P

Packet T
Tracer - Navigatting the IOS
T
Topology

O
Objectives
Part 1: Ba
asic Connec
ctions, Acces
ssing the CLI and Exploring Help
Part 2: Ex
xploring EXE
EC Modes
Part 3: Se
etting the Clo
ock

B
Backgroun
nd
In this acttivity, you will practice skillss necessary for
f navigating
g the Cisco IO
OS, including different
d user access
modes, va arious configu uration modess, and commo on commandss you use on a regular bassis. You also practice
accessing g the context-sensitive Help by configuring the clock k command.

P
Part 1: Basic
B Con
nnections
s, Access
sing the CLI
C and Exploring
E g Help
In Part 1 of
o this activity
y, you connecct a PC to a sw
witch using a console conn
nection and explore
e variou
us
command d modes and Help featuress.

S
Step 1: Con
nnect PC1 to
t S1 uses a console cable.
c
a. Click the Connections icon (the
e one that loo
oks like a lighttning bolt) in the
t lower left corner of the
e Packet
Traceer window.
b. Selecct the light blue Console caable by clickin
ng it. The mou
use pointer wiill change to what
w appearss to be a
conneector with a ca able dangling
g off of it.
c. Click PC1; a windo
ow displays an option for an
a RS-232 con
nnection.
d. Drag the other end
d of the conso
ole connection
n to the S1 sw
witch and click the switch to bring up the
e
conne
ection list.
e. Selecct the Console
e port to comp
plete the conn
nection.

S
Step 2: Establish a terrminal session with S1.
a. Click PC1 and then
n select the Desktop
D tab.
b. Click the Terminall application icon; verify tha
at the Port Co
onfiguration default
d gs are correct.
setting
What is the setting
g for bits per second?
s
c. Click OK.

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Packet Tracer - Navigating the IOS

d. The screen that appears may have several messages displayed. Somewhere on the display there should
be a Press RETURN to get started! message. Press ENTER.
What is the prompt displayed on the screen?

Step 3: Explore the IOS Help.

a. The IOS can provide help for commands depending on the level being accessed. The prompt currently
being displayed is called User EXEC and the device is waiting for a command. The most basic form of
help is to type a question mark (?) at the prompt to display a list of commands.
S1> ?
Which command begins with the letter C?
b. At the prompt, type t, followed by a question mark (?).
S1> t?

Which commands are displayed?

c. At the prompt, type te, followed by a question mark (?).
S1> te?

Which commands are displayed?

This type of help is known as context-sensitive Help, providing more information as the commands are
expanded.

Part 2: Exploring EXEC Modes

In Part 2 of this activity, you switch to privileged EXEC mode and issue additional commands.

Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode.

a. At the prompt, type the question mark (?).
S1> ?
What information is displayed that describes the enable command?
b. Type en and press the Tab key.
S1> en<Tab>
What displays after pressing the Tab key?
This is called command completion or tab completion. When part of a command is typed, the Tab key can
be used to complete the partial command. If the characters typed are enough to make the command
unique, as in the case with the enable command, the remaining portion is displayed.
What would happen if you were to type te<Tab> at the prompt?

c. Enter the enable command and press ENTER. How does the prompt change?

d. When prompted, type the question mark (?).

S1# ?

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Packet Tracer - Navigating the IOS

Previously there was one command that started with the letter C in user EXEC mode. How many
commands are displayed now that privileged EXEC mode is active? (Hint: you could type c? to list just
the commands beginning with C.)

