FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION

VOL. 12 JANUARY - MARCH 2007 PRICE Rs. 10/-

Tackling
Repairs
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
Editor’s Note

PUBLISHED BY
Pidilite Industries Ltd.

EDITOR
Murgesh Bhustali

SUB-EDITOR
Amit Pawar

DESIGNED BY
Parag Chinchkar,
Better Communications Pvt. Ltd.

MUMBAI
Ramkrishna Mandir Road, P.O.Box No.17411, Dear Friend,
Andheri (East) MUMBAI - 400 059.
Ph : (022) 2835 7000
AHMEDABAD
“Paritosh” 4th Floor, Near Darpan Academy,
Usmanpura, AHMEDABAD - 380 013
We had three big events of Dr. Fixit Institute of Structural Protection and
Ph : (079) 27552043 / 1483 Rehabilitation at LIC of India at Gurgaon, Building Material Technology
BANGALORE Promotion Council at Kolkatta and Grasim Industries Limited at Khor in Madhya
H.V.S. Apartments, Edward Road, Pradesh with the main theme being Waterproofing and Maintenance of
BANGALORE - 560 052.
Ph : (080) 22204238 / 4239 Structures. The invitees were leading Consultants, Architects, Engineers and
CHENNAI Contractors. This was followed by training to Engineer's and Applicators by our
306 (Old No. 244), Llyods Road, Gopalpuram, In House team.
CHENNAI-600 086.
Ph : (044) 28350338 / 1614
The cover story in this issue is in continuation with the previous issue and
COCHIN
Ellikkal Estate, N.H. 47, Pathadipalam,
focuses on tackling repairs. The author details about reasons that cause distress
Edappally P.O, Ernakulam, Cochin - 682 024. to brickwork and concrete.
Ph : (0484) 2543978 / 3979
DELHI In other regular columns, we have highlighted our recent initiatives like new
6th Floor, Vikas Deep, Laxmi Nagar, District Centre, product launches, opening of additional Dr.Fixit centres. We are also laying out
Vikas Marg, DELHI - 110 092
Ph : (011) 22440890, 22541970 the schedule of various types of Engineer, Architect, Contractor and Dealer
HYDERABAD Meets.
Sunrise Apartment, Flat No.101,102 & 103,
183, Dwarkapuri Colony, Do keep writing in to us giving your valuable feedback and suggestions, which
Panjagutta, HYDERABAD - 500 082.
Ph : (040) 23351250 / 1308 are always valued and welcome, which we will incorporate to make the Building
KOLKATA
Blocks more interesting to read.
Everest House, 10th Floor, 46/ C,
Chowringhee Road, KOLKATA - 700 071.
Ph :(033) 22888844 / 7610

Pidilite Industries Ltd.

Murgesh Bhustali
Head - Training
Construction Chemicals Division
Pidilite Industries Ltd.

2
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
Previous Issue

The previous issue of Building Blocks carried an article on tackling repairs,

which is taken forward in this issue.

It also featured an article of an experienced applicator Sohan Lal an

applicator and his association with pidilite.

Tackling Repairs

Some encouraging responses ...

“I found the issues of Building Blocks very informative and of high standards, which has helped us in resolving many issues
related to waterproofing and repairs. It also gives information on the latest trends and technologies in the industry.”- Kapil
Gandhi,(Engineer, Pune).

letter
“This is a very informative publication which has helped us to tackle waterproofing issues precisely with
the help of your wide range of quality products. Moreover no other construction chemical company is
providing such magazine.” - Mitesh Jadhav ( Mitesh Constructions- Mumbai).

Contents
1 FROM THE COVER 5 SOME OF OUR RECENT PROJECTS
Tackling Repairs - Part II Product used -
Dr. Fixit Raincoat & Torchshield
2 INDUSTRY PROFESSIONAL SPEAKS ROFF Hyseal & Bond Repair
Applicator from Mumbai

3 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHS 6 NEWS

Dr. Fixit Roofseal, Pot Hole Repair
& Dripseal
4 DR FIXIT INSTITUTE
Launch Program of Dr. Fixit Institute
• Inauguration of Dr. Fixit Shoppé
• Training Programme conducted for
Level II-Applicator
• SIS Dealer, Flooring Contractor (ROFF),
& Engineers Meet
• ROFF Exhibition

3
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
From the Cover
Tackling Repairs - Part II

