim 2 cos
h 0
2 3h 2
2
6x 3
= 2 cos (1) *
2 2
= 3 cos 3x.
tan x sin x
Q.105 Evaluate Lim . (8)
x 0 sin 3 x
75
Ans:
tan x sin x tan 0 sin 0 0 0 0
lim = = = Form
x0 sin 3 x sin 3 0 0 0
sin x 1
sin x sin x 1
cos x cos x
lim 3
= lim 2
x0 sin x x 0 sin x. sin x
1 cos x 1 cos x
lim 2
= lim
x 0 cos x (1 cos x ) x 0 cos x (1 cos x )(1 + cos x )
1 1
lim =
x 0 cos x (1 + cos x ) 2
Q.106 Find the points of maxima or minima values of the function y = x 3 18x 2 + 96 x .
(8)
Ans:
y = x 3 18 x 2 + 96 x
Differentiating both sides w.r.t x
dy
= 3 x 2 36 x + 96 --------------------------------- (1)
dx
dy
Put =0
dx
3 x 2 36 x + 96 = 0
x 2 12 x + 32 = 0
x 2 8 x 4 x + 32 = 0
( x 8)( x 4) = 0
x = 8, 4
Differentiating (1) w.r.t x both side
d2y
= 6 x 36
dx 2
d2y
At x = 4, = 6(4) 36 = 12 < 0
dx 2
x = 4 is a point of maxima and maximum value
y = (4) 3 18(4) 2 + 96(4)
= 64 18(16) + 384
= 64 -288 + 384 = 160
d2y
At x = 8, = 6 8 36 = 12 > 0
dx 2
Q x = 8 is a point of minima and minimum value
y = (8) 3 18(8) 2 + 96(8)
= 512 1152 + 768
= 1280 1152
= 128
76
sin 2 x
Q.107 Evaluate dx . (8)
a cos x + b sin 2 x
2
Ans:
sin 2 x
a cos 2
x + b sin 2 x
dx
Put a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x = t

Differentiating both side w.r.t x
dt
a 2 cos x( sin x) + b 2 sin x(cos x) =
dx
dt
(a sin 2 x) + (b sin 2 x) =
dx
dt
(b a ) sin 2 x =
dx
1
sin 2 xdx = dt
ba
1 1
ba t
= dt
1
= log | t | + c ..(1)
ba
1
log | a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x | + c ...(2)
ba
1
log(1 + x )
Q.108 Evaluate 1 + x 2
dx. (8)
0
Ans:
Put x = tan , dx = sec 2 d
x = 0, = 0

x = 1, = (1)
4

4
Let I = log(tan x + 1)dx
0

4
log(tan x + 1)dx
0
(1)
a a
Using property
0
f ( x)dx = f (a x)dx
0

4

I = log1 + tan x dx
0 4
77

1 tan x
4
= log1 + dx
0 1 + tan x

1 + tan x + 1 tan x
4
= log dx
0 1 + tan x

2
4
= log dx
0 1 + tan x

4
= [log 2 log(1 + tan x)]dx
0

4 4
= log 2dx log(1 + tan x)dx
0 0

4
= log 2 1dx 1
0

2 I = log 2.[ x]04

2I = log 2
4

I= log 2
8
x2 y2
Q.109 Find the area enclosed by the ellipse + = 1. (8)
a2 b2
Ans:
The equation of the curve is
x2 y2
+ =1
a 2 b2
y2 x2
2 = 1 2
b a
2
b
y2 = 2 a2 x2
a
( )
b
y= a2 x2
a
The curve is symmetrical about the axis
Area enclosed by the ellipses
= 4 (area enclosed by the ellipse and coordinate axes in first quadrant)
a
Required area = 4 ydx
0
78
a
b 2
= 4 a x 2 dx
0
a
a
4b x 2 a2 x
= a x 2
+ sin 1
a 2 2 a 0
a
4b a 2 1 x
=
4b 1
a 2
(
. x a2 x2 )a
0 + . sin
a 2 a 0

= 2ab
2
= ab sq units
Q.110 Solve x 2 dy + y(x + y )dx = 0 . (8)
Ans:
x 2 dy + ( xy + y 2 )dx = 0
x 2 dy = ( xy + y 2 )dx
dy xy + y 2
=
dx x2
Let y = vx (homogenous form)
Differentiating both side w.r.t x
dy dv
=v+ x
dx dx
dv xvx + v 2 x 2
v+ x =
dx x2
dv
v+x = ( v + v 2 )
dx
dv
x = 2v v 2
dx
1 1
2
dv = dx
v + 2v x
1 1
2
dv + dx = 0
v + 2v x
Integrating both side
v 2 + 2v dv + x dx = 0dx
1 1
v 2 + 2v + 1 1 dv + x dx = 0dx
1 1
1 v +11
log + log x = 2 log c (2)
2(1) v +1+1
79
y
log x + 2 log x = 2 log c
y
+2
x
y
log + log x 2 = 2 log c 2
y + 2x
yx 2
log = log c1
y + 2x
Taking antilog on both sides
yx 2
= c1
2x + y
yx 2 = c1 (2 x + y )
dy 1
Q.111 Solve + y = x3 3 . (8)
dx x
Ans:
dy
Comparing the above equation with + py = Q
dx
1
P= , Q = x3 3
x
1
dx
I.F = e = e x
Pdx
(1)
I.F = e log x = x (2)
Required solution
y ( I .F ) = Q.( I .F )dx + c
y.x = ( x 3 3)xdx + c
xy = ( x 4 3 x)dx + c
x 5 3x 2
xy = +c (3)
5 2
x 4 3x c
y= +
5 2 x
1
Q.112 If (x + i y ) 3 = a + i b where x, y, a, b R Show that
x y
(
+ = 4 a 2 b2 .
a b
) (7)
Ans:
1
We have ( x + iy ) 3 = a + ib
( ) ( )
x + iy = (a + ib ) = a 3 3ab 2 + i 3a 2 b b 3 x = a 3 3ab 2 , y = 3a 2 b b 3
3
x y
= a 2 3b 2 , = 3a 2 b 2
a b
80
x y
+ = a 2 3b 2 + 3a 2 b 2
a b
= 4a 2 4b 2 (
= 4 a2 b2 )
Q.113 Put the following in the form r (cos + i sin ) , where r is a positive real number and
<. (7)
Ans:
(1 + 7 i ) / (2 i )2
1 + 7i
Let r (cos + i sin ) =
(2 i) 2
1 + 7i 1 + 7i (1 + 7i )(3 + 4i ) 25 + 25i
= = = = = 1 + i
4 1 4i 3 4i 9 + 16 25
1 3
r cos = 1, r sin = 1 , r 2 = 2 r = 2 , sin = =
2 4
1 + 7i 3 3
2
= 2 cos + i sin
(2 i ) 4 4
Q.114 A two-digit number is four times the sum and three times the product of the digits. Find the
number. (7)
Ans:
Let the number is 10 x + y where x is tens digit and y is unit digit.
Given 10 x + y = 4( x + y ) (1)
and 10 x + y = 3 xy (2)
From (1),we get
6x = 3y y = 2x
Using this in (2), 10x + 2x = 3x(2x) or 12x = 6x2 or x2 -2x = 0 ,
x = 0, x = 2.
If x = 0, then y = 0 which is inadmissible. If x = 2 then y = 4, hence the required number is
10(2) +4=24
x y 5
Q.115 Solve the simultaneous equations: + = ; x + y = 10 . (7)
y x 2
Ans:
We have
x y 5
+ = .....................(1)
y x 2
x + y = 10 ..........................(2)
x+ y 5 10 5
(1) = = , using (2).
xy 2 xy 2
xy = 16
Thus, the given system of equations is
81
x + y = 10, xy = 16 y = 10 x and x (10- x) = 16
x2 10x + 16 = 0 x = 2, 8
If x = 2, y = 8. And if x= 8, y = 2.
Hence roots are x = 2, y = 8 and x = 8. y = 2
Q.116 The diagonal of a square lies along the line 8x 15 y = 0 and one vertex of the square is (1,
2). Find the equations of the sides of the square. (7)
Ans:
Let ABCD be a square such that the diagonal AC is 8x 15y = 0 and the vertex B is (1,2). We
have to find the sides passing through B clearly, sides BA and BC pass through B(1,2) and are
inclined at an angle of 45 o to the diagonal AC. So, the equations of BA and BC are
m tan 45 0
y2= ( x 1) where m is the slope of the line
1 m m tan 45 0
8 1 8 +1
8
8 x 15 y = 0 i, e m = y 2 = 15 ( x 1) or y 2 = 15 ( x 1)
15 1m 8 1 8
15 15
8 1
and y 2 = 15 ( x 1) 23 x 7 y 9 = 0 and 7 x + 23 y 53 = 0 ........(3)
1+ 8
15
D C
8x-15y=0
A B
135 72 795 424