Step 2: Enter Global Configuration mode.

a. One of the commands starting with the letter C is configure when in Privileged EXEC mode. Type either
the full command or enough of the command to make it unique along with the <Tab> key to issue the
command and press <ENTER>.
S1# configure
What is the message that is displayed?

b. Press the <ENTER> key to accept the default parameter enclosed in brackets [terminal].
How does the prompt change?
c. This is called global configuration mode. This mode will be explored further in upcoming activities and
labs. For now exit back to Privileged EXEC mode by typing end, exit or Ctrl-Z.
S1(config)# exit
S1#

Part 3: Setting the Clock

Step 1: Use the clock command.
a. Use the clock command to further explore Help and command syntax. Type show clock at the privileged
EXEC prompt.
S1# show clock
What information is displayed? What is the year that is displayed?

b. Use the context-sensitive Help and the clock command to set the time on the switch to the current time.
Enter the command clock and press ENTER.
S1# clock<ENTER>
What information is displayed?
c. The % Incomplete command message is returned by the IOS indicating that the clock command
needs further parameters. Any time more information is needed help can be provided by typing a space
after the command and the question mark (?).
S1# clock ?
What information is displayed?
d. Set the clock using the clock set command. Continue proceeding through the command one step at a
time.
S1# clock set ?
What information is being requested?
What would have been displayed if only the clock set command had been entered and no request for
help was made by using the question mark?

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Packet Tracer - Navigating the IOS

e. Based on the information requested by issuing the clock set ? command, enter a time of 3:00 p.m. by
using the 24-hour format of 15:00:00. Check to see if further parameters are needed.
S1# clock set 15:00:00 ?
The output returns the request for more information:
<1-31> Day of the month
MONTH Month of the year
f. Attempt to set the date to 01/31/2035 using the format requested. It may be necessary to request
additional help using the context-sensitive Help to complete the process. When finished, issue the show
clock command to display the clock setting. The resulting command output should display as:
S1# show clock
*15:0:4.869 UTC Tue Jan 31 2035
g. If you were not successful, try the following command to obtain the output above:
S1# clock set 15:00:00 31 Jan 2035

Step 2: Explore additional command messages.

a. The IOS provides various outputs for incorrect or incomplete commands as experienced in earlier
sections. Continue to use the clock command to explore additional messages that may be encountered
as you learn to use the IOS.
b. Issue the following command and record the messages:
S1# cl
What information was returned?
S1# clock
What information was returned?
S1# clock set 25:00:00
What information was returned?

S1# clock set 15:00:00 32

What information was returned?

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Packet Tracer - Navigating the IOS

Suggested Scoring Rubric

Question Possible Earned

Activity Section Location Points Points

Part 1: Basic Connections, Step 2a 5

Accessing the CLI and
Exploring Help Step 2c 5
Step 3a 5
Step 3b 5
Step 3c 5
Part 1 Total 25
Part 2: Exploring EXEC Step 1a 5
Modes
Step 1b 5
Step 1c 5
Step 1d 5
Step 2a 5
Step 2b 5
Part 2 Total 30
Part 3: Setting the Clock Step 1a 5
Step 1b 5
Step 1c 5
Step 1d 5
Step 2b 5
Part 3 Total 25
Packet Tracer Score 20
Total Score 100

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P
Packet Tracer
T - Identify
y MAC an
nd IP Ad
ddresse
es
T
Topology

O
Objectives
Part 1: Ga
ather PDU In
nformation
Part 2: Re
eflection Que
estions

B
Backgroun
nd
This activity is optimize
ed for viewing
g PDUs. The devices
d are a
already config
gured. You will gather PDU
U
on in simulatio
informatio on mode and answer a serries of questio
ons about the
e data you colllect.

P
Part 1: Gather
G PD
DU Inform
mation
Note: Rev view the Refle
ection Questions in Part 2 before proce
eeding with Pa
art 1. It will givve you an ide
ea of the
types of in
nformation yo
ou will need to
o gather.

