Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs
Module 1:Phrasal Verbs with "On"

In this Module, we will look at phrasal verbs with the preposition "on". There are many such
phrasal verbs, and they may be difficult to remember if unorganized. To make it easier for you
to remember, I have grouped the most common phrasal verbs with "on" into five units
according to their meanings.
Unit 1.1 - "On" meaning "Beginning"

• Guess the meanings of the phrasal verbs from context:
o The street lights come on at 6 p.m. every evening.

o Alzheimer's Disease tends to come on gradually in elderly people.
o Headaches are often brought on by stress.
All these 3 phrasal verbs have the meaning of "to start" or "to begin". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
[For utility supplies, e.g. water, electricity] To start working

>> The street lights come on at 6 p.m. every evening.
>> The heat didn't come on because I forgot to pay the electricity bill!
[For radio or television programs] To start being broadcast

Come on
>> The baseball game comes on after the news.
(inseparable)
>> "What's coming on next?" "NHK Drama."
[For illnesses, feelings, or moods] To start

>> Alzheimer's Disease tends to come on gradually in elderly people.
>> After a long day, I can feel a headache coming on.
To become popular
Catch on
>> Eating tofu has really caught on in North America.
(inseparable)
>> It seems that learning English online has caught on in Japan.
Bring on To make something unpleasant start
(separable) >> Headaches are often brought on by stress.
>> Her depression was brought on by the death of her husband.
• Exercises:
o Fill in the missing words:
 Yoga has recently in North America.
 Hurry up! Our favorite TV program is in 5

minutes!
 I think my cold was by overworking and a lack
of sleep recently.
 How neat! The lights automatically the moment

you enter the room!
o Complete the following dialog:
 A: Our boss lost his temper this morning!
 B: What that ?
 A: Probably his cold. I heard that he forgot to pay the electricity
bill last month, that's why the heat didn't at night, and
that his cold!

 B: No kidding!
 A: Oh, I'd better get going. I have to get home before 6.
 B: What's the hurry? Let's go out for a drink.
 A: No, not today. The hockey game is at 6. I

don't want to miss that.
Unit 1.2 - "On" meaning "Continuing with Something"

o The lecture was so boring! It dragged on for hours!

o Keep on trying! Don't give up!
o The celebration went on for days.
o Students have to stay on at school until they are 16.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "to continue". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
[For something unpleasant] To continue for too long

Drag on
>> The war in Iraq has already dragged on for a year and could drag on for a
(inseparable)
few more years. [often + for]
Keep on To continue to do something, or to do something repeatedly
(inseparable) >> How annoying! My neighbor kept on asking me personal questions.
Go on To continue
(inseparable) >> The music festival goes on until August 31.
To stay in a place longer than you planned or after other people have left it
>> My husband left Japan last week but I stayed on for an extra day.
Stay on To continue to study at school or university in order to get a higher

(inseparable) qualification
>> My father wants me to stay on at school although I want to quit.
To continue working in your job

>> She wants to retire, but her boss wants her to stay on for another year.
• Exercises:
 This movie was really long and boring. It for 3

hours.
 Don't quit school. until you graduate.
 You want to be a great pianist, don't you? If so,

with your practice. Don't stop!
 The summer festival in Toronto for 2 weeks in

August.
 I tried to calm the baby down, but she crying.
 Dad: How's school these days?

 Son: This semester seems extremely long. It seems to
forever!
 Dad: Why's that so?
 Son: I don't know... I'm so tired ... Sometimes I don't feel like
at school. I just wanna quit and get a job.

 Dad: Don't complaining! I work very hard to put
you through college, you know!
 Son: OK, OK! You've told me many times! You don't have to
telling me that!
 Dad: I just want the best for you, son! at
school is the best for you right now. Trust me.
Unit 1.3 - "On" meaning "Progressing"

o How's your new website coming on? When will it be finished?

o How are you getting on with your English writing course?
o I have decided to quit my job. I think it's time for me to move on.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "to progress". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Come on To improve a skill, or to make progress (we can also use come along)
(inseparable) >>How's your new novel coming on?
>>Since changing his coach, his swimming skill has come on in leaps and
bounds. (= improved very quickly)
To deal with a situation (we can also use get along)
Get on
>>She seems to be getting on fine at school. [often in continuous tenses]
(inseparable)
>>How are you getting on with the painting?
To leave the place where you have been staying and go somewhere else
>>I'd been in Paris long enough and thought it was time to move on.
To start doing a new activity

Move on >>After three years working as a junior reporter, she was ready to move on.
(inseparable) >>We're about to move on to the second stage of the project.
To become better or more advanced

>>You can now phone abroad in seconds - things have really moved on from
the days when you had to wait hours to be connected.
• Exercises:
 The world has and progressed, but time seems to have

stood still in this small village.
 After working 20 years for a small company, Tom has finally decided to
to something else.
 After taking a short break, I am now ready to with my
writing.
 How's the new project ?

 Dan: Hi, nice to meet you. I'm your new next door neighbor.
 Jan: Hi, nice to meet you. Where are you from?
 Dan: Pi Pi Island.
 Jan: So what brought you to this big city?
 Dan: Well, I have lived on the island for over 10 years, so it's time to
.
 Jan: How are you ?
 Dan: Oh, I'm just fine. Actually, since moving here,
my driving skill has tremendously.

 Jan: Oh?
 Dan: People still ride their bicycles on Pi Pi Island. There are no cars!
 Jan: Wow! That's unbelievable!
 Dan: Yeah. Since moving here, I truly feel that the world has
a great deal for the past 10 years. Time seemed to have

stood still on Pi Pi Island!
Unit 1.4 - "On" meaning "Wearing"

o It's cold outside. Put on a jacket.
o Excuse me, can I try these pants on?
o I got up late this morning, so I just threw on a simple dress and rushed
to work.
o Eager to go out, she slipped on her shoes and ran downstairs.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "to wear". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To put a piece of clothing onto your body

>>Put your coat on if you're going outside, it's cold.
Put on >>She put on her glasses and stared intently at the photograph.
(separable)
To put make-up or cream onto your skin
>>Is there a mirror somewhere? I need to put my make-up on.
To put on a piece of clothing to find out whether it fits you or whether you like
Try on
it, especially before buying it
(separable)
>>Why don't you try on those yellow trousers?
Throw on To put on a piece of clothing quickly and not very carefully

(separable) >>I'll just throw on a jacket and then I'll be with you.
Slip on To put on shoes, clothes, or a piece of clothing quickly
(separable) >>She slipped on her shoes and ran out to meet him.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following dialogs:

 A: Let's go out for a walk.
 B: Sure. I'll just a pair of walking shoes and I'll be right

with you.
 A: Can I this dress?

 B: Of course. The fitting rooms are over there.
 A: It's very sunny today.
 B: Yeah. Before you go outside, don't forget to some

sunscreen.
 A: I already did. I think I'll a hat too.

 B: Good idea.
 A: Hurry up! We are late!
 B: OK, OK! I'll just a scarf and a coat and I'll be ready!
Unit 1.5 - "On": Other meanings
1. Someone fell into the river! Don't just look on! Do something to help!
2. Many people look down on the poor and the uneducated.
3. I feel sorry for that small boy. He is always being picked on by bigger
and older kids at school.
4. Due to expansion, our company has decided to take on five more
salespersons next month.
See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Look on To watch an activity or event without becoming involved in it

(inseparable) >>Demonstrators tore down the statue as police calmly looked on.
To feel someone or something is inferior or contemptible

Look down on
>>You shouldn't look down on him just because he is unemployed.
(inseparable)
>>She tends to look down on anything that is made in China.
To criticize or bully someone, who usually is smaller or weaker than you

Pick on
>>He was picked on at school because he was much smaller than the
(inseparable)
other kids.
To begin to employ someone
>>We usually take on extra staff over Christmas.
>>They only took her on because she's the manager's niece.
Take on
(separable)
To compete against someone or fight someone
>>I might take you on at tennis some time.
>>The government took on the unions and won.
• Exercises:
 A: I heard that you're a good chess player.
 B: Well, I'm not too bad. Want to me ?

 A: Uh... not now, maybe later.
 A: I really hate being the youngest in the family.

 B: Why?
 A: My older brothers and sisters are always me! The

other day, my older brother was punching and hitting me, and my sister
just .
 B: That's terrible!
 A: Look! Those teenagers are that poor homeless

man again!
 B: I feel so sorry for the man. Everybody him.
 A: Let's not just . Let's go and help the poor man out.
 B: Are you kidding? Are you going to those teenagers?

They... they look threatening to me. They are scary!
 A: Oh, come on! Don't be such a wimp! Let's go!
Module 2: Phrasal Verbs with "In"

In this Module, we will look at phrasal verbs with the preposition "in". The most important
meanings of "in" are shown below. As you can imagine, there are many phrasal verbs with "in",
so only the most common ones have been selected and grouped into six units according to their
meanings.
Unit 2.1 - "In" meaning "Arriving" or "Entering"

o Come in and take a look at my newly decorated house!

o I need to drop in at the store to get some milk.
o Hey! That's John's house over there. Let's pop in for a chat.
o The train was late yesterday so I didn't get in until 7 pm.
o As soon as the gates opened, visitors started pouring in.
o I checked in at 6 yesterday, and then I went to the restaurant in the hotel
for a quick dinner.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "arriving" or "entering". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To enter a room or building

Come in
>>She knocked on the door and a voice from inside shouted 'Come in!' [often
(inseparable)
an order]
To make a short visit to someone in their home, usually without arranging it

before (informal)
Drop in >>Just drop in whenever you're in the area.
(inseparable)
To go into a place [e.g. shop, library, pub] for a short time
>>I need to drop in at the bank on my way home.
Pop in To go into a place, especially a friend's house, just for a short time (informal)
(inseparable) >>If you're passing by you should pop in for a chat some time.
To arrive at your home or at the place where you work
>>What time did John get in last night?
[For trains, planes, or other vehicles] To arrive

Get in
>>What time does your train get in?
(inseparable)
>>His plane doesn't get in till ten o'clock.
To succeed in entering a place, especially a building

>>I used Bob's keys to get in.
Pour in To arrive or enter somewhere in very large numbers

(inseparable) >>Letters have poured in congratulating us on our success.
Check in To arrive at a hotel and register to get a key for your room
(inseparable) >>After checking in, I had a shower and then unpacked my suitcase.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following telephone conversation:

 Sam: Hello?
 Jim: Hi, Sam? It's Jim. I'm here!
 Sam: Hi, Jim! What time did you arrive yesterday?
 Jim: Well, my plane at 3 p.m.