This is in continuation with the last wall reduces the rate of evaporation leading to wet condition
article of Tackling Repair taken in brickwork.
further in this issue....
F
a
c
to
r
sc
o
nn
e
ct
e
dw
it
hs
a
lt
/c
he
m
ic
a
l
s

W
if water containing soluble salt has entry in to concrete /
hen humid air comes in contact mortar concentration of salts increases at the exposed
with cooler surface with surface as the water evaporates and salts are left behind.
temperature below the dew point This leads to appearance of white deposits – efflorescence –
the excess water vapour condenses in the on the surface. This happens mostly in the first spring or summer or
form of water because of the reduced capacity of air to hold water warm condition due to water trapped during construction.
vapour. This water accumulated on the surface can in turn penetrate
inwards through capillary action. Persistence of efflorescence after first drying is an indication of water
entering brickwork / mortar / concrete. A very small quantity of soluble
Steam is incapable of wetting. alkali salt can give heavy efflorescence. Such problems are more
associated with the presence of magnesium sulphate.
Temperature OC Maximum water retained
(in the form of vapour) (g/cum) Such salts may be present in bricks or soil in contact with brick work or
arise from atmospheric pollution or due to contamination with sea
10 9.4
water / spray.
20 17.3
30 30.35 The source of water has to be located before any treatment can be
40 51.15 thought of.

W
a
y
so
f
wa
te
r
pe
n
et
r
at
i
on D
e
f
ec
t
si
nc
on
c
r
et
e

a. Under hydraulic pressure. a. Cracking due to structural problems.

b. Due to capillary rise. Tensile strains, shrinkage, temperature movements etc.

Both these depend upon interconnected voids or pores in concrete. The b. Spalling of concrete especially cover concrete due to expansion of
capillary pores in cement paste are continuous to start with. With steel reinforcement corrosion and cracking
progressive hydration these become discontinuous after some time c. Disintegration – loss of cement paste due to action of chemicals,
depending upon the w/c and curing. Lower the w/c earlier the capillary either internal or external
becomes discontinuous eg. With w/c = .4 it may take only 3 days
whereas more than 6 months may be necessary with w/c = 0.6. d. Porous concrete can provide easy ingress of moisture and air
causing carbonation proceeding from surface inwards. When
D
e
f
ec
t
si
nb
ri
c
kwo
r
k carbonation reaches the level of steel reinforcement it becomes
Presence of sulphates leads to expansion of mortar leading to prone to corrosion and the corrosion so started goes on increasing
deformations, formation of cracks in mortar joints or in bricks. Mortar leading to cracking and spalling. The inherent porosity of cement
may also deteriorate lose strength due to absorption of cement paste paste is shown in fig. 2.1, 2.2.
by sulphate attack. This may start at the surface and proceed inwards, e. Surface skin of cement paste up to 1 mm thick can lead to high
it may sometime start inside depending upon the source of sulphates – permeability in the cover concrete also making it weaker
external or internal.
f. Presence of dirt or discolouration in cracks may indicate the time
Map or crocodile pattern of cracks may form on plaster / rendering / lapse after cracking.
finishing originally initiated by shrinkage. This could lead to stepped or
horizontal cracks along mortar joints. Parts of plaster on bricks may get g. Crack pattern may indicate the cause
detached or debonded leading to eventual cracking / spalling. - Drying shrinkage - map pattern
- Frost attack / ASR - surface cracking
Such type of distress is difficult to repair unless noticed in earlier - Washing of salts / ASR - exudation from cracks
stages. It is therefore advisable to avoid wet conditions in brickwork. - Fairly uniform tensile strain - relatively straight cracks
Proper coping may not be provided at the top of parapet wall allowing - Bending cracks - tapering
rain water to seep through. Sealing of parapet walls on both sides of - Continuing movement - crumbling at edges
4
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
From the Cover
Tackling Repairs - Part II