S
Step 1: Ga
ather PDU in
nformation as a packett travels fro
om 172.16.31.2 to 10.10
0.10.3.
a. Click 172.16.31.2 and
a open the Command Prompt.
P
b. Enter the ping 10.10.10.3 comm
mand.
c. Switch to simulatio
on mode and repeat the pin
ng 10.10.10.3
3 command. A PDU appea
ars next to
172.16.31.2.
d. Click the PDU and note the follo
owing informa
ation from the
e Outbound P
PDU Layer ta
ab:
Destination
D MA
AC Address: 00D0:BA8E:7
0 741A
Source MAC Address:
A 000C
C:85CC:1DA7
7
Source IP Add
dress: 172.16..31.2
Destination
D IP Address: 10.10.10.3

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Packet Tracer - Identify MAC and IP Addresses

At Device: Computer
e. Click Capture / Forward to move the PDU to the next device. Gather the same information from Step 1d.
Repeat this process until the PDU reaches its destination. Record the PDU information you gathered into
a spreadsheet using a format like the table shown below:

Example Spreadsheet Format

Test At Device Dest. MAC Src MAC Src IPv4 Dest IPv4

Ping from 172.16.31.2 00D0:BA8E:741A 000C:85CC:1DA7 172.16.31.2 10.10.10.3

172.16.31.2
to 10.10.10.3 Hub -- -- -- --
Switch1 00D0:BA8E:741A 000C:85CC:1DA7 -- --
Router 0060:4706:572B 00D0:588C:2401 172.16.31.2 10.10.10.3
Switch0 0060:4706:572B 00D0:588C:2401 -- --
Access Point -- -- -- --
10.10.10.3 0060:4706:572B 00D0:588C:2401 172.16.31.2 10.10.10.3

Step 2: Gather additional PDU information from other pings.

Repeat the process in Step 1 and gather the information for the following tests:
Ping 10.10.10.2 from 10.10.10.3.
Ping 172.16.31.2 from 172.16.31.3.
Ping 172.16.31.4 from 172.16.31.5.
Ping 172.16.31.4 from 10.10.10.2.
Ping 172.16.31.3 from 10.10.10.2.

Part 2: Reflection Questions

Answer the following questions regarding the captured data:
1. Were there different types of wires used to connect devices?
2. Did the wires change the handling of the PDU in any way?
3. Did the Hub lose any of the information given to it?
4. What does the Hub do with MAC addresses and IP addresses?
5. Did the wireless Access Point do anything with the information given to it?

6. Was any MAC or IP address lost during the wireless transfer?

7. What was the highest OSI layer that the Hub and Access Point used?
8. Did the Hub or Access Point ever replicate a PDU that was rejected with a red X?
9. When examining the PDU Details tab, which MAC address appeared first, the source or the destination?

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Packet Tracer - Identify MAC and IP Addresses

10. Why would the MAC addresses appear in this order?

11. Was there a pattern to the MAC addressing in the simulation?

12. Did the switches ever replicate a PDU that was rejected with a red X?
13. Every time that the PDU was sent between the 10 network and the 172 network, there was a point where the
MAC addresses suddenly changed. Where did that occur?

14. Which device uses MAC addresses starting with 00D0?

15. To what devices did the other MAC addresses belong?

16. Did the sending and receiving IPv4 addresses switch in any of the PDUs?
17. If you follow the reply to a ping, sometimes called a pong, do the sending and receiving IPv4 addresses
switch?
18. What is the pattern to the IPv4 addressing in this simulation?

19. Why do different IP networks need to be assigned to different ports of a router?

20. If this simulation was configured with IPv6 instead of IPv4, what would be different?

Suggested Scoring Rubric

There are 20 questions worth 5 points each for a possible score of 100.

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L
Lab - Us
sing IOS
S CLI witth Switch MAC A
Address
s Tables
s
T
Topology

A
Addressing
g Table

Device Interface IP Ad
ddress Subnet Mas
sk Default Gateway

R1 G0/1
G 192.168
8.1.1 25
55.255.255.0
0 N/A
S1 VLAN
V 1 192.168
8.1.11 25
55.255.255.0
0 192.168.1.1
S2
2 VLAN
V 1 192.168
8.1.12 25
55.255.255.0
0 192.168.1.1
PC
C-A NIC
N 192.168
8.1.3 25
55.255.255.0
0 192.168.1.1
PC
C-B NIC
N 192.168
8.1.2 25
55.255.255.0
0 192.168.1.1

O
Objectives
Part 1: Bu
uild and Con
nfigure the Network
Cable
e the network according to the topology diagram.
Config
gure the netw
work devices according
a to the
t Addressin
ng Table.
Part 2: Ex
xamine the Switch
S MAC Address
A Tab
ble
Use show
s commands to observ ss of building tthe switch MA
ve the proces AC address ta
able.