 Sam: Did you go directly to the hotel then?
 Jim: Yes. I went to the hotel, , had a quick bite to eat,
and then I at the bank to cash some travelers' checks.

 Sam: Good! Well, what's your plan for today?
 Jim: I want to go downtown.
 Sam: Hey! If you happen to pass by Queen's Street, and

have a chat.
 Jim: Sure. Will do.
Unit 2.2 - "In" meaning "Beginning"

1. I am glad that the government has finally brought in legislation to control

the activities of the motorbike gangs.
2. Our company is changing its computer system - the new system will be
phased in over one year.
3. It's July and the rainy season has set in.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "beginning". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Bring in To make something new for the first time (e.g. new law or rule)
(separable) >>The government will bring in legislation to restrict the sale of guns.
Phase in To make a new system, process, or law gradually begin to happen or exist
(separable) >>The new tax will be phased in over five years.
Set in To begin and seem likely to continue

(inseparable) >>This rain looks as if it has set in for the rest of the day.
• Exercise:
o Choose the correct phrasal verb for each sentence:
1. The cold and snowy weather has for the winter.
2. The Ontario Government has new legislation to ban

smoking in bars.
3. The computerized voting system will be over a period

of five years.
Unit 2.3 - "In" meaning "Being Involved"

1. I don't know what to do. Let's call in John - he's the expert.
2. Can you fill in for me for a couple of hours while I'm at the dentist's?
3. Last week I have put in over 60 hours of work.
4. Let's join in the football game - it's fun!
5. He's going in for the Bar Exam next month and is a bit nervous.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "being involved". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To ask someone to come to help in a difficult situation

Call in
>>The FBI was called in to conduct a fresh inquiry.
(separable)
>>The police called him in for questioning.
To do someone else's work for them because they cannot or will not do it
Fill in
(inseparable) themselves
>>Janet filled in while her boss was away on holiday.
Put in To spend a lot of time or effort doing something
(inseparable) >>Many charities rely on volunteers who put in hours of unpaid work.
Join in To get involved in an activity with other people
(inseparable) >>She watches the other kids playing but she never joins in.
Go in for To compete in a competition, or to do an exam
(inseparable) >>Are you going in for the TOEIC exam this month?
• Exercise:
o Complete the following conversation:
 Sam: How are you these days?

 Jim: Very busy.
 Sam: Yeah? With what?
 Jim: Well, first, I have to for my partner because he is
away. Last week, I 15 hours of overtime work!

 Sam: Wow!
 Jim: Yeah! To make things worse, our computer system broke down
and we had to two technicians to fix it. They also
2 days of work to get everything fixed.

 Sam: It sounds chaotic!
 Jim: Not only that, I'm planning to the 15K race next
month, so I am training very hard every day.
 Sam: Oh? I didn't know that you are into running races.
 Jim: I am! It's fun. Why don't you ?
Unit 2.4 - "In" meaning "Collapsing" or "Surrendering"

1. At first her father didn't allow her to go to Iraq, but after hours of discussions, he
finally caved in.
2. I'm exhausted - the hike and the hot weather really did me in.
3. Don't give in to every demand that your child makes, otherwise you'll spoil him.
4. I am bored - I want to chuck everything in and move to live in another country.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "collapsing" or "surrendering". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To agree to something that you were against before, after someone has
Cave in
persuaded you or threatened you
(inseparable)
>>The government are firm and they will not cave in to the terrorists' threats.
Do in To make someone extremely tired (informal)

(separable) >>That walk's completely done me in.
To finally agree to what someone demands
>>He nagged me so much to buy him a new bike that eventually I just gave in.
>>The government cannot be seen to give in to terrorists' demands.
Give in
(inseparable) To accept that you have been defeated and agree to stop competing or
fighting
>>She knew she'd lost the argument but she wouldn't give in.
>>You'll never guess the answer. Do you give in?
To stop doing an activity (usually a job or a course) and to leave the place
Chuck in
where you were doing it
(separable)
>>He chucked in his job to travel round the world.
• Exercise:
 Bill: Oh, I am !
 Jun: What happened?
 Bill: I've just spent 8 hours negotiating with the workers. They kept
asking for more benefits and longer holidays. They wouldn't
.
 Jun: So did you agree to their demands?
 Bill: Well, at one point, I was so tired that I almost , but I

didn't.
 Jun: So, what's going to happen next?
 Bill: I guess we have to continue the negotiation tomorrow. You know,
sometimes I feel like my job and moving to a tropical

island!
 Jun: Yeah, I know what you mean.
Unit 2.5 - "In" meaning "Understanding"

1. When I saw all the damaged houses, the seriousness of the earthquake
finally sank in.
2. It was a very informative presentation but I didn't take in everything.
These two phrasal verbs have the meaning of "understanding". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Sink in To gradually start to realize or understand that something has happened

(inseparable) >>It still hasn't really sunk in that I'm never going to see her again.
Take in To understand the meaning or importance of news or information, or to

understand and remember facts
(separable)
>>She had to read the letter twice before she could take the news in.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences with a suitable phrasal verb:
 It was quite an interesting lecture but there was just too much to
.
 It was a few minutes before the news of his death finally .
Module 3: Phrasal Verbs with "Up"

Up combines with a number of verbs to form numerous phrasal verbs. The most important
meanings of "up" are shown below.
Unit 3.1 - "Up" meaning "Increasing" or "Improving"

1. Prices have gone up because of inflation.

2. She was born and grew up in New Zealand.
3. Business is finally picking up after the recession.
4. Bad harvest this year has pushed up the price of rice.
5. Speed up! We are late.
6. Our landlord has just bumped the rent up by $100.
7. I need to brush up on my Japanese before visiting Japan.
8. He failed the test so I took him out for lunch to cheer him up.
9. I plan to spend the summer doing up my house.
10. Most people dress up to attend a wedding ceremony.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "increasing" (in amount, rate, prices, etc.)
or "improving" (in appearance, skills, feelings). See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To increase (used with an amount, rate, or standard)

Go up >>The government is trying to prevent interest rates from going up.
(inseparable) >>The gasoline price has gone up by five cents a liter.
Grow up To gradually change from being a child to being an adult

(inseparable) >>What do you want to be when you grow up?
Pick up To improve or increase after a bad period

(separable) >>In the past few months, house sales have started to pick up again.
Push up To increase the amount, number, or value of something
(separable) >>Increases in indirect taxes will push inflation up.
Speed up To happen or move more quickly

(separable) >>You can speed up the application process by faxing us your form.
Bump up To increase the size or amount of something [e.g. price] by a large amount
(separable) >>Leather seats will bump up the price of the car to $15,995.
To practice and improve your skills or your knowledge of something that you
Brush up on learned before but have partly forgotten
(inseparable) >>He was hoping to brush up on his Italian before our trip.
To start to feel happier

Cheer up >>We sent some flowers to the hospital to cheer her up.
(separable) >>Cheer up! It's not the end of the world!
Do up To repair or improve the looks of something [e.g. a building]

(separable) >>She and her husband were planning to buy an old house and do it up.
To put on formal or special clothes for a special occasion
Dress up >>John dressed up for the big occasion.
(separable) >>When I was small, my mother would dress me up in pretty dresses.
• Exercises:
o Complete the following conversations:
 Sam: John! What's the matter? You look depressed.
 John: Well, my landlord has just my rent to $1800 a

month.
 Sam: Oh dear. How much was the rent before the increase?
 John: $1500 a month.
 Sam: Wow! It has quite a bit!
 John: Exactly! High demand recently has apartment
rents. I have been thinking of buying an old house and it
, but my business is not doing so well, so I don't have

enough money.
 Sam: Oh, ! I think business will soon

now that the recession is over.
 John: I really hope so.
 Ann: You're all ! Are you going out on a date?

 Jun: No. I'm going to meet my friend Yuko.
 Ann: Is she Japanese?
 Jun: Yes.
 Ann: Well, have you been your Japanese lately?

 Jun: No. Yuko in Los Angeles, so she can speak
English.
 Ann: I see. So why is she in town?
 Jun: Well, she is applying for a job here, and to things
, she is handing in her application in person.
Unit 3.2 - "Up" meaning "Completing" or "Finishing"

1. Don't use up all the milk - we need some for breakfast.

2. It's 5:00 p.m., let's wind up the meeting and go home.
3. I'm glad that my headache cleared up after a good night sleep.
4. We'll have to clear up before my parents come home.
5. Drink your coffee up before it gets cold.
6. After years of neglected health, he ended up with a serious heart
problem.
7. In business situations, it is better to follow up a telephone conversation
by an email or letter.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "completing" or "finishing". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Use up To finish a supply of something

(separable) >>The earth's resources are being used up at an alarming rate.
To finish an activity
>>We started to wind up the interview.
Wind up >>You need to wind up now, we've only got five minutes.
(separable)
To close a business or organization
>>Lawyers were called in to wind up the company.
[For an illness] It goes away
>>After several days the infection started to clear up.
>>I'll give you something which should clear that up very quickly.
Clear up
(separable) To make a place tidy and clean, especially by putting things where they
usually belong
>>Can you clear up that mess in the kitchen before you go out?
Drink up To completely finish your drink

(separable) >>We'd better drink up - it looks like the pub's about to close.
To finally be in a particular place, state, or situation, especially without having
End up planned it
(inseparable) >>I lost my way while hiking and ended up in a dark forest.
>>He ended up with an alcohol problem.
To increase the effectiveness of something by taking further action

Follow up >>We are worried that terrorists will follow up their threats with bomb attacks.
(separable)
• Exercises:
o Complete the sentences with a suitable phrasal verb:
 Natural resources are being too rapidly. We all
have to conserve, otherwise we will with a serious

shortage problem.
 She went shopping and all her money. She
having to walk home.

 It's getting late, let's our coffee and go home.
 If you make a hotel booking by phone, it
with written confirmation.

