The Periodic Table of the Elements, in Pictures

Periods

Alkali Noble
The color of the symbol is
Metals Atomic Atomic Solid the color of the element in Metals Color Key Nonmetals Gases
Number
Group 1 number of 18

Liquid its most common pure form.

Symbol protons Examples metallic solid
H 1 Gas red liquid He 2
Hydrogen Symbols at room colorless gas Helium
Alkali temperature H
1 Earth A Z Human Body Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen 1

sesNo
ensGa
Halog
Metals _____ium top ten elements by weight Group Group Group Group Halogens

ble
MetalsEarth
MetalsAlkali
Nonmetals

Sun and Earth's Crust Metalloids

Stars 2 Name top eight elements by weight Transition Metals 13 14 15 16 17 Balloons
3 Be 4 Magnetic
Metals
Poor
6N 7
Li Lithium Beryllium ferromagnetic at room temperature B Boron 5 C Carbon Nitrogen O Oxygen 8 F Fluorine 9 Ne Neon 10
Widgets Noble Metals Superheavy Elements
corrosion-resistant
2 Radioactive Rare Earth Metals 2
all isotopes are radioactive
How it is (or was) used Only Traces Found in Nature Actinide Metals Sports Basis of Life's Advertising
Batteries Emeralds or where it occurs in nature less than a millionth percent of earth's crust Equipment Molecules Protein Air Toothpaste Signs
Na 11 Mg 12 Never Found in Nature Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 Cl 17 Ar 18
Sodium Magnesium only made by people Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon

3 3
Transition Metals
Stone, Sand, Swimming
Salt Chlorophyll 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Airplanes and Soil Bones Egg Yolks Pools Light Bulbs
K 19 Ca 20 Sc 21 Ti 22 V 23 Cr 24 Mn 25 Fe 26 Co 27 Ni 28 Cu 29 Zn 30 Ga 31 Ge 32 As 33 Se 34 Br 35 Kr 36
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton

4 4
Fruits and Shells and Stainless Steel Electric Brass Light-Emitting Semiconductor Photography
Vegetables Bones Bicycles Aerospace Springs Steel Earthmovers Structures Magnets Coins Wires Instruments Diodes (LEDs) Electronics Poison Copiers Film Flashlights
Rb 37 Sr 38 Y 39 Zr 40 Nb 41 Mo 42 Tc 43 Ru 44 Rh 45 Pd 46 Ag 47 Cd 48 In 49 Sn 50 Sb 51 Te 52 I 53 Xe 54
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon

5 5

Global Fireworks Lasers Chemical Mag Lev Cutting Radioactive Electric Searchlight Pollution Jewelry Paint Liquid Crystal Plated Car Thermoelectric Disinfectant High-Intensity
Navigation Pipelines Trains Tools Diagnosis Switches Reflectors Control Displays (LCDs) Food Cans Batteries Coolers Lamps

Cs 55 Ba 56 Hf 72 Ta 73 W 74 Re 75 Os 76 Ir 77 Pt 78 Au 79 Hg 80 Tl 81 Pb 82 Bi 83 Po 84 At 85 Rn
Cesium Barium 57 - 71 Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon 86
Rare
6 Earth 6
Metals
Atomic X-Ray Nuclear Mobile Lamp Rocket Low-Temperature Fire Anti-Static Radioactive Surgical
Clocks Diagnosis Submarines Phones Filaments Engines Pen Points Spark Plugs Labware Jewelry Thermometers Thermometers Weights Sprinklers Brushes Medicine Implants
Fr 87 Ra 88 89 - 103 Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Ds 110 Rg 111 Cn 112 Nh 113 Fl 114 Mc 115 Lv 116 Ts 117 Og 118
Francium Radium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Actinide
7 7
Metals Superheavy Elements
Laser Luminous
Atom Traps Watches radioactive, never found in nature, no uses except atomic research
119 120 121...
8 La 57 Ce 58 Pr 59 Nd 60 Pm 61 Sm 62 Eu 63 Gd 64 Tb 65 Dy 66 Ho 67 Er 68 Tm 69 Yb 70 Lu 71
Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
Rare
Earth 6
Metals
Telescope Lighter Torchworkers' Electric Motor Luminous Electric Motor Color MRI Fluorescent Smart Material Laser Optical Fiber Laser Scientific Photodynamic
Lenses Flints Eyeglasses Magnets Dials Magnets Televisions Diagnosis Lamps Actuators Surgery Communications Surgery Fiber Lasers Medicine
Ac 89 Th 90 Pa 91 U 92 Np 93 Pu 94 Am 95 Cm 96 Bk 97 Cf 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102 Lr 103
Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Actinide