Coordinates of A, C are , , ,
289 289 289 289
other two sides are parallel to the sides (3)
hence are 23x 7 y = c1 , 7 x + 23 y = c 2
These respectively pass through C and A. We can find c1 , c 2 by using this condition.
Q.117 Find the centroid and incentre of the triangle whose sides have the equations
3x 4y = 0, 12y + 5x = 0 and y 15 = 0 . (7)
Ans:
Let ABC be the triangle whose sides BC,CA and AB have the equations
y -15 = 0, 3x - 4y = 0, 5x +12y = 0 respectively. Solving these equations pair wise we can
obtain the coordinates of the vertices A,B,C as A(0,0), B(-36,15), C(20,15) respectively
82
A (0,0)
3x + 4 y = 0 5 x + 12 y = 0
(20,15) C B (36,15)
y = 15
Centroid:
The coordinates of centroid are
0 36 + 20 0 + 15 + 15 16
, = ,10
3 3 3
For Incentre:
We have
a =BC= ( 36 20)2 + (15 15)2 = 56
b=CA= 20 2 + 15 2 = 25
c=AB= ( 36 0 ) + (15 0 ) = 39
2 2
Coordinates of incentre are

56 0 + 25 36 + 39 20 56 0 + 25 15 + 39 15
, =(-1,8)
56 + 25 + 39 56 + 25 + 39
Q.118 (i) Find the equation of the circle which touches both the axes and whose radius is 5.
(ii) Find the coordinates of the centre and radius of the circle
2x 2 + 2 y 2 3x + 5y = 7 . (7)
Ans:
(i) The equation of circles which touch both the axes are
( x a) 2 + ( y a ) = a 2
2
and ( x a ) 2 + ( y m a ) = a 2
2
Here h = k = a and radius equals 5, Therefore circles are

( x 5) 2 + ( y 5) = 25 and ( x 5) 2 + ( y m 5) 2 = 25
2
x 2 + y 2 10 x 10 y + 25 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 10 x m 10 y + 25 = 0
(ii) In the given equation the coefficients of x 2 and y 2 one not unity.
We have to re-write the equation to make the coefficients of x 2 and y 2 unity. We
have 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 3 x + 5 y = 7
3 5 7
x2 + y2 x + y =
2 2 2
83
2 2
3 5 3 5 7
The coordinates of centre are , and radius= + +
4 4 4 4 2
9 25 7 3
= + + = 10
16 16 2 4
Q.119 Find the equation of a circle passing through the points (1, 2) and (3, 0) and cutting an
intercept 4 on the x-axis. (7)
Ans:
Let the equation of the circle be
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 (1)
Since it passes though the points
(1,2)and (3,0)
1+4+2g+4f+c=0
2 g +4 f + c = -5 (2)
and 9+6g+c=0 6g+c=-9 (3)
Also the length of x-intercept is 4
2 g2 - c = 4
g2 c = 4 (4)
From (3) and(4)
g 2 ( 9 6 g ) = 4
g 2 + 6g + 5 = 0
(g + 5)(g + 1) = 0 g = -1, -5
From (3),if g = -1, c = -3
if g = -5, c = 21
Also from (2) if g = -1, c = 3 then f = 0
and If g = 5, c = 21 then f = -4
Equations are x 2 + y 2 2 x 3 = 0, x 2 + y 2 10 x 8 y + 21 = 0
Q.120 Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is (3, 0) and the directrix is 3x +4y = 1.
(7)
Ans:
Let P ( x, y ) be any point on the parabola whose focus is S (3,0) and the directrix 3 x + 4 y = 1
Draw PM perpendicular to 3 x + 4 y = 1 . Then, by definition for parabola
SP=PM SP 2 = PM 2
Z
M P(x,y)
3x+4y=1 S(3,0)
Z 84
2
3x + 4 y 1
( x 3) + y =
2 2
2 2
3 + 4
2 2 (3 x + 4 y 1) 2
or x 6 x + 9 + y =
25
2 2
or 16 x + 9 y 24 xy 144 x + 8 y + 224 = 0 is the required equation of parabola.
Q.121 Find the equation of an ellipse whose foci are at ( 3, 0) and which passes through (4, 1).
(7)
Ans:
Let the equation of ellipse be
x2 y2
+ = 1 . The coordinates of foci are
a2 b2
3 2 2
( 2
) 9
( a e,o) ae = 3 e = . But b = a 1 e b 2 = a 2 1 2 .............(1)
a a
Also the ellipse passes though (4,1)
16 1 1 16 a 2 16 a2
2 + 2 = 1 2 = 1 2 = or b 2
= . Substituting in (1)
a b b a a2 a 2 16
9 a2
a 2 1 2 = 2
a a 16
a2
or a 2 9 = 2
a 16
( )
or a 9 (a 2 16) a 2 = 0
2
or a 4 26a 2 + 144 = 0
( )(
or a 2 18 a 2 8 = 0 )
2 2
a = 18, a = 8
18
If a 2 = 18, b 2 = =9
18 16
18
If a 2 = 8, b 2 = = 1 (not possible) a 2 = 18, b 2 = 9
8 16
x2 y2
Equation of ellipse is + =1
18 9
dy 1 y2
Q.122 If y 1 x 2 + x 1 y 2 = 1 , prove that = . (7)
dx 1 x 2
Ans:
Given
y 1 x2 + x 1 y2 = 1
Diff. w.r to x
85
dy
1 x2 + y
( 2 x ) + 1 y 2 + x ( 2 y ) dy = 0
dx 2 1 x2 2 1 y 2 dx
dy xy xy
1 x2 + 1 y2 =0
dx 1 y2 1 x2

2 2 2 2
or dy 1 x 1 y xy = xy 1 x 1 y
dx 1 y 2 2
1 x

2
or dy = 1 y
2
dx 1 x
Q.123 (i) A man 2 metres high walks at a uniform speed of 6 metres per minute
away from a lamp post, 5 metres high. Find the rate at which the length of his shadow
increases.
(ii) Use differentials to find the approximate value of 0.037 . (7)
Ans:
(i) Let AB be the lamp-post. Let at any time t, the man CD be at a distance x meters from
the lamp-post and y meters be the length of his shadow CE.
dx
Then = 6 meters / minute (given)
dt
Now, triangle ABE and CDE are similar, therefore
AB AE 5 x+ y
= = 3 y = 2x
CD CE 2 y
x y
A C E
dy dx dy dy
3 =2 3 = 12 =4
dt dt dt dt
Thus, the shadow increases at the rate of 4 meters/minute.
(ii) Let y = f (x) = x
x = 0.040 and x + x = 0.037
then x = -0.003.
For x = .040, y = .2
Let dx = x = -0.003
dy 1
Now, y = x =
dx 2 x
dy 1 dy 1 3
= . By using dy = dx we get dy = ( 0.003) =
dx x = 0.040 0.4 dx .4 400
86
3
Now, y is the approximately equal to dy, so y = .
400
Hence 0.037 = 0.2 + y = 0.1925
Q.124 A square piece of tin of side 24 cm is to be made into a box without top by cutting a square
from each corner and folding up the flaps to form a box. What should be the side of the
square to be cut off so that the volume of the box is maximum. (7)
Ans:
x 24-2x
Let x cm be the length of a side of the square which is cut-off from each corner of the plate.
Then sides of the box as shown in fig. above are 24 - 2x, 24 - 2x and x.
Let V be the volume of the box .Then
V = (24 2 x ) x
2
= 4 x 3 96 x 2 + 576 x
dV
= 12 x 2 192 x + 576
dx
d 2V
= 24 x 192
dx 2
For maximum or minimum V,
dV
= 0 12 x 2 192 x + 576 = 0 x = 4,12
dx
But x = 12 is not possible , thus x = 4
d 2V
Now, 2 = 24 4 192 = 96 192
dx x = 4
= - 96 <0
Thus, V is maximum
when x = 4
Hence, the volume of the box is maximum when the side of the square cut off is 4 cm.
Q.125 Evaluate the following integrals