 His business was a failure. He having to
his company.
 Husband: Good morning. Are you feeling better today?
 Wife: Yes, my cold seems to have .
 Husband: Good! I've made you some tea.

before it gets cold.
 Wife: Thank you! Oh! Did you wash all the dishes in the
sink?
 Husband: Yes. I the mess last night before I

went to bed.
 Wife: You're such a darling!
Unit 3.3 - "Up" meaning "Damaging" or "Disrupting"

1. He drove over a land mine and his jeep blew up.

2. The vase fell to the ground and broke up into pieces.
3. The match was held up for ten minutes because of the rain.
4. The strong wind has messed up my hair.
5. These name cards are arranged in alphabetical order so don't mix them
up.
6. He seldom made mistakes in the past, but recently he slips up from time
to time.
7. Drugs like heroin and cocaine can really screw your body up.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "damaging" or "disrupting". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Blow up To destroy something or kill someone with a bomb

(separable) >>The man threatened to blow himself up rather than surrender.
To break into many pieces, or to break something into many pieces
Break up
>>We had to break the old fireplace up before we could move it from the
(separable)
house.
The ending of a marriage or romantic relationship
>>He started drinking heavily after his marriage broke up.
Break up
(inseparable)
Similar:
Split up
To delay something or someone
Hold up >>Lack of funding could hold up the building of the new library.
(separable) >>I was late for the meeting because I got held up in the traffic.
To spoil or damage something, or to do something badly

Mess up >>You don't want to mess up your career, do you?
(separable) >>It's the politicians who always mess things up for the citizens.
To cause a group of things to be untidily arranged

>>I've just spent two hours sorting those papers so please don't mix them up.
Mix up
(separable) To be confused
>>The twins look so much alike that I always mix them up.
Slip up To make a mistake (informal)

(inseparable) >>The project failed miserably - have we slipped up somewhere?
Screw up To make a mistake, or to damage or spoil something (informal)
(separable) >>If you screw up again, you'll be in trouble!
• Exercise:
o Complete each sentence with a suitable phrasal verb:
 The terrorists the plane killing everyone on board.

 Mr. Brown called and said he would be a few minutes late because he
had been by traffic.
 The calculations are wrong. I think we must have

somewhere.
 She made friends with some bad people and her life.
 I didn't go to this morning's meeting - I got ; I thought it

was this afternoon.
 I was so surprised that John and her girlfriend .

They seemed to be so happy together.
 Someone's again! This report has lots of mistakes in

it.
 The Titanic hit an iceberg, into two, and sank to the

bottom of the ocean.
 The strong wind my hair.
 "Did you pass the exam?" "No, I really it ."
Unit 3.4 - "Up" meaning "Happening" or "Making/Creating"

1. There are several points I'd like to bring up at the meeting tomorrow.
2. I'm sorry I can't go out with you tonight - something has come up.
3. Who came up with this stupid idea?
4. He kept thinking up ways that he could make money without working
too hard.
5. His life story is not true - he made it up!
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "happening" or "making/creating". See
Explanations
• Explanations:
To start to talk about a particular subject

Bring up >>She brought the matter up at the wrong time and got everyone angry.
(separable) >>Don't bring up the subject of politics tomorrow - John doesn't like
discussing politics at dinner time.
[A problem or difficult situation] happens when you do not expect it
>>You can phone Steve if a problem comes up with your computer.
[A subject e.g. issue, name] is discussed or mentioned

>>The issue of safety came up twice during the meeting.
>>We were discussing who would be suitable for the job, and your name
Come up came up.
(inseparable)
[A job or opportunity] becomes available
>>A job has come up in the sales department. Are you interested in applying?
>>When the opportunity to perform on stage came up, she took it
immediately.
To think of or to suggest a plan or idea, a solution to a problem, or an answer

to a question
>>I have been thinking hard but I just can't come up with a slogan for my new
Come up product.
with >>Experts have failed to come up with an explanation of why the explosion
(inseparable) happened.
To produce or contribute something
>>Each member needs to come up with $450 to pay for the trip.
Think up To create an idea or plan by using your imagination and intelligence

(separable) >>What a brilliant idea! Did you think it up by yourself?
To invent a story or lie
Make up >>Can't you make up an excuse?
(separable) >>Sometimes I'll read her a story from a book and sometimes I'll make one
up.
• Exercises:
o Complete the following conversations:
 Sam: Jim has invited us to his birthday party next Saturday.
 Ann: Oh, I don't want to go. Let's an excuse.
 Sam: Hmm...I can't anything convincing.
 Bob: Let me show you my new computer program.
 Ian: Hey! It's really neat! Did you this all by

yourself?
 Bob: Yes, I did.
 Ian: How did you such a great idea? You know, a
job has in our company's IT department, you should apply

for it. I think you will be a great computer programmer.
 Mary: John, please go to see Mr. Jones in his office. Something urgent
seems to have .
 John: Oh! I'm busy! Call him back and say I can't go.
an excuse, OK?
 Mary: John, I hate to this , but you always

ask me to lie for you. I don't like that.
Unit 3.5 - "Up" meaning "Approaching" or "Reaching"

1. He went up to the microphone and announced the winners of the

competition.
2. It was so cold that I drew the chair up and sat closer to the fireplace.
3. She stopped walking so that her kid could catch her up.
4. John has to face up to the fact that his business is not going to be
successful.
5. The first time I started teaching online, I came up against numerous
technical problems.
6. The movie did not live up to my expectations.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of physically approaching something or
someone, or approaching and dealing with problems and reaching certain
expectations. See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To approach someone or something

Go up >>After the concert, several members of the audience went up to
(inseparable) congratulate her.
Draw up To move a piece of furniture [esp. chair] near to something or someone

(separable) >>Their card game looked interesting so I drew up a chair to watch.
To reach someone in front of you by moving faster

Catch up >>He caught up with the other runners on the last lap.
(separable) >>You go on ahead, and I'll catch you up later.
To accept that a difficult or unpleasant situation exists

>>She refuses to face up to reality and still believes the project will be a
Face up to success.
(inseparable) >>You're going to have to face up to the fact that you're not going to get that
job.
Come up To have to deal with a difficult situation or someone who disagrees with you
against >>When he started his business, he came up against many problems.
(inseparable)
Live up to To be as good as they were expected to be
(inseparable) >>Did the trip live up to your expectations?
• Exercise:
o Complete each sentence with a suitable phrasal verb:
 This restaurant doesn't our expectations - the food is

not too good.
 She has to the fact that her husband doesn't love her
anymore.
 Don't run away from your problems - them.
 She has succeeded in her reputation as a first-class

model.
 Don't just stand by the door. a chair and let's have a chat.
 Don't walk so fast! I can't you .
 I and had a discussion with my professor after his lecture.

 This movie was not as good as the critics said. It certainly didn't
my expectations.
 When I first went to Japan, I numerous problems.
Unit 3.6 - "Up" meaning "Preparing"

1. Shall we warm up first before going for a jog?

2. The government drew up a detailed plan to revive the economy.
3. A special committee has been set up to look into the disaster.
4. Before asking his mother for more allowance, John tried to soften her
up by helping her clean the house.
5. I'd like to meet Mr. Jones to talk about our new project. Can you fix up a
meeting for next Monday?
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of preparing or arranging for something. See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Warm up To get ready (usually to do exercises before a game)

(inseparable) >>I always warm up before I start playing tennis.
To prepare something [e.g. list, plan, contract] by writing it
Draw up >>The new agreement was drawn up in secret by the Health Minister.
(separable) >>I've drawn up a list of candidates I'd like to interview.
To start a company or organization
Set up >>At the age of 19 he set up an online business.
(separable) >>A committee has been set up to investigate the problem.
To do things that will please someone so that they will do what you want
Soften up
>>She tried to soften him up with a nice meal before asking him to help her
(separable)
paint her house.
To arrange something [esp. meeting]
Fix up >>I'd like to fix up a meeting with you for some time next week if that's
(separable) possible.
• Exercise:
o Complete the sentences with a suitable phrase verb:
 I always spend ten minutes before a race.
 She's me for something: I wish I knew

what it was.
 Could you a list of what we need for our trip?
 I my own English Language School last year.
 The lawyer a contract for the two companies to sign.
 My secretary will a taxi for you.
 They jogged around the track three times to .
 We will have to him first, before we ask him

for a raise.
 The government has a special committee to deal with the

garbage problem.
 Have you done anything about a place for Mr. Brown to

stay while he's in town?
Unit 3.7 - "Up": Other Meanings

1. He was supposed to be here at 8 o'clock and he didn't show up till ten.

2. I would like to take up singing as a hobby.
3. Please be quick, you are taking up my time!
4. I can't put up with loud music.
5. To make up for his rude behavior yesterday, he took me out for dinner.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of preparing or arranging for something. See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To arrive (informal)
Show up >>She didn't show up for the meeting.
(inseparable) >>Do I have to make an appointment to see the doctor or do I just show up at
the clinic?
To start doing a particular job or activity
>>He's taken up golf in his spare time.
>>Have you ever thought of taking up acting?
Take up
(separable) To use a particular amount of time, space or effort
>>This desk takes up too much room.
>>I'll be quick, I don't want to take up too much of your time.
>>His day was completely taken up with meetings.
To endure an unpleasant behavior or an unpleasant situation

Put up with >>I can't put up with a dirty house.
(inseparable) >>He's so rude! How can you put up with him?
To compensate for
Make up for >>This year's good harvest will make up for last year's bad one.
(inseparable) >>He bought me dinner to make up for being late the day before.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences with a suitable phrase verb:
 He's not easy to live with - I think Mary a lot.
 My brother has decided to accounting as a career.
 We can't buy this couch - it's too big! It will the whole
room.
 She is not too reliable. I wonder if she will for the

interview.
 I don't like heavy metal. I can't the noise.
Module 4: Phrasal Verbs with "Down"

Down combines with a number of verbs to form meanings such as to decrease, or to destroy, to
write, or to defeat. The most important meanings of "down" are shown below.
Unit 4.1 - "Down" meaning "Decreasing" or "Reducing"

1. The government should do something to bring down the oil price.

2. The little kid was so upset that I couldn't calm him down.
3. After going on a diet for 3 months, her weight finally came down.
4. The government raised interest rate to cool down the real estate market.
5. The school has cut down the number of students in each class to 20.
6. Public interests in the new Prime Minister have died down.
7. The government should do something to keep inflation down.
8. The baby is sleeping so please keep the noise down.
9. We have narrowed the list of job applicants down to three.
10. He was trying hard to play down the financial difficulties of his company.
11. The sports center is scaling down children's programs because it is
short of money.
12. Slow down, I can't keep up with you.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "decreasing" or "reducing" (in amount,
rate, prices, etc.). See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To reduce the amount, rate, or level of something

Bring down >>The government is trying to bring down inflation.
(separable) >>Her doctor gave her some medicine to bring her blood pressure down.
To stop feeling upset, or excited

Calm down >>Calm down. There's no point worrying about it now.
(separable) >>She was so annoyed - it took me half an hour to calm her down.
To become lower (for prices etc.)

