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INTRODUCTION
1.2.1 DMRC
The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd., abbreviated to DMRC, is a state-central owned
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company that operates the Delhi Metro. The DMRC is also involved in the planning and
implementation of metro rail, monorail, and high-speed rail projects in India and abroad.
The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. was created on 3 May 1995 with E. Sreedharan serving
as the first managing director. Sreedharan handed over charge as MD of DMRC to Mangu
Singh on 31 December 2011.
DMRC has made it compulsory to wear safety helmets on construction sites. It also earns
carbon credits with rainwater harvesting at metro stations and runs an HIV/AIDS programme
for workers.
The DMRC has a business development department which is in charge of the consultancy
services.DMRC has served as the project consultant and has prepared detailed project reports
(DPR) for every metro and monorail project in India, except the Kolkata Metro and Chennai
MRTS, which were constructed before the formation of the DMRC.
Headquartered in Mumbai, Larsen & Toubro Limited is one of the largest and most respected
companies in India's private sector. With over 75 years of a strong, customer focused approach
and a continuous quest for world-class quality, L&T has unmatched capabilities across
Technology, Engineering, Construction and Manufacturing, and maintains a leadership in all
its major lines of business.
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in over 30 countries around the world.
L&T is engaged in core, high impact sectors of the economy and our integrated capabilities
span the entire spectrum of design to deliver. With over 7 decades of a strong, customer
focused approach and a continuous quest for world-class quality, we have unmatched expertise
across Technology, Engineering, Construction, Infrastructure Projects and Manufacturing, and
maintain a leadership in all our major lines of business.
The Companys manufacturing footprint extends across eight countries in addition to India.
L&T has several international offices and a supply chain that extends around the globe.
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loan procedures.
Companys motto is ITS ALL ABOUT IMAGINEERING. IMAGINEERING is a word
derived by two words IMAGINE and ENGINEERING. Thus imagining good stuff and make it
real by means of engineering.
1.2.3 SUCG:
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The content of each chapter in the report is summarized below.
Chapter 1. Introduction- In this chapter, history of company is given.
Chapter 2. The second chapter consists of summary of training work.
Chapter 3. This chapter consists of details of vasant vihar metro station.
Chapter 4. This chapter consists of generals for safety and working.
Chapter 5. This chapter consists of tunneling.
Chapter 6. This chapter consists of construction of boundary wall.
Chapter 7. This chapter consists of estimation of tiles and kerb stones used.
Chapter 8. This chapter consists of cladding of wall.
Chapter 9. This chapter consists of retaining wall.
Chapter 10. This chapter consists of estimation of quantity of drainage pipe.
Chapter 11. Conclusions have been discussed in this chapter to justify the work.
Chapter 12. The references have been shown which has helped in the preparation of this
Industrial Training report.
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CHAPTER
2
SUMMARY OF TRAINING WORK
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CHAPTER
3
DEATILS OF VASANT VIHAR METRO STATION
The Vasant Vihar ( ) Metro Station is located on the Magenta Line of the Delhi
Metro.As part of Phase III of Delhi Metro, Vasant Vihar is the under construction metro station
of the Magenta Line.
Vasant Vihar is the only metro station of the project CC-27 which is constructed using Bottom-
Up construction methodology. The ground profile of this station is medium hard rocks. As a
result of this, bottom-up method is preferred for this particular station. The TBM used for
tunnelling is also Rock TBM (HERRENKNECHT). There are total 26 grids on this station.
There are 2 back off houses from grid 1 to 7 and grid 20 to 26.
Figure no - 1
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CHAPTER
4
GENERNAL FOR SAFETY AND WORKING
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When someone is found seriously injured, you should:
Keep calm.
Seek help immediately.
Accompany the injured person.
Assist in the immediate rescue work as far as possible.
Call the site safety staff.
Do not try to move the injured person unless it is really necessary to do so.
Do not tamper with the accident scene while waiting for the arrival of the investigation team.
When a fire breaks out, you should remember:
Put out the fire with a fire extinguisher if it is a small fire.
If the blaze is out of control, do not try to extinguish the fire on your own. Call the Fire
Services Department right away.
Figure no 2
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Figure no 3
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CHAPTER
5
TUNNELING
The tunnel between Kalkaji Mandir and Okhla Phase III passes below piers 135 and 136 of the
violet line and the distance between the two piers is 28 mtrs. It would have been impossible to
construct twin tunnels within such a short space. Therefore, a decision was taken to construct a
single tube twin tunnel through which both the tracks will pass using the NATM technology.
Moreover, tunneling was required for only a short stretch of 176 mtrs. Therefore, it would have
been inconvenient and time consuming to insert a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) and construct
separate shafts for insertion and retrieval of the TBM etc.