B
Backgroun
nd / Scenarrio
The purpoose of a Layer 2 LAN switc ch is to deliver Ethernet fra
ames to host d
devices on th
he local netwoork. The
switch rec
cords host MAAC addresses s that are visible on the ne twork, and m
maps those MAAC addressess to its
own Ethernet switch poorts. This proc
cess is calledd building the MAC address table. When n a switch recceives a
m a PC, it exa
frame from amines the fraames source and destinattion MAC add dresses. The ssource MAC address

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Lab - Using IOS CLI with Switch MAC Address Tables

is recorded and mapped to the switch port from which it arrived. Then the destination MAC address is looked
up in the MAC address table. If the destination MAC address is a known address, then the frame is forwarded
out of the corresponding switch port of the MAC address. If the MAC address is unknown, then the frame is
broadcast out of all switch ports, except the one from which it came. It is important to observe and understand
the function of a switch and how it delivers data on the network. The way a switch operates has implications
for network administrators whose job it is to ensure secure and consistent network communication.
Switches are used to interconnect and deliver information to computers on local area networks. Switches
deliver Ethernet frames to host devices identified by network interface card MAC addresses.
In Part 1, you will build a multi-switch and router topology with a trunk linking the two switches. In Part 2, you
will ping various devices and observe how the two switches build their MAC address tables.
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with
Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). The switches used are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco
IOS Release 15.0(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches and Cisco IOS versions can be used.
Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary
from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of this lab for the
correct interface identifiers.
Note: Make sure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you
are unsure contact your instructor.

Required Resources
1 Router (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.0(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
2 PCs (Windows 7, Vista, or XP with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
Ethernet cables as shown in the topology
Note: The Fast Ethernet interfaces on Cisco 2960 switches are autosensing and an Ethernet straight-through
cable may be used between switches S1 and S2. If using another model Cisco switch, it may be necessary to
use an Ethernet crossover cable.

Part 1: Build and Configure the Network

Step 1: Cable the network according to the topology.

Step 2: Configure PC hosts.

Step 3: Initialize and reload the routers and switches as necessary.

Step 4: Configure basic settings for each switch.

a. Configure device name as shown in the topology.
b. Configure IP address and default gateway as listed in Addressing Table.
c. Assign cisco as the console and vty passwords.
d. Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.

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Lab - Using IOS CLI with Switch MAC Address Tables

Step 5: Configure basic settings for the router.

a. Disable DNS lookup.
b. Configure IP address for the router as listed in Addressing Table.
c. Configure device name as shown in the topology.
d. Assign cisco as the console and vty passwords.
e. Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.

Part 2: Examine the Switch MAC Address Table

A switch learns MAC addresses and builds the MAC address table, as network devices initiate
communication on the network.

Step 1: Record network device MAC addresses.

a. Open a command prompt on PC-A and PC-B and type ipconfig /all. What are the Ethernet adapter
physical addresses?
PC-A MAC Address:
PC-B MAC Address:
b. Console into router R1 and type the show interface G0/1 command. What is the hardware address?
R1 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 MAC Address:
c. Console into switch S1 and S2 and type the show interface F0/1 command on each switch. On the
second line of command output, what is the hardware addresses (or burned-in address [bia])?
S1 Fast Ethernet 0/1 MAC Address:
S2 Fast Ethernet 0/1 MAC Address:

Step 2: Display the switch MAC address table.