Come down >>Property prices have come down dramatically over the last few months.
(inseparable) >>Strawberries usually come down (= get cheaper) at this time of year.
To slow or stop the development of something

Cool down
>>Higher tax should cool down the stock market.
(separable)
To reduce the amount or number of something

Cut down >>They've cut her hours down at work so she doesn't have much money.
(separable) >>This article is too long, you have to cut it down.
[For sound, wind, emotions, etc.] To gradually becomes less strong until it
Die down stops
(inseparable) >>When the applause had died down he started to speak.
>>Eventually the fuss will die down and everything will return to normal.
To stop the number, level, or size of something from increasing

>>I have to exercise to keep my weight down.
Keep down
(separable) [For music, voice] To stop it from becoming too loud
>>Keep your voice down, would you?
>>Could you keep the noise down? I'm trying to sleep.
To make something [e.g. list, choice, option] smaller and clearer by removing
Narrow down the things that are less important
(separable) >>The police department attempted to narrow down the list of suspects.
>>The committee had narrowed the choices down to two.
Play down To try to make people believe that something is not very important
(separable) >>The police tried to play down the seriousness of the incident.
Scale down To make something [e.g. project, production, budget] smaller

(separable) >>Many countries have scaled down their armed forces after the war.
To become slower, or to make something or someone slower
Slow down >>I was carrying some heavy bags so that slowed me down.
(separate) >>It seems likely that the economy will slow down over the next twelve
months.
• Exercises:
o Complete the following sentences using a suitable phrasal verb:
 You need to a bit or you'll be stressed out!
 Can you the noise? I'm trying to study.
 House prices have quite a bit so we decided to buy our

first house.
 The excitement of being a journalist has finally after 3

months on the job.
 He is trying to his weight from 80 kg to 70 kg.
 Bill: John! ! Why are you so mad?
 John: My boss has my hours to half!

 Bill: Oh dear! Why?
 John: Well, he tried to it by saying that he
had to costs , and so he wanted to
his projects. But I have a feeling that actually he's
his business.
 Bill: That's too bad. Are you going to look for another job then?
 John: Yes. Actually I'm going for a job interview next week. The
company told me that there were 50 applicants, but they
them to two, so I have a 50% chance of getting the job.

 Bill: That's great! Well, good luck!
Unit 4.2 - "Down" meaning "Failing" or "Destroying"
1. My computer broke down when I was having an online lesson.

2. Negotiations between the workers and the company broke down. It
seems that a strike is unavoidable.
3. He is a nice friend. He has never let me down.
4. The factory was forced to close down due to recession.
5. The Prime Minister was forced to step down after the scandal.
6. I turned down his invitation for Saturday. I'd rather stay home.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "failing" or "destroying". See Explanations

• Explanations:
[Machines, vehicles, etc.] To stop working

>>His car broke down on the way to work.
>>The washing machine has broken down so I have to wash all our clothes
by hand.
Break down [A discussion, system, or relationship] To fail because of a disagreement or

(inseparable) problem
>>Talks between the two countries broke down when the two sides failed to
reach an agreement.
>>One in three marriages in North America breaks down and ends in divorce.
Let down To disappoint someone

(separable) >>He is a competent worker. He will never let the company down.
[A business or organization] To stop doing business

Close down >>Many stores close down during the New Year holiday.
(separable) >>I don't understand why we can't keep the park and close down that ugly
factory.
To leave a job for someone else to take over

Step down >>Due to increasing pressure from his own company, Ron is to step down as
(inseparable) chairman of the Board of Directors.
Turn down To refuse an offer or request

(separable) >>She applied for the job at the university but she was turned down.
• Exercises:

 Good news! They have finally decided to that old
factory and build a memorial park on that site.
 Do you think the Prime Minister will because of the

latest scandal?
 Peace talks in the Middle East have again, and there

is more violence in the area.
 I was offered a job in Tokyo but I it because I

didn't want to move there.
o Complete the following dialog using a suitable phrasal verb:
 Mary: I've been waiting for you for half an hour!
 Paul: Sorry! My car on the way.

 Mary: I thought you were not going to show up.
 Paul: Not showing up? No! You know I won't you
. I know you want to see the movie very much.

 Mary: Well, I'm sorry that I doubted you. Let me buy you dinner tonight,
OK?
 Paul: Hey, sure! I won't such a nice offer!
Unit 4.3 - "Down" meaning "Writing"

1. Can I borrow a piece of paper? I want to take down the main points of
his presentation.
2. Please put down the price in this column, and the item number here.
3. I scribbled the recipe down while watching the cooking show but now I
can't read what I've written!
4. This will go down as one of the most important soccer matches ever
played.
5. There are laws which lay down what an employee should and should
not do.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "writing". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To listen to something, and to write it down or record it

Take down >>The police officer took my name and address down and said that he
(separable) would contact me shortly.
>>Are you taking down what the professor is saying?
To write something [e.g. words or numbers] somewhere
>>If anyone wants to go to the seminar on Friday afternoon, could they put
Put down their name down on this list, please?
(separable) >>There are feelings you can't talk about and sometimes it helps to put it all
down on paper.
To write something very quickly on a piece of paper

>>I scribbled down his address in the back of my diary.
Scribble down
(separable)
Similar expression:
Jot down
To be regarded, remembered, or recorded in a particular way
Go down >>He will go down in history as one of the best baseball players in the 20th
(inseparable) century.
To officially establish a rule, regulation, etc.

Lay down >>The military authorities have laid down strict rules which must be followed.
(separable)
• Exercise:
o Choose a phrasal verb for each sentence:
 He told her that he would just like to her name and

address.
 The policy has been and agreed for many years.
 The riot will in history as the most violent in the past 50

years.
 Please your personal information on page one of

this application form.
 In a hurry, I his phone number on a piece of paper

and now I can't find it!
Unit 4.4 - "Down" meaning "Defeating" or "Collapsing"

o Finally realizing that he was wrong, he backed down and even
apologized.
o People are rioting on the streets trying to bring down their government.
o The police should do more to crack down on speeding.
o The U.K. government vowed to hunt down the terrorists who bombed
their subways and buses.
o The boxer punched his opponent again and again and finally knocked
him down.
o Working irregular hours and work-related stress wore him down. He
looked really tired.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "defeating" or "collapsing". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Back down To admit that you are wrong; to retreat from a position in an argument
(inseparable) >>He is a stubborn person. He won't back down even though he is wrong.
Bring down To cause someone in power to fall; to topple someone

(separable) >>George W. Bush is determined to bring down the Iraqi government.
Crack down To deal with something more strictly and firmly

(on) >>The police are cracking down on child pornography.
(inseparable) >>The school is trying to crack down on illegal drug use by students.
Hunt down To search for someone, usually in order to kill or punish them
(separable) >>The U.S. army is still trying to hunt down Osama Bin Laden.
To demolish
>>They plan to knock down the old factory and build a cinema in its place.
Knock down Similar: Pull down

(separable)
To cause someone to fall down by pushing or hitting them
>>He hit his opponent so hard that he knocked him down.
Wear down To make someone feel tired

(separable) >>The hot weather really wears me down.
• Exercise:
 I am exhausted! The long and sometimes confrontational negotiation
has me .
 I want to that wall to make the living room bigger.
 He is determined to the murderer who killed his son.
 This year, the government is trying to on drinking and

driving.
 High unemployment and crime rates finally the

government.
 After a heated argument, he finally on the question of

legalizing marijuana.
Unit 4.5 - "Down": Other Meanings
o We need to finish this report by the end of the week so let's get down to
work.
o He is a bit of a snob: He looks down on people who are poor or
uneducated.
o There is something wrong with him but I can't pin down the reason.
o I was devastated when the vet told me that he had to put down my cat
because she was suffering too much from her disease.
o I was so mad at my boss because he put me down in front of my
colleagues.
• Explanations:
To become serious about doing something

Get down to >>I have to finish this report by the end of the week but I don't seem to be
(inseparable) able to get down to doing it.
>>Let's get down to business.
To feel someone or something is inferior or contemptible

Look down on >>You shouldn't look down on him just because he has no money.
(inseparable) >>She always looks down on products which are made in China.
To understand something clearly and completely, or to describe something

accurately; to find out the exact details of something
Pin down >>After a series of tests, the doctor was finally able to pin down the cause of
(separable) his disease.
>>Police are working hard to pin down the cause of the explosions.
To kill an animal out of mercy (usually because it is sick or injured)

>>The poor dog had to be put down because it was so badly injured.
Put down
To insult someone; to make someone feel stupid or unimportant by criticizing
(separable)
them
>>I don't like John because he always puts down his wife in front of
everybody.
• Exercise:
o Complete each of the short dialogs with a suitable phrasal verb:
 A: You look mad! What's wrong?
 B: It's Jim. He me in front of his friends.

 A: Yeah? Why?
 B: Oh, he people who don't have a university

degree.
 A: That's not nice.
 Boss: Hey, Mary, what's wrong? Why the tears?
 Mary: My ... my dog ...
 Boss: What's wrong with your dog?
 Mary: The vet had to her .

 Boss: Oh dear! I am so sorry to hear that. But why?
 Mary: There was something wrong with her heart, but the vet couldn't
exactly the cause.

