Ex no.

7: Preliminary design of aircraft for specific payload

Aim: To do the preliminary design of aircraft for specific payload.

Equipment Required: Collection of UAVs data

Theory:

Design process
It is generally divided into three distinct phases: the conceptual design, the preliminary design,
and the detail design. Each phase brings its own unique characteristics and influence into the
final product. All these phases involve aerodynamic, propulsion, and structural design, as well as
the design of the aircraft control and supplemental systems.

Conceptual design
The conceptual design phase is characterized by comparative evaluation of numerous alternative
design concepts potentially reaching the design requirements. The conceptual design phase is
iterative in nature. A large quantity of design concepts are thus evaluated, compared to the
requirements, revised, reevaluated, and so on until the convergence to one or more satisfactory
concepts is achieved. During this process, the greatest flaws for reaching the requirements are
exposed, so that the products of conceptual design frequently include a set of revised
requirements.

Preliminary design
During the preliminary design phase, one or more promising concepts from the conceptual
design phase are subjected to more rigorous analysis and evaluation in order to define and
validate the design that best meets the requirements. With extensive experimental efforts,
including wind-tunnel testing and the evaluation of any unique materials or structural concepts
are conducted during preliminary design. The end product of preliminary design is a complete
aircraft design description including all aircraft systems and subsystems.

Detail design
During the detail design phase, the selected aircraft design is translated into the detailed
engineering data required to support tooling and manufacturing activities.
 Aircraft specifications.

External dimensions. Area Performance.

Aircraft
S.NO
name.

Max Max Max

Max Max
Wing Overall Wings TO wing Range operat
Airfoil. rate of cruise
span. length. cross. weight loadin . ing
climb. speed.
. g. speed.

Root
21.6
NACA 171 1248 165
Literature Survey ( Example survey - use UAV data)

Beech 38ft. 181 ft2 3900 lb. lb/sq ft 932 NM

63A413 29ft. 1in. knots ft./min. knots
1. craft (11.58 (16.8 (1780 (106.0 (1072.5
.2 Tip (8.85 m) (197 (380.4 (190
Duchess m) m 2) kg) kg/sq miles)
NACA mph) m/min.) mph)
m)
63A415

1445
242 237
nm (std
175.7 19.2 knots 1240 knots
36 ft 5 3374 lb tanks)
Mooney NACA 26 ft 9 in sq ft lb/ft (278 ft/min (272
2. in (11.1 (1528 (1662
M20 63-215 (8.15 m) (16.3 (96 mph, (378 mph,
m) kg) mi,
m) kg/m) 448 m/min) 438
2676
km/h) km/h)
km)

108
123
13.4 knots
160 sq 465 nm knots 660
30.0 23.3 2150 lb lb/sq ft (124 m
Piper NACA ft (535 (142 ft/min
3. feet feet (975 (64.4 ph
Cherokee 652-415 (15.14 sm, 867 mph, (3.4
(9.2 m) (7.16 m) kg) kg/sq (200 km
m) km) 230 m/s)
m) /h), 201
km/h)
km/h)
( plot this graph for your survey)
 Aircraft specifications.

External dimensions. Area Performance.

Aircraft
S.NO
name.
(Put the mean values in the table from the graph)

Max Max
Max Max
Wing Overall Wings Max TO operati rate
Airfoil. wing Range cruise
span. length. cross. weight. ng of
loading speed.
speed. climb.
Procedure

After undergone a several analysis on this type of aircrafts, we have select one type
having specific payload.
And for that aircrafts we done a literature survey.
After finishing the survey, collect entire specifications of the aircraft.
With help excel spreadsheet make a detailed table.
Once finished, take speed of aircraft common and plot the speed versus the rest in scatter
plot.

Result:

Thus the preliminary design of aircraft for specific payload has been done.