Console into switch S2 and view the MAC address table, both before and after running network
communication tests with ping.
a. Establish a console connection to S2 and enter privileged EXEC mode.
b. In privileged EXEC mode, type the show mac address-table command and press Enter.
S2# show mac address-table
Even though there has been no network communication initiated across the network (i.e., no use of ping),
it is possible that the switch has learned MAC addresses from its connection to the PC and the other
switch.
Are there any MAC addresses recorded in the MAC address table?

What MAC addresses are recorded in the table? To which switch ports are they mapped and to which
devices do they belong? Ignore MAC addresses that are mapped to the CPU.

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Lab - Using IOS CLI with Switch MAC Address Tables

If you had not previously recorded MAC addresses of network devices in Step 1, how could you tell which
devices the MAC addresses belong to, using only the output from the show mac address-table
command? Does it work in all scenarios?

Step 3: Clear the S2 MAC address table and display the MAC address table again.
a. In privileged EXEC mode, type the clear mac address-table dynamic command and press Enter.
S2# clear mac address-table dynamic
b. Quickly type the show mac address-table command again. Does the MAC address table have any
addresses in it for VLAN 1? Are there other MAC addresses listed?

Wait 10 seconds, type the show mac address-table command, and press Enter. Are there new
addresses in the MAC address table?

Step 4: From PC-B, ping the devices on the network and observe the switch MAC address
table.
a. From PC-B, open a command prompt and type arp -a. Not including multicast or broadcast addresses,
how many device IP-to-MAC address pairs have been learned by ARP?

b. From the PC-B command prompt, ping the router/gateway R1, PC-A, S1, and S2. Did all devices have
successful replies? If not, check your cabling and IP configurations.

c. From a console connection to S2, enter the show mac address-table command. Has the switch added
additional MAC addresses to the MAC address table? If so, which addresses and devices?

From PC-B, open a command prompt and retype arp -a. Does the PC-B ARP cache have additional
entries for all network devices that were sent pings?

Reflection
On Ethernet networks, data is delivered to devices by their MAC addresses. For this to happen, switches and
PCs dynamically build ARP caches and MAC address tables. With only a few computers on the network this
process seems fairly easy. What might be some of the challenges on larger networks?

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Lab - Using IOS CLI with Switch MAC Address Tables

Router Interface Summary Table

Router Interface Summary

Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2

1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many
interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router
class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device.
The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An
example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be
used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.

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P
Packet Tracer
T - Investig
gate Unicast, Brroadcas
st, and M
Multicastt
T
Traffic
T
Topology

O
Objectives
Part 1: Ge
enerate Unic
cast Traffic
Part 2: Ge
enerate Broa
adcast Traffic
Part 3: Investigate Mu
ulticast Trafffic

B
Backgroun
nd/Scenario
o
This activity will examin
ne unicast, brroadcast, and
d multicast be ehavior. Most traffic in a ne
etwork is unica
ast. When
a PC send ds an ICMP echo
e request to a remote ro outer, the souurce address in the IP paccket header iss the IP
address of
o the sending g PC. The des stination addrress in the IP packet heade er is the IP adddress of the interface
on the rem
mote router. The
T packet is sent only to thet intended d destination.
Using the ping comma and or the Add d Complex PDU feature off Packet Traccer, you can d
directly ping b
broadcast
addressess to view broa
adcast traffic.
For multic
cast traffic, yo
ou will view EIGRP traffic. EIGRP
E is use
ed by Cisco roouters to exch
hange routingg
informatio
on between ro outers. Routerrs using EIGR RP send packkets to multica
ast address 2224.0.0.10, whhich
represents the group of o EIGRP routters. Although h these packeets are receive
ed by other ddevices, they a
are
dropped at
a Layer 3 by all devices ex xcept EIGRP routers, with no other proccessing requiired.

P
Part 1: Generate
G Unicast Traffic
T
S
Step 1: Use ping to ge
enerate trafffic.
a. Click PC1 and click
k the Desktop tab > Comm
mand Promp
pt.
b. Enter the ping 10.0.3.2 command. The ping should succe
eed.