 Boss: Look, I'm really sorry about your loss, but can we
work? I need to get this report done by the end of the

day.
 Mary: OK.
Module 5: Phrasal Verbs with "Out"

Out combines with a number of verbs to form numerous phrasal verbs. The most important
meanings of "out" are shown below.
Unit 5.1 - "Out" meaning "Outside" / "Leaving"

o This is a high security prison so it is very difficult for prisoners to break

out.
o Don't stay inside on a nice sunny day! Let's go out!
o If you don't pay your rent by the end of this week, you have to move out.
o Can you pop out to get some sugar?
o We set out in January to travel around the world.
o She had a big fight with her boss and she stormed out of the office and
never returned.
o Can we settle our bill when we check out?
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "outside" or "leaving". See Explanations

• Explanations:
Break out To escape from prison

(inseparable) >>Three dangerous prisoners broke out of jail yesterday.
To go somewhere else
Go out >>I want to go out this Saturday night.
(inseparable) >>Do you fancy going out for dinner this evening?
Move out To stop living in a particular house

(inseparable) >>She wants to move out of her parents' house and live by herself.
To leave the place where you are and go somewhere for a short
Pop out time (Informal)
(inseparable) >>I'm just popping out to get some milk.
To start a journey
Set out >>It was quite sunny when we set out.
(inseparable) >>They said they'd set out at about 7 o'clock, so they should be here soon.
Storm out To enter or leave a place angrily

(inseparable) >>He stormed out of the house, slamming the door behind him.
Check out To leave a hotel after paying and giving back the key of your room
(inseparable) >>We have to check out of the hotel before 11 a.m.
• Exercise:
 Bill: Did you hear the news? A serial killer of the

prison yesterday.
 Wife: Oh no! I wonder where he's hiding now.
 Bill: Maybe in our neighborhood.
 Wife: Don't say that! Now I'm too scared to !

 Bill: Calm down! I was just joking! Hey, I'm to get
some cigarettes. Be back in a sec.
 Wife: Cigarettes? I thought you said you were going to quit smoking! If
you keep on smoking, you have to of this house and

don't come back!
(She then angrily of the room.)
 Bill (to himself): Hmm... not a bad idea! I can on a

journey around the world!!!
Unit 5.2 - "Out" meaning "Excluding" / "Removing"

o Every month, his paycheck cancels out his debts, so he cannot save
any money.
o Please cross out any numbers that are incorrect.
o I shut the curtains to keep the strong sunlight out in the morning.
o He was kicked out of university for drug use.
o She was angry because we left her out of the party.
o I don't agree with the insurance policies so I decided to opt out.
o When will the US pull their troops out of Iraq?
o After a thorough medical checkup, the doctor ruled out the possibility
that he was mentally unstable.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "excluding" or "removing". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To offset, to match in effect or force
Cancel out
>>The money we got from the sale of our car will cancel out our debt.
(separable)
>>Her bad temper cancels out her intelligence.
To draw a line through something that you have written, usually because it is
Cross out wrong
(separable) >>Please use a red marker to cross out any mistakes that you made.
To not go into a place, or to stop something from going into a place

Keep out >>We shut all the windows to keep out the rain.
(separable) >>Danger! Keep out.
To force someone to leave a place or an organization

>>He got kicked out of his apartment because he didn't pay the rent.
Kick out >>He was kicked out of high school for breaking too many school rules.
(separable)
Also Throw out
To exclude someone or something
Leave out >>Have we invited everyone to the wedding? Have we left anybody out?
(separable) >>If you can't eat spicy food, please leave out the chili pepper in the recipe.
Opt out To choose not to be part of an activity or arrangement (e.g. plan or scheme)
(inseparable) >>He's decided to opt out of his company's pension plan.
To stop being involved in an activity or agreement
>>After lengthy negotiations, the company decided to pull out of the deal.
Pull out >>North Korea pulled all their athletes out of the Olympic Games.
(separable)
[For armies] To move out of an area
>>There was a rumor that they were about to pull out of Afghanistan.
To decide that something or someone is not suitable for a particular purpose,

Rule out or to decide that something is impossible
(separable) >>We can rule out the possibility that he is taking drugs.
>>The police have finally ruled him out as a suspect.
• Exercise:
 Jim: Why was John so mad?
 Sue: Well, he said he got of yesterday's party!

 Jim: He was?
 Sue: Yeah, I heard that the host specifically his name

from the guest list.
 Jim: Why?
 Sue: Well, at last year's party, he got very drunk and got into a fight.
Finally he was of the house by the host.

 Jim: Really?
 Sue: Yes. The host had to lock all the doors to him
!
 Jim: No kidding!
 Sue: You know, John is a nice guy but his great personality is
by his alcoholism.
 Jim: Yeah! Exactly! And you know what? I heard that he also uses
drugs.
 Sue: Well, from the way he sometimes looks, I won't

the possibility.
Unit 5.3 - "Out" meaning "Searching" / "Finding"

o Can you check out the background of the tenant before renting him the
apartment?
o I borrowed a book from the library to find out more information about
Japanese pottery.
o His wife asked for a divorce after she found out that he was having an
affair.
o I can't figure out why someone wants to commit suicide.
o "Do you think Dad would let us use his car?" "Let's go and sound him
out."
o I want to try out this new program for making homepages.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "searching" or "finding". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To examine something, or to get information about something or someone

Check out >>They checked out his credentials before offering him the job.
(separable) >>They checked the second-hand car out one more time before handing over
the money to the car dealer.
To discover, to get information or to learn a fact or piece of information for the

Find out first time
(separable) >>What's that noise? Let's go and find out!
>>Being a father is not easy, as you will soon find out.
To find the answer to something by thinking carefully
Figure out >>I can't figure out the answer to this question.
(separable) >>I've never been able to figure him out. I don't know what he thinks
sometimes.
To discover what someone thinks about an idea or plan by talking to him/her

>>I sounded her out about going to Europe with us but she wasn't interested.
Sound out >>Let's sound out his views on this issue.
(separable)
To test something by using it in order to find out if it is good
Try out >>They're trying out a new computerized accounting system in the office.
(separable) >>Have you tried out the new Italian restaurant? It's really good.
• Exercise:
 Jim: Mom, can I get a new car?

 Mom: A new car? How much does it cost? Have you
the prices?
 Jim: Yes, I have even a few cars.
 Mom: Well, how much?
 Jim: Um... about $20,000.
 Mom: Oh, I don't know about that. Why don't you go and
your Dad?
 Jim: He will definitely say "No!"
 Mom: How can you be so sure?
 Jim: Oh, I've him a long time ago! I know

exactly what he'll say. He'll say it costs too much.
 Mom: Well, it does cost quite a bit. It's not easy to make money, you
know. You'll soon .
Unit 5.4 - "Out" meaning "Disappearing" / "Ending"

o The lights on the spaceship faded out and finally everything was in total
darkness.
o The civil war which started a month ago had petered out as time went
by.
o The company is going to phase out the use of paper. Eventually
everything will be on computers.
o The car is not moving - we've run out of gas!
o The Star Wars movie tickets were sold out in an hour or so.
o I was going to bungee jump but I wimped out at the last minute.
o The whole village was wiped out by tsunami.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "disappearing" or "ending". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Fade out [For sound, picture, light, etc.] To become gradually weaker
(separable) >>The music faded out and the movie began.
To gradually stop or disappear
Peter out >>He was eager to learn Japanese at first but soon his enthusiasm petered
(inseparable) out.
>>The trail petered out after a kilometer or so.
Phase out To remove or stop using something gradually or in stages

(separable) >>The government is going to phase out the 5-dollar bills in a year.
To finish so that there is none left
>>I've run out of money.
>>The milk has run out.
Run out >>My patience is beginning to run out.
(inseparable)
[For documents] To expire
>>My driver's licence runs out next month - I must get it renewed.
To sell all of the supply of something

Sell out >> The new computer game was sold out in one hour.
(inseparable) >> The concert was sold out so we couldn't get any tickets.
Wimp out To decide not to do something because you are too frightened (informal)
(inseparable) >>John was going to ask Mary out but in the end he wimped out.
Wipe out To destroy something completely

(separable) >> The next world war could wipe out humankind.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences with one of the phrasal verbs above:
 The government is going to the street cars in 2 years.
 I'm of hope - I don't think our team will win.
 The rain and by the afternoon it became sunny.
 We've every single T-shirt in just 2 days. Everyone loves

the design.
 My passport next week. I can't travel until I get it

renewed.
 We are going skydiving without John - he at the last

minute.
 Famine and civil wars have many small villages in

Sudan.
 The lights and music are and the movie is coming on.
Unit 5.5 - "Out" meaning "Producing" (especially sounds or

signals)
o She blurted out the truth after being questioned repeatedly by the
police.
o Many fans called out his name when the famous singer appeared on
stage.
o She cried out in pain when he hit her.
o My dad let out a groan when I told him that I was going to work in Africa.
o She didn't hold back and poured out her feelings about her ex-husband.
o Many people are too scared to speak out against the dictator.
o After years of abuse, she finally spilled out all her fear and anger to the
counselor.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "producing", especially sounds or signals. See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To say something suddenly and without thinking (because of excitement or

Blurt out nervousness)
(separable) >>At the local bar, after a couple of drinks, he blurted out his secret plan to
murder his wife.
To say something in a loud voice to get someone's attention
Call out >>I called out to him but he didn't hear me.
(separable) >>Please raise your hand when I call out your name.
To shout or make a loud noise (because of pain or fright)

Cry out >>The boy cried out in his dream.
(inseparable) >>He cried out in pain as they beat him repeatedly.
To release, to make a particular sound

Let out >>She let out a cry of delight when she saw the ring he gave her.
(separable) >>Everyone let out a sigh of relief when the boy was found.
To talk very honestly and often emotionally about something

Pour out >>Some people go to church and pour out their troubles to god.
(separable) >>She poured out her frustrations as the Judge listened intensely.
To publicly express your opinions so as to criticize or oppose someone or

Speak out something
(inseparable) >>He got fired after he spoke out against his boss.
>>He always speaks out against discrimination on TV.
To express your feelings by talking in an uncontrolled way

Spill out >>After suppressing her feelings all these years, she finally spilled out her
(separable) despair and anger to her husband.
• Exercise:
 He waved at her and her name but she just ignored

him.
 Jim a cry of despair when he found out his son had played
truant again.
 She her heart as he listened quietly.
 As he was turning to leave, she , "I love you!"
 He for help when he saw the snake.
 He has a reputation for against social injustice.
 She a big sigh when her son told her that he was leaving
the country.
 Outside the counselor's office was a sign, which read "

! Abuse and harassment can be stopped!"
Unit 5.6 - "Out" meaning "Giving" / "Helping or Supporting"

o The truth did not bear out what the U.S.A. claimed - There were no
weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.
o There are always people outside the station giving out advertising
flyers.
o He is really generous - he always helps out the poor.
o Please pass out the information sheet, and make sure that everyone in
the room gets a copy.
o Thank you for pointing out the mistakes to me.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "giving" or "helping". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To support with evidence or claim; to prove that something that someone has
Bear out said or written is true
(separable) >>The facts do not bear out what the report said.
To give something to a large number of people

>>I offered to give out leaflets for them in town.
Give out >>Some hospitals give out free samples of baby milk.
(separable)
Also Hand out
To help someone, usually by giving them money or doing work for them
Help out >>Could someone help us out here? We really need a hand.
(separable) >>If you explain to your parents why you need the money, I am sure they will
help you out.
Pass out To give something to each person in a group of people

(separable) >>Could you pass the pamphlets out?
To indicate a fact, especially one that is important in the present discussion or
Point out situation
(separable) >>I pointed out in the meeting that this new program would cost us lots of
money.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following short dialogs with one of the phrasal verbs above:
 A: Before we move on to the next item on the Agenda, may I
one more thing on this topic?