1 x 1
(i) 1+ x
dx (ii)
1 + sin x
dx . (7)
87
Ans:
(i) 1 x (1 x )2 dx 1 x dx x
1 + x dx = 2
= dx = dx
1 x 1 x2 1 x2 1 x2
= sin 1 x I + C --------------------(1)
x
I = dx
1 x2
Let 1 x 2 = z 2 2 xdx = 2 zdz
zdz
I= z
= dz = z = 1 x 2
From (1)
1 x
1 + x dx = sin x + 1 x + C
1 2
(ii) 1 1 sin x
1 + sin x dx = 1 sin 2 x dx
1 sin x
= 2
dx = sec 2 xdx sec x tan xdx = tan x sec x +c
cos x
Q.126 Draw the rough sketch of area enclosed by curves y 2 + 1 = x, and x = 2. Also find this
area. (7)
Ans:
The point of intersections of
y 2 = x 1, and x = 2 are (2,1) and (2,-1).
Required area is shaded area in the figure
1
1 1 1
y3
= ( x 2 x1 )dy = ( y + 1 2 )dy = ( y 1)dy =
2 2
y
1 1 1 3 1
1 1 4
= 1+ 1 =
2
2 =
4 . Area= Sq units
3 3 3 3 3
4
Q.127 Using integration, show that the volume of a sphere of radius a is a3 . (7)
3
Ans:
The sphere is generated by the revolution of a semi circular area about its bounding diameter.
The equation of the generating circle of radius a with centre at origin is x 2 + y 2 = a 2
88
Let A A be the bounding diameter about which the semi-circle revolves
The required volume of the sphere
a
= 2 y 2 dx
0
a
a
x3 a3 4
(
= 2 a x dx 2 2
) = 2 a 2 x
3 0
= 2 a 3
3
= a 3
3
0
Q.128 Solve the following differential equations

dy dy
(i) = e x y + x 2e y . (ii) cos 2 x + y = tan x
dx dx
d2y dy
(iii) 5 + 6 y = e 4x . (14)
2 dx
dx
Ans:
(i) dy
= e x .e y + x 2 e y
dx
Separating the variables
dy
ey
= (e x + x 2 )dx or e y dy = e x + x 2 dx , ( )
On integration, we have
y x x3
e =e + + c , c arbitrary, as the general solution.
3
(ii) dy dy
cos 2 x + y = tan x + sec 2 x y = sec 2 x tan x
dx dx
This is linear differential equation
2
I.F = e sec xdx = e tan x
Solution is
y e tan x = e tan x . sec 2 x tan xdx +C
Let tan x = t, then sec 2 x dx = dt and integral on r.h.s. becomes
e tdt = te 1 e dt = te e s = tan x e e
t t t t t tan x tan x
Solution is y e tan x = e tan x (tan x 1) + C

or y = (tan x 1) + Ce tan x
(iii) d2y dy
2
5 + 6 y = e 4 x ------------(1)
dx dx
Let y = e mx is the solution of (1), then auxiliary equation is
m 2 5m + 6 = 0 m = 2, 3
C F = c1e 2 x + c 2 e 3 x
1 1 1
PI = 2 e4x = e4x = e4x
D 5D + 6 16 20 + 6 2
The general solution of differential equation is
1
y = CF + PI = c1e 2 x + c 2 e 3 x + e 4 x . Where c1 , c 2 arbitrary
2
89
Q.129 (i) Find a unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors i 2 j + 3k and i + 2 j k .
(ii) If a and b are unit vectors inclined at an angle , then prove that
1
sin = a b
2 2
(iii) Find the moment of the couple formed by the forces 5i + k and 5i k acting at the
points (9, 1, 2) and (3, 2, 1) respectively. (14)
Ans:
(i) Let the unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors is C = ai + bj + ck
Let A = i 2 j + 3k , B = i + 2 j k
A and C are perpendicular to each other
A C = 0 (i 2 j + 3k ) (ai + bj + ck ) = 0
a 2b + 3c = 0 ------------------(1)
Also B and C are perpendicular
B C = 0 (i + 2 j k ) (ai + bj + ck ) = 0
a + 2b c = 0 -------------------(2)
from (1) and (2)
a b c
= =
2 6 3 +1 2 + 2
a b c
= = = ( say )
4 4 4
a = 4 , b = 4 , c = 4 C = ( 4 )i + 4j + 4k
C = ( 4 )2 + (4 )2 + (4 )2 = 162 + 162 + 162 = 4 3
unit normal vector
C 4 i + 4 j + 4 k i+ j +k
= = =
C 4 3 3
(ii) a b = 1 1 cos = cos
2
Now a b = a b( )
2
()
2
= (a ) + b 2a b = 1 + 1 2 cos
2

= 2 21 2 sin 2 = 4 sin 2
2 2
2 1
4 sin 2 = a b 2 sin = a b sin = a b
2 2 2 2
(iii) M = r1 f1 + r2 f 2
Here r1 = 9i j + 2k , r2 = 3i 2 j + k
f1 = 5i + k , f 2 = 5i k
Now
90
i j k
r1 f 1 = 9 1 2 = i+ j+5k
5 0 1
i j k
r2 f 2 = 3 2 1 =2i 2 j 10k
5 0 -1
M = i j 5k .
Q.130 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of

15
2
3x 2 (7)
x
Ans:
15
2
Given 3 x 2 . Let (r+1)th term be independent of x.
x
r
2
Now Tr +1 = 15 Cr (3 x ) 2 = 15 Cr 315 r ( 2 ) x 153r
15 r r
x
For this term be independent of x, we must have
15-3r = 0 r = 5 , So, 6th term is independent of x.
T6 = 15 C5 310 ( 2 )
5
= 15 C5 310 2 5
Q.131 If A + B + C = prove that

A B C A B C
sin 2 + sin 2 sin 2 = 1 2 cos cos sin (7)
2 2 2 2 2 2
Ans:
Given A + B + C =
A B C A B+C BC
sin 2 + sin 2 sin 2 = sin 2 + sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A A B C 2 A A B C
= sin 2 + sin cos = sin + cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A A BC A A B C
= 1 cos 2 + cos sin = 1 cos cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B + C B C A B+C B C
= 1 cos cos sin = 1 cos sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C B C B C B C
= 1 cos sin cos + cos sin sin cos + cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C
= 1 cos 2 cos sin = 1 2 cos cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
91
Q.132 If x = a + b, y = a + b z = a + b where , are complex cube roots of unity show that
xyz = a 3 + b3 . (7)
Ans:
Given x = a + b, y = a + b
and z = a + b
Let = w, = w2
x = a + b, y = aw + bw 2
z = aw 2 + bw
Now xyz = (a + b)(aw + bw 2 )(aw 2 + bw)
[
= (a + b) a 2 w3 + b 2 w3 + abw 2 + abw 4 ]
= (a + b )[a 2 2
+ b + ab w + w ( 2
)]
= (a + b )(a 2
+b 2
ab )
3 3
= a +b
Q.133 If the roots of the equation (c 2