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Figure no - 4
Round the clock monitoring of the displacement of soil strata is being done with the help of
inclinometers, extensometer, bi-reflex targets, surface settlement points, gas monitors etc.
Permission has already been obtained from the Commissioner of Metro Rail Safety (CMRS) for
passing below the Metro viaduct.
The construction work of the tunnel started in September, 2013 and is expected to be completed
by June next year.
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Presently, out of the 176 mtrs, part construction of 158 mtrs has been completed.
In DMRC, it has been earlier used at Chawri Bazar (Phase 1), Buddha Jayanti Park and Saket
(Phase 2). In the present era, NATM is generally used in areas where tunnelling through Tunnel
Boring Machines is not possible.
Later, a final concrete lining using M-40 grade of concrete will be done which is 400 mm in
depth. Every movement of the surface during excavation is measured using sophisticated
instruments such as inclinometer, extensometer, load cell etc.
Details of the Janakpuri West Botanical Garden Metro corridor and the Kalkaji Mandir
Metro station
The Janakpuri West Botanical Garden Metro corridor is a 36.28 km long corridor slated to be
opened by March, 2016. The corridor constitutes 21.65 km of underground lines and 14.7 km of
elevated lines.
There will be 15 underground and 10 elevated stations on the corridor. The NATM Tunnel starts
right from the Kalkaji Mandir Metro station, which will have interchange facility with the
presently operational Kalkaji Mandir Metro station of the violet line.
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The Kalkaji Mandir Metro station is all set to emerge as a premier interchange hub after the
completion of phase 3 with direct connectivity to Faridabad and NOIDA. The new station will be
underground (depth about 17 mtrs) while the present station is an elevated one. A Foot Over
Bridge (FOB) about 2600 mtrs long will connect the paid area of the new station with the old.
The new station will have an upper concourse in addition to the main concourse. Presently, base
slab and excavation work have been completed and work on the concourse slab is in progress.
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CHAPTER
6
CONSTRUCTION OF BOUNDARY WALL
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If the ground is uneven or sloped, plan to install an additional one or two rows of bricks below
the finished grade level to create a level base.
Image titled Build a Brick Wall Step 2
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Dig out a trench for your foundation. You need to dig out a trench to seat the wall in, which you
then make solid with a layer of concrete. This is often called a footer, or concrete foundation.
Dig out a rectangular trench the length and width of your planned wall, roughly 1 foot deep.
If your wall is more than 2 feet tall, you may need a deeper or wider trench. If the "footer" you
install (as described below) is not strong enough to support the wall, the wall can sag or collapse.
You can look up recommended dimensions online based on your soil's load bearing capacity and
the size of your project.
Make sure the footer will have good water drainage away from the wall. Water pooling around
the footer can cause wall failure.
Image titled Build a Brick Wall Step 34
Drive level wooden stakes into your trench. Take several wooden stakes and drive them into the
soil so that the tops of them are all level. Find the nominal height of your bricks (the height of
the bricks plus 1/2" for mortar), then drive the posts so that they are all this height below the top
of the trench. Use a level to ensure that the tops of the stakes are completely level.[4]
For this example, with 2-2/3" bricks, you would want 2-2/3" of space between the top of your
guide posts and the lip of the trench. This is so the first row of bricks is completely seated in
your foundation.
Space these posts 2-4 feet apart, depending on the length of your wall.
Image titled Build a Brick Wall Step 4
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Mix and pour concrete up to the top of the guideposts. Fill in the trench up to the top of the
stakes, leaving the space you measured for your bricks. The concrete needs 2-3 days to dry and
set, so use this time to start gathering supplies and preparing your measurements.[5]
Use a finishing trowel to make sure the top of the concrete is smooth and level before it starts
drying.
You can notch a "keyway joint" or "V" into the middle of the footer to help interlock it into the
mortar bed.
Image titled Build a Brick Wall Step 56
Make your guideposts. Also called gauging rods, these will ensure that your wall is level. Take 2
long wooden boards or posts and measure out each row of the brick wall, also known as a course.
Mark the boards where each brick should be, including the mortar lines. Make sure you can drive
the posts into the ground so that they can be freestanding. They should be as tall as your wall will
be.
For the 2x6ft wall, make a mark 2-1/4" up from the bottom -- this is the height of the first brick.
Make another mark 1/2" above that, then continue this pattern up to the top of the wall, here 2
feet high. You want two of these, one for each side of the wall.[6]
These rods will be the rulers for your wall, and need to be identically lined up. Use a level and
your tape measure to make sure the wall is immaculately planned.