O
t
h
erc
a
us
e
so
fd
a
ma
g
et
oc
on
c
r
et
e c. Special structures : chemical factory, petrochemical, fertilizers, pulp
and paper, sugar etc.
1. Construction stage
1. Type of industrial process and product spill over.
a. Localised settlement of subgrades
2. Storage handling of material etc.
b. Movements of form work
3. Unfinished parts of structures in use; additions and alterations.
c. Vibration
4. Heavy rotating vibration machine or their locations.
d Internal settlement of concrete during setting, this may be
5. Cut outs, open spaces, chowks etc.
associated with bleeding / segregation
e. Plastic shrinkage cracking 6. Soundness of framing systems; height, bracing etc.
f. Premature removal of form work 7. Work environment – RH, temperature etc.
8. Ventilation.
2. Drying shrinkage
3. Temperature stresses d. Water Tanks & Reservoirs
a. Variations in ambient temperature. - Foundation settlement, cracks in plinth.
b. Variations in internal temperature. - Superstructure – cracks, deterioration.
- Leakage of water from bottom and walls aggravates other
4. Absorption of moisture problems like corrosion.
5. Corrosion of reinforcement – this requires ingress of water and air.
Based on a survey a large number overhead tanks ( above 25%)
6. Chemical reaction show seepage.
7. Weathering / Pollution
T
y
pe
so
fC
ra
c
k
sine
i
t
her
co
n
cr e
t
eo
r
mas
on
r
y
,t
h a
ta
re
t
ob
e
8. Shock waves r
e
co
g
ni
z
edw
h
il
ec
ar
r
yi
ng
ou
t“ C
o
nd
i
ti
o
nSu
r
v
ey
” .
9. Erosion / Abrasion
1. C he ck ing -
Development of
O
t
h
erc
a
us
e
so
fd
a
ma
g
et
os
tr
u
ct
u
re
shallow cracks at
a. Excessive loading. closely spaced
b. Earthquakes. but irregular
intervals on the
c. Floods. surface of
d. Landslide. plaster, cement
paste, mortar or
e. Fire / explosion. C
h
e
ck
i
ng
concrete.
f. Inputs from vehicles – cars, automobile, ships, aircraft etc.
2. C ra ze C rack s -
g. Differential settlement of foundation. Fine random
h. Material fatigue / creep. cracks or fissures
in a surface of
i. Inadequate waterproofing specifications, selection of water bars, plaster, cement
joint sealants etc. paste, mortar or
concrete.
F a
ctors conn ecte d w i
th en v
i
ron m enta l effects i
n cl u
d
ing w orkin g Crazing - The
c on
d i
tio ns development of
a. Response to weather in certain areas like frost etc. craze cracks;the
C
r
a
ze
Cr
a
ck
s
pattern of craze
b. External ground areas and infrastructure support provisions. cracks existing in
a surface.

5
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
From the Cover
Tackling Repairs - Part II

6. S h ri
n k ag e
3. C rac k ing - C ra ck ing -
Cracking - A series Cracking of a
of cracks in structure or
concrete near and member due to
roughly parallel to failure in tension
joints, edges, and caused by
structural cracks. external or P
at
t
er
nc
ra
c
ki
ng
D
-
c
ra
ck
i
ng(
f
i
ne
) internal restraints (
a
lk
al
i
-c
ar
b
on
at
er
ea
c
t
io
n)
as reduction in
4. D ia gon al moisture content
C ra cks - develops, or as
Diagonal Crack- In carbonation
a flexural member occurs, or both.
an incline crack
caused by shear
stress, usually at
about 45 deg to
D
i
a
gon
a
l
Cra
c
ks S
h
r
in
k
ag
e
cr
a
ck
i
ng
the axis; or a
crack in a slab,
not parallel to 7. Tra ns verse
either the lateral C rack ing -
or longitudinal Cracks that
directions. develop at right
angles to the long
direction of
the member.

P
a
t
t
er
nC
r
ac
k
i
ng(
f
i
ne
) T
r
a
ns
v
er
s
ec
ra
c
ki
ng(
wi
de
)

5. P
a
t
t
er
nC
r
ac
k
i
ng-

Fine opening on concrete

surface in the form of a
pattern; resulting from a
decrease in volume of the
material near the surface, or
increase in volume of the Pa
t
te
r
nc
r
ac
k
in
g
material below the surface, (
r
es
tr
a
i
nso
f
vo
lu
me
c
ha
n
ge
) P
a
t
t
er
nC
r
ac
k
i
ng(
Me
di
um)
or both.

