MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

SYSTEM (MIS)
Introduction
Learning Objectives

Define what is management.

Define what is information.
Define what are systems.
Define what an information system is by identifying its
major components.
Types of information systems.
Define management information system.
Management
Management is the process of reaching organizational
goals by working with and through people and other
organizational resources.

Good management is the backbone of successful

organizations.
Data vs. Information
Data is defined as 'groups of non-random symbols in the
form of text, images, voice representing quantities, actions
and objects'.

Information is a sequence of symbols, signs, characters

that can be interpreted to form a useful message and is
used to make decisions.

To transform data into information, processing is needed and

it must be done while considering the context of a decision.
Information vs. Data
Example:
If we give you a number 1-212-290-4700, it does not make
any sense on its own. It is just a raw data.

After processing

Tel: +1-212-290-4700, it starts making sense. It becomes a

telephone number.
Information/Data Collection Techniques
The most popular data collection techniques include:

Surveys: A questionnaire is prepared to collect the data

from the field.
Secondary data sources or archival data: Data is
collected through old records, magazines, company
website, etc.

Objective measures or tests: An experimental test is

conducted on the subject and the data is collected.

Interviews: Data is collected by the system analyst by

following a rigid procedure and collecting the answers to a
set of pre-conceived questions through personal interviews.
 systems
system is a collection of elements or components that are
organized for a common purpose.
Information System
Information systems are combinations of hardware,
software, and telecommunications networks that people
build and use to collect, process, create, and distribute
useful data, typically in organizational settings.
Information system components
1. Information systems hardware: is the part of an
information system you can touch the physical
components of the technology. Computers, keyboards,
disk drives, and iPads.
2. Software is a set of instructions that tells the hardware
what to do. Software is not tangible it cannot be
touched.
3. Data The third component is data. You can think of data
as a collection of facts. For example, your street address,
the city you live in, and your phone number are all pieces
of data. Like software, data is also not tangible
4. Networking Communication An information system can
exist without the ability to communicate
Information system types
 Transaction Processing System
A computerized system that performs and records daily
routine transactions necessary to conduct the business.

TPSs are information systems that process data resulting

from the occurrence of business transactions.

Example: payroll system; production instructions.

Management Information System
Management Information Systems are management-
level systems that are used by middle managers to help
ensure the smooth running of the organization in the short
to medium term.

provides information for managing an organization.

- Extract and summarize data from TPSs.
- Allow managers to monitor & direct the organization.
- Provide accurate feedback.
Executive Support System
5-year operating plan