Metals
Radioactive Gas Lamp Radioactive Nuclear Radioactive Nuclear Smoke Mineral Radioactive Mineral radioactive, never found in nature, no uses except atomic research
Medicine Mantles Waste Power Waste Weapons Detectors Analyzers Waste Analyzers
elements.wlonk.com Copyright 20052016 Keith Enevoldsen See website for terms of
use.
 The Periodic Table of the Elements, in Words
but differe
Some isoto
Hydrogen belongs to no definite group. It forms Noble Gases are inactive, or inert. Each atom their nucle
compounds by either donating an electron like an alkali has exactly the number of electrons it needs to have half-life is
metal or accepting an electron like a halogen. Atoms Chemical Bonding a full outer shell, so these atoms almost never bond On this ch
with other atoms. That is why these are all gases. half-life of
Periods

Alkali Metals
salts and alkali (acid-neutralizing)
are very reactive Nucleus of
protons and
Particles
-1 Electron
Atoms form molecules by bonding together. Atoms give, take, or
share electrons to achieve full outer electron shells.
Ag Ag Ag partly like nonmetals. are usually britt le form compounds but are
otherwise

Group 1 and readily form compounds but are neutrons +1 Proton

Na Cl Ag Ag
Metalloids are Nonmetals, in Halogens are reactive 18
H O H
not found free in nature. They form 0 Neutron partly like metals and their solid state, nonmetals and readily

H Hydrogen 1 Electron H He Helium 2

explosive gas, compounds such as baking soda. In shells Na
+
Cl

H O Ag Ag For example, they are (they break rather not found free in nature. inert gas, second
lightest element; pure form, they are very soft metals An atom has a nucleus, made of protons and neutrons, Salt Water Silver semiconductors, which than bend) and They combine with alkali lightest element;
90% of atoms in which catch fire on contact with surrounded by electrons orbiting in cloud-like shells. means they conduct they are insulators metals to form salts fuel for nuclear
1 the universe, water. Smaller shells are surrounded by larger shells. Ionic bond Covalent bond Metallic bond electricity in some of both heat and (halogen means fusion in sun
sun and stars, One atom takes an Atoms share their Shared outer conditions. electricity. salt-former). and stars,
water (H20), The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. electron from another outer electrons. electrons flow, balloons, lasers,
life's organic Alkali Earth This determines the chemical properties of the atom. atom and the oppositely conducting heat supercold
molecules
2 Metals are reactive Protons have positive electric charge, neutrons are neutral, charged ions attract. and electricity.
13 14 15 16 17 refrigerant
Li Lithium 3 Be Beryllium 4 and readily form and electrons are negative. Normally, an atom has equal Groups B Boron 5 C Carbon 6 N Nitrogen 7 O Oxygen 8 F Fluorine 9Ne Neon 10
