[Type text]

Section A
Bahagian A

[60 marks]
[60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. (a) (i) What is the concept introduced by Dmitri Mendeleev to simplify the idea of atomic mass and the
volume of gas?
Apakah konsep yang dikemukakan oleh Dmitri Mendeleev untuk mempermudahkan idea jisim atom
dan isipadu gas?
__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Based on the concept in (a)(i), what is the chemical symbol used to represent one water molecule?
Berdasarkan konsep di (a)(i), apakah simbol kimia yang digunakan untuk mewakili satu molekul air?

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__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)What is the name of the isotope of an element used as a standard in determining relative atomic mass?
Apakah nama isotop unsur yang digunakan sebagai piawai dalam penentuan jisim atom relatif?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) (i) Based on the concept in (a)(i), what is the mass of 6.0 dm3 of carbon dioxide gas, CO2, at standard
temperature and pressure?
Berdasarkan konsep di (a)(i), berapakah jisim bagi 6.0 dm3 gas karbon dioksida, CO2, pada suhu dan
tekanan piawai?
[1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 at standard temperature and pressure;
Relative atomic mass for CO2 = 44]
[1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3 pada suhu dan tekanan piawai;
Jisim atom relatif bagi CO2 = 44]

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[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) How many molecules are there in 6.0 dm3 of carbon dioxide gas?
Berapakah bilangan molekul yang terdapat dalam 6.0 dm3 gas karbon dioksida?
[Avogadros number = 6.02 1023]
[Nombor Avogadro = 6.02 1023]

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

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 (iii)Explain briefly the relationship between the volume, mass and the number of molecules of carbon
dioxide in (b)(i) and (b)(ii) at standard temperature and pressure.
Perihalkan dengan ringkas hubungan antara isipadu, jisim dan bilangan molekul karbon dioksida di
(b)(i) dan (b)(ii) pada suhu dan tekanan piawai.

__________________________________________________________________________________

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[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2. Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for the heating of zinc carbonate, ZnCO3 powder. The gas released
from this experiment turned lime water chalky.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi pemanasan serbuk zink karbonat, ZnCO3. Gas yang
dibebaskan daripada eksperimen ini mengeruhkan air kapur.

Diagram
Rajah

(a) Name the gas released in this experiment.

Namakan gas yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen ini.

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_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) In Table below, state the colour of the residue of this experiment when it is hot and when it is cold.
Pada Jadual di bawah, nyatakan warna baki eksperimen ini apabila panas dan apabila sejuk.

Table
Jadual
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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 (c) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas ini.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) 12.5 g of zinc carbonate, ZnCO3 is heated during this experiment.
Calculate the volume of gas released.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12; O = 16; Zn = 65; 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room conditions]
12.5 g zink karbonat, ZnCO3 dipanaskan semasa eksperimen ini.
Hitung isi padu gas yang dibebaskan.
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12; O = 16; Zn = 65; 1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3 pada keadaan bilik]

[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(e) The residue of this experiment is reacted with substance X to produce zinc chloride, ZnCl2 solution.
Baki eksperimen ini ditindakbalaskan dengan bahan X untuk menghasilkan larutan zink klorida, ZnCl2.

(i) What is substance X?

Apakah bahan X?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) How many moles of ions in one mole of zinc chloride?
Berapakah bilangan mol ion-ion dalam satu mol zink klorida?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)State one cation present in zinc chloride solution.
Nyatakan satu kation yang hadir dalam larutan zink klorida.

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

3. (a) What is the meaning of empirical formula?

Apakah maksud formula empirik?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) Diagram below shows an incomplete equation which is one of the steps involved in determining the
empirical formula.
Complete this equation.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan persamaan tak lengkap yang merupakan satu daripada langkah dalam
menentukan formula empirik.
Lengkapkan persamaan itu.

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 Diagram /Rajah

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(c) Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for two methods used to determine the empirical formula of
two compounds.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua kaedah yang digunakan untuk menentukan formula
empirik bagi dua sebatian.

Diagram
Rajah

(i) Which method is suitable to be used to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide?
Kaedah yang manakah sesuai digunakan untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Why did you choose the method in (c)(i)?
Mengapakah anda memilih kaedah di (c)(i)?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)When carrying out an experiment using Method I, why does the crucible lid need to be opened once a
while?
Semasa menjalankan eksperimen menggunakan Kaedah I, mengapakah penutup mangkuk pijar perlu
dibuka sekali sekala?

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Diagram below shows the results for an experiment to determine the empirical formula of lead oxide.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keputusan bagi satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi
plumbum oksida.

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 Diagram
Rajah

Based on Diagram above, determine the values of the following:

Berdasarkan Rajah di atas, tentukan nilai yang berikut:

[Relative atomic mass: O = 16, Pb = 207]

[Jisim atom relatif: O = 16, Pb = 207]
(i) Mass of lead/Jisim plumbum

= ________________________________ g
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Number of moles of lead/Bilangan mol plumbum

= ________________________________ mol
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) Mass of oxygen/Jisim oksigen

= ________________________________ g
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iv)Number of moles of oxygen/Bilangan mol oksigen

= ________________________________ mol
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(v) Empirical formula of lead oxide/Formula empirik bagi plumbum oksida

= ________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

4. Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula of copper oxide.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi kuprum oksida.

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 Diagram
Rajah

Table below shows the result of this experiment.

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

Table
Jadual

(a)(i) What is the meaning of empirical formula?

Apakah maksud formula empirik?

