Nursing III Test I Inherited risk heart disease, depression, diabetes
Healthindividualized definition Environmental risks live near factory, where you
Illnessdiminished functioning acute or chronic work Family2 or more who define selves as family, share Economic risk stock market going down emotional bonds of closeness Behavioral risk smoking, alcohol, sunbathing Individual health effects fam & vice versa Good role modeling increases the risk of substance Crisis can make a fam member assume different role abuse in children Fam stress theory how a fam will respond to types of Genogramhealth and illness through generations (3) stress by identifying weeknesses and strenghts Ecomap relationships and interactions with social All stressors demand a response networks in a family Durability intra-familial system of support/stucture Family apgar questionaire emotional attachments to Resilency ability to cope w/ stressors and adapt pt., assesses satisfaction with social support from adaptation, Diversity attention to uniqueness partnership, growth, affection, resolve Fam experience stress in passing from one stage to the Values influence human behavior, ideal that gives next meaning to human life Transition involves one or more role changes Individualism and mastery over nature are dominant A functional family copes by communication American values that permeate many aspects of health care A dysfunctional family fights when stressors appear Maral and ethical foundations ; denounce idleness and Coping stratagieshelp fam to adapt to stress /change promote hard work Time is measured in terms of efficiency and Fam resilencedoing well in face of adversity productivity - streamlining and mass producing nursing care Denial ignore stressor to make barable Clarification process of self exploration through Rationalization use an excuse other than the real which individuals identify and rank their won personal values reason in comparison to those around you., we must be consciously Selective inattentionhear what you want to hear aware of what our values are and why Value = an ideal or concept that gives meaning to an Isolationseparate self from reality individuals life Intellectualization remove emotion look@logistics Value system = operates as a personal code of Projection blame someone else conduct Determine level of functioninglook@ coping skills Attitude = is a feeling of emotion, generally and fam resources including positive or negative judgment toward people, objects, or ideas Caregivers are usually most organized with complaints of discomfort Beliefs = refers to special class of intellectual attitudes based primarily on faith, as opposed to fact Resources inc; faith, social support, finances, health, family flexability, coping stratagies Modeling display behaviors Functional family communication patterns families Moralizing copying behaviors with strenghts, resilient, survival needs are met, traits based Laises=faire anything goes on attachment and are affectionate in nature, wnt argue and Rewarding & punishing time outs will hug and laugh even in hard times Responsible choice limit choices, discuss Dysfunctional com patterns noncompliant, resistant, consequences unmotivated, don’t function well w/ each other or the world, doesn’t allow change and intervention, very controlling. Will Aesthetics qualities of objects, events and people argue over who has the right to go in that provide satisfaction Adaptiveincreased role fallibility, joint problem Altruism concern for the welfare of others solving, passive acceptance of event, communalization, Equality having the same rights, privileges or humor and laughter, social support networks, spiritual status supports Freedom capacity to exercise choice Maladaptive denial, scapegoat, threat or withdrawal Human dignity inherent worth and uniqueness of of affection, extreme dominance and submission patterns, family addictions, domestic violence, threaten, label, an individual stigmatize, Truth faithfulness to fact and reality Fam as structure individual 1st fam 2nd Justiceupholding of moral and legal principles Fam as the client Fam 1st , individual 2nd Morals PERSONAL standard of right and wrong Fam as system fam as one unit that functions Ethics a systematic inquiry into the principles of together right and wrong conduct, of virtue and vie, and of good Family as component of society how fam functions an evil as they relate to conduct w/I society Nursing Ethics a system of principles governing Health risksdetermine if disease will occur the conduct of the nurse Life events increase risk for illness and disability Ethical dilemmas NO TRUE RIGHT OR WRONG ANSWER, a puzzling moral problem, requires Normative life eventmarriage, kids, etc…expected a choice between 2 equally unfavorable alternatives, Non-normativedivorce, taking care of parent, not weather or not u give a med when its against your better expected judgement Ethical decision making using an orderly process Space - encompases the concepts of territoriality, that considers ethical principles density, and distance Territoriality - to own space Ethical distress knowing the right thing to do but finding it almost impossible to execute, when the doctor Density - the number of people within a given tells you you have to give the med environmental space Distance - the way cultures use space to Ethical uncertainty feeling troubled by a situation communicate but not knowing if it is an ethical problem Intimate Zone 0 - 18 inches Decision making assess, identify problem, plan, implementation, evaluation Personal Zone 18 inches to 3 feet Do not give personal opnions Social Zone 3 feet to 6 feet Utilitarianism - most amount of good for the Rite - an event that marks change in status from greatest amount of people, health care reform, value is lower to higher level, such as a confirmation, bar mitzvah, determines by its usefulness, emphasis on the outcome, baptism Deontology - traditional theory, it is the principle on Ritual - prescribed manner or process closely related which an action is based that is the morally decisive such to a cultures ideology, such