Image titled Build a Brick Wall Step 67
Gather your supplies while the foundation dries. You'll need quite a bit of stuff to build your
wall, all things considered. Once the foundation is set and your guideposts are built, it's time to
get your building materials in order. You will need:[7]
String and clamps/nails (to create guidelines)
Mortar and a mixing bucket
Level
Brick jointer
Club hammer
Tape measure
Water
Dry bristle brush
Tarps or plywood to lay at base of wall
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Small torpedo level to check individual bricks
4 ft level
Figure no - 5
6.1.2 Building The First Row
1. Put down tarps or plywood to catch mortar. Lay down tarps or 2 ft wide plywood at the base
of the wall to catch excess mortar as it falls. Keep this surface clean and avoid walking on it so
you can reuse this mortar.
spaceplay / pause escstop ffullscreen shift + slower / faster (latest Chrome and Safari)
volume mmute
seek . seek to previous 126 seek to 10%, 20%, 60% to Build a Brick Wall
2. Lay your first row of bricks in the foundation for a dry run. Space them out appropriately,
accounting for the mortar. Use your tape measure to make sure that they are the correct distance
apart, and make sure that they fit in the trench snugly. Plan out the whole first row like this
before you start any work.
If you do not have bricklaying experience, read through this entire section first. You may need to
practice a few techniques before you begin.
3. Clamp a string on your first guideline. This is going to be for the second layer of bricks, as the
first one will be buried in the trench. Run the string from one gauging rod to the other so that you
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have a straight, level line to work with.Don't let the line sag. This must be kept "true" for a solid,
level wall without major structural issues.[8]
4. Soak the bricks and let dry. Soak the bricks in water, then lay them out to drip dry. The bricks
should be thoroughly wet so the mortar bonds correctly. That said, wait until there is no more
water running off the bricks, or the mortar may become too runny.
5. Lay the first 1/2 inch of mortar along the base of the foundation. When in doubt, add a little bit
extra mortar, as you will be pushing the brick down slightly. Use your trowel to lightly press into
the mortar along the center line, leaving little intents. The mortar will look like little waves.[9]
6. Press the first brick into the mortar. Push down slightly, then use your level to check that the
brick even with the ground. To do so, press the level up against the side of the brick and then
check it with your string sting line.Scrape any excess mortar down the line. You can use this
mortar for the next bricks as long as it is free from contaminants
7. Lay mortar down for the next 2-3 bricks. Once you're sure your first brick is set, lay down
some mortar for the next few. You only want to work with 2-3 bricks worth of mortar at a time.
8. Butter the end of the next brick with mortar and press it into place. Take a slab of mortar and
coat the end of the brick that will be pushed up against the first brick. You want a nice, even pat
of mortar, just a little more than a 1/2" worth. Press it into place against to the first brick and use
your tape measure to make sure they are 1/2" apart and joined by mortar.
This is a very important step that ensures a strong bond between bricks. If you skip this and try to
fill the mortar in between laid bricks, the joint will eventually fail. For best results, practice this
several times on spare bricks before you move on to the real wall
9. Press the brick lightly into the 1/2" of mortar you've laid down so that it is level with the first
brick. Use the level to ensure that the bricks are flush and at an even height, pushing on them
lightly to make sure that they are perfect.
10. Scrape away any excess mortar as you work. You've pressed the bricks together, you'll notice
that mortar starts to squeeze out as you work to get 1/2" joints. Use your trowel to scrape the
mortar away and down onto the tarp or plywood at the base of the wall. As long as that surface is
kept clean, you can reuse the mortar for the next brick.
11. Keep adding bricks until the row is finished. Continue laying bricks down in this fashion --
mortar bottom and side, press in, check evenness with the level-- until your first row, or course,
is complete.
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You can never check if the wall is level enough. You should be using your level and tape
measure with almost every brick.
Figure no - 6
6.1.3Building Additional Rows
1. Move your guideline up to the next marker. It should be the 1/2 mortar marker that joins your
1st and 2nd rows. For the second row it should already be in place, but you need to remember to
move the line each time you move up a row so that you know the height you have to hit.
2. Cut a brick in half with a firm tap from the pointed end of a hammer. You can also use a
bolster, which may make a cleaner cut. Still, bricks are meant to break cleanly. Tap on the point
you want to cut the brick with the back of a hammer until you see a crack, then hit this spot hard,
once, to cut the brick in half.[11]You need to stagger your bricks, meaning that one brick in the
second row sits on two bricks in the row below it. To do this, you'll start every other new row
with half a brick.You don't need a perfectly clean, smooth cut. The rough edges will help hold
the mortar.
3. Start the second row with 1/2 a brick on both ends. You do not want to make the next row
right on top of the first one, so that the joints line up. Mortar and place the half brick, then place
a full brick next it like normal. Do this on both ends of the wall, so that each side has a half brick
and a full brick in place.