________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)State the function of the anhydrous calcium chloride.
Nyatakan fungsi kalsium klorida terhidrat.

________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
b) (i) Based on Table above, calculate the mass of:
Berdasarkan Jadual di atas, hitung jisim bagi:

Copper/Kuprum:

Oxygen/Oksigen:

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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 ii) Calculate the ratio of moles of copper atoms to oxygen atoms. Use
[Relative atomic mass: Cu = 64, O = 16]
Hitung nisbah mol bagi atom kuprum kepada atom oksigen.
[Jisim atom relatif: Cu = 64, O = 16]

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
iii)Determine the empirical formula of copper oxide.
Tentukan formula empirik bagi kuprum oksida.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
c) (i) Why is hydrogen gas passed through the combustion tube after heating has stopped?
Mengapakah gas hidrogen dialirkan melalui tiub pembakaran selepas pemanasan tamat?

_______________________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii)State how to determine that the reaction between copper oxide with hydrogen has completed.
Nyatakan bagaimana untuk menentukan bahawa tindak balas yang berlaku antara kuprum oksida
dengan hidrogen telah lengkap.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
d) (i) State why the empirical formula of magnesium oxide cannot be determined by using the same
technique.
Nyatakan mengapa formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida tidak dapat ditentukan dengan
menggunakan teknik yang sama.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

ii) State the name of another metal oxide whose empirical formula can be determined using the same
technique.

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 Nyatakan nama suatu logam oksida lain yang formula empiriknya boleh ditentukan menggunakan
teknik yang sama.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_

_______________________________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark] / [1 markah]

SEK
MODEL
KHAS Jawapan
BUKIT
JENUN

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 SPM Kimia Tingkatan 4,5 - Untitled Kertas 2
1.(a) (i) Mole concept
Konsep mol
(ii) H2O
(iii)Carbon12
Karbon12

(b) (i) Number of mole of CO2

Bilangan mol CO2 =

= 0.25 mole
1 mole CO2 = 44 g
Therefore 0.25 mole
Jadi 0.25 mole = 0.25 44
= 11 g
(ii) l mole = 6.02 1023 molecules
Therefore 0.25 mole
Jadi 0.25 mole = 0.25 6.02 1023
= 1.505 1023 molecules
(iii)Carbon dioxide with a mass of 11 g and a volume of 6.0 dm3 is equivalent to 0.25
mole containing 1.505 1023 molecules CO2.
Karbon dioksida dengan jisim 11 g dan isi padu 6.0 dm3 adalah sama dengan 0.25
mol yang mengandungi 1.505 1023 molekul CO2.

2. (a) Carbon dioxide

Karbon dioksida
(b) Hot yellow
Panas kuning
Cold white
Sejuk putih
(c) ZnCO3 ZnO + CO2
(d)
= 0.1 mole

0.1 24 = 2.4 dm3

(e) (i) Hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklorik
(ii) 3 moles/3 mol
(iii)Zinc(II) ion
Ion zink(II)

3.(a) It shows only the simplest ratio of elements present in its formula.
Ia menunjukkan cuma nisbah teringkas unsur-unsur dalam formulanya.

(b) Number of moles of atom

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 Bilangan mol atom

(c) (i) Method (I)/Kaedah (I)

(ii) Because magnesium is an active element. It is easily oxidised to MgO.
Sebab magnesium ialah unsur aktif. Ia adalah lebih mudah dioksidakan kepada
MgO.
(iii)To let in air (oxygen) so as to make sure that the magnesium is completely
oxidised.
Membolehkan udara (oksigen) masuk supaya magnesium dapat dioksidakan
dengan lengkapnya.

(d) (i) Mass of lead

Jisim plumbum
113.68 64.00 = 49.68 g
(ii)
Number of moles = = 0.24
Bilangan mol
(iii)Mass of oxygen
Jisim oksigen
117.52 113.68 = 3.84 g oxygen
117.52 113.68 = 3.84 g oksigen
(iv)
Number of moles = = 0.24
Bilangan mol
(v) PbO

4.(a) (i) An empirical formula is a formula that shows only the simplest ratio of atoms of
each element in a compound. It does not show the actual number of mole atoms of
each element in it.
Formula empirik ialah formula yang menunjukkan nisbah yang paling ringkas,
atom-atom setiap unsur di dalam satu sebatian. Ia tidak menunjukkan bilangan
sebenarnya mol atom setiap unsur yang terkandung di dalamnya.
(ii) To dry the hydrogen gas. Anhydrous calcium chloride is a drying agent.
Untuk mengeringkan gas hidrogen. Kalsium klorida terhidrat ialah agen
pengering.

(b) Copper: 40.25 32.25 = 8.00 g

Kuprum:
(i)
Oxygen: 42.25 40.25 = 2.00 g
Oksigen:

(ii)

10
 (iii)CuO

(c) To prevent the hot copper from recombining with oxygen in the air to form
copper(II) oxide again
(i)
Untuk menghalang kuprum yang panas dari berpadu dengan oksigen dari udara
untuk membentuk semula kuprum(II) oksida
The heating, cooling and weighing process are repeated until a constant weight is
obtained.
(ii)
Pemanasan, penyejukan dan penimbangan diulang sehingga berat yang malar
diperoleh.

(d) Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen.

(i)
Magnesium adalah lebih reaktif dari hidrogen.
Lead(II) oxide / Tin(II) oxide
(ii)
Plumbum(II) oksida / Stanum(II) oksida

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