as high school graduation, as making and keeping a promise wedding, admission to school Princiipalism - primary principle of bioethics, Practices that interfere with a persons spiritual life can respect for autonomy, non-malfeasance, beneficence, hinder physical recovery and promote physical illness distributive justice (social justice) Spiritual healing - healing energy from spiritual sources Communitarianism - hx, tradition and concrete Traditional oriental - complete system of diagnostic moral thinking should be the basis of moral thinking and and therapuetic approaches action 3 theries of this are…virtue ethics, caring and the Naturopathic medicine - supports natural healing ethic of care, feminist ethics. capacity of the individual Virtue Ethics - goal; enable persons to flourish as Chiropractic - adjustment and manipulation of human beings musculoskeletal articulations to treat functional disorders Caring and Ethic of care - 2 voices in caring the Orthomolecular - rebalance of individual express 2 distinct concepts of morality and the methods of biochemistry expression Feminist Ethics - supports critical thinking and a African americans higher risk for sickle cell disease, focus on gender, power and socioeconomic status, men htn, amy time desease process ins well advanced before and woman are equal seeking medical help, have a difficulty metabolizing Advocacy is too promote and encourage the pt to immunosuppresants, betablockers, Ace inhibitors, genetic have a voice defects results in less effective HAART (aids med), initially In pa you are not obligated to stop at an accident seek info from family, high teen pregnancy rate, sti’s and hiv are high, diet is high in fat, cholesterol and sodium, being Culture is a shared system of beliefs values and overweight is seen as positive, lactose intolerant 75% of behaviors and an integral component of health and illness them. Feed babies mashed potatoes and cereal at a younger Race shared biological features age, parents are very involved in child raising, high incidence Ethnicity shared culture (american) of high bp, only take meds when needed. End of life So america would be the ethnicity and the with decisions are made by the family, burial survice is 5-7 days different races in the ethnicity after death, are usually baptist or Methodist, laying on of Enculturation - process of becoming a member of a hands, use farmers almanac cultural group, assimulating into a culture, can create Amish - hemophelia and dwarfism are common, conflict w/I a family Appalacian - serpent services, high risk of CAD, SIDS Migration - people migrate from state to state as Arab - high risk for epilepsy, pku, sickle cell disease, well as across county borders thalasemia, difficulty metabolizing antiarrhythmics, Immigrants - name given to people who cross antidepressants, beta-blockers, neuroleptics, opiod agents, national borders mostly all meds that take care of the heart, head and pain, Cultural Diversity - individuals exposed to multiple don’t eat pork, don’t make eye contact, males make all world views decisions, will prefer a caregiver of own sex and race if Culture shock - feeling of panic, anger, depression, possible and denial and a sense of separation from others Asians - require lower doeses of CNS depressants, have Assimilation - when minority groups living within a a lower tolerance for alcohol, and are more sensitive to dominant group lose the cultural characteristics that once adverse effects of alchohol, lactose intolerant often, , often do made them different not recognize mental health illness, smoke, balanced diet is Prescriptive - things the individual should do to have essential for physical and emotional harmony (yin and yang), harmony no ice, death is part of the natural cycle of life, eat lots of Restrictive - things the individual should not to do rice, veggies, #4 is unlucky, white is a symbol of death, close have a positive outcome family ties, Buddhism, islam, christian, faiths, life forces are Things that if done will have significant negative sources of strenght, traditional Chinese medicine vs. western outcomes medicine Linear time - straight line that can be divided into Jewish - higher rate of side effects with clozapine parts with a begning and end. Western health care (schizophrenia drug) providers see time as linear Irish - stoic when dealing with pain Circular time - time is a never ending enitiy, space is Italian - older woman very vocal with pain, linked with issues of territoriality, living, work, with Hindue - does not show any signs of pain health care arrangements, touch, sound and smell Greeks - family gathers pt is expected to be verbal Navahoe Indians - most are stoic, Northern European americans - cigarette smoking, high risk sexual behavior, typical diet is high in fats and cholesterol and low in fiber (fast foods), burried or cremated within 3 days of death, dying person should not be left alone, many recognized religions, clergy available, health promotion and wellness, full sidclosure of health condition to client who then describes the info to family (England, Ireland, france, is the dominant culture in america) Native Americans - alcohol, adolescence suicide, eat lots of sheep, fry bread and mutton cooked in lard, lactose intolerant, taboo to talk with client about fatal illness, body must go into the afterlife as whole as possible, spirituality is based on harmony with nature, healing ceremonies restore balance mentally, physically and spiritually, do not understand theory of germs, pain is to be endured, Herbal medicine is used Latin American - smoke, alcohol, obesity is seen as positive, the evil eye, rice breans and tortillas are staples in diet, sweetened fruit drinks are popular, extended family affair with death, may want candles at the bedside, autopsy is not welcome, roaman catholic with some Indian influences, family is considered most credible source of health care info. Herbal medicines and teas are used frequently, hot and cold therapies are used, will close legs during labor to keep out cold, use lead as med which can cause brain damage