S
Step 2: Enter Simulation mode.
a. Click the Simulatio
on tab to ente
er Simulation mode.
b. Click Edit Filters and
a verify that only ICMP and
a EIGRP evvents are sele
ected.

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Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

c. Click PC1 and enter the ping 10.0.3.2 command.

Step 3: Examine unicast traffic.

The PDU at PC1 is an ICMP echo request intended for the serial interface on Router3.
a. Click Capture/Forward repeatedly and watch while the echo request is sent to Router3 and the echo
reply is sent back to PC1. Stop when the first echo reply reaches PC1.
Which devices did the packet travel through with the unicast transmission?

b. In the Simulation Panel Event List section, the last column contains a colored box that provides access to
detailed information about an event. Click the colored box in the last column for the first event. The PDU
Information window opens.
What layer does this transmission start at and why?

c. Examine the Layer 3 information for all of the events. Notice that both the source and destination IP
addresses are unicast addresses that refer to PC1 and the serial interface on Router3.
What two changes take place at Layer 3 when the packet arrives at Router3?

d. Click Reset Simulation.

Part 2: Generate Broadcast Traffic

Step 1: Add a complex PDU.
a. Click Add Complex PDU. The icon for this is in the right toolbar and shows an open envelope.
b. Float the mouse cursor over the topology and the pointer changes to an envelope with a plus (+) sign.
c. Click PC1 to serve as the source for this test message and the Create Complex PDU dialog window
opens. Enter the following values:
Destination IP Address: 255.255.255.255 (broadcast address)
Sequence Number: 1
One Shot Time: 0
Within the PDU settings, the default for Select Application: is PING. What are at least 3 other
applications available for use?

d. Click Create PDU. This test broadcast packet now appears in the Simulation Panel Event List. It also
appears in the PDU List window. It is the first PDU for Scenario 0.
e. Click Capture/Forward twice. This packet is sent to the switch and then broadcasted to PC2, PC3, and
Router1. Examine the Layer 3 information for all of the events. Notice that the destination IP address is
255.255.255.255, which is the IP broadcast address you configured when you created the complex PDU.
Analyzing the OSI Model information, what changes occur in the Layer 3 information of the Out Layers
column at Router1, PC2, and PC3?

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Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

f. Click Capture/Forward again. Does the broadcast PDU ever forward on to Router2 or Router3? Why?

g. After you are done examining the broadcast behavior, delete the test packet by clicking Delete below
Scenario 0.

Part 3: Investigate Multicast Traffic

Step 1: Examine the traffic generated by routing protocols.
a. Click Capture/Forward. EIGRP packets are at Router1 waiting to be multicast out of each interface.
b. Examine the contents of these packets by opening the PDU Information window and click
Capture/Forward again. The packets are sent to the two other routers and the switch. The routers accept
and process the packets, because they are part of the multicast group. The switch will forward the
packets to the PCs.
c. Click Capture/Forward until you see the EIGRP packet arrive at the PCs.
What do the hosts do with the packets?

Examine the Layer 3 and Layer 4 information for all of the EIGRP events.
What is the destination address of each of the packets?

d. Click one of the packets delivered to one of the PCs. What happens to those packets?

Based on the traffic generated by the three types of IP packets, what are the major differences in
delivery?

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Packet Tracer - Investigate Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast Traffic

Suggested Scoring Rubric

Question Possible Earned
Activity Section Location Points Points

Step 3a 10

Part 1: Unicast Traffic Step 3b 10

Step 3c 10

Part 1 Total 30
Step 1c 10

Part 2: Broadcast traffic Step 1e 10

Step 1f 10

Part 2 Total 30
Step 1c,q1 10

Step 1c, q2 10
Part 3: Multicast traffic
Step 1d, q1 10
Step 1d, q2 10
Part 3 Total 40
Total Score 100

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