P
a
t
t
er
nC
r
ac
k
i
ng(
wi
de
) P
a
t
t
er
nC
r
ac
k
i
ng(
A
lk
al
i
-s
il
i
car
e
ac
t
io
n
)
6
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
From the Cover
Tackling Repairs - Part II

D
e
te rio ra t
io n - 11. C or rosio n
(1) Physical d am ag e -
manifestation of Destruction of
failure of a metal by
material chemical,
(e.g., cracking, electrochemical,
delamination, or electrolytic
flaking, pitting, reaction with its
D i
s i
n t
eg ratio n environment. C
o
r
ro
s
i
onD
a
m
ag
e
scaling , spalling
staining) caused
by environmental or internal autogenous influences on hardened 12. D istortio n/
concrete as well as other materials. D efo rm a t
io n -
(2) Decomposition of material during either testing or exposure to A change in
service. dimension or
shape.
8. Disi
nte gra ti
o n –
Reduction into small fragments and subsequently into particles.

9. B li
s te ri
n g- D
i
s
tor
t
i
on
The irregular
raising of a thin
layer, frequently 13. D u sti
ng -
25 to 300mm The development
diameter, at the of a powdered
surface of p;aced material at the
mortar or surface of
concrete during B l
is te r
ing hardened
or soon after concrete.
completion of the
finishing operation; blistering is usually attributed to early closing of D
u
s
t
in
g
the surface and may be aggravated by cool temperatures. Blisters
also occur in pipe after spinning or in a finish plastic coat in
plastering as it separates and draws away from the base coat.

1
0
. C a vi
ta t
i o
n d a m
a
g
e-
Pittiing of
concrete caused
by implosion, i.e,
the collapse of
vapor bubbles in
flowing water
which form in
areas of low
pressure and C
a
v
i
ta
t
io
nD
a
m
ag
e
collapse as they
enter areas of
higher pressure. ... Part III to be continued in next issue

7
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
Applicator Speaks
An expert at structural repairs & his association with Pidilite

NAME OF APPLICATOR:
Ranjit Panda

NAME OF FIRM :
R.K.Enterprises

QUALIFICATION :
M.A

SPECIALISATION :
Waterproofing and repairs

MAJOR WORKS COMPLETED:

Parrato Building, Mahim
Dayanand C.H.S., Goregaon
Noopor Nagar , Mira Road
Marigold Building, Goregaon Link Road

PRODUCTS USED :

Dr. Fixit Newcoat Dr. Fixit Elastomeric Dr. Fixit Pidiproof LW Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP

Mr Ranjit Panda Says,

I have been using Dr. Fixit products from the last 3 years. The products are of high quality and I have never faced
any problems in the structures where i have used them. I stongly believe that proper application and strict
supervision is a key to success for which i thank Dr. Fixit as it is because of their training, product quality, service
and continuous technical guidance we can tackle issues related to waterproofing much more effectively. I wish the
entire team of Dr. Fixit good luck and look forward for their continued support.
8
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
New Products
Dr. Fixit Roofseal • Dr. Fixit Pot Hole Repair • Dr. Fixit Dripseal

D
R
.
FI
XI
TRO
O
F
SE
A
L 3) Easy to apply: Suitable consistency for easy application by
L
i
qu
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ap
p
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el
as
to
m
er
i
cwa
t
e
rp
ro
o
f
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m
br
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ne brush.
An excellent performance impermeable water-borne polymer reinforced 4) Excellent Adhesion: Dr. Fixit Roofseal adheres firmly to most
bitumen emulsion, developed especially for liquid applied, high of building surfaces including concrete, felt, brick, metal, etc.
performance waterproofing system. Being a single component both horizontal or verticle areas.
comprising of SBS, other high quality polymers and additives. Dr. Fixit
5) Excellent Water Vapour Transmission: Very low
Roofseal dries to a flexible coating, and has excellent bonding, seamless,
impermeability ensuring water tight for al substrates.
odourless, taint-free, anti-bacterial and non-toxic properties.
6) Chemical Resistant: Dr. Fixit Roofseal provides effective
A
R
E
AS
OF
A
PP
LI
CA
TI
ON:
protection against alcohol, salt solution, and mild acid/alkali.
New Terrace Slabs : Used as an undercoat for waterproofing below brick
P
A
CK
I
NG18 Kg pail
bat coba, lime terrace or roof tiling systems for large roofs.
F
E
AT
U
RE
S&
B
EN
E
F
IT
S
:
1) Elastomeric: excellent elastomeric properties can easily
accommodate all normal building movements to retain water seal.
2) Joint less: Dr. Fixit Roofseal can be applied to complex shapes to
form a joint less and highly durable water proofing membrane.

