Outline for Chemical Change

I) Types of change
a. Physical
b. Chemical
II) Why chemical changes occur
III) Describing chemical equations--Skeleton equations
IV) Balanced Equations
a. Law of Conservation of Mass (atoms)
b. Balancing equations
i. Make sure that you have the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of
the equation
ii. Balance oxygens last
iii. Balance hydrogens second last
iv. Odd/even double everything
V) Combination Reaction
a. 2 elements 1 compound
b. A + B AB
c. 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
VI) Decomposition
a. Opposite of combination
b. 1 compound 2 elements
c. AB A + B
d. 2HgO 2Hg + O2
VII) Single Replacement
a. Element + compound new element and new compound
b. A + BC AC + B
c. 2 AgNO3 + Zn Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
d. F2 + 2KI 2KF + I2
e. 2Na +2HOH 2NaOH + H2
f. Even though H is a non-metal, it often acts as a metal in single and double replacement
VIII) Double Replacement
a. 2 compounds (switch partners) 2 new compounds
b. HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH
c. CaCl2 + Na2CO3 2NaCl + CaCO3(s)
d. AB + CD AD + CB
IX) Combustion
a. Rapid combination of oxygen with a substance (exothermic)
b. Hydrocarbons: produce CO2 and H2O
c. Contains sulphur, get SO2
d. Contains nitrogen, get NO2
e. Combustion of an element is like combination.