lightest metal, lightweight metal; compounds but are numbers of protons and electrons. An ion is a charged atom Elements in the same group, or column, are similar because they hard black solid; hard diamond, colorless gas; colorless gas; yellowish inert gas;
soft, reactive; non-sparking not found free in with more or fewer electrons than protons. typically have the same number of outer electrons. This table borax soap, soft graphite; 78% of air, 21% of air, H2O, poison gas, orange-red
lightweight copper alloy tools,
nature. Their oxides The atomic weight of an element is the average number of shows some easy-to-remember common numbers for each group. fertilizer, basis of life's organic molecules, 65% of the body, most reactive neon tubes for
2 aluminum alloys, aerospace, are called alkali protons plus neutrons. You can easily estimate the atomic stiff fibers, organic molecules, protein, muscles, organic molecules, element; advertising signs,
batteries, X-ray windows, Group number 1 2 3-12 13 14 15 16 17 18 sports equipment, animals, plants, DNA, ammonia, blood, breathing, glowing fluorite, lasers,
impact-resistant beryl gems: earths. In pure weight: it is usually 2 to 2.5 times the atomic number. Outer electrons* 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 heat-resistant CO2, wood, paper, fertilizer, fire, half of toothpaste, supercold
ceramic cookware, emeralds and form, they are soft An element is a substance made from one or more atoms of borosilicate glass, cloth, plastic, explosives (TNT), Earth's crust, nonstick cookware, refrigerant
Valence number* +1 +2 +2 +3 +4,-4 -3 -2 -1 0
mood stabilizer aquamarines and somewhat brittle the same atomic number. A compound is a substance made * typical The valence number is the number of electrons semiconductors coal, oil, gasoline refrigerants minerals, oxides CFC refrigerants
Na Sodium 11 Mg Magnesium 12 metals. from two or more elements chemically bonded. given (+) or taken (-) when bonding. Al Aluminum 13 Si Silicon 14 P Phosphorus 15 S Sulfur 16 Cl Chlorine 17 Ar Argon 18
soft metal, lightweight metal; lightweight non- hard metalloid; glowing white waxy brittle yellow solid; greenish poison gas; inert gas;
reactive; chlorophyll in corroding metal; quartz, granite, solid (also red skin, hair, salt (NaCl), bleach, 1% of air,
salt (NaCl), nerves, green plants, Transition Metals are typical metals: they are strong, shiny, Poor Metals are usually kitchenware, cans, sand, soil, clay, and black forms); egg yolks, onions, stomach acid, most abundant
baking soda, talc, basalt, malleable (they can be hammered into shape), flexible (in thin soft and have low melting foil, machinery, ceramics, glass, bones, DNA, garlic, skunks, disinfectant, inert gas,
3 antacids, lye, soap, aluminum alloys, sheets or wires), and they conduct both heat and electricity. temperatures. cars, planes, bikes, algae, diatoms, energy-storing hot springs, drinking water, light bulbs,
soda ash, glass, cars, planes, bikes, feldspar, granite, semiconductors, phosphates (ATP), volcanos, gypsum, swimming pools, "neon" tubes,