B: Sure, go ahead.
 C: I'm in a really bad situation here. Please me
.
 D: What do you want me to do?
 E: Are you free this weekend?

 F: Yes, why?
 E: I want you to these flyers at the station.

 F: OK.
 G: Can you the exam paper to the students?

 H: Sure.
 I: You have to me . My wife thought that I

was out drinking last night but you know we were working overtime.
 J: Yeah, that's right. I was with you last night. I can you
. I'll give your wife a call.

 I: That'll be great!
Unit 5.7 - "Out" with Other Meanings

o It seems that the terrorist attacks in London bomb attack were carried
out by citizens of Britain.
o You created this problem so now you have to sort it out.
o He is well educated and intelligent. He just stands out from the rest of
his colleagues.
o I don't like John - he always takes out his anger on his dog.
o He walked out on his wife and three children, leaving them with no food
or money.
• Explanations:
Carry out To do or complete something important or elaborate

(separable) >>A population census will be carried out next year.
To deal with a problem or difficult situation
>>I have asked a lawyer to sort out details of the business contract.
Sort out
(separable) To organize things
>>I need at least one day to sort out all these files.
To be much better than others
Stand out >>Her performance really stood out at the audition.
(inseparable) >>This job applicant seems really good. He really stands out.
To vent bad feelings on others because you are upset or angry

Take out on >>It's not fair that every time you've had a bad day, you come home and take it
(separable) out on me!
>>He always takes out his frustration on his three children.
To abandon somebody; to leave somebody angrily
Walk out on >>After putting up with his abuse for years, his wife finally walked out on him.
(inseparable)
• Exercise:
 You can't just your job like that. You have made
some mistakes and you have to them .
 The government is going to a large-scale survey next

year on drug abuse problems in schools.
 I just spent two hours all these documents and now

you came in and messed them all up again!
 Just because you are angry at your boss doesn't mean that you can
it me!
 That song really in my mind because it was so beautiful.
Module 6: Phrasal Verbs with "Off"

Off combines with a number of verbs to form numerous phrasal verbs. The most important
meanings of "off" are shown below.
Unit 6.1 - "Off" meaning "Departing"

o I can drop you off at the station. It's on the way.
o When shall we get off to the airport tomorrow?
o John is heading off to Hokkaido for 2 weeks.
o Jim is leaving tomorrow. Are you going to the airport to see him off?
o The plane can't take off because of the bad weather.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "departing". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To take someone, or to deliver something, to a place (usually in a car)

Drop off >>On your way to work, could you drop off the books at the library?
(separable) >>I'm going in the direction of your office, so I can drop you off on the way.
To depart for a journey or to leave a place to go somewhere

Get off >>I want to get off early tomorrow morning so we can get to our destination in
(inseparable) the afternoon.
>>I have to get off to the office now.
To start a journey
>>Every year in August, we head off to the mountains in Vancouver.
Head off >>Where are you heading off this summer?
(inseparable)
Also Set off
To go to the airport, etc. in order to say goodbye to someone
>>I am going to the airport to see my husband off.
See off
(separable) To force someone to leave a place
>>Don't try to force your way into my house, or I will ask my dogs to see you
off.
[For airplanes, birds, or insects] To begin to fly

Take off >>I like watching airplanes take off.
(inseparable) >>Look at that baby eagle trying to take off!
• Exercise:
 Bill: Where are you to this summer?

 Jan: New Zealand.
 Bill: Cool! When you are leaving?
 Jan: Actually, tomorrow.
 Bill: Tomorrow? Want me to you at the

airport?
 Jan: No, don't worry about it.
 Bill: How are you going to the airport then?
 Jan: By train.
 Bill: Well then, at least let me you at the
train station.
 Jan: OK. Thanks.
 Bill: So what time are you tomorrow?
 Jan: Well, the plane will at 8 a.m., so I have to
at around 4 from here.

 Bill: 4 a.m.?!
Unit 6.2 - "Off" meaning "Preventing" / "Rejecting"

o The fishermen sometimes have to fight off attacks by pirates.

o It has taken me two weeks to fight off the cold.
o The Japanese swimmer managed to hold off other competitors and
finished in first place.
o Keep off the main road - there is a lot of traffic this time of the day.
o The factory laid off at least half of its employees in the past six months
due to cut back.
o I know I have to finish this report but I keep putting it off.
o My cat has run away - I think my neighbor's dog scared it off.
o I take Vitamin C every day to ward off colds.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "preventing" or "rejecting". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To defend oneself; to keep someone or something away

>>There were three robbers but he managed to fight them off.
Fight off To try hard to get rid of something unpleasant or unwanted (e.g. an illness or
(separable) bad emotions)
>>I am fighting off a cold.
>>He tried to fight off painful memories from his childhood.
To prevent someone (e.g. an enemy or a competitor) from attacking you or
Hold off competing against you
(separable) >>Our troops can't hold off the enemy's attacks any longer.
To stay away from something; to avoid (something harmful or bad)

Keep off >>Keep off the grass!
(separable) >>She wore a hat to keep the sun off.
Lay off To stop employing someone because there is no work for them to do
(separable) >>Due of company restructuring, she was laid off last year.
Put off To postpone; to delay in doing something
(separable) >>We need to put off the meeting until John comes back from Tokyo.
Scare off To make a person or animal so frightened that they go away

(separable) >>The burglar was scared off by the alarm.
To keep away; to prevent something unpleasant from harming you
Ward off >>We burn incense to ward off mosquitoes in the summer.
(separable) >>Some people think that a lucky charm can ward off bad luck.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences using one of the phrasal verbs above:
 People at the refugee camps put up tents to the sun and

the rain.
 Last year, the government 5,000 employees and the

unemployment rate went up to 5.3%.
 The Olympic champion managed to other competitors

and won a Gold medal.
 If you behave rudely, you are going to all the young

ladies!
 Let's this till tomorrow, OK? I am too tired to

deal with it now.
 As he was looking at the pictures, he tried to scary

memories of what happened.
 Talismans to bad luck are sold in many Japanese

temples.
Unit 6.3 - "Off" meaning "Finishing" / "Completing"

o I don't think you can carry off such a big project without the help of
others.
o There is some wine left. Would you like to finish it off?
o I want to finish off this book before going to bed.
o He has to pay off his student loan by the end of this year.
o How could he pull off such a scam without anyone noticing?
o We had a nice evening - we went out for dinner, went to a concert, and to
top it off, had a nice long walk along the beach.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "finishing" or "completing". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To complete or achieve something difficult

>>It was the first time for him to perform on stage but he carried it off
Carry off brilliantly.
(separable)
Similar:
Pull off
To complete a task; to finish eating or drinking something completely

Finish off >>Let me finish this report off before going out for lunch.
(separable) >>We need to buy more paint to finish off the bathroom wall.
>>You have to finish off your meal before you can have dessert.
[For loan, mortgage, etc.] To pay back all the money owed
Pay off >>I am planning to pay off the mortgage on my house in the next ten years or
(separable) so.
To succeed in doing or achieving something difficult

Pull off >>No one has been able to finish this task in 20 minutes but she managed to
(separable) pull it off.
To finish something in an enjoyable or special way

Top off >>We had a nice delicious dinner and, to top it off, had cheesecake and ice
(separable) cream for dessert.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences using one of the phrasal verbs above:
 John's business failed. He owed the bank a lot of money and had to sell
his house to the debt.
 Children, your food and go to bed.

 She practiced really hard and it paid off. She beat all the competitors
and the first prize.

 A: "Are you ready to leave?"
B: "No, you go ahead. I want to this report."
 It has been a enjoyable evening. Let's it with

a drink.
 The negotiations were long and tough but he finally the

deal.
Unit 6.4 - "Off": Other Meanings

o The meeting was called off because our boss was sick.
o I need a cold drink to cool off.
o You paid $100 for this? You've been ripped off!
o Jim is showing off his new beautiful girlfriend to everyone at the party.
o I was told off by my boss for losing an important client.
o The effect of the painkiller has worn off and my headache is coming
back.
• Explanations:
Call off To cancel something

(separable) >>The baseball match was called off because of the heavy rain.
To become cooler, or to make someone or something cooler
>>Let's go for a swim to cool off.
Cool off
(separable) To become calmer, or to calm someone down
>>I won't talk to you until you cool off.
Rip off To charge someone excessively for something

(separable) >>Stay away from that store - it is always trying to rip tourists off.
To show someone or something that you are proud of to others
Show off >>John invited us all to his house for dinner to show off his newly renovated
(separable) kitchen.
Tell off To scold or reprimand someone

(separable) >>The teacher told off the students for not paying attention in class.
To stop having an effect; to gradually disappear
>>The anesthetic wore off after a couple of hours and my wound started to
Wear off hurt.
(inseparable) >>After the excitement of being in a different country has worn off, he began
to feel homesick.
• Exercise:
 Ann: Why does our boss look so mad?

