I made this study in order to help those who dont understand anything about morphemes.

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- Roman Bautista (11-2-17)
This document will be frequently updated for any future tests for the following year.

Updated- nouns, verbs, & tenses (7:30 pm)

Morphemes
It is a meaningful linguistic unit consisting of a word (dog) or a word element (dog -s).

Free Morpheme is a word that can stand on its own as an independent word (cat).
Bound Morpheme cant stand alone as a word (cat -s).

Morphemes cant be found just by sounding out the syllables of a word but rather rely
on the meaning of the suffix, prefix or the root of the word. Each morpheme expresses
a distinct meaning that adds onto a Free Morpheme.

In the examples below, the separations are made in between the prefixes, suffixes and
the root word.

Example Sentence:
"I need to go now, but you can stay."

In this example, none of the morphemes can be separated into anything smaller than a
word. Just draw lines in between each word to receive full credit on the quiz (I think).

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 The following are from the classroom board:
I believe that you will get partial credit for what you do fill in. The first thing that you can
separate are the words therefore you can get easy points.

I | have | home|work | ever|y | day.

He | ha|d | write|r|s | block.

had as explained by Mr.B, is a combination of have + d, just as have + s are
used to make has.

I | brush | my | teeth.
Im not sure, but I believe that you must underline the vowels of a word if the tense of
that word has changed. The word my comes from me and teeth comes from
tooth.

I | love | her|ald|ry.

Two | men | in | black | ar|rive|d.

From what I vaguely remember, a- is a Greek prefix and if its in front of a consonant,
then you must repeat the letter after a. In this case you repeat the letter r from the
root word rive and you proceed to separate ar- from the rest of the sentence.

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Nouns/ Sentence Structure
A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns can function as object of a preposition,
subject or subject complement.
As far as I know, pronouns arent actually nouns so you wont need to underline them
on the test. (Pro- for, Con- against. Whats the opposite of progress?)
N Noun VL Linking verb DO Direct object P Preposition

S Subject VT Transitive IO Indirect OP Object of

verb object Prep.

SCPN Subject VI` Intransitive

Complement verb
Predicate
Nominative

SCPA Subject Inf. V Infinitive Yes Eventually

Complement Verb there there will be
Predicate (to + verb) will be a a ton of
Adjective lot more blanks that
you will
have to fill in
:D

VA Auxiliary
Verb
(Helping
Verbs)

Subject The person doing something (linking, transitive, intransitive,

auxiliary)

Direct Object Receiving the Transitive or Intransitive Verb

Indirect Object Receiving the Direct Object

Verb Action, Linking or Helping(Auxiliary- do, be, am, was, will, etc.)

Preposition Showing location or direction for an Object of Preposition

Subject Complement Additional description (Not Adjective) of the subject in a way that
describes the subjects role (President, genius, overachiever)

Adjective Physically describes something (blue, round, rubbery)

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*Brackets [ ] are used to show that it includes all the following words above
*Underline nouns, NOT pronouns
Examples:
Rachel is President
S VL SCPN

I find myself looking more forward to papers.

S VT DO [ Prepositional Phrase ] P OP

I attended the lectures and cultivated the acquaintance.

S V DO conj. V DO

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Nouns and Verbs (TEST 11-3-17) last update
(7:30 pm 11-2-17)
Make sure to underline Nouns and circle Verbs on the Test

When labeling the tense, be sure to include the word tense to get at least one point,
pay attention to the verbs

Nouns
Blanks refers to the amount of space it would take up on the test. Singular would be
written out as Sing. While Object of a Preposition is Obj. Prep. which would take 2
blanks.
Blanks COLORS SHOW RELATION PAY ATTENTION TO THE
COLORS

1 Singular- One or a unit or Plural- Multiple

1 Common- Not special or Proper- Unique (country, name,

etc.) Could have a capital letter

2 Direct Obj.- Receiving the Transitive or Indirect Obj.- Receiving the Direct
or Intransitive Verb Object

2 Obj. of Prep- object being told + Obj. + type of object

where it is +

2 Subject- The person is doing Predicate- Stating something

something (also a nominative) about the object

2 1st P (first person)- me, myself and I or 2nd P (second person) - ONLY you

3 3rd P (third person)- he, she, them + If the noun is one of the following,
(also considered a Pronoun, EXTRA + then it is also considered a
BLANK pron.) + personal noun (pers.)

3+1 Fem. (feminine)- has a female or Masc. (masculine)- has a male

3rd P connotation (she, her, hers) connotation (he, him, his)

2 Adjective- Describes something Compliment- a word or phrase that

(also considered a Modifier, EXTRA complete a verb predicate (1
BLANK modi.) blank)

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Must have at least one underneath the blanks
Noun or Verb

Form (verbs only, ex: past, future, or

present + form) 2 blanks

Singular (noun) or Plural (noun)

Verbs
Blanks

1 Past or Future

Present

1 Gerund- Ends with -ing, Auxiliary (Helping)- Can be used to

Progressive determine the tense of the sentence
(was, is, will)

1 Linking- Leading to another verb or Action- doing something

(some form of be)

1 Participle- A verb being used as Modal- denoting the mood of a verb

an adjective or noun
[broke (verb)broken (adj.),
breed (verb)breeding (noun)]

1 Transitive- able to take a direct or Intransitive- Doesnt need a Direct

object (expressed or implied) Object to make the sentence
(She had food. Complete) complete (I eat.)
(She had. Incomplete)

3 Main- shows the action of the

blanks subject (If this appears on the
test, it WILL also be Simp. &
Pred.) takes up 3 blanks

1 Predicate- State something

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 about the subject of the
sentence

Tense (image with all possible combinations on the next page)

On the test, Continuous is written as Progressive (Prog.)
Past, Present, or Future X Simple, Progressive, Perfect, or Perfect Progressive +
Tense = ______, ______, Tense
Perfect- has some form of the word have (has, have, had, havent, etc.)

She had given me a red cotton handkerchief. (Past Perf. Tense)

3rd. Past past 1p. (adj) (adj) sing. sing
Sing. form. Part. sing comm. comm.
Form trans. Form obj noun. noun
Nom. action Trans. pers adj. dir.
Pers. verb action pron modi. obj.
Pron. aux. Verb indir.
Simp. main

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 Subj. simp.
Compl. Pred
The doctor recommended me to walk every evening.

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