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For the many readers who do not need hundreds of watts output
from their audio hi-fi installation here is a modest 60-watt a.f.
amplifier that is a match for even the best quality loudspeakers.
Loads down to 2 ohms may be driven without any problem and
with very low distortion. The design is entirely symmetrical and,
apart from an input capacitor, direct coupled.
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900098 "
output transistors instead of one make for stages, which is unavoidable because of dif- is weIl.
moreefficient cooling; moreover; low- power ferences between n-p-n and p-n-p transistors Transistor T21 monitors the output cur-
transistors normally have better electrical and also in base resistance, it is essential that rentof theamplifier by measuring thepoten-
properties than high-power ones. the outpur voltage of the amplifier is kept at tial drop across the emitter resistors of T16
A Boucherot-type network, R46-C16, at o V, and this is effected by Je1. and T20 via voltage divider R47-R48. If that
the outputensures that theamplifier remains The output of the amplifier is applied to current exceeds 5 A (that is, a total current
adequately loaded at high frequencies. integrator lei via lew-pass filter R60-C23. The throught the three Oll tpu t tra nsistors of 15 A),
Inductor LI limits the rise time of the output supply for the integrator is derived from the T21 switches on which results in bistable T24-
signal when the load is capacitive. This main 36-V supply with the aid of resistors T25 toggling alter which the relay is deener-
results in slightly less damptng at high fre- R63 and R64, and zener diedes D10 and DI1. gized within 5 ms.
quencies, but even so the damptng factor at The proteetion eircuit is formed by tran- Any direct voltage at the output is mea-
10 kHz and an output impedance of 8 n sistors T21-T26. When the supply is switehed sured via lew-pass filter R49-Rso-C18-C19. lf
remains greater than 100. on, T26 is off so that bistable TZ4-T25 is reset, thereisa direct voltageata level of more than
Feedback is provided via resistors R17 which results in T25 being switched on. 1 V, Tu will switch on of the voltage is neg~
and R18, and an important role in this is Transistor T26 cannot eonduct until its base-- ative and T23 if it is positive. Again, the relay
played by IX correction circuit TCl. Since the emitter voltage is high enough and this does is deenergized via the bistable.
feedback loop does not include coupling not happen until C2l has been charged via When the relay Is denergized owing to
capacitors. direet voltages at the input are RS8.It is this actton that delays the actuation too high a current or voltage, it will remain
amplified to the same degree as AC signals. of the amplifier, so until the supply is switched off. When,
Owing to the slightly asymmetric setting of Onee T26 is switched on. relay Rer is euer- after a few seconds, the supply is switched
the direet voltages at the differential input gized and diode Dz Iights to indicate that all on aga in, the relay will be energtzed if the
fault eondition has been removed.
The nominal supply voltage is 2x30 V,
BYW64 which may rise under no-load conditions to
MDA3504 2x37 V. Each amplifier may have its own
.---+--+-{+ 30 ...36V power supply, but it is, of course, possible to
power a stereo system (two amplifiers) from
one supply only as discussed below.
Power supply
In principle, there are three ways of provid-
2x 25V ~ ~~~o ing the amplifier with power: a single supply
4A5
for a monaural amplifier; a stereo amplifier
with an Independent supply for each ampli-
4x 10000101 fier: and a stereo amplifier with a single sup-
50V
ply. The first two obviously provide the best
possible channel separation.
The circuit of apower supply for a
L- -4>-----<>--{_ 30 ...36V monaural amplifier Is shown in Fig. 3a. The
mains rransfcrmer specified provides suffi-
90009813a
cient power to allow the amplifier delivering
continuous power into a 4 n load. lt was not
BYW64
thought necessary to specify it for continu-
MDA35~O~4-._-._-+_-( ous power into 2 n. After all, the nominal
resistance of many loudspeakers is 4 n,
although there may be dips to 2-3 n.
However, the electrolytic capacitors have
sufficient capacitance to ensure adequate
current during peaks in music reproduction.
This explains why a total capecitnnce of
40 000 ~F is specified.
2x 25V The single supply for a stereo amplifier
'OA
-see Hg. 3b-has a lugher rated mains
transfonner. For normal use, a 6-A type will
8x 10 OOO.P suffice. Howevcr, if low-impedance loud-
50V
speakers are used, it is better to use a 10-A
type.
Theelecrrolytic buffer capa ci tors are 50- V
types; if these cannot be obtained, 63 V types
900098- 13b
may be used, although these are somewhat
larger.
The construction of the amplifier will be
Fig. 3. Two possible power supplies: the one at the top is tor a monaural amplitier, while the one below
is a single supply intended for a stereo amplifier. described in next month's issue.
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