) ( ) ( )
ab x 2 2 a 2 bc x + b 2 ac = 0 be equal prove that
either a = 0 or a 3 + b 3 + c3 = 3abc . (7)
Ans:
Given that the roots of
( ) ( ) (
c 2 ab x 2 2 a 2 bc x + b 2 ac = 0 are equal. )
The discriminant of the equation is zero
( ) 2
(
4 a 2 bc 4 c 2 ab b 2 ac = 0 )( )
or (a + b c
4 2 2
2a bc ) (b c ab
2 2 2 3
)
ac 3 + a 2bc = 0 a 4 + ab 3 + ac 3 3a 2bc = 0
a[a + b + c
3 3 3
3abc] = 0 either a = 0 or a 3 + b3 + c 3 = 3abc
Q.134 Find the derivative of sin x 2 from the first principles. (7)
Ans:
let f ( x ) = sin x 2 . Then
d f (x + h) f (x )
f ( x ) = lim
h 0
dx h
sin ( x + h ) sin x 2
2
= lim
h 0
h
2hx + h 2 2 x 2 + 2hx + h 2
2 sin cos
2 2
= lim
h 0
h
92
2hx + h 2 2hx + h 2
2 sin sin
2 x + h cos 2 x + 2hx + h =
2 2
lim 2 lim 2 lim (2x + h)
h 0 h 0 h 0
2x + h 2 2 2x + h 2
h h
2 2
2 x 2 + 2hx + h 2
h0 cos
lim
= 1 2 x cos x 2 = 2 x cos x 2
2
Q.135 Take A semicircle with a rectangle on its diameter as shown in the figure below. If the
perimeter of the figure is 20 feet, find its dimension in order that its area may be maximum.
(7)
Ans:
Let ABCD consists of a rectangle and let the semi-circle be described on side AB as diameter.
Let AB=2x and AC = 2y. Let P be the perimeter and A be the area of fig. then
P = 2 x + 4 y + x ------------------(1)
x 2
A = (2 x)(2 y ) + ------------------(2)
2
x 2 x 2 x 2
A = 4 xy + = x[20 2 x x ] + [Given P = 20] = 20 x 2 x x +
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
dAx d A
= 20 x 2 x 2 = 20 4 x x , 2 = 4
,
2 dx dx
dA 20
For maxima or minima, = 0 , Thus 20 (4 + ) x = 0 x =
dx 4+
d2A
Also = 4 < 0 for all values of x. Thus, A is maximum when
dx 2
20 20 20
x= . From(1), 20 = 2 + 4y +
4+ 4+ 4+
93
20 20(2 + )
= (2 + ) + 4 y 4 y = 20
4+ 4+
20(4 + ) 20(2 + ) 80 + 20 40 20
= =
4+ 4+
40 10
4y = y= . So, dimensions of rectangle are
4+ 4+
40 20 20
2x = , 2y = and semicircle top has radius
4+ 4+ 4 +
Q.136 Evaluate Lt
x

(x 2 + x + 1) x . (6)
Ans:
lim
x [x 2
+ x +1 x ] = lim
x

( )
x 2 + x + 1 x 2 lim x 2 + x + 1 x 2
2
= x
x 2 + x + 1 + x 2
x + x +1 + x

x +1
= lim
x
2
x + x +1 + x
1
+1
Divide by x = lim x = 1
=
1
=
1
Ans.
x
1 1 1+ 0 + 0 +1 1+1 2
1 + + +1
x x2
Q.137 The rectangular co-ordinates of a point on the curve are

3 3
x = 3cos cos , y = 3sin sin . Find the equation of the normal at any point on the
curve and show that at the point with = , the normal passes through the origin.
4
(8)
Ans:
Here x = 3 cos cos 3 , y = 3 sin sin 3
dy
dy
= d =
3 cos 3 sin 2 cos
=
3 cos 1 sin 2 ( )
dx dx
d
3 sin + 3 cos 2 sin 3 sin 1 cos 2 ( )
cos 3
= Equation of normal is
sin 3
3
y y1 =
dx
(x x1 ) , y 3 sin + sin 3 = sin 3 x 3 cos + cos 3
( )
dy cos
3 1 3 1
At = , y + = x +
4 2 2 2 2 2 2
94
y = x The equation of normal passes through origin,
Q.138 Show that the curves y 2 = 4ax and ay 2 = 4 x 3 intersect each other at point (a, 2 a) at an
1
angle tan 1 . (7)
2
Ans:
Solving for (x,y)
y 2 = 4ax, ay 2 = 4 x 3
a (4ax ) = 4 x 3 , 4a 2 x = 4 x 3 , x = a y = 2a and x = 0, y = 0
A point of intersection is (a,2a)
m m1
Now, = tan 1 2
1 + m1 m2
4a 12 x 2 12a 2
Here slopes at point (a,2a ) are m1 = = 1 and m2 = = =3
2y 2ay 4a 2
3 1 1 2 1 1
= tan 1 = tan = tan
1 + 3
4 2
2
1 2x 1 1 x
Q.139 Differentiate sin with respect to cos . (7)
1+ x 2 1+ x 2
Ans:
2
2x 1 1 x
Let u = sin 1 , = cos
1 + x2 1+ x2
du
Let x = tan , u = 2 = 2 tan 1 x , = 2 tan 1 x u = v =1
dv
Q.140 Prove that the straight line joining the mid-points of two non-parallel sides of a trapezium is
parallel to the parallel sides. (7)
Ans:
Let ABCD be the given trapezium. Let the position vectors of A,B,C and D with reference to
some origin O be a, b, c and d respectively.
Let P and Q be the mid-points of AD and BC respectively. Then, the position vectors of P and
Q are
a+d b+c
and respectively we have , AB = b - a and DC = c d
2 2
Since DC is parallel to AB , Therefore there exists a scalar
95
such that
DC = AB cd = ba ( ) -------------(1)
Now PQ = position vector of Q-position vector of P
b+c a + d 1
=
2
-
2 =2 ba + cd [( ) ( )] =
1
2
[( ) (
ba + ba )]

1
= ( + 1) b a = 1 ( + 1)AB ----------------(2)
( )
2 2
This shows that PQ is parallel, to AB. But, AB is parallel to CD,
Therefore PQ is parallel to CD
Q.141 Find a unit vector that is perpendicular to both the vectors

a = 4i + 3j+ k
(7)

b = 2i j + 2k
Ans:
a = 4i+3j+k.
b = 2i-j+2k
i j k
a b = 4 3 1 =i [6 + 1] j [8 2] + k [ 4 6] =7i-6j-10k
2 1 2
a b = 49 + 36 + 100 = 185
ab 7i 6 j 2 k
n = =
ab 185
Q.142 Find the square root of 12-6i. (7)
Ans:
Let z be the square root of 12-6i
then z 2 = 12 6i, z = x + iy or x 2 y 2 + 2ixy = 12 6i
x 2 y 2 = 12, xy = 3 x2 = 6 + 3 5 x = 6 + 3 5
3
y=
6+3 5
Q.143 Evaluate the integral
96
3x + 1
dx (7)
(x 2)2 (x + 2)
Ans:
3x + 1
(x 2) (x + 2) dx 2
3x + 1 A B C
= + +
(x 2) (x + 2) 2
x 2 (x 2) 2
x+2
7
3 x + 1 = A( x 2 )( x + 2 ) + B ( x + 2 ) + C ( x 2 ) Putting x = 2 we get B=
2
4
5
Putting x = 2 we get C=
16
Comparing coefficients of x 2 on both sides of the identity. we get
5 3x + 1 5 1 7 1 5
A+C=0 A = = +
16 (x 2) (x + 2) 16 x 2 4 (x 2) 16(x + 2 )
2 2
3x + 1 5 1 7 dx 5 dx
dx = dx +
(x 2) (x + 2 )
2
16 x 2 4 (x 2) 2
16 x + 2
5 7 5
= log ( x 2 ) - log( x + 2 ) + c
16 4( x 2 ) 16
Q.144 Evaluate the definite integral

x sin x
2
dx (6)
0 1 + cos x
Ans:
Let

x sin x
I= 2
dx --------------(1)
0 1 + cos x

( x )sin ( x ) dx
I= 0 1 + cos ( x )
2
=

( x )sin x dx -------------(2)
0 1 + cos 2 x
Adding 1 and 2, we get
2I=

( x + x )sin x dx = sin x dx
0 1 + cos 2 x 1 + cos 2 x
0
97

sin x
2 1 + cos
I= 2
dx
0 x
Let cos x = t , sin xdx = dt

When x = 0, t = 1
x = , t = 1
1
dt 2
I=
2 +11 + t 2
=
2
tan 1 t ( )
1
+1 =
2
[ ]
tan1 ( 1) tan1 (1) =
2 4 4
=
4
2 8a 3
Q.145 Find the area bounded by the parabola x = 4ay and the curve y = , where a > 0.
x 2 + 4a 2
(8)
Ans:
8a 3
The curve y = is symmetrical about y-axis. Equating to zero the coefficient of the
x 2 + 4a 2
highest power of x in the given equation, we find that y=0 i.e x-axis is an asymptote of the
curve. Also this curve cuts the
8a 2
y-axis at (0, 2a). Solving the two given equations x 2 = 4ay and y = we get their
x 2 + 4a 2
points of intersection as ( 2a, a )
Now the required area OBACO