papermaking, flares, sparklers, clay, ceramics, computer chips, fertilizer, acids, rubber, acids, PVC plastic lasers,
street lamps antacids 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 corundum, gems silicone rubber detergent, matches papermaking pipes and bottles welding gas
K Potassium 19 Ca Calcium 20 Sc Scandium 21 Ti Titanium 22 V Vanadium 23 Cr Chromium 24 Mn Manganese 25 Fe Iron 26 Co Cobalt 27 Ni Nickel 28 Cu Copper 29 Zn Zinc 30 Ga Gallium 31 Ge Germanium 32 As Arsenic 33 Se Selenium 34 Br Bromine 35 Kr Krypton 36
soft metal, soft metal; soft lightweight strongest hard metal; hard shiny metal; hard metal; medium-hard hard metal, medium-hard colored metal, non-corroding soft metal, melts brittle metalloid; brittle metalloid; brittle gray solid; dark red liquid; inert gas;
reactive; bones, teeth, milk, metal; lightweight metal, hard strong stainless steel hard tough steel, metal, magnetic; magnetic; metal, magnetic; conducts heat and metal; on a hot day; semiconductors, poisons, photocopiers, disinfectant, high-intensity
salts, nerves, leaves, vegetables, aluminum alloys, heat-resistant; resilient steel, (Fe-Cr-Ni), earthmovers, steel alloys hard strong steel, stainless steel electricity well; galvanized steel, semiconductors, transistors, semiconductors, laser printers, pools and spas, lamps, headlights,
4 nutrients in fruits shells, coral, racing bikes, aerospace, structures, kitchenware, rock crushers, are mostly iron, cutting tools, (Fe-Cr-Ni), wires, cookware, brass (Cu-Zn), light-emitting rectifiers, diodes, light-emitting photocells, photo film, flashlights,
and vegetables, limestone, chalk, stadium lamps, racing bikes, vehicles, springs, nichrome heaters, rails, plows, axes, structures, turbines, kitchenware, brass (Cu-Zn), batteries, white diodes (LEDs) photocells, diodes (LEDs) red glass, flame retardant, lanterns,
soap, fertilizer, gypsum, plaster, furnace bricks, artificial joints, driveshafts, tools, car trim, paints, batteries, vehicles, magnets, magnets (Al-Ni-Co), nichrome heaters, bronze (Cu-Sn), paint, phosphors (GaAs), lenses, (GaAs), dandruff shampoo, leaded gasoline, "neon" tubes,
potash, matches, mortar, cement, aquamarines white paint, aerospace, recording tape, fertilizer, Earth's core, blue glass, ceramics, nicad batteries, coins, pipes, in TVs and lamps, signal lights, infrared windows signal lights, rubber sedatives lasers
gunpowder marble, antacids blue sapphires violet sapphires emeralds & rubies amethysts red rocks, blood vitamin B-12 coins, Earth's core blue crab blood fertilizer tiny lasers tiny lasers
Rb Rubidium 37 Sr Strontium 38 Y Yttrium 39 Zr Zirconium 40 Nb Niobium 41 MoMolybdenum 42 Tc Technetium 43 Ru Ruthenium 44 Rh Rhodium 45 Pd Palladium 46 Ag Silver 47 Cd Cadmium 48 In Indium 49 Sn Tin 50 Sb Antimony 51 Te Tellurium 52 I Iodine 53 Xe Xenon 54
soft metal, soft metal; soft metal; non-corroding high-melting-point high-melting-point radioactive, non-corroding non-corroding non-corroding soft shiny metal, non-corroding soft metal; non-corroding brittle metalloid; brittle metalloid; violet-black solid; inert gas;
reactive; red fireworks, phosphors in neutron-resistant non-corroding metal; long-lived; hard metal; hard shiny metal; hard metal, conducts soft metal, toxic; solders, soft metal; solders, alloys, disinfectant for high-intensity
atomic clocks, flares, color TVs, metal; metal; hard steel, first human-made electric contacts, labware, absorbs hydrogen; electricity best electroplated glass seals, solders, lead hardener, semiconductors, wounds and lamps, headlights,
5 global navigation phosphors, lasers (YAG, YLF), chemical pipelines, chemical pipelines, cutting tools, element, only leaf switches, reflectors, labware, of all elements; steel, glass coatings, plated food cans, batteries, bullets, photocopiers, drinking water, stadium lamps,
(GPS), nuclear batteries, furnace bricks, nuclear reactors, superconductors, drill bits, traces on Earth pen tips. electric contacts, electric contacts, jewelry, nicad batteries, liquid crystal bronze (Cu-Sn), semiconductors, computer disks, added to salt projectors,
vacuum tube medical high-temperature furnace bricks, magnetic armor plate, but found in stars, catalyst, thermocouples, dentistry, silverware, coins, red and yellow displays (LCDs), pewter cups, photocells, thermo-electric to prevent strobes, lasers,
scavenger diagnostic tracer, superconductors abrasives, levitation trains, gun barrels, medical hydrogen catalyst, catalyst, dentistry, paints, semiconductors, glassmaking, matches, coolers and thyroid disease, spacecraft
nuclear fallout zircon gems MRI magnets fertilizer diagnostic tracer production pollution control pollution control photo film fire sprinklers diodes, photocells fire sprinklers flame retardant generators photo film ion engines
5
7

