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EXTRA!!! EXTRA!!
EMR is DEAD
As the 21st century commences, we bid fond
adieu to one of the mainstays of industrial
electronics, the electro-magnetic relay.
Surviving are numerous antiquated
installations where EMRs continue to..
Industrial Electronics
• Typical Applications
• Rectification
• Motor Control
• Amplification
• Regulation
• Process Control
Transistor
• Capable of performing
• Amplifying
• Switching
• Most common types
• Bipolar junction (BJT)
• Field effect (FET)
Transistor
• Darlington amplifier
• Two transistors used
together
• Gain is multiplicative
Field Effect Transistor
• Three terminals
• anode - P-layer
• cathode - N-layer (opposite end)
• gate - P-layer near the cathode
• Three junctions - four layers
Connect power such that the anode is
positive with respect to the cathode - no
current will flow
NOTE: Blocked by the reverse bias of
junction 2
SCR - Continued
• Bidirectional triode
thyristor
• Equivalent of two
SCRs connected
• Allows gate control of
current flow in either
direction
TRIAC Operation
DIAC
• Brightness of a lamp
• beginning half cycle, TRIAC off
• capacitor charges based on RC time constant
• eventually DIAC is activated
• TRIAC is activated and conducts
• Process repeated for each half cycle of the AC sine
wave
• Adjust the brightness by changing the variable
resistance which effects charging time
Unijunction Transistor (UJT)
• Simple two layer transistor
• Operates using the principle of avalanche
breakdown producing a saw tooth output
• Used to trigger an SCR or TRIAC
• Also used within pulse circuitry
• Output from photocells, thermistors, and
other transducers can be used to trigger
Unijunction Transistor (UJT)
UJT as a trigger for an SCR
Industrial Blending Process
• Computer sends bit (5 VDC) to UJT
• UJT sends trigger signal to SCR
• SCR activates and provides power to
device
Application with UJT and SCR
Application with UJT and SCR
Inverter AC Motor Control
Solid State Switching
• Advantages
• No moving parts
• Controllable in the time domain
• Disadvantages
• Low resistance - but substantial heat
Solid State Switching
SELL!