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4. Mortar and place one full brick on top of your ends. To help you stay level, you build the ends
of the wall up a course higher than you're working on, making it appear like there are staircases
on the ends of the wall. You then fill in the bottom row, build the sides up a little higher, then
continue until you reach the top.[12]Remember to use the guideline and your level together to
make sure the bricks are even and at the right height.Your gauging rods should help you place
the end bricks, as they will line up right with the marks planted at the end of your wall.
5. Fill in the entire bottom row. Place roughly 1/2" of mortar down, press the brick into place,
check the straightness with the guideline and level, and wipe up any excess mortar. Then repeat
until the second row is done.
6. Continue building your wall from the ends inward. You want to have the ends of your wall
one course higher than the row you are currently working on. This is especially important if the
wall has pillars on either end. With each row, the process is the same. However, remember to use
half-bricks every other row to ensure that the joints in each row are not perfectly lined up.
Move the guideline.
Apply mortar.
Press a brick into either end of the wall, using the guidelines and level to make sure they are at
the right height.
Do the same thing one row above the one you're currently working on.
Measure, mortar, and build the bottommost row, (infill the courses).
Repeat the process one row higher
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CHAPTER
7
ESTIMATION OF TILES AND KERB STONE USED
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SIDE
=36.17
ES1 BACK
SIDE 271.2 24X11.3 3014
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ES2 GURUDWARA SIDE
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CHAPTER
8
CLADDING OF WALL
Figure no - 7
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Figure no - 8
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Install lath with minimum one inch overlap. The surface should feel rough when you rub your
hand upwards, allowing the mortar to catch when applying the motor scratch coat.
8.1.5 INSTALLATION/APPLICATION:
Multiply height x width of the area that is to be covered, subtracting openings such as doors and
windows. This is the total surface area for which you will need stone.
If you are measuring corner stones, you must measure the linear meterage of external corners to
be covered including any doorways and windows that have corners.
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8.1.9 FINISHING THE PROCESS AND CLEANING:
Clean the wall with detergent and water using a bristle brush, then clean with fresh water.
8.1.10 DO NOT!:
Use acid or acid based products - this will damage the stone.
Use a wire brush - this will damage the stone face.
Use a high pressure power washer.
Let loose mortar dry overnight.
Use a wet brush - this may leave permanent staining.
Sandblast.
Use corner or flat stones in exterior horizontal planes or to cap walls in high freeze thaw areas.
Use stone below water level, i.e. swimming pools.
Use chlorine and other chemicals as they may discolour products and other masonry materials.
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CHAPTER
9
RETAINING WALL ES04 AT VASANT VIHAR METRO STATION
Figure no - 9
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2. DRAW THE LINE OF PLAN ON GROUND BY SURVEYAR.
line of plan will be drawn on the ground by surveyar by using TOTAL STATION METHOD.
3. EXACAVATION OF WORKING SITE.
exacavation of ground upto the depth of 575 with the help of earth mover.
4. COMPACTION OF SOIL.
compaction and leveling of the ground surface.
5. REIGNFORCEMENT PATTERN
Figure no - 10
Figure no - 11
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Figure no - 12
Figure no - 13
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Figure no - 14
Figure no - 15
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Figure no 16
5B. SHUTERING
6. CONCRETING
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CHAPTER
10
ESIMATION OF QUANTITY OF DRAINAGE PIPE USED AT SITE
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SIDE)
(K) 900X800X1200
BACK SIDE OF
ES1
(L) 600X600X1100
ES1 SIDE
NEAR
BOUNDARY
WALL
TOTAL=67.1 (M) 600X600X1100
FRONT SIDE
OF ES1
(N) 600X600X1100
GREEN PLANT
SIDE
(O)EXTERIOR 600X600X1100
BOUNDARY
WALL
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CHAPTER
11
CONCLUSION
DELHI Metro is a world-class metro. DELHI Metro to be of world class standards in regard to
safety, reliability, punctuality, comfort and customer satisfaction. Duration of this project is of
42 months, which includesConstruction of Tunnel from end of underground ramp (near
SHANKAR VIHAR metro station) to HAUZKHAS Metro Station and Underground ramp
near SHANKAR VIHAR Metro Station and Underground metro Station at VASANT VIHAR,
MUNIRKA, R.K. PURAM, IIT and HAUZ KHAS on JANAKPURI West.
All the work is carried out as per the proper methodology stated given by contractor (L & T)
which is approved by client (DMRC).Good Co-ordination among all the peoples working at
site as well as regional office. This helps the company achieve its targets within the desired
period.The workers on site are skilled and well aware of the techniques They are well guided
by supervisors and the engineers on site. This helps to improve the efficiency and quality of
the work.
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CHAPTER
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REFERENCES
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Metro_Rail_Corporation
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larsen_%26_Toubro
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Construction_Group
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Austrian_tunnelling_method
[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining_wall
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladding_(construction)
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