 Jim: Oh, John lost an important client. That's why. The boss is
John now as we speak.

 Ann: Oh no! I need to talk to him about this report, but I'd better wait till
he has .
 Jim: That's a wise thing to do!
 Ann: So, how was the soccer game last night?
 Jim: Didn't you hear? It was because of the storm.

Hey, what's Mary doing?
 Ann: Oh, she is going around the office her new
engagement ring.
 Jim: Really? Did she it to you?

 Ann: Of course she did! She kept saying it was a very expensive ring
but I think her fiancé was by the jewelry store.

 Jim: Oh well. She looks really happy and excited though.
 Ann: Yeah? But how long will the excitement last? It's gonna
soon, I think.
 Jim: Hmm... I think you are just jealous!
Module 7: Phrasal Verbs with "Back"

Back combines with a number of verbs to form numerous phrasal verbs. The most important
meanings of "back" are to return or reciprocate something, but combined with certain verbs, it
can also have the meaning of to control or suppress. Let's look at the main phrasal verbs with
"back" below
Unit 7.1 - "Back" meaning "Returning"

1. These old songs bring back a lot of good memories.

2. I'm sorry. Paul is out. I'll ask him to call you back when he gets home.
3. I can't believe it! He gave me this TV and now he wants to get it back.
4. Please give me back the book that I lent you.
5. This DVD is not working properly. I'll have to take it back to the store
tomorrow.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "returning". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To cause someone to remember something from the past

>>We talked about our time in Hiroshima and it really brought back
Bring back memories.
(separable)
To start to do or use something that used be done or used in the past
>>The government wants to bring back the death penalty.
To return a telephone call
Call back / >>'I'm sorry but Mr. Sato is in a meeting at the moment. Can you call back
Phone back later?'
(separable) >>Junko wasn't there when I called so I'll phone her back tomorrow.
Get back To be in possession of something again

(separable) >>He's really unreliable. I lent him my camera and I never got it back.
Give back To return something to the person who gave it to you
(separable) >>I must give you back $10 that I borrowed from you.
To return something to the person or organization that you borrowed or bought
Take back it from
(separable) >>I've got to take my library books back before Saturday.
>>I have to take this coat back and get a smaller size.
• Exercise:
 These tools are totally useless, please them

to the store.
 "Where's the book that John lent us?" "I it to

him today."
 "Dad, it's Junko on the phone." "Tell her I'll her
in 5 minutes."
 The city has decided to its famous double-decker
buses to attract tourists.
 This old movie sure bitter memories to many war

veterans.
Unit 7.2 - "Back" meaning "Repeating" or "Reciprocating"

1. I was shocked at the way Junko's children answered her back. It was
so rude.
2. Every time he had a setback, he just bounced back and carried on. He
never gave up.
3. You can't let your husband bully you. You have to fight back.
4. I am going to pay him back for all the nasty practical jokes he played on
me.
5. His father hit him hard on his face, but he struck back, knocking down
his father's glasses.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "repeating" or "reciprocating". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Answer back To reply rudely to someone [e.g. a child to a parent]

(separable) >>In the past, children were not allowed to answer their parents back.
Bounce back To start to be successful again after a period of failure
(inseparable) >>Will the Giants bounce back from last week's defeat?
To defend yourself when someone or something attacks you or causes
Fight back problems for you
(inseparable) >>He might be 70 years old, but don't underestimate his ability to fight
back.
To do something unpleasant to someone because they have done

Pay back something unpleasant to you; to take revenge on someone
(separable) >>I'm going to pay him back for all those things he said about me.
Strike back To attack someone who has attacked you; to hit in retaliation
(separable) >>In the past, women could not strike back at violent husbands.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following sentences using suitable phrasal verbs:
 Teenagers these days always their parents .
 The baseball team suffered 2 losses but then they

and won 3 games straight.
 A: Why are you so mean to John?
B: I am just him for all the mean things he
did to me! I am .
 A: I heard that in India, women who at their violent

husbands are severely punished.
B: I can't believe it! I think Indian women should !
Unit 7.3 - "Back" meaning "Controlling" or "Suppressing"

1. When I saw my father in the hospital, I tried to choke back my tears but I
couldn't.
2. We have to cut back on our energy consumption to save the
environment.
3. He was angry at the students, but he fought back his urge to yell at
them.
4. He tried to hold back his anger and did his best to deal with the problem
calmly.
5. The outbreak of war in Iraq has set back the modernization process of
the country.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "controlling" or "suppressing", especially
an emotion. See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To force yourself not to show your feelings, or to stop yourself from saying
Choke back
something
(separable)
>>''Grandpa passed away," said Naomi, choking back the tears.
To reduce the amount of a particular thing
Cut back >>He's trying to cut back on fat in his diet.
(inseparable) >>You smoke far too much. You should cut back.
>>The government has promised to cut back on spending.
To try hard not to show an emotion, or to try hard not to let your emotions
Fight back control what you do
(separable) >>He fought back his anger and remained calm.
>>'I've lost all my money', she said, fighting back the tears.
To control; to suppress
Hold back
>>She is very ambitious and nobody can hold her back.
(separable)
>>I held back my irritation and tried to speak slowly and calmly.
To delay, to make something happen more slowly
Set back
>>Due to a few technical problems, the completion date for the project has
(separable)
been set back by a few weeks.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following conversation using suitable phrasal verbs:
 Mary: I saw Anne yesterday. She looked terrible.

 John: What's wrong with her?
 Mary: Well, she had another big fight with her husband. She said he
smoked too much, and told him to .

 John: And?
 Mary: And her husband told her to mind her own business.
 John: He did?
 Mary: Yes! Ann her anger and tried to reason with

him, but he just left the room.
 John: Wow!
 Mary: Ann was really upset when she told me that. She was
the tears at first, but eventually she
couldn't her emotions and started crying.

 John: So this latest argument surely their efforts in
trying to save their marriage.
 Mary: Exactly!
Module 8: Phrasal Verbs with "Away"
Away, when combined with different verbs, can have the meaning of leaving, disappearing, or
storing. Try to learn the phrasal verbs of "away" below
Unit 8.1 - "Away" meaning "Leaving", "Separating", or

"Removing"
1. At the age of 18, Junko broke away from her family in Okayama and
moved to Tokyo.
2. His bad temper is driving customers away.
3. We decided to move to a small city to get away from the noise and
traffic.
4. Are you going away for the summer?
5. If I were you, I would keep my daughter away from that young man.
6. Many people moved away from the city after the big earthquake.
7. The barking of the dog scared away the thief.
8. She ran away from home when she was 10.
9. Because you are not obeying the rules of the club, I have to take away
your membership.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "leaving", "separating", or "removing". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To leave or escape from someone who is holding you

>>Two police officers tried to restrain him, but he broke away and ran into a
Break away nearby house.
(inseparable)
To remove yourself from a group
>>A group of employees broke away to set up a rival company.
To force a person or animal to leave

Drive away >>I used a fan to drive the flies away.
(separable) >>John's eccentric personality is driving even his family away.
To leave a place or person, often when the situation makes it difficult for you
to do this
>>What time did you finally get away last night?
>>We walked to the next beach to get away from the crowds.
Get away
(inseparable) To escape
>>We ran after them but they got away.
>>They got away in a stolen car.
>>Everyone's saying they got away with $500,000.
To leave
>>Look, just go away and leave me alone, will you?
To leave your home in order to spend time in a different place, usually for a
holiday
Go away >>She usually looks after the house when we go away in the summer.
(inseparable) >>He goes away on business a lot.
To disappear
>>Sometimes the symptoms go away on their own without treatment.
>>I've got this bad feeling about the relationship and it won't go away.
Not to allow to get near something

Keep away >>There was a notice warning people to keep away from the edge of the cliff.
(separable) >>The new campaign is aimed at keeping young people away from drugs.
To leave the place where you live and go and live in another place
Move away >>The village's population has fallen sharply in the past ten years as young
(inseparable) people have moved away.
To leave somewhere by running

>>He turned and ran away as fast as he could.
Run away
(inseparable) To secretly leave a place because you are unhappy there
>>I was so unhappy at school, I even thought of running away.
To make a person or animal so frightened that they go away

Scare away >>She managed to scare away her attacker by screaming loudly.
(separable) >>He ran out into the garden clapping his hands to scare the birds away.
To remove [an object]

>>A waiter came to take our plates away.
Take away To remove something from a person or organization

(separable) >>The new law will take away the right of workers to strike.
>>The report claims that large supermarkets are taking business away from
small shops.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following dialog using suitable phrasal verbs:
 John: I heard that you from your company and set up

your own web design company.
 Paul: Yes. My former boss is really mean, and he is
everyone , including his clients!
 John: That's not good! By the way, are you for

Christmas?
 Paul: No. My brother is from New York, so I have
to help him pack.
 John: Why is he ?
 Paul: Well, he wants to from the noise, the people, the

crime ... you know.
 John: So he is sick and tired of big cities, is that right?
 Paul: Yes, and I guess he has his reasons. Just last month, his house
got broken into.
 John: Really? Did the burglar anything?
 Paul: No. The burglar alarm went off and the burglar
.
 John: So, the burglar just empty-handed!
 Paul: Right! Those burglar alarms do burglars
Unit 8.2 - "Away" meaning "Disappearing" or "Making

Something Disappear"
1. Chuck away any old clothes that you don't want - we don't have enough
closet space.
2. She is against abortion. She thinks that the law allowing abortion should
be done away with.
3. As autumn approaches, the warmth of the sun begins to fade away.
4. He is a very generous person. He is always giving away food and
money to the needy.
5. She's feeling very sad at the moment: her husband passed away
unexpectedly last week.
6. You should throw away that sofa - it's old and dirty!
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "disappearing", "making something
disappear", or "getting rid of something". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
Chuck away To throw away (informal)

(separable) >>I think you should chuck away those old toys.
To get rid of something, or to stop using something
Do away with
>>Many people wish that the government would do away with the
(inseparable)
consumption tax.
To gradually become less strong, less intense, or less clear and then
disappear
Fade away >>As the years passed, the memories of her grandmother slowly faded
(inseparable) away.
>>The music faded away and the movie began.
To give something to someone for free
Give away >>I gave away my old computer to my little nephew.
(separable) >>We're giving away free shampoo samples as a promotion.
Pass away To die

(inseparable) >>She passed away peacefully in her sleep.
To get rid of something because you do not want or need it any more
Throw away >>I'm going to throw away those magazines if you've finished reading them.
(separable) >>These potatoes are rotten - I'd better throw them away.
• Exercises:
 A: Where is my baseball cap, mom?
 B: Your old cap? I it yesterday.
 A: What? You my baseball cap?