= 2 area OAC (By symmetry) = 2 [area OACE area OCE]
2 a 8a 3 2a 2
x 2a
dx 1
2a
= 2 2
3
2
dx dx = 16 a 2 2
x 2 dx
0 x + 4a 0
4a 0
x + 4 a 2 a 0
2a 2a
1 1 x
3 1 x3 2 1 8a 3
= 16a tan = 8 a
2a 2a 0 2a 3 0 4 2a 3
4a 2 4 2
2
= 2a = 2 a
3 3
98
xdy ydx = x 2 + y 2 dx. . (7)
Ans:
Given
xdy ydx = x 2 + y 2 dx
dy x2 + y2 + y
=
dx x
It is homogeneous differential equation
dy dv
Putting y= vx =v+x
dx dx
dv x 2 + v 2 x 2 + vx
v+x =
dx x
dv
v+x = 1 + v2 + v
dx
dv
x = 1+ v2
dx
dv dx
=
1 + v2 x
Integrating both sides, we get
dv dx
1+ v 2
=
x
[ ]
log v + 1 + v 2 = log x + log c
y y2
or v + 1 + v 2 = cx or + 1 + 2 = cx or y + x 2 + y 2 = cx 2
x x
dy x 2 + 1 + x 2 1
Q.147 Find , where y = . (7)
dx x 2 + 1 x 2 1
Ans:
We have
y=
x2 + 1 + x2 1
=
[ x +1 +
2
][ x + 1 +
x2 1 2
]
x2 1
x2 + 1 x2 1 [ x +1
2
x 1][ x + 1 +
2 2
x 1]
2
99
=
(x 2
) ( )
+1 + x2 1 + 2 x2 +1 x2 1 ( )( ) =
2x 2 + 2 x 4 1
x2 +1 x2 +1 2
y = x2 + x4 1
dy 4 x3 2x 3
= 2x + = 2x +
dx 2 x4 1 x4 1

(x y ) dy = x + 3y (7)
dx
Ans:
dy x + 3 y
= ------------(1)
dx x y
Homogeneous differential equation
Let y = vx
dy dv
=v+x
dx dx
(1)becomes
dv x + 3vx 1 + 3v
v+x = =
dx x vx 1 v
dv 1 + 3v 1 + 3v v + v 2 1 + 2v + v 2
x = v = =
dx 1 v 1 v 1 v
1 v dx
2
dv =
v + 2v + 1 x
on integration
1 v dx
v 2
+ 2v + 1
dv =
x
1 v dx
(1 + v) 2
dv =
x
Let
v + 1 = t v = t 1 , dv = dt
1 t +1 dx
t 2
dt =
x
100
dt 1 dx
2 2
dt =
t t x
2
log t = log cx
t
2 2
log tcx = log cx(v + 1) =
t v +1
2x
log c( y + x ) =
y+x
Q.149 Two stones are thrown up from the ground simultaneously. The equation of motion for the first
stone is s= 19.6 t 4.9 t2 and for the second stone it is s = 9.8 t 4.9 t2 . What is the height of
the second stone from the ground, when the height of the first stone is maximum.
(7)
Ans:
ds ds
= 19.6 9.8t , =0
dt dt
19.6 9.8t = 0
or t = 2 sec .
d 2s
Since = 9.8 < 0
dt 2
S is maximum when t = 2sec.
Then after 2 sec. the height of the second stone from the ground is
S = 9.8 2 4.9 4 = 19.6 19.6 = 0
and the maximum height of the first stone is
S = 19.6 2 4.9 4 = 39.2 19.6 = 19.6
Q.150 Find real values of x and y if 3 + i x 2 y and x 2 + y + 4i are complex conjugate to each
other. (7)
Ans:
Since 3 + ix 2 y and x 2 + y + 4i
are complex conjugates, therefore 3 + ix 2 y = x 2 + y + 4i
101
3 + ix 2 y = x 2 + y 4i x 2 + y = 3 K (i )
4
and x 2 y = 4 KK (ii ) 3 = x 2
x2
x 4 + 3x 2 4 = 0 ( )(
x2 + 4 x2 1 = 0 )
x2 1 = 0 x = 1
From(ii ), y = 4, when x = 1
Hence x = 1, y = 4 and x = 1, y = 4
Q.151 Evaluate 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + ........ . (7)
Ans:
Let
x = 2 + 2 + 2 + ............... x = 2+ x
x = 2+ x
2
x x2=0
2
x 2x + x 2 = 0
2
( x 2 )( x + 1) = 0
x = 1 or x=2
But the given expression is positive hence x = 2
Q.152 Show that the coefficient of x n in the expansion of (1 + x )2 n is double the coefficient of
x n in the expansion of (1 + x )2n 1 . (7)
Ans:
Let A and B be the coefficients of x n in the binomial expansions of (1 + x ) and (1 + x )
2n 2 n 1
respectively, Then
2n! 2n.(2n 1)! 2.(2n 1)!
A = 2nc n = = =
n!n! n(n 1)!n! (n 1)!n!
(2n 1)! 1
B = 2n 1c n = = A A = 2B
(n 1)!n! 2
Q.153 Resolve into partial fractions

(x a )(x b ) , assuming a, b, c and d are distinct. (7)
(x c )(x d )
Ans:
(x a )(x b ) = x 2 (a + b )x + ab = 1 + (c + d a b )x + (ab cd )
(x c )(x d ) x 2 (c + d )x + cd (x c )(x d )
(a c)(c b ) 1 (a d )(b d ) . 1
= 1+ . +
d c xc d c xd
Q.154 Find the general solution of the equation sin = sin . (7)
102
Ans:
sin sin = 0
+
2 sin cos =0
2 2
+
sin =0 Or cos =0
2 2
+
= m Or = (2m + 1) mZ
2 2 2
= 2m + or = (2m + 1) mZ
= (any even multiple of ) +
or = (any odd multiple of ) -
= n + ( 1) , n Z
n
Q.155 If A, B and C are the angles of a triangle, show that

A B B C C A
tan tan + tan tan + tan tan = 1 . (7)
2 2 2 2 2 2
Ans:
A B B C C A
tan tan + tan tan + tan tan
2 2 2 2 2 2
B Sin 2 Sin 2
A C
= tan + + tan C tan A
2 Cos A Cos C 2 2
2 2
A+C
Sin
B 2
= tan + tan C tan A
2 Cos A Cos C 2 2
2 2

Sin B Cos B Sin C Sin A
= 2 2 + 2 2
Cos B Cos A Cos C Cos C Cos A
2 2 2 2 2
Sin B + Sin C Sin A

= 2 2 2
Cos A Cos C
2 2
A+C
Sin + Sin C 2 Sin A 2
2 2
=
Cos A Cos C
2 2
A+C
Cos + Sin C 2 Sin A 2
= 2
Cos A Cos C
2 2
103
Cos A Cos C Sin A Sin C + Sin A Sin C

= 2 2 2 2 2 2 =1
Cos A Cos C
2 2
Q.156 Find the area of a triangle whose angular points are (K + 1, 1) , (2K + 1, 3) and (2K + 2, 2K ) .
Find for what value of K, these points will be collinear. (7)
Ans:
Here
x1 = k + 1, y1 = 1 , x2 = 2k + 1, y 2 = 3 , x3 = 2k + 2, y3 = 2k
Area of Triangle
1
= [{x1 ( y 2 y 3 ) + x 2 ( y 3 y1 ) + x3 ( y1 y 2 )}]
2
1
= [(k + 1)(3 2k ) + (2k + 1)(2k 1) + (2k + 2 )(1 3)]
2
1 1
[ ] [
= 3k + 3 2k 2 2k + 4k 2 1 4k 4 = 2k 2 3k 2
2 2
]
Three points are collinear if Area of Triangle is zero.