D
R
.
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H
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RE
P
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f
or
Co
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dPa
t
c
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p
ai
r 2 component high grade low viscosity, PU injection foam resin for
sealing water bearing cracks cavities and leakages
An asphalt ready mix high performance pavement / patching material
for deteriorated potholes concrete or bituminous pavement surfaces. A R EA S O F A
PP LIC A TIO N :
The repair shall make the surface uniform, flexible and capable of Water bearing cracks in toilets ,building, basements, water tanks, walls,
retaining adhesive property to the substrates. ceilings etc.
A R E A S OF AP P LI
C AT I
O N: F
E
AT
U
RE
SA
N
DB
E
NE
F
I
TS
:
Dr. Fixit Pot Hole Repair in concrete bituminous pavements & roads.
- On contact with water, expands as a foam, sealing the passage of
F
E
AT
U
RE
SA
N
DB
E
NE
F
I
TS
: water in cracks.
1. Dr. Fixit Pot Hole Repair is asphalt ready mix, use it directly from - Permanently seals water in any substrate, such as brick/stone
bag without any mixing. masonry, concrete, etc.
2. Dr. Fixit Pot Hole Repair can be open to traffic immediately after - Excellent open time during
the compaction is completed. application; for more than 2-3
hours at 300C.
3. Easy to use.
- Suitable for contact with drinking
4. Can be applied all year round wet / damp or dry pavements or
water.
surfaces.
- Penetrates into fine water bearing
5. Dr. Fixit Pot Hole Repair is a super fast system, thus saving time
cracks.
and energy.
- For tackling hydrostatic pressure, back up with PU Injection 1403 is
P
A
CK
I
NG20 Kg plastic bags
:
necessary.
9
P
A
CK
I
NG1 Ltr (A + B)
:
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
Dr. Fixit Institute
Launch Program of Dr. Fixit Institute • Some of our Recent Projects

DATE EVENT LOCATION Programme

th th
15 to 17 Life Insurance LIC –ZTC, Waterproofing and
January 2007 Corporation of Gurgaon Maintenance of
India. Group-2 Structures
22nd to 23rd Building Material Kolkata Waterproofing and
January 2007 Technology Dampproofing Materials
Promotion Council and Techniques for
Buildings and Structures
29th to 31st Grasim Industries Khor (M.P) Waterproofing and
March 2007 Limited Maintenance of Structures

For participation in any of the DFI programs & any enquiries related to Dr. Fixit Institute, please
contact Murgesh Bhustali on 022-28357154 or e-mail at murgesh.bhustali@pidilite.com

Site: H
ous e
,
Mang
al
or
e Site: Ahemd
aba
dS
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Product used: D
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Site: D
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Product used: R
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10
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION
News
Training programmes organised • Exhibition conducted • DR. FIXIT SHOPPÉ

Inauguration of DR. FIXIT SHOPPÉ

Sri. Annapoorneshwari Agencies Xadgir M/S Jindal Marble Firozabad

Meets & Training Programme

SIS Dealer Meet Bangalore Flooring Contractor Meet (ROFF) Jabalpur

Engineers Meet Salem Level II-Applicator Training Programme Indore

Exhibition

If you wish to recommend someone to whom we should mail this copy or if you have any suggestions, please feel free to contact us at
Pidilite Industries Ltd., Construction Chemicals Division, Ramkrishna Mandir Road, P.O.Box No.17411, Andheri (East), Mumbai-400 059.
Phone : 2835 7000, 2835 7111 • Fax : (022) 2835 7008 • Website: www.doctor-fixit.com
 Chemical &
Physical D
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Properties H
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Usage High-range water reducing type High-range water reducing cum retarding
superplasticizer type superplasticizer
Classification Polycarboxylate based Polycarboxylate based
superplasticizer superplasticizer
Appearance Light brown liquid Light brown liquid
FOR HEALTHY CONSTRUCTION Solid Content 33% 35%
O
Viscosity (25 C) max. 1000cPs max. 1000cPs

P
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pH
1.080-1.090 mg/l
6.0-8.0
1.085-1.095 mg/l
6.0-8.0

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.
from the makers of

Printed, Published & Edited by Murgesh Bhustali on behalf of Pidilite Industries Ltd.
Ram Krishna Mandir Road, Off. M. Vasanji Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 059
and printed from Amsit, 40-C, Sidhpura Industrial Estate,
1st Floor, S.V. Road, Goregaon (West), Mumbai - 400 062.