7
Cs Cesium 55 Ba Barium 56 1 Hf Hafnium 72 Ta Tantalum 73 W Tungsten 74 Re Rhenium 75 Os Osmium 76 Ir Iridium 77 Pt Platinum 78 Au Gold 79 Hg Mercury 80 Tl Thallium 81 Pb Lead 82 Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon 86
soft metal, melts soft metal, non-corroding high-melting-point highest-melting- high-melting-point non-corroding non-corroding non-corroding most malleable liquid metal, soft metal, dense, soft, low-melting-point radioactive, radioactive, radioactive gas,
on a hot day, absorbs X-rays; metal, non-corroding point metal, dense; dense metal; high-melting-point hard metal, dense metal; element, dense toxic; toxic; non-corroding brittle metal; long-lived; short-lived; short-lived;
reactive, largest stomach X-ray Rare absorbs neutrons; metal; filaments in rocket engines, hard metal, densest element labware, non-tarnishing thermometers, low-melting-point metal, toxic; solders, fuses, first radioactive small traces environmental
6 stable atoms; contrast enhancer, Earth nuclear reactor labware, lamps and TVs, heater coils, densest element (same as osmium); spark plugs, colored metal; barometers, mercury alloys, weights, solders, fire sprinklers element found, in nature, hazard,
atomic clocks, green firworks, control rods in surgical tools, cutting tools, lab filaments, (same as iridium); labware, catalyst, jewelry, coins, thermostats, low-temperature batteries, bullets, (plugs melt small traces cancer medicine surgical implants
global navigation whitener and filler Metals submarines, artificial joints, abrasives, electric contacts, electric contacts, spark plugs, pollution control, ultra-thin street lamps, thermometers, crystal glass, when hot), in nature, for cancer
(GPS), vacuum for paper, plastic, plasma torch capacitors, thermocouples thermocouples, pen tips, needles, pen tips, needles petroleum cracking, gold leaf, fluorescent lamps, undersea lamps, old plumbing, cosmetics pigment anti-static brushes, treatment
tube scavenger and rubber electrodes mobile phones catalyst fingerprint powder processing fats electric contacts dentistry photocells radiation shield tobacco
Fr Francium 87 Ra Radium 88 89 - 103 Rf 104 Db 105 Sg 106 Bh 107 Hs 108 Mt 109 Ds 110 Rg 111 Cn 112 Nh 113 Fl 114 Mc 115 Lv 116 Ts 117 Og 118
radioactive, radioactive, Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
short-lived long-lived;
atoms larger luminous watches
7 than cesium; (now banned),
Actinide
small traces medical radon Metals Superheavy Elements
in nature, production,
studied in radiography,
laser atom traps radwaste radioactive, short-lived; never found in nature, no uses except atomic research
119 120 121...
8 La Lanthanum 57 Ce Cerium 58 Pr Praseodymium 59 Nd Neodymium 60 Pm Promethium 61 Sm Samarium 62 Eu Europium 63 Gd Gadolinium 64 Tb Terbium 65 Dy Dysprosium 66 Ho Holmium 67 Er Erbium 68 Tm Thulium 69 Yb Ytterbium 70 Lu Lutetium 71
soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; radioactive, soft metal; soft metal; soft metal, best soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; soft metal; soft metal,
Rare Earth Metals are all soft metals. optical glass, most abundant torchworkers' strong magnets long-lived; magnets (Sm-Co), phosphors in neutron absorber, phosphors in nuclear infrared lasers, fiber optic rarest stable fiber optic densest and
They are chemically similar to scandium and telescope rare earth metal, didymium eye- (Nd-Fe-B), human-made, electric motors, color TVs and magnetic; color TVs and control rods, laser surgery, signal amplifiers, rare earth metal, signal amplifiers, hardest
eyepieces, lighter flints, glasses (Pr-Nd), electric motors, small traces speakers and trichromatic lamps,magnetic resonancetrichromatic lamps, MRI phosphors, eye-safe laser infrared lasers, infrared lasers, infrared rare earth metal;
yttrium and are difficult to separate from
camera lenses, gas lamp mantles, lighter flints, speakers and in nature, headphones, luminous paint, imaging (MRI) computer disks, computer disks, rangefinders, laser surgery, laser surgery, fiber lasers, cancer-fighting
each other. lighter flints, self-cleaning arc lamps, headphones, luminous dials, infrared sensors, lasers contrast enhancer, magnetostrictive magnetostrictive computer disks, pink glass, phosphors stainless steel photodynamic
Actinide Metals are all radioactive arc lamps ovens, magnets, lasers, sheet thickness infrared-absorbing phosphors, neutron smart materials smart materials yellow glass filters sunglasses, alloys (light-activated)
heavy metals. They are used mainly for glass polishing yellow glass lighter flints gauges glass radiography (Terfenol-D) (Terfenol-D) vanadium alloys medicine
their radioactive properties. Ac Actinium 89 Th Thorium 90 Pa Protactinium 91 U Uranium 92 Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es 99 Fm 100 Md 101 No 102Lr 103

radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, radioactive, Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Radioactivity. Atoms with the same number of protons long-lived; long-lived; long-lived; long-lived, dense; long-lived; long-lived; long-lived; long-lived; long-lived; long-lived;
1