1
2k 2 3k 2 = 0 (2k + 1)(k 2) = 0 k = or k =2
2
Q.157 If p is the length of perpendicular from the origin on a straight line whose intercepts on the
1 1 1
axes of x and y are a and b respectively, show that = + . (7)
p2 a 2 b2
Ans:
The given line is
x y
+ = 1 bx + ay ab = 0 K (1)
a b
P = length of perpendicular from the origin to (1)
| b(0) + a (0) ab | ab
= =
b2 + a2 b2 + a 2
a 2b 2 1 b2 + a2 1 1 1
2
P = = = +
b2 + a2 P2 a 2b 2 P2 a2 b2
Q.158 Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points ( 1, 2) and (3, - 2) and has
its centre on the line x = 2y. (7)
Ans:
Let the equation of the required circles be
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0L (1)
It passes through (-1,2) and (3,-2)
104
5-2g+4f+c=0........................(2)
13+6g-4f+c=0......................(3)
The centre (-g, -f) of (i) lies on x=2y
g = 2 f or g = 2 f .................... (4)
Solving (2), (3) and (4), we get
g = 2, f = 1, c = 5
From (1), equation is x 2 + y 2 4 x 2 y 5 = 0
Q.159 Find the vertex, the axis, the focus and latus rectum of the parabola y 2 = 4 y + 4 x .
(7)
Ans:
The given equation is y 2 = 4 x + 4 y
( y 2) 2 = 4( x + 1) ..........(i )
Shifting the origin to the point (-1,2) without rotating the axes and denoting the coordinates
with respect to new axes by X and Y, we have
X = x + 1, Y = y 2 .............(ii)
Using these relations in equation (i) it reduces to
Y 2 = 4 X ......................................(iii)
Here 4a = 4 a = 1
Vertex: The coordinates of vertex with new axes are X=0, Y=0
so, coordinates of the vertex with respect to old axes are (-1,2)
Focus: The coordinates of the focus w.r. to new axes are
X=1, Y=0
So, Coordinates of the focus w.r. to old axes are (0,2)
Axis: Equation of the axis of the parabola w.r. to new axes is Y=0
So, equation of axis w.r. to old axes is y=2
Latus rectum:
The length of latus rectum =4

Q.160 If A = i + 2 j + 3k , B = i + 2 j + k and C = 3i + j, find such that A + B is

perpendicular to C . (7)
Ans:

Given A = i + 2 j + 3k and B = i + 2 j + k

A+ B = (1 )i + (2 + 2 ) j + (3 + )k

Because A+ B and C are perpendicular A+ B . C = 0

(1 )3 + (2 + 2 ).1 = 0 3 3 + 2 + 2 = 0 5 = 0 = 5

Q.161 Find a unit vector normal to the plane of the vectors A = 3 i 2 j + 4k and B = i + j 2k .
(7)
105
Ans:

Given A = 3i 2 j + 4k and B = i + j 2k , Unit normal vector

A B
n=
| A B |
i j k

A B = 3 2 4 = i[4 4] j[ 6 4] + k [3 + 2] = 10 j + 5k
1 1 2

A B = 100 + 25 = 125
10 j + 5k 2j+k
n= =
125 5
2
1 1 + x + 1 x2 dy x
Q.162 If y = tan . Show that = . (7)
1 + x2 1 x2 dx 1 x4
Ans:
Given
1+ x2 + 1 x2
y = tan 1
1 + x 2 1 x 2
Putting x 2 = cos 2
1 + cos 2 + 1 cos 2 2 cos 2 + 2 sin 2
y = tan 1 = tan
1

1 + cos 2 1 cos 2 2 cos 2 2 sin 2
cos + sin 1 + tan
= tan 1 = tan 1 = tan 1 tan +
cos sin 1 tan 4
1
= + = + cos 1 x 2
4 4 2
1 dy x
y = + cos 1 x 2 =
4 2 dx 1 x4
n n
x y
Q.163 Show that for all values of n, the curve + = 2 touches the straight line
a b
x y
+ = 2 at the point (a , b ) . (7)
a b
Ans:
n n
x y
+ = 2
a b
Differentiate both sides
106
n 1 n 1
x 1 y 1 dy dy b
n . + n . =0 =
a a b b dx dx ( a ,b ) a
Equation of tangent at (a, b)
b x y
y - b = ( x a ) bx + ay = 2ab. + = 2
a a b
Q.164 Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x ) = (x 1)(x 2 )(x 3) . (7)
Ans:
df ( x)
f ( x) = x 3 6 x 2 + 11x 6 = 3 x 2 12 x + 11
dx
For maxima and minima
df ( x) 12 144 132 12 12
= 0 3 x 2 12 x + 11 = 0 x = =
dx 6 6
12 2 3 6 3
= . x=
6 3
2
d f ( x) 6+ 3
Again 2
= 6 x 12 At x =
dx 3
d 2 f ( x) 6 + 3
2
= 6 12 = 12 + 2 3 12 = 2 3 > 0
dx 3
6+ 3 2 3
At x = , f ( x) is minima and minimum value is f ( x) =
3 9
6 3
At x =
3
2
d f ( x) 6 3
= 6 12 = 12 2 3 12 = 2 3 < 0
dx 2 3
6 3 2 3
At x = , f(x) is maximum and maximum value is f ( x) =
3 9
Q.165 Integrate the following:

dx
(i) .
x +1 x
x 2 tan 1 x
(ii) 1 + x2
dx . (3 + 4)
107
Ans:
(i) dx x +1 + x
Given x +1 x

( x + 1) x
dx = x + 1dx + x dx
3
2( x + 1) 2 2 3 2
= + x +c
3 3
(ii) Given
x 2 tan 1 x
1 + x 2 dx
1
Let = tan 1 x x = tan , d = dx
1+ x2
= tan 2 . d = (sec 2 1) d = sec 2 d d
2 2
= . tan 1. tan d = tan tan d
2 2
2
1 1
= tan log | cos | = x tan 1 x log | 1 + x 2 | (tan 1 x) 2 + c
2 2 2
Q.166 Find the area enclosed by the parabolas y 2 = 4 ax and x 2 = 4 ay . (7)
Ans:
The equations of the given curves are

y 2 = 4ax .....................(i) , x 2 = 4ay........................(ii )
The points of intersection of (i) and (ii) are x = 0, y = 0 and x = 4 a, y = 4a
So, the two curves intersect at (0,0) and (4a,4a)
The region whose area we have to find is the shaded region. Here we slice this region into vertical strips.
We observe that all vertical strips have lower end on the parabola x 2 = 4ay and the upper end on the
parabola y 2 = 4ax , For the approximating rectangle shown in fig, we have width x,Length y 2 y1
and the area = ( y 2 y1 )x
Since the approximating rectangle can move between x = 0 and x =4a,
4a 4a
x2
Thus required area = ( y 2 y1 )dx = (2 ax )dx
0 0
4a
4a
4 a 32 x 3 16a 2
= x = sq. units.
3 12a 0 3
108
x2 y2
Q.167 Find the volume of the solid of revolution obtained by revolving the ellipse + =1
a2 b2
about its major axis. (7)
Ans:
a a
x2
Volume of solid = 2 y 2 dx = 2b 2 1 2 dx
0 0 a
a
2b 2
a
2b 2 2 x3
= 2 (a 2 x 2 )dx = 2 a x
a 0 a 3 0
2b 2 3 a 3 2b 2 2a 3 4
= 2 a = 2 . = ab 2
a 3 a 3 3
Q.168 Solve the following equations :-

(i) x cos 2 y dx = y cos 2 x dy .
(ii) sec x dy + (y sin x ) dx = 0 .
d2y dy
(iii) 4 + 4 y = x 2 + sin 2 x . (4+5+5)
2 dx
dx
Ans:
(i) x cos 2 ydx = y cos 2 xdy
x y
2
dx = dy
cos x cos 2 y
or x sec 2 xdx = y sec 2 ydy
Integrating both sides
x sec xdx = y sec ydy
2 2
or x. tan x tan xdx = y tan y tan ydy + c

or x tan x log | cos x |= y tan y log | cos y | + c is the required solution.
(ii) Given
sec xdy + ( y sin x)dx = 0
dy dy 1 sin x dy
sec x = y + sin x + y= + cos x. y = sin x cos x
dx dx sec x sec x dx
cos xdx
I .F . = e = e sin x
Solution is
ye sin x = e sin x . sin x cos xdx + c
Let sin x = t , cos xdx = dt
e .tdt = te e dt
t t t
= te t e t
ye sin x = (sin x 1)e sin x + c
109
(iii) d2y dy
2
4 + 4 y = x 2 + sin 2 x
dx dx
A.E. is m 2 4m + 4 = 0 (m 2) 2 = 0 m = 2,2
CF = (C1 + xC 2 )e 2 x
1
1 1 D2 2 1
P.I . = 2
D 4D + 4
( 4
)
x 2 + sin 2 x = 1 D +
4
x +
4 4D + 4
sin 2 x
1
2
D2 D2 1
= 1 + D + D + ....... x 2 sin 2 x
4 4 4 4D