 B: Yes! It's dirty and stinky!
 C: Did you hear the sad news about Mr. Brown?

 D: No. What happened?
 C: He in his sleep last night.

 D: Oh no. He was such a nice man.
 C: Yes. Do you know that he all his money to

charities?
 D: Really? That was really kind of him.
 E: Why do we have to fill out so many forms just to renew our passport?
 F: I know what you mean. Wouldn't it be nice if the government
all the paperwork?
 G: Do you think the latest rumor about the Prime Minister will force him
to step down?
 H: I don't think so. I think like anything else, the rumor will
and be forgotten soon.
Unit 8.3 - "Away" meaning "Hiding" or "Storing"

1. Please file this contract away together with all the other contracts.
2. This necklace is worth a lot of money. You'd better lock it away in a
safe.
3. He's an alcoholic. He has got some alcohol hidden away in his room.
4. Winter is coming. It's time to put away our summer clothing.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "hiding" or "storing". See Explanations 
• Explanations:
To put a document etc. in a particular place so that you can find it easily
File away
>>He always files everything away very carefully, so the report shouldn't be
(separable)
hard to find.
To put something in a safe place and lock the door
>>He locks his gun away at night.
Lock away
(separable) To put someone in prison or in a hospital for people who are mentally ill
>>Dangerous criminals need to be locked away from society.
Hide away To put something in a secret place so that other people cannot find it
(separable) >>She has got some money hidden away in a drawer.
To put something in the place where it is usually kept
Put away >>These dishes are clean. Please put them away.
(separable) >>She folded up the towels and put them away in the cupboard.
• Exercise:
 Please your books now. The test will begin in five

minutes.
 Her son is mentally ill but she doesn't want him in a

mental institution.
 "I can't find the letter from Mr. Jones." "Oh, I've it
. It's in the file on your desk."

 He told his wife he had quit smoking, but actually he has some cigarettes
in his drawer.
 It's an expensive ring from your grandmother. Don't lose it.
it .
Module 9: Phrasal Verbs with "Over"

Common phrasal verbs of "over" like think things over or check things over carry the meaning
of considering or examining. However, when combined with other verbs, "over" can also carry
the meaning of changing or transferring. Let's learn some common phrasal verbs of "over" as
shown below.
Unit 9.1 - "Over" meaning "Considering" or "Examining"

1. I've finished all calculations but I need to check them over to make sure
they are correct.
2. Please look over this article that I have written and see what you think.
3. He asked her if she wanted to move to Canada with him. She replied
that she needed to think it over.
4. Jim got a job offer in Tokyo, but after talking things over with his wife, he
decided to stay in Canada.
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "considering" or "examining". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
To examine (something or someone) carefully

Check over >>She sent an early copy of her novel to her publisher so that he could check
(separable) it over.
>>Get yourself checked over by a doctor before you take up any sport.
To quickly examine something or someone

Look over >>I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over what he'd written.
(separable) >>She looked the boy over to make sure he looked presentable.
Mull over / To think carefully about something before making a decision

Think over >>I need time to mull things over before I decide what to do.
(separable) >>She said she'd think it over and give me an answer next week.
To discuss a problem or situation, especially before making a decision about it

Talk over >>I'd like to talk things over with my wife first.
(separable) >>I'll talk it over with John and see what he thinks.
• Exercise:
o Complete the following conversation using suitable phrasal verbs:
 Boss: John, I've your resume, and I'd like very much
for you to come and work for us.
 John: Oh...
 Boss: We need you to sign a contract, and oh, you need to be
by a doctor. Just a standard procedure. And ...

 John: Uh..., excuse me. I need to things
before I can make a decision. I also need to it
with my wife.
 Boss: Oh, OK. Sure. it and let me

know.
 John: Thank you very much.
Unit 9.2 - "Over" meaning "Changing" or "Transferring"

1. I've just changed over from ISDN to ADSL and the connection is much
faster.
2. Could you hand the dictionary over to me?
3. Move over a bit - you are blocking the door.
4. Who'll be taking over from John when he retires?
All these phrasal verbs have the meaning of "changing" or "transferring". See
Explanations 
• Explanations:
Change over/ To change from one method, product, or situation to another

Switch over >>We've just changed over from electricity to gas: it's so much cheaper.
(separable) >>They're switching over to a new computer system.
To give something to someone else
Hand over >>The driver was forced to hand over the car keys and was left standing on
(separable) the roadside.
To move so that there is space for someone else to sit or stand

Move over >>If you move over a bit, Junko can sit next to me.
(inseparable) >>Tim moved over so that I could sit down.
To replace someone in a job or project

Take over >>He took over as manager two years ago.
(inseparable) >>Mr. Sato has taken over responsibility for the new project.
>>You've been looking after the kids all day. Take a break - I'll take over.
• Exercise:
 the gun and put your hands up!

 We've just our computer's operating system
to Windows NT.
 Jim will his father's business next year.
 Please a bit so that the boy can sit next to his mom.
Phrasal Verbs
Unit 9.3 - "Over": Other Meanings
1. Don't worry, I'm sure the argument between you and your wife will blow
over in a few days.
2. We can carry over our unused sick days to the next year.
3. He couldn't get over the shock of his girlfriend leaving him.
4. Let's start the meeting early and get it over with.
5. If you jaywalk, you might get run over by a car.
6. I will talk to your wife and try to smooth over the disagreement.
• Explanations:
To gradually becomes less important and is then forgotten (e.g. an unpleasant

Blow over event or situation)
(inseparable) >>The government hoped that the whole scandal would blow over, but it
didn't.
To use something or do something at a later time than planned

Carry over >>The performance has had to be carried over to next week.
(separable) >>How much holiday can you carry over from one year to the next?
To begin to feel better after an experience that has made you unhappy
>>I don't suppose you ever really get over the death of a child.
To feel better after having an illness

Get over >>I am finally getting over the flu.
(inseparable)
To find a solution to a problem
>>They had to get over one or two technical problems before the project
could start.
Get To do and complete something (usually difficult or unpleasant)

something >>I'll be glad to get these exams over with.
over with >>I wanted to give my paper at the start of the week so that I could get it over
(inseparable) with.
To hit and drive over someone or something with a vehicle, resulting in injury
Run over or death
(separable) >>He was run over and killed.
To settle or resolve [a problem]

Smooth over >>Would you like me to smooth things over between you and your girlfriend?
(separable)
• Exercises:
o Complete the following conversations using suitable phrasal verbs:
 Jun: Did you hear the news?

 Ian: What news?
 Jun: John's son got by a truck and was killed.

 Ian: Oh my god!
 Jun: I wonder if John will ever the shock.

 Ian: Probably not.
 Ann: I heard you had an argument with our boss last week.
 Jim: Yeah. He wouldn't let me my holidays to next

year. I was really pissed off!
 Ann: So, did he do anything?
 Jim: Well, at first, he probably thought that this whole thing would
, but yesterday he actually tried to things
by giving me 2 extra days of holidays next year.

 Ann: Well, that's OK then.
 Jim: I guess so. Anyway, let's start the meeting and it
as quickly as possible, OK?

 Ann: OK!

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Phrasal Verbs

Module 1:Phrasal Verbs with "On"

Unit 1.1 - "On" meaning "Beginning"

o The street lights come on at 6 p.m. every evening.

[For utility supplies, e.g. water, electricity] To start working

[For radio or television programs] To start being broadcast

[For illnesses, feelings, or moods] To start

o Fill in the missing words:

 Yoga has recently in North America.

 Hurry up! Our favorite TV program is in 5

 How neat! The lights automatically the moment

o Complete the following dialog:

 A: Our boss lost his temper this morning!

that his cold!

 A: No, not today. The hockey game is at 6. I

Unit 1.2 - "On" meaning "Continuing with Something"

o The lecture was so boring! It dragged on for hours!

[For something unpleasant] To continue for too long

Stay on To continue to study at school or university in order to get a higher

To continue working in your job

o Fill in the missing words:

 This movie was really long and boring. It for 3

 Don't quit school. until you graduate.

 You want to be a great pianist, don't you? If so,

 The summer festival in Toronto for 2 weeks in

 I tried to calm the baby down, but she crying.

o Complete the following dialog:

 Dad: How's school these days?

at school. I just wanna quit and get a job.

Unit 1.3 - "On" meaning "Progressing"

o How's your new website coming on? When will it be finished?

To start doing a new activity

To become better or more advanced

o Fill in the missing words:

 The world has and progressed, but time seems to have

 How's the new project ?

o Complete the following dialog:

 Dan: Oh, I'm just fine. Actually, since moving here,

my driving skill has tremendously.

a great deal for the past 10 years. Time seemed to have

Unit 1.4 - "On" meaning "Wearing"

To put a piece of clothing onto your body

Throw on To put on a piece of clothing quickly and not very carefully

o Complete the following dialogs:

 B: Sure. I'll just a pair of walking shoes and I'll be right

 A: Can I this dress?

 A: It's very sunny today.

 B: Yeah. Before you go outside, don't forget to some

 A: I already did. I think I'll a hat too.

 A: Hurry up! We are late!

Look on To watch an activity or event without becoming involved in it

To feel someone or something is inferior or contemptible

To criticize or bully someone, who usually is smaller or weaker than you

o Complete the following dialogs:

 A: I heard that you're a good chess player.

 B: Well, I'm not too bad. Want to me ?

 A: I really hate being the youngest in the family.

 A: My older brothers and sisters are always me! The

 A: Look! Those teenagers are that poor homeless

 B: Are you kidding? Are you going to those teenagers?

Module 2: Phrasal Verbs with "In"

Unit 2.1 - "In" meaning "Arriving" or "Entering"