1 2 1 cos 2 x 1 2 3 cos 2 x
= x 2 + 2 x + 2 + = x + 2x + +
4 4 4 2 4 2 8
=
1 3 cos 2 x
y = C.F . + P.I . = (C1 + C 2 x )e 2 x + x 2 + 2 x + +
4 2 8
is the general solution of differential equation.
Q.169 Prove that 7 divides 23n 1 for all positive integers n. (7)
Ans:
Let P (n) = 2 3n - 1 , For n = 1, P(1) = 2 3 1 = 8 1 = 7
which is divisible by 7 . Let P (k ) is divisible by 7 ,where k is a positive integer
i.e. P (k ) = 2 3k 1 is divisible by 7. We have to show that this relation is true for n = k + 1
P (k + 1) = 2 3( k +1) - 1 = 2 3k 2 3 1 = 2 3k 2 3 - 2 3 + 2 3 1 = 2 3 [2 3k - 1] + 7
P (k + 1) = 8(2 3k 1) + 7
Here 2 3k 1 is divisible by 7 and 7 itself divisible by 7. Thus P(k+1) is divisible by 7. Hence

result is true for k + 1 ,But it is true for n = 1 . Thus it is true for every positive integer
Q.170 Find the condition that the roots of equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are equal. (7)
Ans:
Let , are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0
b + b 2 4ac b b 2 4ac
= and =
2a 2a
Now =
b + b 2 4ac - b - b 2 4ac
= b 2 4ac = - b 2 4ac
2a 2a
110
2 b 2 4ac = 0 b 2 4ac = 0
5
Q.171 Evaluate tan . (6)
12
Ans:
5 tan45 + tan30
tan = tan 75 o (
= tan 45 o + 30 o ) =
1 tan 45 o tan 30
12
1
1+
=
3
=
3 +1
=
( 3 +1 ) 2
=
4+2 3
= 2+ 3
1 3 1 3 1 2
1
3
1 1
Q.172 If x + = 2 cos , prove that x 3 + = 2 cos 3 . (8)
x x3
Ans:
1
x + = 2cos
x
Cubic both sides
3
1 1 2 1 1
x + = 8 cos x + 3 + 3 x
3
3
+ 3x 2 = 8 cos 3
x x x x
1 1 1
or x 3 + + 3 x + = 8cos 3 x 3 + 3 = cos 3 6 cos = 2 cos 3
x
3
x x
Q.173 If a, b, c are lengths of sides opposite to angles A, B, C in a triangle ABC, then show that
a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2 bc cos A . (7)
Ans:
When ABC is an acute angled triangle.Draw perpendicular CD from C on AB

AD
In CAD, we have cos A = AD = b cos A
b
In CBD, we have
111
BD
cos B = BD = a cos B
a
In CBD,
CD 2 + BD 2 = CB 2
CB 2 = CD 2 + (AB AD) 2 = CD 2 + AB 2 + AD 2 2AB.AD
a 2 = AB 2 + (CD 2 + AD 2 ) 2AB.AD = c 2 + AC 2 2AB.AD
a 2 = c 2 + b 2 2c.b cos A
a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A
Q.174 Show that in a triangle ABC,
a sin (B C) + b sin (C A) + c sin (A B) = 0,
where a , b, c are lengths of sides opposite to angles A, B, C. (7)
Ans:
a b c
Let = = = K.
sin A sin B sin C
L.H.S.
a sin(B-C)+ b sin (C-A)+c sin(A-B)
= K sin A sin(B-C)+K sin B sin(C-A)+K sin C sin(A-B)
= K[sin (B+C) sin (B-C)+sin(C+A) sin(C-A)+sin(A+B) sin(A-B)]
= K(sin2 B-sin2C+ sin2C -sin2A+sin2A-sin2B]
= K(0)
= 0 = RHS
Q.175 Find the condition that the points (1, 1), (3, 5) and (a, b) are collinear. (7)
Ans:
Let A= (1,1) ,B= (3,5) ,C= (a,b)
The given points are collinear if x1(y2-y3)+x2(y3-y1)+x3(y1-y2)=0
1(5 b) + 3(b 1) + a (1 5) = 0 5 b + 3b 3 + a 5a = 0 2b 4a = 2
Or b 2a = 1
Q.176 Find equations of lines which pass through the point (4, 5) and make an angle 45o with the
line 2x + y +1 = 0. (7)
Ans:
A line through point (4,5) is y 5 = m( x 4). This makes angle 450 with the line
2 x + y + 1 = 0, whose slope is -2. Therefore.
112
m2 1
tan 450 = or 1 m 2m = m 2 m = ,3
1 m 2m 3
1
( y 5) = ( x 4)
The required lines are 3
( y 5) = 3( x 4)
Q.177 Find the equation of the circle concentric with the circle
x 2 + y 2 4 x 6 y 9 = 0 and which passes through (-4, 5). (7)
Ans:
Given circle is x2+ y2-4x-6y-9=0. Its center is (-f,-g) =(2,3)
The equation of circle whose center is (2,3) and radius r is (x-2)2+(y-3)2= r2
It passes through (-4,5) (-4-2)2+(5-3)2 =r2 36+4 = r2 r2 = 40
Required Circle is (x-2)2+(y-3)2=40
Q.178 Show that y 2 8 y x + 19 = 0 represents a parabola. Find its focus, vertex and directrix.
(7)
Ans:
y2-8y-x+19=0 (y-4)2 =(x-3) ..............(1)
Let Y = y-4, X= x-3 (1) becomes Y2=X, which is a parabola.
1
Here 4a=1 a =
4
Vertex: Vertex = (X=0, Y=0) (x-3=0, y-4=0) (x=3, y=4) So, Vertex = (3,4)
1 13
Focus: (X=a, Y=0) x 3 = , y 4 = 0 x = , y = 4
4 4
1 11
Directrix: Equation of directorix is X= -a x-3= - x=
4 4
Sin 3x
Q.179 Find lim . (6)
x 0 x
Ans:
Sin3 x Sin3 x
Lim = 3Lim = 3.1 = 3
x 0 x x0 3x
Q.180 Examine the continuity of the function f(x) = [x], where [x] is greatest integer x , x being any
real number. (8)
Ans:
Let a be any real number, then there exists an integer k such that k-1 a k,
113
Case1: a k-1
(LHL at x=a) = Lim f ( x) = Lim f (a h) = Lim[a h] = Lim(k 1) = k 1
x a h 0 h 0 h 0
(RHL at x=a) = Lim f ( x) = Lim f (a + h) = Lim[a + h] = Lim(k 1) = k 1

x a + h 0 h 0 h 0
and f(a)=k-1. Thus Lim f ( x) = Lim f ( x) = f (a ) so, f(x) is continuous at x=a.

x a x a +
Case2: a=k-1
Now lim f ( x) = lim(k 1 h) = k 2 while lim f ( x) = k 1
x a h 0 x a +
Thus f(x) is not continuous at point a=k-1. Thus f(x) continuous at all points x an
integer while it is discontinuous at integer points.
Q.181 Show that the semi verticle angle of a cone of maximum volume and a given slant height is
tan 1 2 . (7)
Ans:
Let be the semi-vertical angle of a cone of given slant height l . Then, CO= l Cos , OA= l
sin . Let V be the volume of the cone.
Then
1 1
V = (OA) 2 (CO) = l 3 Sin 2Cos
3 3
dV 3
d 3
[
= l Sin 3 + 2 Sin .Cos 2 ]
l 3
=
3
[
Sin Sin 2 + 2Cos 2 ]
dV
For maximum or minimum V, =0
d
l 3

3
[ ]
Sin Sin 2 + 2Cos 2 = 0 2Cos 2 = Sin 2
or Sin = 0(not possible)

1
tan 2 = 2 tan = 2 Cos =
3
2
d V 1 3
Again
d 2 3
= l Cos 3 2 7 tan 2 ( )
d 2V 4l 3

2
= <0
d tan = 2 3 3
Thus V is maximum when tan = 2 = tan 1 2
114
Q.182 Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve y = x 2 9 at the point where it
intersects the positive x-axis. (7)
Ans:
The equation of given curve is y=x2-9..............(1)
This cuts the x-axis at the point where y=0 x2-9=0 x=3
Point of contact = (3,0) Differentiating (1) w.r. to x, we get
dy
= 2 x...............................(ii )
dx
dy
=6
dx (3, 0)
Equation of tangent at (3,0) is y-0 =6 (x-3) y -6x+18=0
1
Evaluation of normal at (3,0) is y-0= ( x 3) 6 y + x 3 = 0
6
Q.183 Find a reduction formula for the integral sin n x dx . (7)
Ans:
sin xdx = sin n1 x sin xdx

n
Let In =
= sin n1 x( cos x) + (n 1) sin n2 x cos x cos xdx
= sin n1 x cos x + (n 1) sin n2 x cos 2 xdx
= sin n1 x cos x + (n 1) sin n2 x(1 sin 2 x)dx
= sin n1 x cos x + (n 1) sin n2 xdx (n 1) sin n xdx
= sin n 1 x cos x + (n 1) I n 2 (n 1) I n
nI n = (n 1) I n 2 sin n1 x cos x, n = 3,4,.........., I 1 = cos x

2
sin x
Q.184 Evaluate sin x + cos x
dx . (7)
0
Ans:

2
Sinx
Let I=
0 Sinx + Cosx
dx .. (1)
115

Sin x
2
2 2
Cosx
=
0
dx =
0 Cosx + Sin x
dx (2)
Sin x + Cos x
2 2
Now

2 2
Sinx + Cosx
2.I =
0 Sinx + Cosx
dx = dx =
0

2 I=
4
Q.185 Find the area bounded by y 2 = 4 ax and its latus rectum. (7)
Ans:
A rough sketch of the parobola is shown in Fig.
Let S(a,o) be the focus and L' SL. , be the latus rectum of the parabola y2=4ax. The required area
is LOL' L. Since the curve is symmetric about x-axis. So, required area = 2 area ( L' OSL' . )
Here, we slice the area L' OSL' into vertical strips. For the approximating rectangle
shown in fig. we have length =y, width = x
Area = y x = 4ax x
Since the approximating rectangle can move between x=0 and x=a
a
8 2
Required area = 2 Area L OSL =2 4ax dx =' '
a sq. units
0
3
x2 y2
Q.186 Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving the ellipse + = 1 , about its major
a2 b2
axis. (7)
Ans:
a
x2 a

Volume of solid = 2 y dx 2
= 2b 1 2
2
dx
0 0 a
a
2b 2 a
2b 2 2 x3
0 (a x )dx = a 2 a x 3
2 2
= 2
a 0
2b 3 a 2b 2a
2 3 2 3
4
= 2 a = 2
. = ab 2
a 3 a 3 3
dy x y
Q.187 Solve the equation = . (6)
dx x + y
Ans:
dy x - y
=
dx x + y
116
This is homogeneous equation
Let y=vx
dy dv
= v+x
dx dx
dv x - vx dv 1 - v dv 1 - v
v+x = v+x = x = v
dx x + vx dx 1 + v dx 1 + v
1- v - v - v2 1 - 2v - v 2
= =
1+ v 1+ v
1+ v dx
2
dv =
1 - 2v - 2v x
Integrating both sides
1+ v dx
1 - 2v - v 2
dv =
x
. Let 1-2v-v2 = t on LHS (-2-2v)dv=dt
1
(1+v)dv= dt
2
1 dt dx 1 1

2 t
=
x
logt = log x + log c
2
(
log 1 2v v 2 = log cx
2
)
1 1
2y y2 2
x 2 2 xy y 2 2
cx = (1-2v-v ) 2 -
= 1 - =
x x 2 x2
x
cx = (
or c x 2 2 xy y 2 = 1 c 2 x 2 2 xy y 2 = 1 )
x 2 2 xy y 2
117

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DE01 / DC01 MATHEMATICS-I

TYPICAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

OBJECTIVE TYPES QUESTIONS

Each Question carries 2 marks.

Choose correct or the best alternative in the following:

Q.6 If 20 Cr = 20 Cr 10 then 18 Cr is equal to

(A) tan x cot x (B) tan x + cot x

Q.16 Period of Sin (2x + 3) is

Q.17 The value of Sin 1050 + Cos 1050 is

Q.19 Sum of the series S = 12 2 2 + 32 4 2 + ... 100 2 + 1012 is equal to

Q.21 In a triangle ABC, let a = BC, b = CA and c = AB. If B = 60o , then

Q.22 The circles x 2 + y 2 + px + py 7 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 10 x + 2py + 1 = 0 cut orthogonally if the

Q.23 The eccentricity of the ellipse 16 x 2 + 25 y 2 = 400 is

Q.24 The derivative of cos (log x) is

Q.27 The area under the curve y = x 2 between x = 0 and x = 1 is

Q.30 The centroid of the triangle formed by the straight lines y + x = 3, y x = 3, y = 0 is

Given straight lines are A(3, 0), B(0, 3), C(-3, 0)

Q.31 The distance between the parallel lines 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and 3x + 4y + 15 = 0 is

dx 1 sin x 1 sin x 1 sin x

Q.36 The solution of the differential equation y dx + x dy = 0 is

(A) sec x + cosec x (B) sec x cos ec x

Q.47 Value of sin 1 x + cos 1 x is

Q.48 Value of (sin 3A sin A ) cos A (cos 3A + cos A ) sin A is

Q.51 Value of tan 105o is

Q.57 sin 3x sin 2x dx is equal to

Q.59 Which term of the series 37+32+27+22+.............. is 103?

Q.62 Expansion of 5 sin sin 8 is equal to

Q.67 tan 2 xdx is equal to

(A) tan x + c (B) sec 2 x + c

Q.69 The square root of 12 5i is

(A) 15 C12 x 9 . (B) - 15 C11 x 7 .

Q.77 The point (, ) is equidistant from points (7,6) and (-3, 4) if

( 7 )2 + ( 6)2 = ( + 3)2 + ( 4)2

Q.78 The value of sin (45 + ) cos(45 ) is

sin cos cos sin

Q.80 The length of tangent from point (5,1) to the circle x 2 + y 2 + 6x 4 y 3 = 0 is

Q.81 The differential coefficient of log tan x is

Q.84 If a x = b, b y = c, c z = a , then the value of xyz is

Q.87 If cos 2 + 3 sin = 3, then is equal to

(A) 1 + x. (B) e1+ x .

Q.90 The distance between two parallel lines 3x + 4y = 5 and 6x + 8y = 35 is

Q.93 12 + 2 2 + 32 + ........ + n 2 is equal to

Q.94 If log 9 x = 1.5 then x is equal to

Q.96 If , are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 then 2 + 2 is

Q.98 log x dx is equal to

tan 1 a + tan 1 b = tan 1 x

Q.6 Differentiate f (x ) = Cos 2 x by the first principle. (7)

Q.13 Using induction, prove that 2 n > n for all n. (7)

If nth term is independent of x

Q.21 If A + B + C = , show that

Q.22 In any triangle ABC, show that

Q.34 Solve following the differential equations

(i) ydx xdy = ( x 2 + y 2 )dx . (8)

Q.37 If A + B + C = 180o , prove that sin (B + C A ) + sin (C + A B) + sin

Ans: It is sufficient to show that

Q.39 Find the value of c1 such that the circles x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y + 1 = 0 and

that is, f is not continuous at x = 0.

Q.46 Find the area of the region bounded by y = x 2 + 2 , y = x , x = 0 and x = 1. (8)

(multiplying and dividing by cos 4 x)

or, ln (x2+1) + 2 ln |siny| = 2c

Q.53 If A + B + C = , show that

(1) passes through the centre of the circle x 2 + y 2 8x 10 y + 7 = 0